Electron Flow In Capacitors During Charging & Discharging - Physics
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- Опубліковано 13 гру 2017
- This physics video tutorial describes the electron flow in capacitors during charging and discharging. No electrons travel through the insulating material in between the two plates without damaging the dielectric. Electrons simply flow from one plate of the capacitor to another.
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we appreciate all you do bruh. your videos are so helpful!
you explained it so well thank you so much because so far all the teachers i've had seemed like they didn't really understand the phenomenon, it seemed like they were reciting some baseless rule but this right here makes so much sense it makes me happy
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Finally a good explanation to this phenomenon. Thanks!
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Thanks so much, I went all around school for help with this and no one really understands it
In a circuit, will a capacitor fully discharge itself before it will be recharged again? If not, how do we know when the capacitor will be charged or discharged?
can you run out of charge while charging capacitors in series ? are all the capacitors fully charged and have the same voltage difference as the battery?
Similar thing i don’t agree with
But once the capacitors charged, why cant the electrons moving in the middle where the bulb is keep moving?
I LOVE YOU
king 👑
In battery the electrons move from low to high potdntial but here the electrons move from high to low inside battery. Isnt that wrong??
I finally get Itttttt
Hello everyone, Questions! wouldn’t one plate of the capacitor be left at neutral since one side didn’t get a connection directly from the source? How does it become - or + charged if one plate didn’t have the voltage source to feed or absorb electrons from its plate ?
even if it is not connected. The +ve charged plate attached to the battery attracts the electron on the other plate and makes it -ve.
@@narenthiraprasathd6769 how does it make the electron positive?
In my whole year in class 12 I didn't understand and today learnt in minutes😎
Its so strange that with a diecetric in the capacitor, the electrons can continue to flow in the battery. How?
7:20 why does the plate on the right need to lose electrons if the plate on the left is gaining electrons?
As video explains in 1:40, the electrons coming onto the left part of capacitors create a voltage (potential difference, pressure) on the part. This voltage is going to push electrons on the other side further into the circuit towards the + side of battery. Electrons repel each other and will move away from another negative charge (electrons) towards positive (holes).
basically repulsion
And why the author didnt mention that neat detail in a 11 minute video?@@Mafior1
i still dont understand. the electrons cant go through the insulator but can jump over the capacitor?
CRYSTAL CLEAR
Around 3:50, you just stated the left side is negatively charged and the right side is positively charged. Then you say the electrons flow from the right side, which is positively charged, to the left, which is negatively charged. I thought electrons always flow from negative to positive??? EDIT: Nevermind, I think you just jumped back for a second to explain HOW the left became negatively charged and the right became positively charged. Understand now.
I think this has to do with the voltage source being an active component vs the capacitor being a passive component. The voltage source is supplying electrons from its negatively charged terminal where the electrons lay. The capacitors polarization comes from electrons arriving or leaving. If they are arriving the side becomes charged negatively, and if they are leaving the terminal because positive. This doesnt apply to the source because it is supplying electrons and once the negative terminal has no more electrons (rather the two sides are electrochemically balanced), the electron gradient dissappears and it would simply seize to be polarized.
Discharging a capacitor
Why should a capacitor discharge? Imagine the capacitor with all its charges is kept inside a bag and tied at two open ends (open-circuit).
The positive charges on one plate are attracted strongly to the electrons on the other plate, and the electric field is strong and uniform between the opposite charges on the plates. The opposite charges on either plate seem to hold each other tightly. The field is not so strong to cause the electrons to cross the gap and reunite with the positive charges.
There is a fringe field at both ends ready to burst the bag, but the open circuit does not allow charge flow in the external circuit. The electric fields of surface charges which move onto the wires from both the plates and the fringe field will, during the initial transient when the wires are attached to the plates, combine to make the resultant electric field in the wires, zero. The fringe field is different from the field between the capacitor plates.
When the charged capacitor is short-circuited using a wire, the effect is to open the tied ends of the bag and the charges are released. The fringe field causes the initial crucial release of charges for further flow of the charges….and development of surface charges that will enable the charges to flow around the wire, and neutralize each other. After all the charges on the plates are neutralized, the circuit attains a state of static equilibrium, a natural relaxed state of equilibrium and we say the capacitor is discharged.
Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science not two. To learn how a capacitor charges and discharges and the origin and role of the fringe field in the circuit process it is instructive to understand Current, the conduction process and Voltage at the fundamental level as in the following two videos:
i. ua-cam.com/video/REsWdd76qxc/v-deo.html and
ii. ua-cam.com/video/8BQM_xw2Rfo/v-deo.html
It is not possible in this post to discuss in more detail the formation of the fringe field when a capacitor is charged and discharged.
The last frame References in video #1 lists textbooks 3 and 4 which discuss these topics in more detail using a unified approach and provide an intuitive understanding of discharging a capacitor with the help of sequential diagrams.
Charging a capacitor
"The voltage across a capacitor cannot change instantaneously" is a statement one finds often in textbooks on circuit theory which discuss the application of a step voltage to an RC circuit.
Most students memorise and apply this in circuits without understanding the physical processes involved.
It will be useful to learn the operation of charging a capacitor using a unified approach to electrostatics and circuits.
It is not possible in this post to discuss the charging of an uncharged capacitor. During the first few nanoseconds after switch ON, while the surface charges arrange themselves, there is no electric field E_cap and fringe field because there is no initial charge on its plates; it is as though the capacitor was not there - as though there were a continuous wire with no break in it.
The last frame References in video #1 lists two textbooks 3 and 4 which discuss in detail with a series of diagrams the physical processes in charging a capacitor without and with a resistor (RC circuit).
😵💫
@@lahari-1509 I haven't understood your reply. Will be happy if you may elaborate.
So basically i constant edging cycle
So current flow stops when the caps are fully charged...light bulb goes off. Then then caps discharge and current flows again...light bulb turns on. How fast is this process happening? Is the bulb therefore flashing? Sorry I'm a NOOOOOOB!!! 😵
NOOB lol
:):)
So the point is that electricity flow will reverse the direction while being discharging?