What Is The Power Grid?
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- Опубліковано 5 сер 2024
- Joe Hanson from It's Okay To Be Smart gives Craig the rundown on energy and the electrical grid. Where does our electricity come from? How are fossil fuels formed? What is the largest machine in the world?
Special Thanks to:
Joe Hanson / itsokaytobesmart
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What is the Power Grid: bit.ly/1VolAJW
Why We need an Energy Storage Revolution: bit.ly/1O3OgoO
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Rob Scallon
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Todd Umhoefer (Old Earth)
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United States Grid, By Rolypolyman (talk)Rolypolyman at en.wikipedia [Public domain], from Wikimedia Commons, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Dutch Windmills, By Detroit Publishing Co., under license from Photoglob Zürich [Public domain or Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Great talking with you! I think we have great energy between us.
+It's Okay To Be Smart Yeah, the atmosphere in the room was electric!
+The Good Stuff Came for the video, stayed for the puns
+The Good Stuff honestly i felt energized after watching this POWERful video.
+It's Okay To Be Smart As a guy who is doing mechanical engineering masters in energy systems, I think you're too cocky and very deceiving when you give information. You like to make things sound magical or overly bad even though they are so mundane.
I'm really amped about this series. It's going to help me stay current.
+Daniel Foland Nice.
You've got to admit though, it is a tense situation we've got to deal with
This is glorious, I have been researching "free phone southern electric" for a while now, and I think this has helped. Ever heard of - Senarper Salient Secret - (should be on google have a look ) ? It is a great exclusive product for discovering how to have free power in your home without the hard work. Ive heard some decent things about it and my cousin got excellent success with it.
It's Okay To Be Good and the Smart Stuff finally together!
wait. what
I would love it if you all collaborated more. Joe Hanson is a really awesome guy.
Almost 100k subs. So glad to see this channel taking off.
I know you guys had a rocky start, but these videos really are very good and it's a relief to see the hard work paying off.
I always get so pumped for these playlists and I don't know why. Looking forward to the next few videos.
I feel like these videos have been steadily getting better. Keep going! Thanks for making these cool things!
Hey guys, love the video is a very large interest for me as I work for a Power Distributor in England! In England it's run a bit different from the USA mostly because we don't have to send our power nearly as far. In England we have a few different companies who handle the distribution of power, starting with the National Grid who control the massive power distribution across the country mostly running at 400kv - 132kv (a lot of volts), then this goes onto a distributors network via a massive Primary Substation which get these voltages down normally to about 33kv and 11kv. Then this gets routed via what we could High Voltage lines either underground in built up areas or overhead in rural areas to secondary substations and transformers which start brining them voltages down to 240v which is the standard British voltage (and most of Europe). Then via 3 phase low voltage lines it runs down the road to your house and through your main fuse into your meter!
It's an amazing system which I love working within and I'm going to love this series!
I love the good stuff. Good job Craig and team
This is one of the best youtude videoa I have ever seen verycompelling,engaging,entertaining and educational.Thank you the good stuff and okay to be smart guy this was an amazing videos also love both channels.
All the power to you guys! Great videos :-)
Amazing! Thank you for this! ♥
Two of my favorite channels together!
Fabulous folks, thank you for this video. Hugs.
great show guys, keep it up!
Did you upload this for second time, my mind is so blown it's first time I watch this, but I got déjà vu everywhere !
I love how the science UA-cam community is so close.
Great stuff guys
Great video thank you
another great video
When it comes to energy storage for alternative energy, there are several solutions:
1. The battery. If the Li+Co battery technology has problems, there are other kinds of batteries that can be sourced from common materials for use in buildings and can enable you to store about 1GJ (gigjoule) of energy which is enough to run your whole house for a month.
2. Hydrogen fuel cells: This is a forgotten energy storage technology that can also function like a battery. Can be good for places that need a lot of energy or when weight is a problem.
3. Pumping up water to a high reservoir: It is possible to build a reservoir on a higher elevation and be able to "charge" by pumping up water to it, then "discharge" by sending water down through a turbine for electricity.
4. There are other "exotic" solutions such as the flywheel that can also store energy.
Nice information.
"fucking entropy! Damned!"
"I know! It's gonna be the end of the universe too, It's a real bummer."
gotta love this xD Joe's knowledge and intelligence is matched only be his humor imo.
loved the video
Holy shit, this channel deserves way more views! Subbed!
I think that the entire grid communicating would be amazing and with computers were they are, it seems like it shouldn't be to hard. It should be a top priority honestly, it would create more jobs, save money by saving energy, and save alot of hassle and money from preventing black outs. I really hope we can figure out ways to prevent all that energy loss as well. Awesome video! Cant wait to see the rest of the playlist.
I'm going to show this video to people who ask me why I'm studying power and energy system engineering. I will play the video and then periodically exclaim "How cool is that!" as we watch.
I absolutely love Joe Hanson's Channel. My two favorite videos are the one where he explains the Science of Santa and the other one where he does a great job on describing how big our Solar System really is.
On the subject of energy I am a firm believer in conserving it. I didn't always think like that. In fact I used to say I was going to convert my truck to coal power just to piss people off. Now I drive a 1995 Opel Astra that I only have to fill the 10 gallon tank up once a month and that is driving it, around trip 35 miles to and from work five days a week.
I changed my mind on the subject, I understand that there is a real problem. The question that I have for nonbelievers is, "What is it really going to hurt to change your ways? It is not like it is any more expensive nowadays to get your energy from coal as it is to get it from renewable resources. So, Why not change? You are only going to save yourself money and leave a better world for your children."
loved the subtle Rob Scallon reference ;)
If anyone was in doubt, 2015 has highlighted that if we are to address climate change in an effective manner, it will not come as a result of running out of fossil fuels. Fossil fuel prices are low and markets are awash in spare reserves of oil and coal in particular. In order to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions, we will have to establish policies that will discourage the use of conventional fossil fuels in favor of low-carbon and renewable energy resources.
+Garrett Martin Bring on the carbon tax!
+Christopher Willis I think this is the _only_ tax that people actually want to bring about...
+Myranus e Along with taxes on alcohol, tobacco, overfishing and rich taxes for some people.
Is suppose Loke Gustafsson
amazing
8:09, RAIN BY ROB SCALLON!!!! GREAT PIECE!!!
At 3:41 Matt says "the production of electricity releases more CO2 than any other method". What does this mean? Does electricity generation release more C02 than any other human activity-more than, say, animal husbandry and/or agriculture? Or does burning of fossil fuels release more CO2 than other methods of electricity generation?
the song around 9:40ish is one of my most favorite songs. I thought I was the only person who knew about it! :p
I saw a really interesting idea recently for power storage. Basically, giant rubber balloons are submerged in a lake or other body of water (to provide external pressure). Pipes feed to the base of the balloon from an onshore facility. When there is a power surplus (sunny for solar, windy for wind) the excess is used to inflate the balloons; when the power is needed (cloudy and calm), the balloon is deflated and the pneumatic force generates power with a turbine. It's not the MOST efficient system, but it should work pretty well.
It's very similar to the idea of hydrobatteries, so it should be fairly efficient.
They have "pumped storage" reservoirs, which amount to the same thing. Pump the water uphill when there's excess energy; use it to drive turbines when there's a shortage.
I hope you do a video on LTFR Nuclear technology. It can provide consistent energy without the problems with current nuclear technology and doesn't take as much land as solar or wind plants.
+Dennis Grierson Ill be covering advanced reactors in a future video. Maybe they will see this and want to collaborate :D
3:05 That's the Simon Power Plant at my alma mater, Michigan State University. I wonder if you have a Spartan in your graphics department.
One solution to energy storage is to do as Norway does. Norway gets a big portion of its power from hydroplants, while Denmark and Germany get it from wind and coal. When there is a power surplus in Denmark and Germany, they send the power to Norway, and that power is used to pump water back up into the dams. When there is a power shortage, the dams produce electricity, basically making the hydrodams huge batteries.
hydropower is really very efficient, too.
+Viktor Lunde Except you can't do hydro on any significant scale on the vast majority of the world. It's geographically limited. Unless of course you're suggesting what's referred as "pumped-storage hydroelectricity" where you pump water during low times (i.e., where electricity is the cheapest and more demand IS a good thing) and release it during peak load. Another geographically limited neat energy generation source is what Iceland does: thermal energy straight out of lava. But to do a minor addition to what you're saying: France is the bigger exporter of electricity in Europe (and was the top exporter worldwide for a while), and they generates 74.5% of their energy through nuclear. France is the backbone of electricity generation in Europe.
Check out Vehicle to Grid integration! Apart from being the weakest excuse to buy a Tesla, it's a neat quasi-crowd based strategy to solving off peak-demand supply storage problems. Also fun fact about the continental US's energy grid: it's split into three connected but independent parts. Those parts are East, West, and Texas. Texas made sure to build its own mostly to avoid federal regulations in the 40's. So even Texas' electricity is secessionist.
Losses during electrical transmission are 6% not 60%. So he was off by an order of magnitude. Can happen to anyone. Early in the last century losses were 16% and have gradually dropped over the years to 6%.
That was just what I thought while watching this, no way 60% could be real even in 'murica..
Start heating household water by passive solar units on rooftops. Photovoltaic panels on every home and building. Start building homes that produce their own power.
just a question, the quality of life and economic development is correlatable to the increased use of energy. Is it really a good idea to use less energy if that leads to an increase in prices of products (such as more use of rare earth elements) and less ability to utilize electricity in everything.
I am not saying that we shouldnt take a look at how we use energy and how it is produced, but that if we can, wouldn't it be better to just produce more electricity at a cheaper price that to use less and therefor decrease our standard of living?
We will improve the energy grid eventually but right now its working well enough. I think it will take some doing to convince the people in charge to spend the kind of money required to impliment smart grid or energy storage technologies on a large scale.
This only motivates me more to invest in solar panels in the future, when I own a house which is mainly to save money on a power bill.
Actually power plants produce power at relatively low voltage compared to long distance transmission lines. Typically power plants generate electricity at 12470 to 14400 volts.. It is then stepped up to anywhere from 115KV to 765KV.
My take is that the grid will need to move more and more to local microproducers, like solar panels on people's house tops and so forth. Most suburban houses could support a sun facing set of panels and provide enough energy for themselves and to spare, even with an electric car or two in the garage. New storage technology is going to be key to this idea, such as Tesla's battery banks, or even a few next generation deep cycle lead acid units.
+Michael “Chugosh” Heywood Making a truly efficient battery will be civilization's next milestone up there with going to the moon and nuclear power.
08:20 US 101 southbound, Los Angeles (Encino district), California.
smart grid is great, but if you zoom out a little bit, the issue is transfer electricity over long distance. If the city can be built close to the energy source, you can cut down a lot of the energy wasted in the process of long distance transfer.
+梁致朗（Jonathan Leung） The transmission loss is only 5-6%. Having the energy sources closer would make a tíny difference. Maybe something like 0.01 - 0.1 percentage point.
*" If the city can be built close to the energy source, you can cut down a lot of the energy wasted in the process of long distance transfer."*
NIMBYs won't stand for living next door to a power plant.
Exactly! Stay curious! :)
i just turned on more lights, appliances and plugged more things in so that i could use more electricity that i didn't need on because of this video
4:36 Actually that is inaccurate, when you flip a switch on the wall you are completing a circuit at the furthest to the transformer closest to your home(usually a big cylinder on top of a pole). A transformer contains a piece of metal that has insulated wires wrapped around it, your home has its wires wrapped around it different than those wires that is its source of power.
I personally feel that alongside a re-creation of the power grid, the same needs to be done with our food production systems.
Disruptive technology adoption takes place much faster than most people realize.
Value Stacking creates multiple income streams for energy storage which means, batteries can be used for multiple purposes and then be shared by multiple clients so multiple revenue streams become possible.
Financing batteries like this can create a 100% renewable smart grid much faster than most people assume.
Places like Africa where infrastructure already fails to meet demand may leapfrog conventional technology and beat developed world to an advanced smart grid.
They can save money by building microgrids with modern tech without having to retrofit old inefficient centralized utilities.
I like the video. I think, for us to advance faster in technology, all nations must collaborate to each other we focus too much in other things that we don't develope faster. Technologoly will advance faster if all of the nations would combine all of thier engineers, scientist etc. disregard the cost because the technological developments will be worth while and those technology must not be used for business interest. Just my thought.
I live in Ulaanbaatar, the coldest capital in the world. And during the winter, alot of rather poor people cannot even buy coal to heat their gers. They are burning tires and feces, producing a lot of unhealthy and harmful smog that makes it also one of the most polluted cities in the world. I think, that thermal insulation is also important to decrease the amount of energy and smog that is released, especially in LDCs.
Can someone please explain to me why we haven't fully transitioned to renewable energy yet? Is it an economic issue? Or are renewables just too unreliable/inefficient?
+Marco Perez It is a combination of technical and economic factors. I will be going over that soon in my video on energy transitions. It is all the things and more that you just mentioned. No real storage exists besides pumped hydro, which has regional implementation problems. The economics of fossil fuels being able to pollute the air for free means they still have favorable economics compared to renewables and nuclear. Lot's of issues like these, and more! The short is energy transitions are hard, that take a hundred years or more in the past. We have to do better...because we must. We currently aren't, though, which is a problem!
***** It is true, renewables are expensive, and nuclear as well in addition to its PR problem. But when you examine the external damages that fossil fuels do but they don't pay a cost for, the cost of renewables and nuclear is quite inexpensive. This is largely why not pricing emissions damages is largely regarded as the largest market failure in history.
To say it another way, renewables and nuclear cost a lot, but that is because fossil fuels can cause damages for free. Socialized damages, privatized profits. That is why efforts to subsides renewables and nuclear or add in a carbon tax (or both) are what economists like to push for.
There are many different paths and mixes to get to a clean energy economy, my online buddy and some of his colleges have some peer reviewed papers looking at the feasibility of different mixes and strategies.
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wcc.324/abstract
Long story short, the more solutions you cast aside, the harder you have to deploy what solutions remain. Renewable only roadmaps need deployment rates the likes of which have never been seen before in electricity markets. That doesn't mean it is impossible, but it does cast some context :D
Nuclear needs to be a huge huge party of the clean energy solution but everyone is scared of it.
Great vid as always. It's hard to imagine actually successfully converting the US's energy sources when fossil fuels' costs are so low right now. On top of that, the "humans aren't actually causing accelerated climate change" conspiracy theorists make up almost half of the US population (guesstimate). It's hard to imagine solutions when the population is so split because science and political interests clash.
The part talking about 60% energy loss is a semi truth. Most of the wasted energy occurs during the fossil fuel energy to electrical energy process i.e. heat losses. Electrical losses along the transmission and distribution systems from the plant to your house is lower than 10%.
you guys r cool XD
Energy generation has been overlooked. Ppl who have been employed for 50 years and no replacements have been raised to replace these ppl.
The micro grid is good at urban areas who do not rely on the main grid for too much. Main grid generates, the storage at the micro grid stores it, smart tech has data of energy usage and energy is bought by consumers.
Consumers also have a say as to which company to buy energy from. Multiple companies offering energy options increases need for improvement and efficiency.
As for the heat losses, there is the cogeneration plants which produce heat and electricity at the same time. The heat is used for either heating or cooling. The excess heat from that is recaptured to boost electricity generation for the next cycle.
One resource of generation is still being researched on is noise or sound. MIT did research on putting microphones along runways to capture noise from airplanes taking off. The noise is then turned in to electricity but is not enough to even charge our phones.
We need a nuclear energy grid with a small amount of solar and wind. Also I'd like to see a little more geothermal.
What about those who would like to cause chaos by shutting down the grid nationwide? How difficult or easy would it be to do that? How protected are we from that happening?
Hold it! According to eia government site, USA electrical grid has only 6% transmission and distribution losses. But in the video, he quoted 60% !
the 60% is calculated from every step in the system
mostly the process of converting the fuel into energy
Life itself is a conversion of energy too. The first things humans made to convert chemical energy to kinetic energy was muscle.
Great video. Very good content. With respect to the last part about writing to Congress...
If you are really serious about reducing pollution and increasing clean-energy output then you MUST be in favor of more Nuclear Energy. Solar and wind power can serve a useful purpose, but Nuclear Energy will be the backbone of a cleaner, efficient power grid. Urge your elected officials to remove the regulatory chains that block the construction of new Nuclear Power Plants.
Fun stuff, great video! One amended, energy grid losses from transmission are more like 6%, not 60%. www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=105&t=3
Even so, we still could use smart grid for load balancing and such, so losses aside, there are still uses for smarter grids :D
Oh, turns out he was also talking about waste heat in generation, which is indeed huge (about 60%)!
flowcharts.llnl.gov/content/energy/energy_archive/energy_flow_2012/2012new2012newUSEnergy.png
+Christopher Willis When Joe said 60% of our energy is wasted I think he was referring to total energy inefficiency, not just transmission line losses. So this would include electricity generation as well as transportation.
Yup, he cleared it up on twitter, and I responded to my own critic with the energy flow charge from INL that says basically his 60% number! Sorry, I love energy issues, so I was like "well actually" way to hastily. Anyway, loved the video, energy is awesome, carry on :D
+Christopher Willis Thanks for keeping us on our toes - we like energy issues as well :)
+Christopher Willis Yeah my first thought too. 6% is the power lines themselves and 60% overall.
energy!
Are there any concerns regarding hacking the Smart Grid?
+Omer Lavian Yes, but there are ways to mitigate it. Heck, there are ways to hack the dumb grid right now, and some of them are so simple it would alarm you (take out a couple key sub stations can wipe out a regional grid)
Thank you!
+Omer Lavian We have real concerns with the grid as it is now.
I understand. Trust me, I know we need to fix climate change and use our energy more efficiently. I'm simply saying it's important to protect the Smart Grid from an potential attacks, as such attacks could have detrimental effects to American society.
+Omer Lavian The grid is weak. The Chinese have been successful in attacking it, although no real harm was done this time. I have no idea if anything is being done or even can be done.
I agree with the idea that we get most of our energy from the sun, however, because fossil fuels are forms of stored energy, and are stored in physical forms, I don’t believe that a circuit is created. I think that was an inaccurate analogy. Although, I see that it is a process, similar to how a circuit is created.
Loved this video. However, I was looking for a video to share with my 7th grade class for my wind and solar energy class. Because of your unnecessary "F______ entropy" comment I unfortunately will not be able to share it with my class.
Sorry!
Why can't we make electrical grid smaller? I mean, what if each new, or rehab house got it's own wind turbine and solar panels. sort of making it a hybrid house where it makes it's own power when it can and draws off the grid when it needs too.
+Russell Dickson Won't work on a big scale. One of the advantages of centralized systems is that wave synchronization (talking about the AC sine wave here) is much less of a pain in the arse, even though it is STILL a huge pain in the arse. Grid tie inverters (the box you plug your solar panel into so it can be fed into the grid) for green energy depend on synchronizing the wave form with the grid's. If you have a huge scale of people generation their own electricity and synchronizing it back and forward, you'll end up with a bunch of islands and a very unstable grid. You need an "overseer" electric current for this to work. Besides, the grid is not a problem. It only wastes 5-6% of energy. The 60% he's referring is a bit misleading. That'd be like me saying that solar panel waste ~90% of their energy. He was talking about energy generation via thermal energy as in boiling water and spinning a turbine (even so, that number is way higher than the numbers I've seen), NOT the grid itself.
Fuckin' entropy...
I don't know if you guys have seen this or not but in Toronto (Canada) they're using underwater balloons to store excess energy. www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/11/17/pilot-project-stashes-power-in-balloons-deep-down-in-lake-ontario.html
What's up
Gah! Why did you not go over comments of the previous video?
+Gy001 Was their an earlier version?
Going to need a “fucking entropy” shirt.
Kinda weird to hear Rain by rob scallon.. but ok
How more efficient is 220v?
+Ricardo Becerra Just slightly as the 110v/240v differencs is just at the end user.
+m8e but in length and count of transformers is not the "end" of the line longer?
We are all going to cook like our hot pockets
Energy saving + the grid + computer technology (SCADAetc)
What if everyone have their own energy power supply ? A portable, small generator that optimise all the energy in surrounding such wind, sun and etc.
Re: Grid automatically turning off A/C during heavy load. No thanks. That's avoiding the problem, not fixing it. In other words, that's the cheap way to "fix" the problem. There are solutions to store grid power. Tesla is now making power grid size battery systems (also a version for home, but that's a different product). Others have also been developing storage systems. The problem is that the power producers are not very interested in spending money on upgrading. Instead, they claim you just need to give them access to turn off your A/C. That's crazy.
Upgrade, upgrade.......................We have been lucky. Our luck may run out.
You know WiTricity? As far as I understand it, a system like that consumes the same amount of energy no matter how many things are drawing from it. Widespread use of this technology would greatly stabilize our energy consumption, making less dynamic sources of power more manageable, yes?
+Laszlok WiTricity is just wireless power, unless you are referring to something else. As it is now, and even with wireless electricity, you still need x number of electrons to cover x amount of demand. You can try and store electrons for when you need them, but economic storage is still forthcoming. Right now, it is easier and cheaper to fire up a peaking gas plant than use batteries. That is changing, but not quickly enough.
BeCurieus WiTricity generates a magnetic field, which resonates with coil within a device, producing power. Electricity isn't what's being transferred through the air. I don't fully understand the technology, so I don't know if the power needed to generate the field is dependent on how many things are making use of it.
Laszlok Resonate coils are about wireless electricity essentially. It is nothing about making the electricity, just providing a wireless way of accessing it through magnetic waves rather than electrons moving in a wire. Since the field is being generated radially, it actually wastes a LOT of power compared to electrons moving down a wire. The further the distance, the more power is needed to generated enough juice to power the device you are trying to power. It is more of a novelty way to power devices than any solution to the grid, sadly.
+BeCurieus Oh, I don't think it would be more efficient, only more regular and predictable.
Laszlok Ah, I see. Ya, the problem is we don't have power from renewables when we need it all the time.
Does that 60% figure include losses included in generation, supply and distribution? While thermal radiation is definitely a factor in energy loss in transmission, most figures published in at least the distribution side don't even come close to 60%. See: www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=105&t=3 Many larger utilities also bill commercial accounts on energy losses as a variable kWh loss per month, so you get an idea of how much loss they are calculating on their lines.
Where is the other 54% coming from? Thermal energy lost in natural gas plants perhaps? That loss rate is massive.
9:20 Try to Search Gerard Morin (not so yung guy) here on yt...his work and research take roots in Nikola Tesla discoveries and works
There IS a way to store HUGE amounts of energy, do your research!
When the danish have too much wind power to use, they give it to Norway, where they use the energy to pump water into fjords. That pumped water can then be converted back to energy.
Sadly it's not enough for the danes to go full windpower and they use LOTS of coal, since they banned nuclear energy.
+Mika Rajala Pumped hydro is great, but also limited in geographic ability to deploy. It also can devastate large tracts of land, which is why many large Green groups outright oppose large hydro projects these days.
He's kinda like Hank Green, but not annoying.
First comment!
I got an idea
5:30, we don't loose 60% of the electrical energy during transportation.
I think the 60% figure comes from a calculation including the conversion of the raw fuel into electricity (ie the inefficiency of the power stations) as well as transmission and distribution losses (the smaller factor).
Uh? Not true: "Here in the US we use something like 5 or 6 times more energy per person then anywhere else in the world" @ 2:02
Yeah...came here to say that myself. Maybe compared to AVERAGE--but remember the "average" person has to live on 2 bucks a day, is partially illiterate, and heats with cow dung!
Compared to #2 on that list...gee, Canadians live American-ish lifestyles, and they have to heat a lot in the winter. Hard to imagine they only use 20% of what Americans do. (Seriously--this is a factual error. They really need to fix errors like this if they want to be an "authoritative" channel.)
I think we all should get off the grid. That would really save a lot of energy and carbon units. You guys should lead the way! You go first.
Weldon Cabaniss no we don't want to take a step back
Move up to Lancaster Co, PA. There's folks there who will show you how it's done...
They keep saying "We take energy (power) for granted". How am I taking the energy THAT I USE AND PAY FOR "for granted" ? If I am paying for it I can use however much I damn well please. Thank you and good day.
Filbert Apple Bag They are referring to how easy the system is to use for consumers that nobody thinks of how complicated the process of getting electricity to your home actually is or what it takes to fix certain power outages.You flip a switch or plug something in without thinking about it. The ease of it for the consumer makes it almost comparable to muscle memory. Nobody in this video is telling you how much to use or how you should be using your energy.
We are putting back into the Earth what came from Earth, and this is a bad thing? Most are only thinking they may be inconvenienced in the future. Just go off grid like me, not because it is good for the planet, but because it makes you power independent so outages do not effect you.
Is it just me (and/or something with my settings), or is the background music distractingly loud relative to the people talking?
How to make one of these videos: x is what makes us human.
Coal is from plants but oil is from things like algae
we can use wireless power transmission
can we?
Sounds like the American anthropologist Leslie A. White and his law which states that cultural evolution is dependent on the quantity of energy available per capita, which makes technology as the dominant factor in any cultural system! The cultural superorganism that determines individual human behaviour.