@@Syndesi I'm literally a network engineering and cybersecurity student right now, and we just got to that chapter! The Cisco/CompTIA materials are very thorough!
@@mryellow6918 I can never remember what movie it's from, but there's a line out there in the world that goes, "when all else fails, bang the s$&t out of it." It's practically a universal constant!
I ordered a wand from Amazon, that was filled with a Thorium powder. If you search for medical wand or whatever quack medical devices, you will find Thorium filled products from China being sold for very little, as they have no other market for the Thorium. The only reason for getting the wand was to have a source of radiation to test any radiation detectors I find.
if they're quack products, why even bother filling them with thorium? just fill them with sand or something like that. it's not like the people using them are scientific enough to differentiate sand from thorium
That was so fuckin cool! I had no idea you could use an organic reagent to complex an inorganic salt into being soluble in a non polar solvent. I learned so much new chem from you as always thanks so much. Youve been my new favorite chem channel since i found you with just a few hundred subs!! Also as soon as you said "boiling a 75% hydroxide solution" i was like oh shit i know whats coming next XD
I found a piece of uranium/radium ore that gets around 10,000 CPS not CPM.. It was in a little forest near the train station in The city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada where I live. There's much more hidden under the soil, I just took a few rocks..
Oh, that's an interesting movie. I thought that you meant a literal book. I found one in the kids section of the library for a couple of years ago that detailed all kinds of poisons, many more than I ever heard about. Cool book
Awesome video as always!! Just as a side note: At 6:36 you mentioned that the residue left on the filter are various lanthanide hydroxides. In fact, it is probably only Ce(OH)4 and less to no other lanthanide elements. You've adjusted the pH to 3, which would precipitate all the cerium (IV) ions since they are more acidic, but the other trivalent lanthanides stay in the solution as sulfates. The residue is also probably contaminated with sulfate salts of lanthanides, since Ln2(SO4)3 are only slightly soluble, and NaLn(SO4)2 (from your previous addition of NaOH) is practically insoluble.
@@ZeroPlayerGame I'm already trying to buy something radioactive, probably not a good idea to get it from an unreliable source... I want the source that _those_ companies got it from.
One use of thorium metal is a device called a multi leaf collimator beam shaper that is used for proton and electron beam radiotherapy devices. Thorium is used because it doesn't emit many neutrons when hit by the beam, in contrast tungsten makes lots of neutrons from the beam.
Very nice video ^^ What you show during extraction and purification has a comercial name: THOREX in analogy to PUREX for extracting Uranium and Plutonium from fuel rods .
I remember Mass Effect 1 had something about polonium and maybe thorium in the radioactive bullets ammo upgrades. Also there's the thorian enemy but presumably no relation. Yum.
Thorium has quite rare feature of having +4 charge while remaining stable. Most of +4 ions hydrolize very easily, but thorium can remain in not too much extreme acidic solution for a while. Which makes me think: Is it possible to catch thorium (as well as other metals) in EDTA complexes, slowly raise pH to a level when all hydrogens of EDTA are substituted, and then separate the complexes on the column with ion-exchange resin? Thorium complex should pass through while complexes of +3 and +2 metals should remain on the column.
Apparently, concentrated phosphoric acid at high temperature can dissolve the REE-phosphates. It would be interesting to see a video using that technique as a comparison. Loved this video!
Your tumbler ball-mill idea was a good idea, but you missed TWO critical features. You needed bigger ball bearings *_AND_* you need to add WATER or soft tumbling media inside up to the level of the media and rocks (which should have filled the tumbler container about half to 2/3rds-full). The action of a ball mill requires significant weight in the crushing media so it repeatedly falls on the rocks and chips away fragments eventually grinding them to dust, and it can only do so with the chamber at LEAST halfway full to get enough height on each subsequent revolution.... ....and it requires water to better suspend the crushing media and serve as a lubricant. Alternately, you could have just used multiple mineral specimens of similar hardness and they would bonk and grind one another to powder. Although then your thorium would have been more dilute, or you would have yielded much more depending on what other rocks you tossed in there. I have found in my experience a hardness of 7.5 is ideal for grinding minerals, garnets, corundum, chert, agates, quartz crystals and flint are ideal for grinding away minerals. What is left will be powdery fine sludge. *But the chamber needs to be at least half full and there needs to be water... SOMETHING (be it rocks or ball bearings) has to fill the chamber almost halfway to get the right mechanics inside.* The teeny balls you used would just aggrigate at the bottom and roll around while the rocks repeatedly fell on them. That is why it didnt work, the mechanics happening inside were backwards. You need the balls to fall on the rocks, and enough of them to grind and crush against each other. Even when you used bigger balls, I suspect the chamber was still too empty allowing the balls to just roll around the bottom.
Love it :D comming from nuclear chemistry. Especially from a departmend with a big Uranium/Thorium research background I wanted to add: that what precipitates out when adding Sodiumhydroxide to Thorium in solution is arguably better described as ThO2 × H2O. So Thoriumdioxide hydrate (same with silver) Maybe you left that in for Video purposes as most recognize a hydroxide more than an oxide hydrate. (I made that mistake of writing "Th(OH)4" once and immediately got corrected by Prof.)
@@tschadschi1010 I consider any element whose naturally occurring admixture of isotopes contains a sufficient measure of any individual radioactive isotope to make the parent natural unenriched element significantly radioactive to be a 'radioactive element'. K40 contributes ~5 terawatts of heat to the planet's interior, comprising more than a tenth of the total geological heat flux of the Earth.
232Th has a half-life of over 14 billion years and is pretty much all the thorium in the crust. 40K does have a half-life of 1.25 billion years but is only about 0.012% of the potassium in nature. True, potassium is a lot more plentiful overall so you have a point Third biggest source of radiogenic heat in Earth after 232Th and 238U. It’s up there in the sweepstakes.
They just call it thorium nitrate tributyl phosphate complex or Th(NO3)4 TBP. There’s some stick and ball 3D images online of this with other actinides
Make a video about saftey in radioactive chemestry and how you store this kind of radioactive powder, it looks scary. Do you test for contamination before leaving the lab? What detectors do you use for this?
There are so-called "negative ion wand/nano energy alkaline water stick" for "water activation" on various e-commerce sites from Chinese sellers. These look like regular metal pens, but are actually filled with >70% Thorium oxide powder. They cost 5-10$ per piece, and may be an economical option for people wanting to do some thorium chemistry. Never ever think about buying or opening one of these if you don't have the proper safety precautions and equipment to handle radioactive dust!
Man... I hope Cody doesn't get locked up. Any length of sentence is probably a life sentence for him... based on the stunning amount of mercury he's subjected his body to.
@@lastbrewfanhe's had his blood tested, he's fine on mercury. And the uranium incident was many years ago, he merely had property seized and was instructed (as far as I know) not to conduct any more radioactive chemistry.
oh thats very surprising. i don't know enough about radiation to speculate on why that would be, but there is also the fact that his radioactivity videos including uranium extraction and refining have been aggressively stripped from the internet; i recall him asking folks not to reupload. maybe that was only a yt corporate issue not a fed. @@mernok2001
There’s a gemstone that’s somewhat radioactive and has a trashed crystal structure due to the radioactivity. Ekanite, I think, and I believe that it’s radioactive because of its thorium. I have one (I’m pretty sure) of a few carats. Monazite of good appearance is sometimes used as a gemstone too. Probably not too dangerous if you don’t wear the jewelry with the stone much.
Plus isn't this (just to a lesser extent) how Blue Topaz is made from clear, and if I remember correctly, naturally occuring (and very rare) Red Diamonds form? Because of radiation causing defects to the crystal structure and the defects interacting with light?
“Subscribe to survive nuclear disaster” Ah yes, the kind of disaster where this chemistry is needed, to power the thorium reactors that we’ll have built… because obviously, that’s what you do in this kind of situation ;-)
Where did the daughter Nuculides go? Were they part of what you threw away? It would be interesting to track them just to see what happened. Interestingly (I'm sure you know this but others don't) - radionuclides are used to easily track where they move. For example, radioactive phosphorous to track plant phosphorous absorption, etc, or a hospital scan (most commonly with technetium).
I have found ThO2 especially difficult to dissolve in acid. I'm kind of surprised you were able to do it here. I tried aqua regia and was only partially successful. I added a very small amount on HF (~0.1M) to my aqua regia and managed to dissolve all of it. My hypothesis is that ThO2 is similar to SiO2, glass. Glass does not dissolve in most acids, including aqua regia. This was oxude firmed a passivation layer over the thorium that was impervious to the acid. This method, however, requires the use of a Teflon beaker to mix and heat to material. Perhaps try neutralizing the acid with CaOH. This may neutralize the HF first and allow the thorium to precipitate first since all other metals will readily dissolve in aqua regia. I would be interested in seeing your results
2:59 really ? why? lol! what a silly idea! 5:34 and quite a bit of Thallium...8:00 TBP oh boy.. here we go... Yeah I am not sure where you got the idea from but we should`ve talk and save glassware! cool
Chemiolis, I think you would greatly enjoy the Radiacode-102 scintillator.. it can perform gamma spectroscopy on samples, and is very very sensitive to gamma. Check it out!:)
Your insolubles at 5:02 contain RaSO4. I don't suppose you have a fume hood with strong negative pressure to further isolate that terrible cation without killing yourself.
I hope there's a more streamlined way for refining Thorium, as Thorium Molten Salt Reactor looks the only way fission will really take off and make a difference.
Many modern wet chemistry metal refining processes are fairly complex, but are still reasonably cost effective when you do them at an industrial scale and with automation.
Thorium should be focused upon as the future of nuclear energy. Alas, it doesn't make for good weapons, so it's largely passed over for uranium. Humans continue to be the main impediment to the advancement of humans. 😢
@@lastbrewfanparticle accelerators have pushed things pretty far, I’d be even more surprised if he made something that could produce practical/useful amounts of those heavy compounds in the chemistry sense 😂
@@johndeaux8815 yeah, in the "fascinating but kind of a bummer" category is all of these transuranics that have no practical value. Sure, Meitnerium (for example) is helpful in advancing our theoretical understanding of particle physics, and served to give Lise Meitner her long-due recognition, but we won't be solving the energy crisis with Meitnerium-ion batteries. Maybe we'll stumble across the legendary "island of stability" in my lifetime. If so, the discovery of these transuranics will have paved the way. That hope alone is justification for the quest.
@@lastbrewfan There has in fact been an island of stability discovered, but to use that analogy, it is underwater. None of them are stable elements or even particularly long lived, but elements that you would think would decay in us or ns take ms or longer to decay. The island is quite visible. Search "N Z stability curve" (you will get a chart with colors for each pixel representing one isotope of one element, with protons on one axis and neutrons on the other). There is one in the 90-100 proton range, and a harder one to spot surrounding 112 (Cn) (which even shows as having 2 isotopes with greater than 1-year half-lives)! The Wikipedia article on Island Of Stability is excellent and shows a zoom of this curve circling the 112 proton area.
Chemiolis: Hides face. What we see: (Safety) Glasses. Blue labcoat. Conclusion: Clone of the same stock NileRed came from. I am very good at science.
They all come from the same factory, just different models.
I am the secret lovechild of Ex&F and NileRed
@@ChemiolisI am disgusted yet intrigued
@@ChemiolisIdk how to react to this
@@Chemiolisbut you regularly put out videos and succeed at challenging syntheses… 🤔
When I saw the NaOh 75% go into a flask with rocks, stirring and heating, I thought, Oh this should go well...
Your channel fills a void in my chemistry heart that no amount of solvent inhalation could. Bless you
Just admit that you like huffing solvents.
Only in chemistry could you say "when dissolving rocks, if it won't go, take a hammer to it. That'll take care of it."
One could say that hammers also work to resolve layer 8 problems in IT xD
@@Syndesi Percussive maintenance fixes all issues
@@Syndesi I'm literally a network engineering and cybersecurity student right now, and we just got to that chapter! The Cisco/CompTIA materials are very thorough!
@@mryellow6918 I can never remember what movie it's from, but there's a line out there in the world that goes, "when all else fails, bang the s$&t out of it." It's practically a universal constant!
Comminution is the most important step of most extractive metallurgy.
I ordered a wand from Amazon, that was filled with a Thorium powder.
If you search for medical wand or whatever quack medical devices, you will find Thorium filled products from China being sold for very little, as they have no other market for the Thorium.
The only reason for getting the wand was to have a source of radiation to test any radiation detectors I find.
I'm a bit fan of the thought emporium, but he kinda ruined that cheap source for the rest of us!
Yep, the "negative ion wands" were a great source of ThO2
if they're quack products, why even bother filling them with thorium? just fill them with sand or something like that. it's not like the people using them are scientific enough to differentiate sand from thorium
extracting radioactive metals from rocks, this is interesting damn
There were no metals extracted, only compounds.
Cody'sLab or NileRed would have _finished_ the job the title alluded to.
@@-danR oh yea,well i meant their compounds / extracting their compounds alone from rocks which contain so many different things, my bad.
Well yes, they presumably would have. But as brilliant as they both are, I am not completely sure that they are entirely sane.
That was so fuckin cool! I had no idea you could use an organic reagent to complex an inorganic salt into being soluble in a non polar solvent. I learned so much new chem from you as always thanks so much. Youve been my new favorite chem channel since i found you with just a few hundred subs!! Also as soon as you said "boiling a 75% hydroxide solution" i was like oh shit i know whats coming next XD
Wow I thought inorganic chemistry was just some kind of conspiracy/urban legend until i've seen this video
I want rare earth jelly on my morning toast
I found a piece of uranium/radium ore that gets around 10,000 CPS not CPM..
It was in a little forest near the train station in The city of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada where I live.
There's much more hidden under the soil, I just took a few rocks..
Don't know why, but I'm starting to get some "The Young Poisoner's Handbook" vibes from this "rock series". 😉
In that case, you'll want to dial up thallium rather than thorium... or so I've heard
@@lastbrewfan If this series continues, we will probably get there eventually... 😆
Oh, that's an interesting movie.
I thought that you meant a literal book. I found one in the kids section of the library for a couple of years ago that detailed all kinds of poisons, many more than I ever heard about. Cool book
Bruh, What are they teaching our kids?@@savagesarethebest7251
@@savagesarethebest7251 Ok. Now I am just really curious. Do you remember the title?
Awesome video as always!! Just as a side note: At 6:36 you mentioned that the residue left on the filter are various lanthanide hydroxides. In fact, it is probably only Ce(OH)4 and less to no other lanthanide elements. You've adjusted the pH to 3, which would precipitate all the cerium (IV) ions since they are more acidic, but the other trivalent lanthanides stay in the solution as sulfates. The residue is also probably contaminated with sulfate salts of lanthanides, since Ln2(SO4)3 are only slightly soluble, and NaLn(SO4)2 (from your previous addition of NaOH) is practically insoluble.
The procedures I'm following all state that pretty much all RE precipitates at pH 2.3.
@@Chemiolis how can I get relatively pure thorium dioxide for a decent price?
@@Metal_Master_YTquack negative ion products from China are full of ThO2
@@Metal_Master_YT buy one of them negative ion healing packs on the internet, seems to be where all of the excess thorium is going nowadays
@@ZeroPlayerGame I'm already trying to buy something radioactive, probably not a good idea to get it from an unreliable source... I want the source that _those_ companies got it from.
funky rocks
One use of thorium metal is a device called a multi leaf collimator beam shaper that is used for proton and electron beam radiotherapy devices. Thorium is used because it doesn't emit many neutrons when hit by the beam, in contrast tungsten makes lots of neutrons from the beam.
Next video: I built a particle accelerator to make the nuclear bomb :)
Need centrifugal enrichment maitarence and metal extraction electrolisis chemical resistance vessels.
@@Nnneemo..
...don't we all!
it's all on my wish list just waiting for some random Santa..
Very nice video ^^
What you show during extraction and purification has a comercial name: THOREX in analogy to PUREX for extracting Uranium and Plutonium from fuel rods .
Quack radioactive "health" tool manufacturer: WRITE IT DOWN WRITE IT DOWN
watch him build a thorium reactor next vid
That’s one hell of a stir bar awesome job cheers
I remember Mass Effect 1 had something about polonium and maybe thorium in the radioactive bullets ammo upgrades. Also there's the thorian enemy but presumably no relation. Yum.
Thorium has quite rare feature of having +4 charge while remaining stable. Most of +4 ions hydrolize very easily, but thorium can remain in not too much extreme acidic solution for a while.
Which makes me think: Is it possible to catch thorium (as well as other metals) in EDTA complexes, slowly raise pH to a level when all hydrogens of EDTA are substituted, and then separate the complexes on the column with ion-exchange resin? Thorium complex should pass through while complexes of +3 and +2 metals should remain on the column.
Thorium is used mainly in the welding industry they add it to tungsten it helps to establish the ark!
Its also used in lantern mantles
which themselves have little uses
That is one hell of a complex. Wicked
cool video.
You need a microscope to see pleochroic halos in thin section
Oh wow the tri-butyl phosphate thorium nitrate complex is a beautiful molecule
and voila! you're on your way to putting together your very own thorium reactor. stay tuned for the reprocessing videos.
Apparently, concentrated phosphoric acid at high temperature can dissolve the REE-phosphates. It would be interesting to see a video using that technique as a comparison.
Loved this video!
I wish I could work with this pal
Thanks. This will be really useful for a little project i'm working on
Great video thanks for sharing
It is fun how lead is from something it stops amazing job great work
Good video on extracting thorium salts from ore. Prob how they refine it for reactors.
Your tumbler ball-mill idea was a good idea, but you missed TWO critical features. You needed bigger ball bearings *_AND_* you need to add WATER or soft tumbling media inside up to the level of the media and rocks (which should have filled the tumbler container about half to 2/3rds-full). The action of a ball mill requires significant weight in the crushing media so it repeatedly falls on the rocks and chips away fragments eventually grinding them to dust, and it can only do so with the chamber at LEAST halfway full to get enough height on each subsequent revolution....
....and it requires water to better suspend the crushing media and serve as a lubricant. Alternately, you could have just used multiple mineral specimens of similar hardness and they would bonk and grind one another to powder. Although then your thorium would have been more dilute, or you would have yielded much more depending on what other rocks you tossed in there. I have found in my experience a hardness of 7.5 is ideal for grinding minerals, garnets, corundum, chert, agates, quartz crystals and flint are ideal for grinding away minerals. What is left will be powdery fine sludge. *But the chamber needs to be at least half full and there needs to be water... SOMETHING (be it rocks or ball bearings) has to fill the chamber almost halfway to get the right mechanics inside.*
The teeny balls you used would just aggrigate at the bottom and roll around while the rocks repeatedly fell on them. That is why it didnt work, the mechanics happening inside were backwards. You need the balls to fall on the rocks, and enough of them to grind and crush against each other. Even when you used bigger balls, I suspect the chamber was still too empty allowing the balls to just roll around the bottom.
Love it :D comming from nuclear chemistry. Especially from a departmend with a big Uranium/Thorium research background I wanted to add: that what precipitates out when adding Sodiumhydroxide to Thorium in solution is arguably better described as ThO2 × H2O. So Thoriumdioxide hydrate (same with silver)
Maybe you left that in for Video purposes as most recognize a hydroxide more than an oxide hydrate.
(I made that mistake of writing "Th(OH)4" once and immediately got corrected by Prof.)
Chemiolis: "it is time to extract the only other radioactive element that is significantly present in the earth's crust: thorium"
Potassium: "BRUH"
Potassium is not what you would consider a radioactive element. Radioactive elements have no stable isotopes. Potassium has two of them.
@@tschadschi1010 I consider any element whose naturally occurring admixture of isotopes contains a sufficient measure of any individual radioactive isotope to make the parent natural unenriched element significantly radioactive to be a 'radioactive element'. K40 contributes ~5 terawatts of heat to the planet's interior, comprising more than a tenth of the total geological heat flux of the Earth.
232Th has a half-life of over 14 billion years and is pretty much all the thorium in the crust. 40K does have a half-life of 1.25 billion years but is only about 0.012% of the potassium in nature. True, potassium is a lot more plentiful overall so you have a point Third biggest source of radiogenic heat in Earth after 232Th and 238U. It’s up there in the sweepstakes.
What about rubidium?@@Muonium1
That Thorium complex shown a 9:00, looks crazy and almost like some sort of demon xD
Do you know what the name of that complex is?
I don't know, but its definitely biblically accurate.
They just call it thorium nitrate tributyl phosphate complex or Th(NO3)4
TBP. There’s some stick and ball 3D images online of this with other actinides
Naturally occurring demon core
Make thorium Floride to make your thorium reactor 😉
never seen TBP extraction before, thanks
9:00 This Complex is so fucking cursed.
Yes, finally, an extraction of thorium, my second favourite element after cesium
Make a video about saftey in radioactive chemestry and how you store this kind of radioactive powder, it looks scary.
Do you test for contamination before leaving the lab? What detectors do you use for this?
There are so-called "negative ion wand/nano energy alkaline water stick" for "water activation" on various e-commerce sites from Chinese sellers. These look like regular metal pens, but are actually filled with >70% Thorium oxide powder. They cost 5-10$ per piece, and may be an economical option for people wanting to do some thorium chemistry. Never ever think about buying or opening one of these if you don't have the proper safety precautions and equipment to handle radioactive dust!
thank you for sharing your file
9:03 wow beautiful lookie like a butterfly with three finger claws
next step on Chemiolis' road - graphite - uranium nuclear pile ...
Now I'm tempted to buy some thoriated tungsten rods. I don't even weld.
You need a hexagonal barrel tumbler to use as a ball mill. Otherwise the ball bearings just roll as it turns instead of tumbling.
I can’t understand why you don’t have more subscribers! You remind me of the Great Chemplayers
Can you make a video where you show all of your stir bars?
Thorium dust, don't breathe this!!!!
The tumbler won't turn your rocks into diamonds, because you are not a kid. Jeez, it says it right there on the box!
Really nice video
Where did you get TBP?
They're not rocks. THEY'RE MINERALS!!!!!!
Do be careful, Cody's lab got raided for doing very similar chemistry, except was extracting uranium.
Man... I hope Cody doesn't get locked up. Any length of sentence is probably a life sentence for him... based on the stunning amount of mercury he's subjected his body to.
@@lastbrewfanhe's had his blood tested, he's fine on mercury. And the uranium incident was many years ago, he merely had property seized and was instructed (as far as I know) not to conduct any more radioactive chemistry.
@@gnatdagnat That's good news. I know unionized mercury has very low bioavailability, but I still cringe a bit when I see it interacted with.
@@gnatdagnat Cody replied to someone in a comment that they were not happy with his tritium vials, the uranium was fine.
oh thats very surprising. i don't know enough about radiation to speculate on why that would be, but there is also the fact that his radioactivity videos including uranium extraction and refining have been aggressively stripped from the internet; i recall him asking folks not to reupload. maybe that was only a yt corporate issue not a fed. @@mernok2001
Gonna snort that shit😂
There’s a gemstone that’s somewhat radioactive and has a trashed crystal structure due to the radioactivity. Ekanite, I think, and I believe that it’s radioactive because of its thorium. I have one (I’m pretty sure) of a few carats. Monazite of good appearance is sometimes used as a gemstone too. Probably not too dangerous if you don’t wear the jewelry with the stone much.
Plus isn't this (just to a lesser extent) how Blue Topaz is made from clear, and if I remember correctly, naturally occuring (and very rare) Red Diamonds form? Because of radiation causing defects to the crystal structure and the defects interacting with light?
Hi i am afghan. Very very very very very very nice. I like this video
New actinocene to make... just dropped. Thorocene.
That Thorium complex structure looks like when chemistry starts producing petroglyphs.
“Subscribe to survive nuclear disaster”
Ah yes, the kind of disaster where this chemistry is needed, to power the thorium reactors that we’ll have built… because obviously, that’s what you do in this kind of situation ;-)
Where did the daughter Nuculides go? Were they part of what you threw away? It would be interesting to track them just to see what happened. Interestingly (I'm sure you know this but others don't) - radionuclides are used to easily track where they move. For example, radioactive phosphorous to track plant phosphorous absorption, etc, or a hospital scan (most commonly with technetium).
If I recall correctly, the Thorium Nitrate is the stuff added to silk mesh bags to create Welsbach (von Welsbach?) type mantles for gas lnterns
You are correct. When you burn the mantle (in the presence of excess oxygen, of necessity) it converts the Thorium Nitrate into the oxide.
Yup@@Rinwaldo
I don't know how the rock tumbler wouldn't work except that it would probably take a week or three.
THOREX! The optimum acidity is about 3-6 M HNO3 for max Th extraction. Back-extract with 0.05 M HNO3.
My thorium oxide is a bit off-white. It has a slight yellow tinge to it.
I have found ThO2 especially difficult to dissolve in acid. I'm kind of surprised you were able to do it here. I tried aqua regia and was only partially successful. I added a very small amount on HF (~0.1M) to my aqua regia and managed to dissolve all of it. My hypothesis is that ThO2 is similar to SiO2, glass. Glass does not dissolve in most acids, including aqua regia. This was oxude firmed a passivation layer over the thorium that was impervious to the acid.
This method, however, requires the use of a Teflon beaker to mix and heat to material.
Perhaps try neutralizing the acid with CaOH. This may neutralize the HF first and allow the thorium to precipitate first since all other metals will readily dissolve in aqua regia.
I would be interested in seeing your results
2:59 really ? why? lol! what a silly idea! 5:34 and quite a bit of Thallium...8:00 TBP oh boy.. here we go... Yeah I am not sure where you got the idea from but we should`ve talk and save glassware! cool
Don't forget thorium oxide is also used in Breaking Bad for... You know...
Can you do a cloud chamber experiment video showing different radioactive ores in the chamber
Your instructions were very clear however I am not in possession of 1.3 lbs worth. What is the best way to store this amount worth?
Cargo shorts have plenty of pockets. You'll eventually need a belt when they get heavy. Good short to medium term solution though.
Thanks for the video. Does ThO2 occur in nature?
Chemicals didn’t end up yellow = Not Ex&F… Didn’t smell or taste chemicals on camera = Not NileRed. Could this be a real scientist?
8:55 That fucking molecule though.
this is awesome!
Chemiolis, I think you would greatly enjoy the Radiacode-102 scintillator.. it can perform gamma spectroscopy on samples, and is very very sensitive to gamma. Check it out!:)
Is the concentration of the NaOH solution by weight or w/v?
8:58 Is that thing some final boss escaped from an ascii adventure game?
Your insolubles at 5:02 contain RaSO4. I don't suppose you have a fume hood with strong negative pressure to further isolate that terrible cation without killing yourself.
Organothorium chemistry?
1:24 I could see the grain on the video for this part
I hope there's a more streamlined way for refining Thorium, as Thorium Molten Salt Reactor looks the only way fission will really take off and make a difference.
Many modern wet chemistry metal refining processes are fairly complex, but are still reasonably cost effective when you do them at an industrial scale and with automation.
I did the extraction with 250 mg Pu. Was fun.
Next up: making a thorium reactor and destroying the economy 😂
Anyone got the paper of the procedures he used?
Thorium should be focused upon as the future of nuclear energy. Alas, it doesn't make for good weapons, so it's largely passed over for uranium. Humans continue to be the main impediment to the advancement of humans. 😢
Nice. Now smack it with thermal neutrons and make some U233
Now make thorium metal from the dioxide.
If he somehow extract Americium from Smoke detector then I would be freaking out so bad yet expected.
I am pretty sure, there is less than 0.01 grams of americium in one detector, such amount you can't even see with a naked eye
If I made thorium nitrate and mixed it with ethanol would thorium fulminate precipitate out? Radioactive primaries anyone? 🤔
8:56 me studying the compound from left to right side of the screen: looks pretty simple wait what is that what the fuck is that
Can you extract more other rare earth elements from ores
Mmmmmm....
_rare earth jelly_
Just don't do it at home, otherwise you can not only get radioactive contamination at home, but also get a term in prison.)))
Is it normal if when i saw the rocks i instantly got hungry? they seem tasty
Hey why don't you discover new elements
I mean, he has a lot of nice equipment, but I'll be really impressed if he whips out a particle accelerator.
@@lastbrewfanparticle accelerators have pushed things pretty far, I’d be even more surprised if he made something that could produce practical/useful amounts of those heavy compounds in the chemistry sense 😂
You should perhaps ask a couple of exploding neutron stars instead.
@@johndeaux8815 yeah, in the "fascinating but kind of a bummer" category is all of these transuranics that have no practical value. Sure, Meitnerium (for example) is helpful in advancing our theoretical understanding of particle physics, and served to give Lise Meitner her long-due recognition, but we won't be solving the energy crisis with Meitnerium-ion batteries. Maybe we'll stumble across the legendary "island of stability" in my lifetime. If so, the discovery of these transuranics will have paved the way. That hope alone is justification for the quest.
@@lastbrewfan There has in fact been an island of stability discovered, but to use that analogy, it is underwater. None of them are stable elements or even particularly long lived, but elements that you would think would decay in us or ns take ms or longer to decay. The island is quite visible. Search "N Z stability curve" (you will get a chart with colors for each pixel representing one isotope of one element, with protons on one axis and neutrons on the other). There is one in the 90-100 proton range, and a harder one to spot surrounding 112 (Cn) (which even shows as having 2 isotopes with greater than 1-year half-lives)! The Wikipedia article on Island Of Stability is excellent and shows a zoom of this curve circling the 112 proton area.
Erh, rookie question, here but: having a fairly pure solution of thorium nitrate, why didn't you just electrolyse it?
Cobalt now?
When octapheno uranocene?
1:28 was that an electrical spark in the counter exactly when it reaches 875 cpm?
Reflection of light in the plastic around the button, I saw it when filming
Where did you do your bachelor?