Why Australia Has Active Volcanoes in a Tectonically Stable Land
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- Опубліковано 11 жов 2024
- #australia #volcanoes #volcaniceruptions #sydney #nsw #victoria #queensland #brisbane #cairnes #melbourne #creswick #ballarat #daylesford #geology #geography #geological #geologicalhistory #earthscience #earthsciences #volcanology
Australia has many volcanoes that have erupted very recently. With the last eruption occurring only 5000 years ago. As many people know, Australia is tectonically stable. So, in theory, many people wouldn't expect pronounced earthquakes or volcanoes to occur here. And yet, they have, en masse, for around 31 million years. Starting in Northern queensland, and slowly working their way south over time, reaching Victoria 7 million years ago, where it transformed the land completely. Burying the ancient landscape that once existed here beneath wave after wave of lava flow.
This is the story of Australia's volcanism and is a great example of intraplate volcanism.
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OzGeology is an Australian-based UA-cam channel that specializes in creating high-quality documentaries on Earth sciences and natural disasters. The content is designed to be easy to digest and covers a wide range of topics, not only focusing on geology but occasionally exploring other scientific areas as well.
Correction: The recent volcanic eruptions did not construct the Undara Lava tubes in Queensland. They did however erupt a basalt layer there 19 million years ago, and I got the two confused! Whoops!
There are lots of lava tubes in the Western District of Victoria, the ones beyond Mt Napier are huge, you could easily fit double story houses into them, while the lava tubes at Mt Eccles are fairly small and there are plenty of others between those sizes.
Ahhh, look breccias breccia basalt, basalt. What's an
.L..Tube or two between friends of Geology
I grew up in Orange….we were told Mt Canobolas was an extinct volcano 🌋
Didn't mention the coastal volcanoes, Glasshouse Mtns, Mt Warning only inland ones.
@@yuk-erkmckirk9277 See his video from two weeks ago, The Volcanic Glass House Mountains in Queensland
Mate . I'm 53.. and had to read about this sort of stuff in the library not the classroom.. thanks for educating us fellow Aussies and others 😁
My pleasure mate! Thanks for watching! So glad you're getting something outta this!
I’ve lived in Melbourne for nine years after moving from Asia. I’ve never heard of this. It’s fascinating stuff. Good job……
I agree with the school system in Australia doesn't teach you anything about Australian volcanism. I have always been very interested in Australian volcanoes. Keep up the amazing work 😃
I do it every year in my 9 science class!
That's awesome 😎. I wish my teachers taught me that when I was in highschool many years ago
We learned about it every single year, in Mount Gambier, SA.
@@belindawright4482 that's awesome 😎. The only way I have found out volcanism where I am (Central Coast NSW) is through my own research with mates. I would have to ask my son if he ever got taught anything about Aussie volcanoes when he went to school, but not sure if he would have paid attention 🤣🤣.
@@belindawright4482 That's great - but I would hope so. You can't get much more volcano-y than "The Mount"!
Clicks like before even watching because OzGeographics never fails to deliver awesome content!
Loving the videos, thank you!
Do you have plans for a video on the geological history of the Murray? It's an interesting subject ... Barmah Choke, Cadell Fault, Lake Bungunnia, alternate courses etc ...?
Thank you!
Sure do! Got one on a major damming of it that occurred, along with a few others planned. :)
Heating of rocks below the surface is aided by their radioactivity, and many of the thermal springs have their origin. Dalhousie springs in flinders ranges SA is a prime example as well as heated springs across the east. There is a chain of volcanic peaks down the coast as well starting with mt warning, conobolis west of orange nsw and the New England batholith composed of granite is another to add to the collection. I think many of these were fissure eruptions similar to Iceland today, the hills have eroded into valleys leaving the hard rock on the top.
✌️ thanks for teaching me so many’s things I had no idea about but plenty of interest in
Any time!
I remember we covered Australian volcanism in high school (1990-94) to the extent that we had a week long science camping excursion to the warrumbungles. I also remember briefly covering my Gambier in year 11.
HI FROM NORTHERN NSW TABLE LANDS,our town of Guyra were I live is built on a volcano,a caldera to be precise and it rumbles every now an then the uni at Armidale monitors it,an just south at uralla there's an old volcano that rumbles to
Mt Warning has also rumbled in the early 90s
love the content, keep up the good work 👍
Glad you enjoy it! Will do!
Your channel just showed up for me, so hopefully the algorithm is working in your favour. These videos are brilliant! Keep it up!
I just love Tower Hill close to Warrnambool Vic. The crater is massive.Thank you for the video.
Where do you guys come up with all these weird assed names?
So I guess the composition of the continental crust in VIC is thinner or more uniform in composition compared to NSW/QLD?
Great video as usual.
Sure is! Much more thinner, stretched, and highly faulted!
Amazing
Few million years... But I want a volcano now....
The evidence shows eastern Australian volcanism is episodic. There likely will be more eruptions but on scales of hundreds of thousands or millions of years so don't hold your breath.
The only spot where real-estate investments could be at risk (albeit remotely) is Mt Gambier. That one is listed as dormant.
They need a big volcano in Canberra
@@donbrashsux 😂😂😂
@gbraggs-gp1sf But we get those all the time... Clearly Mt Warning needs to pop it's lid ... Like next week or something...
@G Braggs I’m not partial .. they’re all the same
Fascinating video. Sorry I missed it when it went live last night.
No pressure at all, Eric! Thanks for the support as always ☺️
Awesome video brother 👍
Glad you enjoyed my bro!
The Galapagos Island Chain is I believe formed over a hot spot and you can clearly see the progression of the islands as they emerge from the sea, cool, weather and become habitable for different animals and then begin to submerge under the ocean again.
Mark from Melbourne Australia
Enjoying all the new videos
So glad to hear that! Lots more to come :)
I am interested in the Blue Lakes near Mt Gambier SA.
They look like crater lakes to me. Could you confirm this or otherwise?
Yup, these are crater lakes :)
Yep craters.
I was living in mordialloc in melbourne and felt that shake that centered round Kosiosko around 81 82 living in nova scotia now, very interesting geology here we live on a bassalt mountain here that runs clear into the bay of Fundy Cheers
Thanks for this, so interesting!!! But I disagree with the first thirty seconds, that disasters like tsunamis don't occur here. Decades ago, my kids' primary school excursions included a visit to the high water mark of a tsunami, 150m high, near Sydney. Several of our neighbours are capable of generating these. Interesting vid: Vanuatu's volatile volcanoes: the danger on Australia's doorstep | 7NEWS Spotlight.
And another: The Coming Megaquake in New Zealand, by Out There Learning
Very true! Although at least it's a different situation to something that'd happen to Japan, which I'm definitely thank for haha! Thanks for watching, Susan!
If these neighbors do generate such tsunamis then you should sue them for damages.
In FNQ near the 7 sisters, we do touch on volcano systems and drive past them all the time. Up here they pronounce Undara as "u" in umbrella. They get booked out fast during holidays, if you want to see them and have a tour, plan ahead.
Hey mate, nice video. I was told in Year 8 science that there is a dead volcano at Bondi beach. And to compare, the bushfires we had 2019-2020 did way far more damage (and good) than any volcano we have ever known...let alone the droughts, floods and all the other shit we have gone thru in the last few decades.
I got taught that the Barossa Valley and Hunter Valley were fertile due to hot spot volcanoes by my Dad. That you could track the ancient volcanic activity by following the mountain ranges and the fertility of the local area. I couldn’t find anything during school to support that Australia had volcanic activity and I hated it, gimme Aussie Volcanos!
Interesting. I always wondered about this. Now I know
I’d settle for a medium sized one in Canberra.
Oh, ok, so it is real, all good. You should have Cosgrove in the title perhaps in brackets to help with when a search of videos on your channel video page is carried out with key words like Cosgrove could help find related videos would be helpful I think, anyways thanks for the videos.
Finally! Something other than boring old fire and floods to worry about! Yay!
Good video but you didn't mention how, where or what was the cause of the last eruption 5000 years ago in South Australia? Was waiting to hear about it maybe it's in the next video??
Oh that's because this was just about the hotspot, not so much the individual volcanoes but if you'd like to read up on it the place is called Mount Gambier. The eruption formed a caldera lake. The cause of its explosivity was the magma mixed with shallow ground water, flashed to steam and exploded ferociously. Cheers Gav! Thanks for watching mate!
In terms of the most recent, Mount Gambier is dated around 4500 years ago, I think Mount Burr near Millicent is something like 4700 years ago, and Mount Shank and Mount Muirhead about 5000 years ago, all in south-eastern South Australia. There are other volcanoes that may be less well known in the area as well, such as Lake Leake and Lake Edward just near Glencoe, and Mount Macintyre (from memory, these are older at something more like 20000 years ago).
A suggestion that comes to mind is the Mount Rouse volcano near Penshurst in Victoria might be worth considering for inclusion in an episode (forgive me if you've done it and I missed it), with it's 60+km long lava flows going all the way to the coast. I think Mount Rouse scoria cone is dated to about 1.8 million years ago, which I think would make it one of the first major eruptions in the second phase of activity in the Newer Volcanics Province.
This was the source of the basalt all the way down at Port Fairy - the Moyne river itself being a collapsed large lava tube - with very young limestones (a few hundred thousand years, such as at The Crags) just a few kilometers west and older limestone (I think something like 15 million years ago) a few kilometres to the east. To flow this distance, the lava moved through lava pipes that provide insulation, but there are few known caves because it seems the lava kept piling up behind as it cooled so the pipes remained filled. The main lava flows came from the lower crater (where there's a swampy small lake now), surrounded with obvious results of lava splatter, rather than the somewhat more impressive higher crater to the side of the scoria cone, which did produce some lava flows to the west but mostly produced ash and tuff.
The top of Mount Rouse scoria cone, where there's stairs from the car park to a bench just near the telecommunications tower, offers fantastic views all around, including across the undulating basalt plains to other volcano peaks, and across Penshurst to the south-eastern spur of the Grampians. Oh, and Penshurst has some gardens around ponds where there's local sporting facilities, which is formed by a permanent spring formed by spaces underground in the lava flows.
The strangest part with the hotspot model, is that despite the fact that it should be far away from the hotspot if it was a singular one, Queensland is still active with several volcanic features of Holocene age placing the youngest volcanoes in Australia in both the south as well as in Queensland like Kinrara. Probably some pieces of the puzzle missing
The first i ever heard of Vulcanism was watching Star Trek
Never laughed harder this term!
wouldn't it be amazing if some volcanic islands suddenly appeared in Bass Straight? Thanks for your great content
Would be so awesome! Thanks for watching :)
Pretty bad if you live on King Island, but it would be exciting to watch from afar.
Agree. It would be the most exciting Bass Straight event since Frederic Valentich vanished.
Don’t we have a huge amount of crude oil stores tapped in the Strait? Or am I confusing them with the ones in the Bight? Because those would become underground nukes if super heated, right?
@@DragonHuntress404 Most of the oil and gas was in the eastern part of Bass Strait (off Gippsland), although a lot has been extracted already. However there are also offshore gas wells in the western part of Bass Strait near the Western District volcanoes... also a bit of onshore gas around the town of Timboon, although extracting it has been restricted by the government in the last decade or so.
Didn’t even know we had active volcanoes here 😳
I was taught way back in primary school that the glasshouse mountains were volcanic plugs. That was back in the late 80’s
I have learned since turning 60, that Australia has most volcanoes but their all declassified. Even while at Uni, Ayres Rock was the font of a volcano and that the Olgas were volcanic but UA-camrs let me know that they are not. I suppose I’ll have to do some field work. Vic🇦🇺⛏👍🏼
there could be three hotspots cosgrove hotspot, east australia hotspot, western vic hotspot .
would the volcanic field would larger from mt gambier to melbourne to bass strait and tasmania.
I teach High School science. i guarantee that I teach Australian volcanism.
The best example is the 11000 year old explosion near Geelong, which was even recorded in local indigenous stories (allowing me to add the required indigenous links and context to my teaching). Alternatively, the Glasshouse mountains are a great example of ancient volcanism.
Thankfully we have people like you. Great job mate, wish I had you as a teacher when I was in high school!
Toowoomba is an extinct volcano, Sunshine( Melbourne) suburb, is another. There are hundreds in Australia. Many in Victoria
You appear to have forgotten Mount Shank, and Mount Gambier, Australia's (main land) Youngest / most recently erupted volcanoe's. Mount Gambier fits nicely into your theory of subsequent lake formation, Mount Shank not at all, do you find this interesting / unusual, considering their near proximity to each other, and possible extension of your map of Victorian volcanic activity?
gambier
I wasn't really aiming to name specific volcanoes, but moreso to explain why Australia has this occurring.
I believe that the town of Koroit in Victoria is the only town in Australia with an emergency evacuation plan for volcanic activity.
Great video and I hope we don't see any volcanoe activity down here in Oz whilst I still am alive lmfao...........
H.Rock is also o e of my favs too! Cool, eh! Volcanism RockS
🌋⚡🌋
wasn't there a earthquake in Australia a few years ago knocked over a deck chair? Didn't take us long to rebuild from that one. However the mental anguish was huge.
😂😂 mate I remember that one. Couldn't sit down n have a cold one for a few arvos. The pain and agony of that 🍻
The Newcastle earthquake was devastating to many..😢
Just blowing off steam
Mount Elephant, appears as a pimple on the horizon of an otherwise flat terrain in south-eastern Victoria. The surrounds for many kilometres are covered in small dirty pumice. A very lightweight rock, part of the ejecta from a volcano. Which clearly was the origin of Mount Elephant. Elsewhere, having grown up in Tullamarine, the plateau consists of clay on a layer of volcanic rock, which contains many air bubbles about its structure. These became evident when sewerage systems were first installed in 1973. Practically every garden suddenly developed rock gardens following the work. Probably saving costs for the project, no doubt?
We went and looked at old basalt flows at school...
i'm up in central QLD and we are basically surrounded by dead volcanos Mt Jim crow a 14 km chain of lumps , Roslyn bay big ass basalt crystals , and Mt hay that has thundereggs
Were the crater lakes on the Atherton Tablelands in Queensland formed from volanic activity from this hotspot. Is that why the soil is so good on the tablelands?
How does Tasmanian volcanic places such as 'The Nut' at Stanley fit into this?
It’s interesting that the volcanos all down the eastern coast and into Victoria also seem to be bordering the great artesian basin, is that possibly the water source, when it’s full and due to all the bores sunk into it it’s no longer filling completely
Hey OzG, Is this an ancient caldera near Beechworth VIC.. Drove through it today on the way from Myrtleford to Beechworth. Is centered on the Bowman-Murmungee Fire Station (-36.44452416462432, 146.64269318018273) Looks to be distinctively circular in shape. Steep rim walls on three sides. 8-10km in diameter. If not a volcanic caldera, what might be its origin?
Never heard that there were volcanos in Australia and I also live here.
In Hobart the Cadbury factory sits on a peninsula who's beach is covered in volcanic rock.
In the mid to late 70s I learnt about Victorian volcanoes in schools, some even pointed out on excursions. However we were taught that west central Vic was a earthquake safe/free area.. Go figure. 🤷♀️
Well that’s interesting, but it seems that you all missed the 3 volcanos down in the south east of south Australia , mt shank and mt gambier. Also know as the Bluelake and valley lakes. And as I’m sure mt shank is a dormant volcano which use to be mined for minerals until it started to get hot . In the past 10 years they have closed the mine .
That’s a little concerning isn’t it, but who knows when our volcanoes will blow their tops next
What about the mountain range in Canberra,specifically the Tuggeranong Valley,the name Tuggeranong is supposed to mean surrounded by mountains, we have what's supposed to be volcanoes.
What!!! I live in thee creswick area and didnt even know about that!!
That's if I don't get there first mwah hahaha
Does that mean we'll get an island chain trailing off south from Tassie?
Byaduk Vic, has some interesting collapsed tubes, don't go on a hot day.
So if the hot spot is under bass straight why are there no volcanoes there or are there some that I don’t know about.
1:46 looks like rock art - a kangaroo
Volcanos also have fertalisation benefits, yet we have none. They aren’t all bad
Did the Taupo NZ eruption cause any damage to Australia?
I doubt it did directly but the ash cloud and the effects from the fallout would've impacted Australia for sure!
@@OzGeologyOfficial Kaimanawa "wall" by Taupo is covered with it. What evidence of extinction could be a result. Obviously man? Maybe not wildlife.
As an Aussie, I’ve never heard one erupting so thank you
is there a volcano currently erupting in oz??
Since I was a kid Ive always looked at the bass straight on a map and thought.. it looks like a huge volcano exploded and separated tassie from victoria.. and that maybe scientists don't know about it bc theres a coral reef on top of the remains.. 😂 at least I know now.. I wasnt far off with the feeling theres a volcano there somewhere.. 😂
When a volcano erupts what fills the gap from where the lava came from?
The Australian town I live in. Was built inside an extinct volcano.
What about Mt hope North victpria
I love your shows, but you concentrate on nsw or victoria. How about concentrating on FNQ, Atherton tablelands and surrounds, for me, dive in DEEP. Hell you could make an hour long show up here.!!!!!
Getting to it! Sticking with what I know for the time being haha.
@@OzGeologyOfficial Your work is awesome brother.If my daughter has a assignment to do with this,I will be showing my daughter your videos.Thank you
Active volcanoes in Australia??
Huh huh lived here for nearly 52 years and have never heard of any.
Awesome vid :) being in the northern hemi, i've always wondered about the southern. Looking at maps/scans, it looks like S. America/Antarctica were connected. You can see multiple calderas in the island chain. It, also, looks like a massive earthquake, or something, struck Antarctica (maybe in a time when hominids were able to cross). When seas were lower, there was more land in the s hemi until, it looks like, a massive tsunami struck (splatter/scatter patterns along the sea floor, chevrons/flooding patterns across land masses coming up from south), pre younger-dryas (?). As for northern. Biblical floods sounds like ice dams/calving/floods in the Aral/Black Sea area where..something?..struck. Just a curiousity :) plus..could explain the similarities between ppl's that would need E.T. help to visit e other XD
Yep, south America, Antarctica and Australia were once connected. That's why they have common tree genus's like Nothofagus (southern beech) and animals like marsupials in South America, Australia and fossils of both in Antarctica.
You can use geochemical techniques on basalt to see whether it was a straight ascension or incorporated country rock into the melt. Good examples of country rock incorporation include Ruapehu in Nz, which melts country rock and incorporates ‘xenoliths’ into its eruptives. Usually the crystals in the rock tell all
you missed the newzealand subplate.
I’m sorry you grew up in the Australian education system. So did I and it took me 35 years to break free
You went to wrong school. I learnt about Australia's volcanoes at school.
I got told they were all extinct.
3 minute intro? Are you fing serious?
Calm down. It's a two minute intro to a 9 minute video and it's a loaded topic.
We have volcanoes???
why do they not teach this in ozzy schools
But it is inside the ring of fire. Look for many differant changes going on..!!
Who's this bloody Basalt you keep seeing 🤷🏼
Your knowledge should be taught in schools
Sounds like you grew up in Bundaberg 😂
there's hot spots all thru that area
Coulston Lakes comes to mind
@@ninjamoves3642 Coalstoun but I knew what you meant , I've been there . "The Hummock" in Bundaberg is also a volcanic remnant .
@@Gordon_L gold all around those hotspots
evermore
are we sure is wasn't just Aliance blowing up dumbs to save children
high school,was drumming out ant music til i got stood in th hallway, and ended up on emu parade..french?rubbish...at least the geography teacher liked to spank me with the metre ruler..i still say gibber plain not gibber...
Did u live in the middle of nowhere lmao
Yup haha. By choice too.
Lol, in this week's episode of "scientists are making it up as they go along" Australia has volcanoes that don't fit any explanation of tectonic science.
lmao okay buddy. It's obvious you didn't watch the whole thing or you would've seen this being mentioned 😂😂
Some people honestly.
Lol look at new zealand
Australia is NOT stable at all , especially in western australia where we've had 7 local siemic earthquakes in the Kalgoorlie Boulder western Australia region. And NO none oftheseismiceventswerethecause of mining as each event was over 15 km vertical below the surface. So you thumbnail title is misleading.
U failed to mention LSVPs laver Tubs they they are all over the planet
CLICK BAIT!!!!
I have to return Hanging Rock again for some bouldering 🤫 Climbing is not legally permitted 😶 The best activities have authoritative limitations of flexibility 👌
Agreed and agreed! I may or may not have engaged in that activity many years ago.
I sent you a small $ donation towards the crusher project 👌 Hopefully it will help 🙏