Basic PLC Instructions (Full Lecture)
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- Опубліковано 5 лют 2025
- In this lesson we'll define the make, break, and output enable instructions common to most PLCs as well as differentiate between electrical continuity as required by traditional hardwired relay based ladder logic and logical continuity as required by most PLCs. Pay attention to this lecture as it establishes fundamental ground rules about common PLC program instructions that, if misinterpreted, can be disastrous. (Full Lecture)
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This being said, this UA-cam channel is meant to be the sole point of distribution for this lecture. Users are not authorized to download it, change it, or charge for access. Don’t even think of downloading it and uploading to your own channel and pretending it’s your own work. Not cool. Use this lecture and let your friends know this free resource exists.
Use it. Don't steal it. Be cool.
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For more FREE online technical training check out the following playlists available at the bigbadtech channel:
DC Circuit Analysis • DC Circuit Analysis
Single Phase AC Circuit Analysis • Single Phase AC Circui...
3 Phase AC Circuit Analysis • 3 Phase AC Circuit Ana...
Hydraulics • Hydraulics and Electri...
Pneumatics • Pneumatics
Motor Control • Motor Control
Motors and Generators • Motors and Generators
Motor Drives/Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) • Motor Drives
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Programmable Logic Con...
The 8 states considered from 21:10 are very simple if you put it in a written table and mark the columns according to their "Normal" "Deactivated" or "Activated" states. What must upset first timer electricians is that they probably don't get taught or don't have an inclination to learn about simple digital electronic switching. One would think it should be a compulsory part of an electrician's study syllabus.
When I see this, I think truth tables.
True dat. (no pun intended) I've got some older lectures on digital at the "cgcclive" channel. The break instruction can be thought of as negation.
Thanks, Jim!
Indeed. It's trivial but yet referred to as something that "will blow your mind". No, really, it won't. It's just an
IF switch 1 input=0
THEN switch 1 output=1
What the hell is so complicated about that?
In first year they teach physical relay logic for essentially the entire practical course. In third year they give us a few days of PLC. It's bass backwards. These videos are brilliant.
Hallelujah!! I knew he was out there somewhere, the guy who can ACTUALLY explain this in a logical and concise manner... you are THAT guy. No unnecessary rambling!! Thank you!!!
Jim, your presentation of basic PLC programming is so crisp and articulate, right to the point. Simply genius! God Bless you!
I'm an electrician just jumping into the automation/controls side of things and here teaching myself how to program when work is slow. Thank you so much for providing such well explained classes on YT for free. Definitely have to mentally separate NC/NO and XIO/XIC! (which reminds me of my instructor as an apprentice making us state "The common is not the neutral." over and over again.)
Really Helped watching a second time for those who are lost you are not alone. My tip is watch other videos after this then come back and watch for a second time!
I'm an industrial compressor technician and I routinely have to wire and rewire control boards. I did not know I was using ladder logic until I watched your video (several times). I just purchased a plc and several modules with the intent of training myself on how to program them. Your video is clear and concise with clear and easily understood illustrations. Thank you.
I taught at a community college....primarily hydraulics and pneumatics. I'm now retired and I still check out your videos. Thanks for being such a dedicated instructor. I really appreciate it! Simply great, no doubt!
Holy smokes! This has got to be THE BEST lecture introducing PLCs. Definitely will "put it in my pipe and smoke it!"
I started out as an electrician in a factory and converted old manual operated hydraulic and pneumatic machines into plc electrical operated automatic ones! I was 17 at the time!! 😲
Mr. Patel: THanks a million, brother.
I just started learning PLC and only have view a few videos. This video is great! I love the way how important it is to Jim. Someone like this are the ones you want to learn from. Detail, detail, detail...you have to be detail to be good.
I'm so happy for the first time in my life to start learning about PLC's . Thanks !!!!!!!!!! :)
MAN, thank you for making this so clear & understandable. I'm currently in an AAS program for Electrical Engineering Technology (currently making A's in all of my classes, largely because of the solid foundation in circuit analysis that this channel gave me), and I take PLC's next semester, before graduating Spring of 2023. I think I was always a bit intimidated about taking PLC's, because I always knew that it was one of the final classes I would take, and I think I was just afraid somehow that there would be a sudden difficulty spike from one section to the next, and largely thanks to the foundation that I found on this channel, I don't think that'll be the case. I'm also lucky to be in a program that makes construction of logic-based circuits really intuitive as well, and I've been able to get a lot of lab practice with those using just simple breadboard kits and various IC's and other electronics components. Anyways, thanks again, and this content is really stellar for someone who's just learning & wants to get a solid foundation.
Very nice. Please tell your classmates about this resource!
Hope you go to University.. and take real courses.. I used to be As in college.. turn out into D at university..
It's so educational and easy to understand , compared to my previous physical training
Thank You so much!!! I struggled a freaking lot with this mechanical vs logical concept, you made it much clearer now ! I should have found your channel sooner!
Awesomely explained. 30 minutes of my life was worth it.
Grow up it was crap
I have never seen a good explanation about Plc like this lesson did. Thank you very much.
ur great. i came for EXACTLY this video with ALL of the tone and ALL of the sentiments and the driving it in my head. I can't learn this the other way teachers would try to teach. You are talent. Thank you dearly and kindly.
Thanks you so much.
I didn't understand this problem before; thanks to you, i understood this problem.
Thank you for this video i have refresh my plc programming subject way back 2008..
I want to appreciate the amount to patience and work you put into this, its tedious sometimes but it really helps us inthe log run!
Excellent mix of knowledge, good approach, and a refreshingly world weary attitude to foolishness and students who need to wake up, that doesn't quite tip over into cynicism. You are the coolest!
Great job.
Very useful information and excellent explanation. Thank you very much.
Kamal Khandakji
Great video - i know have 8 holes pounded into my head. Thanks so much!
Thanks for this explanation!!! This was the easiest way to understand the XIO/XIC instructions I have ever heard!!!!!!!
I know one thing for certain.....My brain, 100% goes into its deactivated state every time I think I understand this topic!
It’s simple and if you think it’s complicated then you make things complicated for yourself
It's like abc's
😅
I appreciate your clarity of instruction both visually and audibly, thank you very much!
Thanks for sharing idea....full support❤💙💚💛💜
Man this has helped me tremendously! You break things down so easy I always run to your Channel when I don’t understand a topic👍🏼
So a make makes sense and a break breaks my brain. Perfect naming convention.
Awesome info I'm just getting into wiring and dealing with plcs and your videos make it very understandable and with making it visual makes it even better.
Amazing video. All my doubts are cleared. These are basics that you can't go on learning more complicated application programs without understanding this simple make, break concept.
Very impressive
Good stuff
This is the the best explanation .thankyou very much for such an effort and pls come up with more programming plc videos
Thank you so much for this lecture.
Stumbled on your page!! So informative!! Subbed for the education!
Very nice. Glad you're making use of the material. Also check out the free study guides I compiled for basic electricity and electronics and hydraulics at:
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics1/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics2/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics3/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/hydraulics/
@@bigbadtech wow. You’re really doing wonders here by providing this information. Thank you.
That intro is epic
It was amazing, its very helpful to refresh my knowledge
Good explanation
this presentation is a testament as to why unified standard system should be used with these things, instead of each branch using their own symbology
the -] [- and -]/[- in particular, when the thing could have been written as -] [- and -] [o-, which would instantly make much more sense for anyone being remotely familiar with symbols for logics in electronics
Great lectures and I appreciate every step. Thank you 👍
Great video. Almost got shanked when I wanted 3.048 meters of EMT from the electrical supplier. Antiquated measurements still have a place....
It's really wow 👏
I really can't thank you enough for this amazing lecture
Very good video and very understandable also, thanx a lot
thankyou so much for this video jim ,im working as maitenance ,and i have to deal whith plc things thiz is very helpfull....
Sir
Yr video instructions on BASIC PLC PROGRAMMING IS outstanding. However due to the speed of yr country's speaking some times i missed a few points. However i will play the video to catch them again. For a long time i wanted to understand PLC and writing ladder diagram. In yr video u have emphasised many imp points to keep in mind. Yr pronounciation is clear.
Thanks
S.vatsa, India
Hi Jim nice lecture I was able to learn a lot from this thank you
Found great basic concepts informations in this video.
God bless you.
Thanks
I just put it in my pipe and smoked it! Thank you so much. Exactly what I needed.
Thanks Jim for the lecture. It is very clear and helpful. I have a question on the statement shown from 9:53 to 10:22. It says : "One can think of the left upright rail as a source of logical 1, ie. full control voltage. And to logically energize an output on the right, a rung must deliver a logical 1 from left to right." Should the statement be like this instead: "One can think of the left upright rail as a source of control voltage. And to logically energize an output on the right, a rung must deliver logical continuity from left to right"?
Thank you for the video its clear and straight to the point
Thanks very much sir, I am glad to be one of your students. But from what I can grabs from the lecture is that the hardware inside the plc or the contacts inside the plc are mosfet transistors. Because there are two classes of mosfets, those that when a signal voltage is present they close their contact allowing current to flow from the emitter to the drain. And those that when they are having a signal they instead open and allow no flow of current. And vis vesa.
Thanks again for your time.
The "emmiter" on a mosfet is called source.
Excellent explanation....
perfect instructor with drawings , well done , thanks
Wow, after years of not sinking in, finally, you drilled it home with the facts. To me its like a light switch that the light being on has nothing to do with the what position the switch is in (contacts open or closed), but the instruction you tell it, to be on or off. Thanks again for the no nonsense lecture. I must admit, the terminology is weird as shit, and sometimes means the opposite of what you think it does.
Yes you are right, but the truth is that they are using four types of contacts, two normally close and two normally open. For the first two normally close contact one will close if it receives a signal and will open if there is no signal and the other will remain open when there is signal and only open when there is no signal.
I'm just going to think of break as being like a not gate.
21 :00 I watched UA-cam videos after videos day after dayand could understand what the hell XIO XIC really meant. You my friend have made this easy to comprehend. If I could I would pay you for the knowledge you have bestowed upon me. Thank you 🙏
I’ve been doing practice logic drawings NO:NC I come here for some tips now I gotta remember the complete opposite of what I thought I’d learned
thx nice job
Great content
ill recommend people to understand these logics, AND, OR and NOT logic, if you understand these logics, you are set to understand this.
Outstanding!!! Thank you so much for the time you put into this!
Really good video, clear concepts and examples. Worth watching it whole!
Thanks a lot sir your explanation and depth of knowledge is outstanding 💐🙂👍
Amazing video, many thanks for your efforts and hardware teaching us valuable knowledge
God bless you and keep up the good works
his voice reminds me of Matthew McConaughey and makes me wanna rewatch interstellar again. Great video btw
Matthew McKindaGay
well put introduction to PLC
Great video. This is so confusing sometimes and I appreciate you dumbing it down for me. All of this terminology is driving me crazy, everything seems to mean the opposite of what it implies, or opposite of what it looks like in graphics. I went to a technical college that didn't explain this nearly as well as you are, good job and thank you!
Very nice! Do me a favor and click on an ad every once in awhile to keep the great Google in the sky appeased.
Great video, i'm sure you managed to get the info into a few thick skulls
Ok I have a stupid question wye start delta run I get the terms but make or break just seems like what ever you want that piece of equipment or anything you make it or break it turn it on or turn it off I've ran into so many sequence issues. Thank God for vfd's and soft starts
Thank you for you videos Sir I learned a lot and Make my Basic Solid in Plc programming. Hope you have Advance PLC Programming too..
Thanks a lot for the concept. You told at 20:36 a stop momentry push button (in its normal state) if instantiated as break instruction in programme,it will not permit logical continuity.
But i have seen some basic latching programme by other you tuber.As per them ,stop push button (NC state) Instaintiated as break instruction will permit logical continuity.
Please make a video of latching circuit with start pushbutton as make and stop push button as break instruction. 20:36
No that won't happen. Check this out here for proper implementation: ua-cam.com/video/OcjZIC6aNjI/v-deo.htmlsi=MEyFEcQ4uq2x58je&t=661
Osm sir I really thankful to u for make this video for me
Love it very strict open urs eyes no day drams in my video you thanks. Teaches now days are mess
Can I design only by using lader circuit only for control machine
Awesome teacher!
very good instructor
Very good explain on electric hydraulic
Many thanks for your concise explanation
Jim you are a M A S T E R
You are great 🙌🏼
Thank you very much. What software do you use for this presentation?
Hand drawn in MS OneNote and recorded and edited using Camtasia.
@@bigbadtech One Note, I need to check that for improving my lessons. Thanks!
Great video.
Excellent service
You are the best of them all!!!
Thanks for the video Jim greetings from Mexico
Coming from a CS background, this is kinda straightforward and natural way of thinking about make and break. I don't get why people are confused because of this?
Tell me about it! I'm surmising the confusion comes from an inability to separate the electro-mechanical nature of a field input device from a programmed instruction. Add to this confusion the somewhat dodgy terminology employed by some leading manufacturers (AB, Siemens, etc. I'm looking at you!). I've made a lot of people angry by pointing out this error in terminology.
@@bigbadtech Oh and btw, I just spent the past several hours binge watching your videos (nice work btw, really dig into them) and the complexity of all of this so far is ... astoundingly less than CS. I don't want to come off as arrogant or anything, but it seems like I can just pick up several books in the automation industry over several days and get a job right away.
Also it seems to me that I can make PLCs much cheaper than what they are offering (some of them cost on the order of $1k, such madness) and I don't understand why there hasn't anyone make it cheaper? I tried looking on forums why people prefer this over let's say a variant of hardened arduino and they all say that it lasts long, impervious to electrical noise, 24/7 tech support, simple interface that everyone understands. But like, it seems that someone can just take the basics of microcontrollers and hit all of the above goals, and the cost would be less than say $50.
So yeah, am I missing out on something? Am I not appreciating some difficulty in entering the automation market and not appreaciating the difficulty to turn a microcontroller to an industry-friendly PLC but with much less cost?
Great job man thank you!
Thank you so much for clear explaining. If you do have basic VFD (ABB, Toshiba etc., ) connection or cross reference input out pout wiring connection video file?
Everything about motor drives and more: ua-cam.com/play/PLdnqjKaksr8qruLl85Uq3em62PjXlSNUF.html
Thank a lot Mr. Jim Pytel.
Good video! Thank you!
Thanks for a great lecture, it helps me at my job railroad signaling. By the way will you explain the theory of fiber optics?
Most likely only tangentially and not in any detail when I return to PLCs and industrial wind power.
This dude is amazing
Isn't he?
Man you're class!!! ❤️❤️
Nice explanation!
I'm sorry if I'm wrong because I'm not an expert in PLCs, but as I understand the memory bits of a PLC simulate physical switches and push buttons. By their nature, the bits are in state (0), which is why a MAKE command coincides with a switch that changes from an open state (0) to (1) when the switch is pressed by user, but this does not happen with a BREAK command that in order to is valid, the PLC memory bit which, as we said, is in a normal state (0) should become (1), that is why the electrical continuity of the circuit does not coincide with the logic BREAK command of the PLC, which in order to be valid, the memory bit must from (0) to (1) when the user presses the switch. I hope I didn't make the situation worse.
Make:
input sending 0 - no continuity
input sending 1 - continuity
Break:
input sending 0 - continuity
input sending 1 - no continuity
Thank you
This is a GREAT VIDEO
thanks Jim!!!
Any recommendations for self study at home or online training? I have background in electrical field as electrician
Unfortunately my PLC playlist is still in development:
ua-cam.com/play/PLdnqjKaksr8qxlMYRVTF2YzTm6RwtA7pc.html
I do however have a complete playlist in motor control:
ua-cam.com/play/PLdnqjKaksr8qRPCFkU2Q8XQe0bfo99rs6.html
Solis PLC is always great for training: www.youtube.com/@solisplc
the best way to remember make and break instructions is to look "MAKE=Buffer" and "BREAK=NOT Gate". I took it this way and all my worries vanished.
Great, thanks
Great teaching pls do u ave training manual or books for reference ? What about ur website bcs I want to learn more about plcs. Thanks
Unfortunately the only resources I've published are for the basic electricity and electronics series and hydraulics available at:
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics1/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics2/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/electronics3/
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/hydraulics/
Stay in touch though because I do want to finish this series.