Tracking Time: The Julian to Gregorian Calendar Transition Explained | Neil Degrasse Tyson
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- Опубліковано 27 тра 2023
- Join Neil deGrasse Tyson on the Joe Rogan Experience as he delves into the fascinating history of the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Discover how the leap day and the subtle differences in tracking Earth's seasons led to the need for calendar modifications. Learn about the role of Jesuit priests in developing the accurate and widely-used Gregorian calendar, including the bold move of removing ten days from the calendar. Gain insights into the astronomical considerations and the significance of timekeeping in this thought-provoking discussion.
Imagine you have an assignment due in 11 days and now it's due tomorrow 😂😂
Good joke, but it would still be in 11 days only different date.
💀💀💀
for context, joe asked what was tyson's birthdate
Now the joke makes sense
Truth 😂
Don't you grow tired of copying the same joke over and over?
what does it mean?
Isaac Asimov wrote that he lost some days when Russia changed calendars. He wanted those days back.
Even if some numbers were skipped in calendar change the days of the week still came in order from 1st through 7th day of the week kept in order.
And because of that change, my wife (born on Feb 29th) and mother-in-law have battled for 39 years over what day to celebrate my wife’s birthday on non-leap years.
It should be whatever day your wife wants to celebrate it on.
@@dragons_red I agree with you. The discussion never gets beyond a specific impasse. My wife says it should be March 1st because she hadn’t arrived yet on the 28th. My mother-in-law says it should be the 28th because she wasn’t still pregnant in March. I stay out of it because it predated my membership in the family.
The Vernal Equinox was originally April 1st and that was the beginning of the year. People that believed the year should start at the Vernal Equinox were called April Fools. No, I'm not kidding. This really happened.
nobody thought you were kidding
This makes sense as to why Christians celebrate Christmas around the new year. The bible mentions Jesus was born around tax time which has always been around April since at least the Roman empire.
@@Mike-uh5xl The main reason is they wanted a celebration to replace the traditional winter solstice.
@@patrickkeller2193 the main reason is that the Romans forced to be at that time because they wanted the Christians to assimilate. By force if needs be.
@@Mike-uh5xl Jesus was born to take our money
He's explaining that entirely wrong. The amount of time it takes us to go around the sun and return to the same solstice (or equinox) iS EXACTLY one year BY DEFINITION and the seasons last EXACTLY the length of time between a solstice and an equinox BY DEFINITION. The reason for the drift from Julian to Gregorian was simply that the number OF ROTATIONS of the planet during that constant/defined time IS NOT exactly 365&¼. It's A LITTLE LESS than that -- so every 20th qudrennium or so, you DON'T need a leap day. Over the intervening millennium, the Julian calendar had had 10 too many, so they came up with a more complicated rule to have 9 fewer -- per millennium.
Substitute “one” for “Vine” and this will be perfect, I think.
Except he wasn't focusing on leap days, he was talking about the entire process of going from Julian to Gregorian.
But I agree what he says is a garbled mess, especially for a guy who makes his living explaining things.
@@dragons_red the need to go from Julian to Gregorian WAS ALL about leap days -- that's THE ONLY thing it was about. The Julian calendar became wrong BECAUSE it had too many leap days and the Gregorian one became right BY ELIMINATING some of them. That other stuff he was talking about was WRONG.
Well said!
fun fact. Julius Caesar was poltifex maximus while on campaign in Gaul. his office was responsible for tracking and correcting the then calendar to account for these known discrepancies. it was so jacked up even before he took office and then neglected it to go on his adventures, that part of why he was able to so quickly take Rome was the senate thought it was still the end of winter and not the beginning of spring.
one of the first things Caesar did as dictator was bring a famous mathematician from Alexandria and create the Julian calendar.
bro exploited the game then immediately patched it.
That’s not true, the calendar was a part of Caesar’s March on Rome and the Roman Civil War but certainly not in the way you described it
@@Berchh I'm relating a story that was told to me with more detail, I'll happily go back and cite, but I'll also happily be corrected by you. I don't want to be dishonest.
You're basically correct minus the typo (Pontifex Maximus not poltifex). The only thing I would say is that it wasnt his ability to take rome so quickly that was affected by the calendar, it was going after Pompey and sailing across to Macedonia after he had already taken Italy. Caesar sailed in what the calendar said was early January when in reality it was still autumn. So Pompey's fleets were in winter waters/ports and not expecting him to cross. I could be wrong about the time of year, it may have been spring rather than autumn, but the point is that it wasn't winter which is what Pompey thought it was. I don't know exactly what the other guy said you were way off about, apart from some very minor details.
Cheers man :)
@@sirrebralpalsy6542 you say he’s basically correct and then state why he’s not correct, c’mon man
No, the biggest change in the Julian calendar was that the Pontifus Maximus (who at that time was Julias Ceasar) couldn't add days in for political reasons (Ceasar was a master at this), because it hurt the calendar.
I figured out how to do the Rain Man's day of the week trick, for the Julian and the Gregorian from 01/1/0001 onwards. Takes me a second or two.
There's a challenge for anyone who fancies it.
It is easier to explain that the julian calendar has too many leap years because 1 year is not equal to 365.25 days. That slight difference in the hundredths place is enough for the julian calendar to be 1 day out of sync every (less than) 400 years.
Now the gregorian calendar do not make leap years in the years that ends with 00 but are indivisible by 400.
Close but wrong. It's 365.2425,
The .24 give us the leap day, the .0025 takes it away once every 400 years
And what you wrote isn't "easier" to explain, he wasn't talking specifically about the leap day, he was talking how the julian calendar became the Gregorian calendar which involved more than the leap day thing
@@dragons_red i mean thousandrhs, sorry my bad
Damn, it’s tight in here.
You can’t slip. Seems like that red dragon was overheating
What’s the latest? Y’all still beefin?
Moved January and February to the front of the year. Got rid of intercalary months. I believe it also adjusted the length of the months.
Joe: when's your bday?
Neil:
The Roman calendar with which Julius Caesar started was legally alterable by Senate vote at whim; a good month according to the pontiffs (a group of politically connected priests, of which Caesar had become the leader, the Pontifex Maximus) might be extended by vote, and a month of Ill fortune shortened. Neil forgot to mention the longest year ever, when the Roman mess of a calendar had to catch up to its “correct” settings, which was over 400 some days long. Apparently the pontiffs kept playing around with the leap day, and so it took until about 24 BC before things reverted to Julius Caesar’s original plan.
the Jewish calendar has been adding a leap month according to a certain schedule, because Exodus says Passover must always fall in the spring. This has been in use for about 2000 years.
Neil seems like he’d be great at parties, but really it would be a massive pain getting stuck with the guy who wants to explain everything
Only if you don't have a thirst for knowledge.
If we take other calendars as reference .....its hard to calculate ecclipses timings accuracy....future astronomical predictions...in accurate
gregorian calendar only accounts the leap years and timings...
(only who knows about time can understand this)
Julius and Augustus both wanted a month and added July and August to the gregorian calendar. It's why December means 10 but is thr 12th month. Idk what Tysons on about lol. Its like he's just skirting over this.
Sept mean 7, Oct mean 8, Nov mean 9 and Dec means 10., these corresponds to hindu calender where sept, oct, nov and dec corresponds to 7,8,9 and 10th month respectively
Never let them tell you that the religious don't do science. In fact the Catholic church is responsible for practically making science a thing.
No, just like health care, they USED to ĺp
@@mandelorean6243 ĺp ?
Can you make video on other calenders , like the one we use in India😊
Jesuit priests do the work, Pope Gregory stamps his name in the improved calendar.
Sounds like every day management to me.
Even the Jesuit Priest involved is more of an indirect role in this. The Gregorian calendar is several steps deep of different astronomers making proposals, building up off of each other culminating in the full proposal by Aloysius Lilius, that was then handed off to clerical bodies, defended and carried to fruition by the Jesuit Christopher Clavius.
this is why the leap year has one day added, which is why February has 29 days instead of 28 days
Every four years unless it's a double zero year in which case there is no Leap day, tho there is a leap day on Triple zero years we just had one in the year 2000
@@berts558 No, it’s not about the number of zeros…
Every four years, we have a leap day. On century years, we remove the leap day. Every 400 years, however, we keep the leap day. The year 2000 had a leap day, not because of it having “triple zeros,” but because it was a year evenly divisible by 400. The year 1600 was the same, and the years 2400, 2800, and 3200, etc. will play out exactly the same way.
To put this in perspective: they created a calendar accurate for at least 10000 years WHILE THEY STILL THOUGHT THE SUN ORBITED THE EARTH.
Well the math worked the same either way, the only real difference is that instead of elliptical orbits around the Sun, the other planets had loop-de-loop looking orbits around the Earth.
@@tonydai782 Yeah the crazy thing is that that's why the Church didn't believe Galileo. As hideously complicated as their current theory (with everything orbiting the Earth) it DID actually coincide with observations. Galileo's did not, because he assumed the orbits were circular instead of elliptical.
This isn't why they persecuted him tho, they persecuted him because he talked mad shit about the Pope LOL
The time it takes the aert to go around the sun is t 365.256 days. .25 is handled by the leap day but that .006 did accumulate, hence the need for the Gregoian adjustment. Now Leap years aren't recognized in EVERY year divisible by 4, Only in years that is a multiple of 4 (except for years evenly divisible by 100, but not by 400)
And when thay said we're going to skip the counting of ten days to make the calendar right, a lot of people thought that they were having the dats stolen from them
At least most of them were actually illiterate.
Illiterate means you can't read, it has nothing to do with understanding a concept.
so basically everyones age before 1584 was actually older because we removed 10 days, that really screws up the mathematics, also if the Julian calendar was right that means we are actually younger by 10 days per year.
What if the problem was not the seasons, but the holidays? Using the moon or sun or stars to create a calendar that correlates with our beliefs, we will always adjust. There was a whole lot of sun worship going around, so whose to say that they did not change rhe calendar just so these holidays fall relatively on the same day?
Do you know of Þorsteins Surtur calender? It was rather precise.
cool name
Who are you talking to with this question?
Joe originally was just asking him when will he pays him back for that 10 bucks Neil borrowed years ago.
these smart guys really are the disinformation kings imagine what the world could create if they were educated with the truth and were prepared or even allowed to share it with the world
So we switched from tracking how long it takes to go around the sun, to tracking seasons changing. What causes the seasons to change again?
he got mixed up somewhere, the sun year and the seasons line up exactly, The calendar doesn't, because the sun year doesn't complete at the same time it starter but six hours later.
The Julian Calendar is still used by some parts of the Easter Orthodox Church.
Baloney! So a quarter of a day makes all the difference between Winter and Summer?!
Here in the UK we still have to put the heater on 5 June 2023!
Why does such a 'clever' man come up with crap like this?
Ten days took a bite out of February
Hi Mr.Neil , may I ask why u haven’t made any vid about Indian calendar? And the invention of the number 0 by Indians?
What about the original 10 months?
Sept=7
Oct=8
Nov=9
Dec=10
Julius Augustus Caesar…. July August
I have a question. I don't watch or listen to JRE, except on YT. One thing I do know is that NDT is on the show A LOT. Does Joe have a Tyson Tuesday or something?
ALLELUIA
So if you're trying to figure out somebody's birthday who was born before 1584 you're going to need to know this to figure out what day they were actually born on.
eg. Sir Isaac Newton was born on Christmas Day what is birthday was by the modern calendar January 4th I believe
The process of going around the sun results in one extra revolution of the earth.
Roatation. Revolution IS the one year movement around the sun.
Back when Jesuits were based
How about 1k years to the Calander
The question was what dating format does he prefer.
13 months at 28 days 364 days a year
I will always use BC and AD. Period...
thanks for the update
You deserve a special place in heaven
Here he goes again. Mr overdramatic who tries to shock us with simple facts that we learned in junior high school if we paid attention.
When is your birthday,, how much time you got?
One mistake: the Gregorian calender was introduced in 1582.
there is more than just one mistake in this video
Anybody else getting really tired of these "Rock Star "professors running around with their "I'm smart" let me spout off some reading comprehension skills? The Michio Ku Ku is annoying also.
(From Animal House)
Gigantic Dude : Do you mind if we dance with your dates?
So are we actually living more in the future?
We need a leap month to get the seasons back inline with the calendar months.
Calendars before that also accounted for that problem - by not having any months for a quarter of a year. In terms of accuracy, that is still superior solution
That sounds really stupid.
@@marcanton5357 So?
@@jankom.7783 I kind of like it, like just do it in summer and we all have one big vacation XD
I think NDT got his info all wrong.
The Islamic Hijri calendar is the most accurate.
Ain't that right, NDT?
Well for ramadan or other religious purpose, hijri calendar is good. But for season change, i don't think so.
Wow, I did not know that.
...seriously..what about modern day was not influenced by passive aggressive paganism. Think about it. Halloween, Santa, April fools, days of the week are based off of norse gods, king Arthur is actually Christian cuchulainn, ect.
That's not true, it's the difference between days and orbits. not seasons.
The Jewish calendar has remained unchanged since about 900 AD. And it's correct, I believe, to about1 second. Sorry, Pope Gregory.
The Jewish calendar is Lunar, therefore it is inherently wrong compared to the Sun and Solar calendars, which most advanced Iron Age cultures have gone towards.
Sorry, DeerlyMusical2.
It doesn't match with seasons
The sky is a complex thing, so I have to ask: accurate to about 1 second with respect to what? The solar year? The tropical year? The sidereal year? The lunar year? The Jovian opposition year? The Christmas Island crab migration year?
These things do not coincide, so statements about a calendar's accuracy have no meaning without this context.
Even maintaining an integral number of days in a calendar year will guarantee that the calendar will drift from one year to the next by a substantial fraction of a day. So unless the Jewish calendar celebrates New Year's at 4:41AM on December 30th (or other times that are not midnight on December 31), I guarantee it's off by more than a second.
Your omniscient perroration is idiotically illogical. OF COURSE the cyclic orbit and the seasons co-incide. Careful listening to your exact words reveals NO stated difference between Julian and Gregorian. You incorrectly indicate that Julian DID have "leap year". But you make No mention of the day every 400 years.
This is the worst explaination of anything by someone who makes their living explaining things.
And NGT just answered the question "How do we figure out exactly how long it takes the Earth to go around the Sun?" with "A year!" 🤔
or you throw out all the ego/nationalist/religious based calendars, and start using the logical 13 month calendar...the current calendars are simply stupid.
And even the Gregorian calendar is wrong, lol
Stop the discussion and use the Iranian calendar already !!
Damn, dude. I don't even have the attention span to make it thru a short clip.
Sorry ndt I'm out. Its u it's not me
February 30
It’s still off. We’re going to have to skip a month at some point.
Who were the jesuitz priest sounds wickidly evilish🤘😈
"I just him asked what today's date was 😢"
Wait till you learn about the Vedic calendar.
It's trash.
@@marcanton5357 Wrong
@@DLites151 Prove it.
smug popular science guy impresses everyone with a mix of pure misinformation and some half-truths
It's when you look up and realize they all have pagan names. Silly Cretin.
So in regular ppl language we're F*****d
In regular language, the Gregorian calendar is better than the Julian calendar.