Antonio, I had to re-wind the part about the blind man and the elephant to ensure I heard it right. Your particular humor just cracks me up! Your work has merit of the highest caliber. Thank you for what you do. 👍👍👍
I'm nearly finished with your book. In a couple of chapters, you mention a numerical model by Shuvalov & Dypvik that indicate that a sizeable projectile would've moved the atmosphere. This made me think of the apparently flash-frozen mammoth carcasses found in northern Siberia. Do you think it possible that there were multiple impacts at 12.9Ka across the northern ice sheet (Russia to southern Canada/ Michigan area)? If so, would such an event cause enough atmosphere to move long enough to rapidly freeze mega-fauna, like mammoths, even while they have half-chewed food in their mouths? I should be finished with your book shortly & hope you are coming out with another one on this topic.
It's about time for a new science conference to collect and discuss all the various evidences and get some consensus among all those involved. Also, your own experiments with impact formation need to be redone with a better target material that replicates post-impact relaxation more accurately.
"Also, your own experiments with impact formation need to be redone with a better target material that replicates post-impact relaxation more accurately" I disagree. As a simple experiment that demonstrates a mechanism, its fidelity need not be any closer to an impossible to achieve perfect analogue..
@@psycotria that's just it - I don't think his experiments sufficiently demonstrate the hypothesis. A key part of meteor impact theory is that the high speed of impact causes circular craters. Note that all craters on the Moon, Mars, etc. and all the identified craters on Earth are circular. This is because the total energy at impact is explosive, overwhelming the velocity-imparted horizontal component. I don't recall seeing any math that shows this difference in the impact speed of the ice objects. Also, surface relaxation is one of the key factors in explaining the total shape, which is not shown in those experiments. I think he's right, but hasn't provided the definitive evidence required.
This is such a great video. This is amazing for sharing with people who aren't familiar with the Carolina Bays. Thank you so much for all your work you have done.
The width of the intersection zone in the Great Lakes region actually fits with a recent other paper that showed an impact event from a fragmented comet or asteroid that was more similar to the Tunguska event. Perhaps there were several large fragments that hit the ice sheet close together. A contrary hypothesis would be that the ice fragments split off from the comet high in the atmosphere and impacted the Carolinas directly. But this seems difficult to justify the elliptical impact results.
look at the size of the 'crater' in the Great Lakes Region. If it were a crater it would have ejected over 1500 cubic miles of sediment at 12,900 years ago.That volume is similar to impact that happened at the end of the Cretaceous. Where is all the breccia, then?
@@phillipkerr895 said; "... If it were a crater it would have ejected over 1500 cubic miles of sediment at 12,900 years ago.That volume is similar to impact that happened at the end of the Cretaceous. Where is all the breccia, then?" What? Is that a stupid question for thinking-challenged people? It's kind of obvious... The ice breccia all melted.
@@psycotria I can't tell if you're kidding. The Great Lakes are formed in Phanerozoic bedrock and a number of these impact hypotheses claim that some portion(s) of the lakes were carved/shaped by impact at 12.9 ka. But was there even an ice sheet in this region at 12.9 ka? This interval was almost 10 thousand years after the glacial maximum, so ice would have been thin or probably not there at all. If the Great Lakes are partly a crater, the impact would have removed bedrock. If that where the case, then there would be an extensive amount of non-ice breccia since there can’t be a hole ‘dug’ into something without having the cuttings. Or breccia, in this case.
Thank you so much for this video. This is so substantial and pulverized as to show the exact mechanism of action. What must be clearly shown is how this could affect the ice, blow all this material this far south, and not produce a crater in the local area. And if a crater was formed how a mile thick, or maybe two mile thick ice sheet would rapidly infill such a creation. Local rock strata would be significantly transformed by such behaviour and the detonation of so much force would create lasting effects. Asymmetric forces could alter the ballistic trajectories by how much?
You bring up something important: there is little to no evidence of a recent impact in Michigan. if there were one at 12,900 years ago, it wouldn't have hit ice since the glaciers had retreated to Canada by then.
The sudden end of megafauna, the dearth of earthworm species in pre-contact North America, the fragmenting of flora populations, the findings of megafauna dung in caves, the obliteration of the traces of human habitation during that time, the oral traditions of the Indigenous people, indicate an event occurred.
Great work! The YDIH, as it stands, will never be able to reasonably explain why there is largely a lack of black mat within the YDB in the eastern US (that happens to be the exact 1500 km radius of the ice boulder bombardment). Also, as it currently stands, the YDIH will never be able to reasonably explain how shocked quartz is only found (in the US) in the same radius, let alone within the delicate, sandy rims of Carolina Bays if Carolina Bays are not associated with the YDI. Only the glacier ice impact hypothesis can account for all of these criticisms the YDIH will undoubtedly face as it moves forward with their "bolide airburst" hypothesis, ironically relying on the unscientific Kaczorowski paper to distance themselves from the Carolina Bays. I fully believe the YDIH will never be taken seriously until it merges with the glacier ice impact hypothesis.
I dont have any geology background, but as a bored young kid growing up during the 70s building boom I used to very much enjoy throwing rocks and dirt clods into local basements under construction and construction sites which often had large drying mud puddles or sodden ground in various phases and conditions on site and observed the patterns made by the primary impact and the spray of the ejecta. Many years later as an adult noticed the close similarities to the C. Bays when I happened to learn of these structures, to the various mud puddle impact patterns I had gotten used to seeing. I also happened upon a Michigan aquifer map as well as a stratigraphic map of Michigan and noticed the radial arrangement of auquifers as well as the ring stratigraphy in central lower peninsula and noticed that they overlap perfectly and that reminded me of radial fractures in mud surrounding the primary impact craters under certain conditions and I put these facts together in my own mind and believed that there was a somehow buffered impact in central Michigan leaving no obvious crater or one that had been buffered by overlying glaciers or scraped flat by glaciers. I was initially disappointed when I could find no significant confirmation of an impact I suspected had happened. All in all every piece of information I get from your discussions I feel is supportive to my own observations and I completely believe you are correct in your theories, for whatever my opinion is worth to you. It also answered for me the question I had about the Alpena- Amberly ridge formed in lake Huron and now understand how it formed from the ejecta marginal ridge, so thanks for that i, in fact I will enjoy driving across that impact site today and will enjoy knowing exactly why the topography is what it is while traversing its southern, central and norther limits.
My background is in chemistry and computer science, but I also threw stones in the mud when I was a kid. As a scientist, I was appalled that the geometry of the Carolina Bays was completely ignored by geologists, and after retirement, I tried to make sense of my observations and apply mathematics to the origin of the bays.
Another great job, Tony! Particularly interesting are the parts about the black mat. I’m especially interested in the heat aspects as there are some indications of an extreme heat event found at various ruins in Georgia. If the pre-Mayans were the Atlanteans that lived in this part of the world, they seem to have had summer homes in Georgia. Please turn your attention to analyzing what happened outside the zone of Carolina bays. Especially questionable is the premise that if as many ice boulders hit in the ocean that hit the eastern seaboard, it would not have produced a tsunami. It seems like it would have and a big one at that…
Well, I’m not a scientist, but my understanding is some thing displaces water and makes a wave. If the wave is big enough they call it a tsunami. I have seen that if a big enough piece of ice breaks off a glacier falling into the water suddenly, it can cause a tsunami. Certainly less common than an earthquake at sea, but it still can happen. So, if as much ice hit the ocean, as there was hit land, seems like it would displace a lot of water. Mr. Zamora said the boulders hitting the water would’ve taken place over five minutes. I’ve wanted to ask him if he’s sure about that five minutes.
The estimate that the ice boulders hit the ground from 6 to 9 minutes after the ET impact is based on ballistic equations for launch angles between 35 and 45 degrees. For impacts on water, if the ice impacts had happened all at the same time, they could have triggered a tsunami. However, by hitting at different times, they would have created very choppy seas.
Good summary of the GIH evidence for CBs! Surely a team of geophysicists should take core samples from rims of 50+ elliptical bays from various locations across US/ Canada looking for presence/ absence of inverted stratigraphy, to test hypotheses on bay formation.
One wonders why there is such resistance to the idea of a catastrophic impact event at the beginning of the YD period in some of the mainstream scientific community? The evidence presented here seems to offer a rational explanation for what happened. One question I have is, why was there a global extinction of the megafauna, not just in North America, if the fall out from the impact(s) was restricted to the current land mass of the US? Is there any evidence that the Scandinavian ice sheet was also struck by extra terrestrial impacts at the same time? Are there any Carolina Bay type structures elsewhere, such as in Eurasia?
North America had an ice-sheet on it, so there was all this flying ice, there were probably impacts into the sea, and other places, but these will be harder to find.
The global extinctions were probably from humans. Wherever we see humans go extinctions follow, but after 10,000 years ago things are often pretty steady, and we even helped biodiversity. The extinctions happened when humans were growing in numbers at an increasing pace, while Earth went through a massive bout of climate change. Even though it was a cooler climate, a rapid rise in temperature will shock every ecosystem. Generally a species can adapt to one or a couple strong pressures, but more than three big changes often results in population decline. We have a tendency to go for the biggest prey item if possible, and consistently removing the healthiest members from a population of herbivores is the best way to cripple any population tha doesn't multiply like rabbits, and it'll hurt them too. We got very good at steering herds of animals into special structures or over cliffs, sometimes the whole herd would be killed since our ancestors didn't want survivors to go back and talk about it, and this probably made sense with mammoths and other elephants. Humanity had never been more numerous, more practiced at big game hunting, and densely populated. The only megafauna that really survived was the toughest stuff that evolved alongside, or despite us. We were also were loosing the most fertile land ever at the time ( the continental shelves). This period is where we start to see signs of modern human societies with the y chromosome diversity dropping as if everyone sent their men to war, there was less space and food, and all the easy to get to land was already inhabited. We probably also started cultivating, or somehow facilitating the survival of favored plants for us and our prey around the time, or earlier, and then the die off pushed us to start growing more plants for us to eat. Some early forms of plant cultivation had to have spread to the Americas before it was cut off from Asia, since starting from a blank slate you'd expect the same amount of innovation from the same amount of man hours, and the old world always had a lot more people.
@@thetobyntr9540 if humans were the cause of the megafauna die off, shouldn't we expect to at least find some Clovis kill sites in the eastern US? even more, there is largely a lack of late-Pleistocene fossils in the eastern US compared to the western US. how do you explain this anomaly?
@@thetobyntr9540 In 100% agreement with anthro extinction theory but statistical curves and human nature don’t explain proxies we see that definitely are extinction level. Alaskan muck fossil beds are evidence for cataclysmic extinction.
The black mat is found beyond the area of the ballistic sedimentation where the vegetation got smothered by ice crystals and snow. In the area that got bombarded to form the bays, the ice boulders ground up the vegetation and mixed it with the soil so that there was no vegetation layer to rot and form a black mat.
Interesting! Perhaps the interaction/boundary between the layer and the bays could be the "non-smoking gun", if they could be shown to be concurrent and the ice projection actually prevented or "dampened" the outbreak of fires in some areas.
I do not understand why this is not obvious to most Geologists. My boss asked me what I thought they were after looking at images. I thought impact. He laughed. Here we are.
Love your research and presentations. Of course people hypothesize Thermokarst Lakes. My question is: Huge ice chunks at such mass and speed to travel that distance and make such wide-spread impressions-while experiencing superheating from atmosphere- is the math feasible for such size of ejection? Claude 3.5 almost rules it out.. if my math/physics were on par, I would figure it out directly and may yet. Cheers! Love the insight and interest you offer.
The main paleohistory scientific community have tried to debunk Zamoras hypothesis since he published it, but none have come up with a more convincing explanation. The main question should be related to the periodicity of such impacts & resulting bombardment. It seems the ellipses didn't all form at ~12.9kya, with some at ~33kya (?), suggestive of repeated impacts from such as orbiting comets. With broken up comet Enke being suggested as the culprit, when does its orbit next coincide with arriving near Earth ?
Still puzzling is the abrupt sea level rise at 14ka, then again at 11.6 ka. I hypothesize the 14 ka melt, MWP 1A, was caused by human activity, namely industrial metal extraction not using petrochemicals but thorium/U233 nukes combined with lightning strike harnessing (Re: Pyra-mids, and other megalithic stoneworks. As the ice sheet became more heavily coated with atmospheric lead dust, runaway melt events generated a mass wasting of the ice caps. MWP 1b, at 11.6 ka, was a rebound from the thousand year Bolling Allerod recooling due to the YDB impact fallout.
@candui7278 the only way to flash freeze a mammoth eating a buttercup is to vaporize the atmosphere on the other side causing rapid expansion of the atmospheric pressure. Vaporized the ocean and fell back down as glacial snow, ie ice age✌️
That one bad day. There in Michigan or what was to become Michigan, the glacial ice, many kilometers thick, just suddenly up in space, flying up and eventually down. Such velocity. Whoop on down. On down to make an Impact Basin. The Impact Basins are there even today. You say now 12,900 years ago. Dated you say. Ok Ok Ok Well about that. My focus is a Calendar. Yea just a list of events you know. Like this month, or the year that my mother was born. A Calendar that is 20,000 years for Human Culture. What have we been up to over the last 20,000 years? You know they say that the Mediterranean Sea just filled right up at some point and that the Sahara Desert had a big river right through it. Our "Calendar of events" might include this? There was the "great flood" in our history. A Calendar for Humanity.〰. Just the last 20,000 years. Not so long. We ought to be able to do that. Don't you think??? 〰. (nice one here Antonio, lots of new information ~ thank you so much). 〰✨✨. Just Imagine. ✨✨〰 from New Hampshire. (no Impact Basins here)... ~~~ The ice, it melted. 😊
I like how it is reasonable that something flew in back in the thirties. This whole subject repeatedly brings up the subject of how people think. If one adds ten pebbles of evidence to one side of a balance scale and two extremely porous pebbles to the other, it is ardently defended that the lighter side is heavier......? The logic of antecedence seems to be lost also. Same thing with my work that clearly shows, repeatedly, that Dragons are superbolides, yet genetic memories of dinosaurs, or My Pet Dragon are preferred. Think about it, it travels in the air, is fiery, and scorches the Earth, it must be benevolence, sensuous life giving rivers, sustenance, etc.
Yes, the wind could have influenced the shape of the bays, but what are the mechanical forces that produced the mathematically precise elliptical shapes over and over?
Wasn't the geological north pole near the hudson bay during this time period? Thoughts on this impact causing the earth to physically shift on it's axis?
I was just watching the latest video on Randall Carlson's channel, and he mentioned something very interesting there: the Tunguska event left several elliptical holes in the ground (of which he showed photographs). I wonder if there's been any lidar done there?
Some have suggested a recurring micronova ejecting material that struck the earth and its ice sheets. another such event could be coming soon as per several authors.
I dunno anymore...😮 This video changing my Position... I no longer believe Mr.Zamora's Impact Hypothesis. In All due Respect, Sir 🤜So, I noticed the part where Mr.Zamora argues the Obliquity of the C.Bays to be caused by the Angle of the Impactor's Ejecta Cone. But according to a Good Scott Manley YT Video, Meteor Crater's are always Circular due to some complex set of Physics. Shouldnt they be Circular then???🤔😵🧐🤓
A couple of things, here: the ice boulders that were launched into the atmosphere and eventually crashed back into earth would've been travelling much slower than a typical meteor, due to the incredibly high speed, most meteors explode upon impact which typically leaves a circular crater; as for the Carolina Bays, the ground would've been viscous at the time of impact and the projectile would've obliquely penetrated the soil and created an impact funnel which resulted in an ellipse with raised rims on the surface of the earth. It is possible for oblique meteor impacts to create an ellipse; Messier Crater on the Moon is a great example of an elliptical impact crater.
I think we Humans have a far longer history, that we already developped high tech and destroyed previous highly advanced Human civilizations with it. This seems to be the result of tactical nukes launched by a northern country against one or two southern ones.
@@cacogenicist Plenty of evidences, you just need to know where to look. And the Carolina Bays are another evidence, whatever you do you'll never be able to explain them through natural phenomenons. If WW3 happens we would also leave many "geological mysteries" for the future generations.
@@tornadomash00 Repeating this won't make it true, but please provide a credible geological explanation for the Carolina Bays. Not only I'm right but people in power knows this and are hiding it since many centuries : ua-cam.com/video/92PHaIWi1Sk/v-deo.html ua-cam.com/video/A4fsdWS5H4M/v-deo.html
But wait, what if large scale electric plasma discharge(s) struck the ice sheet, excavating the great lakes and at the same time ejecting large ice blocks across the entire country? A singular impact from a comet or asteroid makes no sense.
@mattmiller4971 But wait! What if a comet hit the ice sheet and ejected ice boulders? Then, any electrical discharges for which there is absolutely no evidence would not make sense.
@thedarkmoon2341 not really, as shown, a comet may break up by gravitation forces in space but if held together and over 5,10, 15, 20, 30 or up to 50 km in size, the low density acts like a sponge and just moves the atmosphere. The comet and ice sheet obliterate themselves in a super high pressure steam explosion, with a pressure glacial tsunami uplifting most of the ice sheet, both sending and propelling ice chunks far and wide.
Thanks for your comment. You get it. That is good, but Wikipedia still says that the Carolina Bays originated from thermokarst and professional geologists don't believe me when I demonstrate that the bays have mathematically elliptical geometry. You are smart. You get it, but I have to repeat the message many times for those who are slower than you.
Show me an experiment where the electric/plasma universe creates a perfectly elliptical geological structure with raised rims like the Carolina Bays. Then I will take you seriously.
@@Antonio_Zamora sure, take a look at the "thunderbolts project", or "suspicious observers", or just stay inside that little box, you'll see proof probably in less than 20 years. Good luck on that.
I had hypnotized this myself but wasn't sure of origination(didn't ever think to pull the angles🥲That's pretty brilliant 👏). I had thought of the gravitational anomalies on the south pole as the impact area but it always seemed way too big. Scientists hypnotize the 74,000-year-old data may be due to the passing of a brown dwarf star through the Oort cloud casting icey bodies toward the Earth. Also, it may have caused a small extinction, a pole flip, and a volcanic eruption. That may be why some of those are reading later. Then there's the Solar system's dynamic, in relation to, the Milky Way's ecliptic positioning. That's also another theory Scientists have put forth for our pole reversals and transitions through Interstellar material. That and Sedna's cycle is a long hypothesis for icey small body impacts cyclically. But nonetheless, you did an amazing job and I enjoyed your presentation. 😁 Oh, and my contention with radiocarbon data is that we know radioactive decay is affected by solar activity. This makes me less inclined to trust its veracity. It may get you in the ballpark though. Radioactive decay is amplified during heavy solar cycles. They have also taken note of this in cancer treatment. Something to think about. Also, radioactive decay breaks down mineral composition to some degree. Wigner effect.
Solar activity affects the initial ratio of 14C to 12C. It does not affect radioactive decay constants. The variance in initial ratios can be found in carbonates, like corals, which can also be dated using U-Th disequalibirum techinques. The calader year of a radiocarbon date is then calibrated to back calculate the initial ratio from. This correction changes the interpretation of the age by 5-15%, depending on the intensity (or dirth) of solar activty. It is an extremely well studied system. The biggest varience is caused by the material dated typically
study of soil gases was made in North Carolina (USA) in and around morphological depressions called "Carolina bays." This type of depression is observed over the Atlantic coastal plains of the USA, but their origin remains debated. Significant concentrations of molecular hydrogen (H2) were detected, notably around the bays. These measurements suggest that Carolina bays are the surficial expression of fluid flow pathways for hydrogen gas moving from depth to the surface. The potential mechanisms of H2 production and transport and the geological controls on the fluid migration pathways are discussed, with reference to the hypothesis that Carolina bays are the result of local collapses caused by the alteration of rock along the deep pathways of H2 migrating towards the surface. The present H2 seepages are comparable to those in similar structures previously observed in the East European craton.
maybe this is because the ice boulders left faults in the strata below the bays that allowed this subterranean gas to escape primarily at these locations.
Those elliptical bays in such high numbers and parallel orientation are simply stunning.
Antonio, I had to re-wind the part about the blind man and the elephant to ensure I heard it right. Your particular humor just cracks me up! Your work has merit of the highest caliber. Thank you for what you do. 👍👍👍
I'm nearly finished with your book. In a couple of chapters, you mention a numerical model by Shuvalov & Dypvik that indicate that a sizeable projectile would've moved the atmosphere. This made me think of the apparently flash-frozen mammoth carcasses found in northern Siberia.
Do you think it possible that there were multiple impacts at 12.9Ka across the northern ice sheet (Russia to southern Canada/ Michigan area)? If so, would such an event cause enough atmosphere to move long enough to rapidly freeze mega-fauna, like mammoths, even while they have half-chewed food in their mouths?
I should be finished with your book shortly & hope you are coming out with another one on this topic.
Excellent work.
It's about time for a new science conference to collect and discuss all the various evidences and get some consensus among all those involved.
Also, your own experiments with impact formation need to be redone with a better target material that replicates post-impact relaxation more accurately.
"Also, your own experiments with impact formation need to be redone with a better target material that replicates post-impact relaxation more accurately"
I disagree. As a simple experiment that demonstrates a mechanism, its fidelity need not be any closer to an impossible to achieve perfect analogue..
@@psycotria that's just it - I don't think his experiments sufficiently demonstrate the hypothesis. A key part of meteor impact theory is that the high speed of impact causes circular craters. Note that all craters on the Moon, Mars, etc. and all the identified craters on Earth are circular. This is because the total energy at impact is explosive, overwhelming the velocity-imparted horizontal component. I don't recall seeing any math that shows this difference in the impact speed of the ice objects. Also, surface relaxation is one of the key factors in explaining the total shape, which is not shown in those experiments. I think he's right, but hasn't provided the definitive evidence required.
Thanks, as always.
This is such a great video. This is amazing for sharing with people who aren't familiar with the Carolina Bays. Thank you so much for all your work you have done.
amazing to imagine such a bad day, Thanks for your ongoing effort!
It’s coming again. It’s only a matter of time and bad luck. Unfortunately.
Many Thanks !
The width of the intersection zone in the Great Lakes region actually fits with a recent other paper that showed an impact event from a fragmented comet or asteroid that was more similar to the Tunguska event. Perhaps there were several large fragments that hit the ice sheet close together.
A contrary hypothesis would be that the ice fragments split off from the comet high in the atmosphere and impacted the Carolinas directly. But this seems difficult to justify the elliptical impact results.
look at the size of the 'crater' in the Great Lakes Region. If it were a crater it would have ejected over 1500 cubic miles of sediment at 12,900 years ago.That volume is similar to impact that happened at the end of the Cretaceous. Where is all the breccia, then?
@@phillipkerr895 said; "... If it were a crater it would have ejected over 1500 cubic miles of sediment at 12,900 years ago.That volume is similar to impact that happened at the end of the Cretaceous. Where is all the breccia, then?"
What? Is that a stupid question for thinking-challenged people?
It's kind of obvious... The ice breccia all melted.
@@psycotria I can't tell if you're kidding.
The Great Lakes are formed in Phanerozoic bedrock and a number of these impact hypotheses claim that some portion(s) of the lakes were carved/shaped by impact at 12.9 ka. But was there even an ice sheet in this region at 12.9 ka? This interval was almost 10 thousand years after the glacial maximum, so ice would have been thin or probably not there at all. If the Great Lakes are partly a crater, the impact would have removed bedrock. If that where the case, then there would be an extensive amount of non-ice breccia since there can’t be a hole ‘dug’ into something without having the cuttings. Or breccia, in this case.
Thank you so much for this video. This is so substantial and pulverized as to show the exact mechanism of action. What must be clearly shown is how this could affect the ice, blow all this material this far south, and not produce a crater in the local area. And if a crater was formed how a mile thick, or maybe two mile thick ice sheet would rapidly infill such a creation. Local rock strata would be significantly transformed by such behaviour and the detonation of so much force would create lasting effects. Asymmetric forces could alter the ballistic trajectories by how much?
You bring up something important: there is little to no evidence of a recent impact in Michigan. if there were one at 12,900 years ago, it wouldn't have hit ice since the glaciers had retreated to Canada by then.
The sudden end of megafauna, the dearth of earthworm species in pre-contact North America, the fragmenting of flora populations, the findings of megafauna dung in caves, the obliteration of the traces of human habitation during that time, the oral traditions of the Indigenous people, indicate an event occurred.
Have the black mat here in the foothills of n.c.
Great work! The YDIH, as it stands, will never be able to reasonably explain why there is largely a lack of black mat within the YDB in the eastern US (that happens to be the exact 1500 km radius of the ice boulder bombardment). Also, as it currently stands, the YDIH will never be able to reasonably explain how shocked quartz is only found (in the US) in the same radius, let alone within the delicate, sandy rims of Carolina Bays if Carolina Bays are not associated with the YDI. Only the glacier ice impact hypothesis can account for all of these criticisms the YDIH will undoubtedly face as it moves forward with their "bolide airburst" hypothesis, ironically relying on the unscientific Kaczorowski paper to distance themselves from the Carolina Bays. I fully believe the YDIH will never be taken seriously until it merges with the glacier ice impact hypothesis.
I have been in one of these bays in Camden South Carolina and they are very strange.
Love the subject, as I am surrounded by them.
I dont have any geology background, but as a bored young kid growing up during the 70s building boom I used to very much enjoy throwing rocks and dirt clods into local basements under construction and construction sites which often had large drying mud puddles or sodden ground in various phases and conditions on site and observed the patterns made by the primary impact and the spray of the ejecta. Many years later as an adult noticed the close similarities to the C. Bays when I happened to learn of these structures, to the various mud puddle impact patterns I had gotten used to seeing.
I also happened upon a Michigan aquifer map as well as a stratigraphic map of Michigan and noticed the radial arrangement of auquifers as well as the ring stratigraphy in central lower peninsula and noticed that they overlap perfectly and that reminded me of radial fractures in mud surrounding the primary impact craters under certain conditions and I put these facts together in my own mind and believed that there was a somehow buffered impact in central Michigan leaving no obvious crater or one that had been buffered by overlying glaciers or scraped flat by glaciers. I was initially disappointed when I could find no significant confirmation of an impact I suspected had happened.
All in all every piece of information I get from your discussions I feel is supportive to my own observations and I completely believe you are correct in your theories, for whatever my opinion is worth to you. It also answered for me the question I had about the Alpena- Amberly ridge formed in lake Huron and now understand how it formed from the ejecta marginal ridge, so thanks for that i, in fact I will enjoy driving across that impact site today and will enjoy knowing exactly why the topography is what it is while traversing its southern, central and norther limits.
My background is in chemistry and computer science, but I also threw stones in the mud when I was a kid. As a scientist, I was appalled that the geometry of the Carolina Bays was completely ignored by geologists, and after retirement, I tried to make sense of my observations and apply mathematics to the origin of the bays.
@@Antonio_Zamora I have a couple of hard science doctorates, but not in geology.
"all megafauna would have been ground into paste" .....that is just badass
Great stuff, brilliantly summary well constructed.
great work good Sir.
Another great job, Tony! Particularly interesting are the parts about the black mat. I’m especially interested in the heat aspects as there are some indications of an extreme heat event found at various ruins in Georgia. If the pre-Mayans were the Atlanteans that lived in this part of the world, they seem to have had summer homes in Georgia. Please turn your attention to analyzing what happened outside the zone of Carolina bays. Especially questionable is the premise that if as many ice boulders hit in the ocean that hit the eastern seaboard, it would not have produced a tsunami. It seems like it would have and a big one at that…
Please explain your understanding of what causes tsunamis, and how.
Well, I’m not a scientist, but my understanding is some thing displaces water and makes a wave. If the wave is big enough they call it a tsunami. I have seen that if a big enough piece of ice breaks off a glacier falling into the water suddenly, it can cause a tsunami. Certainly less common than an earthquake at sea, but it still can happen. So, if as much ice hit the ocean, as there was hit land, seems like it would displace a lot of water. Mr. Zamora said the boulders hitting the water would’ve taken place over five minutes. I’ve wanted to ask him if he’s sure about that five minutes.
The estimate that the ice boulders hit the ground from 6 to 9 minutes after the ET impact is based on ballistic equations for launch angles between 35 and 45 degrees. For impacts on water, if the ice impacts had happened all at the same time, they could have triggered a tsunami. However, by hitting at different times, they would have created very choppy seas.
Good summary of the GIH evidence for CBs! Surely a team of geophysicists should take core samples from rims of 50+ elliptical bays from various locations across US/ Canada looking for presence/ absence of inverted stratigraphy, to test hypotheses on bay formation.
Congrats on the views!
Wish we could find some meteor debree that settled in the Great Lakes area
8 megatons per square Km is a serious bombardment !!
46°23'57.26"N, 88° 8'49.50"W
43°48'8.80"N, 71°45'8.23"W
These could just be the result of pareidolia, but they are nearly elliptical with raised rims.
One wonders why there is such resistance to the idea of a catastrophic impact event at the beginning of the YD period in some of the mainstream scientific community? The evidence presented here seems to offer a rational explanation for what happened. One question I have is, why was there a global extinction of the megafauna, not just in North America, if the fall out from the impact(s) was restricted to the current land mass of the US? Is there any evidence that the Scandinavian ice sheet was also struck by extra terrestrial impacts at the same time? Are there any Carolina Bay type structures elsewhere, such as in Eurasia?
Abu Hreyra in Syria and IDK crater in S America also show YDB impact proxies.
North America had an ice-sheet on it, so there was all this flying ice, there were probably impacts into the sea, and other places, but these will be harder to find.
The global extinctions were probably from humans. Wherever we see humans go extinctions follow, but after 10,000 years ago things are often pretty steady, and we even helped biodiversity. The extinctions happened when humans were growing in numbers at an increasing pace, while Earth went through a massive bout of climate change. Even though it was a cooler climate, a rapid rise in temperature will shock every ecosystem. Generally a species can adapt to one or a couple strong pressures, but more than three big changes often results in population decline. We have a tendency to go for the biggest prey item if possible, and consistently removing the healthiest members from a population of herbivores is the best way to cripple any population tha doesn't multiply like rabbits, and it'll hurt them too. We got very good at steering herds of animals into special structures or over cliffs, sometimes the whole herd would be killed since our ancestors didn't want survivors to go back and talk about it, and this probably made sense with mammoths and other elephants. Humanity had never been more numerous, more practiced at big game hunting, and densely populated. The only megafauna that really survived was the toughest stuff that evolved alongside, or despite us. We were also were loosing the most fertile land ever at the time ( the continental shelves). This period is where we start to see signs of modern human societies with the y chromosome diversity dropping as if everyone sent their men to war, there was less space and food, and all the easy to get to land was already inhabited.
We probably also started cultivating, or somehow facilitating the survival of favored plants for us and our prey around the time, or earlier, and then the die off pushed us to start growing more plants for us to eat. Some early forms of plant cultivation had to have spread to the Americas before it was cut off from Asia, since starting from a blank slate you'd expect the same amount of innovation from the same amount of man hours, and the old world always had a lot more people.
@@thetobyntr9540 if humans were the cause of the megafauna die off, shouldn't we expect to at least find some Clovis kill sites in the eastern US? even more, there is largely a lack of late-Pleistocene fossils in the eastern US compared to the western US. how do you explain this anomaly?
@@thetobyntr9540 In 100% agreement with anthro extinction theory but statistical curves and human nature don’t explain proxies we see that definitely are extinction level. Alaskan muck fossil beds are evidence for cataclysmic extinction.
Flying ice blocks
Bingo. The fragments melted.
If they can show the black mat layer is on top of the inverted stratigraphy that could be the smoking gun.
The black mat is found beyond the area of the ballistic sedimentation where the vegetation got smothered by ice crystals and snow. In the area that got bombarded to form the bays, the ice boulders ground up the vegetation and mixed it with the soil so that there was no vegetation layer to rot and form a black mat.
Interesting! Perhaps the interaction/boundary between the layer and the bays could be the "non-smoking gun", if they could be shown to be concurrent and the ice projection actually prevented or "dampened" the outbreak of fires in some areas.
@@jonathanryals9934 While the Black Mat may contain charcoal, the majority of the Mat is algal in composition.
I do not understand why this is not obvious to most Geologists. My boss asked me what I thought they were after looking at images. I thought impact. He laughed. Here we are.
I am in the same boat. I get a lot of negative comments about something that to me makes sense.
Love your research and presentations. Of course people hypothesize Thermokarst Lakes. My question is: Huge ice chunks at such mass and speed to travel that distance and make such wide-spread impressions-while experiencing superheating from atmosphere- is the math feasible for such size of ejection? Claude 3.5 almost rules it out.. if my math/physics were on par, I would figure it out directly and may yet. Cheers! Love the insight and interest you offer.
I suppose you may have addressed my query in this: “Slush balls and slurry cannot make Carolina Bays” I’ll have to check it out. 👍👍
Also, see the video about re-entry: ua-cam.com/video/KUKM3CYsOlE/v-deo.html
The main paleohistory scientific community have tried to debunk Zamoras hypothesis since he published it, but none have come up with a more convincing explanation. The main question should be related to the periodicity of such impacts & resulting bombardment.
It seems the ellipses didn't all form at ~12.9kya, with some at ~33kya (?), suggestive of repeated impacts from such as orbiting comets. With broken up comet Enke being suggested as the culprit, when does its orbit next coincide with arriving near Earth ?
which ones are dated to 33kya?
thanks
Another power punch! The YDB Impact Hypothesis is becoming widely accepted by people who think they are intelligent.
Still puzzling is the abrupt sea level rise at 14ka, then again at 11.6 ka. I hypothesize the 14 ka melt, MWP 1A, was caused by human activity, namely industrial metal extraction not using petrochemicals but thorium/U233 nukes combined with lightning strike harnessing (Re: Pyra-mids, and other megalithic stoneworks. As the ice sheet became more heavily coated with atmospheric lead dust, runaway melt events generated a mass wasting of the ice caps. MWP 1b, at 11.6 ka, was a rebound from the thousand year Bolling Allerod recooling due to the YDB impact fallout.
The sun ✌️
are higher lead amounts found in the ice cores dating to that time?
@@dirtwizard5647 Maybe .
@candui7278 the only way to flash freeze a mammoth eating a buttercup is to vaporize the atmosphere on the other side causing rapid expansion of the atmospheric pressure. Vaporized the ocean and fell back down as glacial snow, ie ice age✌️
@@dirtwizard5647 I suppose 100% light blockage from impact dust would drop temps to flash freeze at high latitude
Rocks unique to Ontario region:
en wikipedia org wiki Geology_of_Ontario
That one bad day. There in Michigan or what was to become Michigan, the glacial ice, many kilometers thick, just suddenly up in space, flying up and eventually down. Such velocity. Whoop on down. On down to make an Impact Basin. The Impact Basins are there even today. You say now 12,900 years ago. Dated you say. Ok Ok Ok Well about that. My focus is a Calendar. Yea just a list of events you know. Like this month, or the year that my mother was born. A Calendar that is 20,000 years for Human Culture. What have we been up to over the last 20,000 years? You know they say that the Mediterranean Sea just filled right up at some point and that the Sahara Desert had a big river right through it. Our "Calendar of events" might include this? There was the "great flood" in our history. A Calendar for Humanity.〰. Just the last 20,000 years. Not so long. We ought to be able to do that. Don't you think??? 〰. (nice one here Antonio, lots of new information ~ thank you so much). 〰✨✨. Just Imagine. ✨✨〰 from New Hampshire. (no Impact Basins here)... ~~~ The ice, it melted. 😊
🙈🤌🏼 ....this is either an elephant orrr Antonio Zamora 🐘
It is the elephant in the room that always gets overlooked.
I like how it is reasonable that something flew in back in the thirties. This whole subject repeatedly brings up the subject of how people think. If one adds ten pebbles of evidence to one side of a balance scale and two extremely porous pebbles to the other, it is ardently defended that the lighter side is heavier......? The logic of antecedence seems to be lost also. Same thing with my work that clearly shows, repeatedly, that Dragons are superbolides, yet genetic memories of dinosaurs, or My Pet Dragon are preferred. Think about it, it travels in the air, is fiery, and scorches the Earth, it must be benevolence, sensuous life giving rivers, sustenance, etc.
Geologists are still sticking with wind as the maker of the bays. there is some evidence...but...
Yes, the wind could have influenced the shape of the bays, but what are the mechanical forces that produced the mathematically precise elliptical shapes over and over?
Wasn't the geological north pole near the hudson bay during this time period? Thoughts on this impact causing the earth to physically shift on it's axis?
No. The energy is many orders of magnitude less than what would be required to change the axis of Earth's rotation.
magnetic pole shift and reversals happen along these timelines
I was just watching the latest video on Randall Carlson's channel, and he mentioned something very interesting there: the Tunguska event left several elliptical holes in the ground (of which he showed photographs). I wonder if there's been any lidar done there?
Cosmic Encounter is my theory
Some have suggested a recurring micronova ejecting material that struck the earth and its ice sheets. another such event could be coming soon as per several authors.
I say they were formed when a magnetosphere compression event caused a plasma arc that blew apart the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
I say: either way, *DUCK*
I dunno anymore...😮 This video changing my Position... I no longer believe Mr.Zamora's Impact Hypothesis. In All due Respect, Sir 🤜So, I noticed the part where Mr.Zamora argues the Obliquity of the C.Bays to be caused by the Angle of the Impactor's Ejecta Cone. But according to a Good Scott Manley YT Video, Meteor Crater's are always Circular due to some complex set of Physics. Shouldnt they be Circular then???🤔😵🧐🤓
A couple of things, here: the ice boulders that were launched into the atmosphere and eventually crashed back into earth would've been travelling much slower than a typical meteor, due to the incredibly high speed, most meteors explode upon impact which typically leaves a circular crater; as for the Carolina Bays, the ground would've been viscous at the time of impact and the projectile would've obliquely penetrated the soil and created an impact funnel which resulted in an ellipse with raised rims on the surface of the earth. It is possible for oblique meteor impacts to create an ellipse; Messier Crater on the Moon is a great example of an elliptical impact crater.
I think we Humans have a far longer history, that we already developped high tech and destroyed previous highly advanced Human civilizations with it. This seems to be the result of tactical nukes launched by a northern country against one or two southern ones.
Zero evidence for any of that.
@@cacogenicist Plenty of evidences, you just need to know where to look. And the Carolina Bays are another evidence, whatever you do you'll never be able to explain them through natural phenomenons. If WW3 happens we would also leave many "geological mysteries" for the future generations.
@@Mr_Friendly_B Zero evidence for any of that.
@@tornadomash00 Repeating this won't make it true, but please provide a credible geological explanation for the Carolina Bays. Not only I'm right but people in power knows this and are hiding it since many centuries : ua-cam.com/video/92PHaIWi1Sk/v-deo.html ua-cam.com/video/A4fsdWS5H4M/v-deo.html
Gaylen Windsor would disagree
My money is on an electrical explanation.
Then you can say goodbye to your money. Electricity does not make elliptical basins with raised rims oriented to the Great Lakes.
But wait, what if large scale electric plasma discharge(s) struck the ice sheet, excavating the great lakes and at the same time ejecting large ice blocks across the entire country? A singular impact from a comet or asteroid makes no sense.
@mattmiller4971 But wait! What if a comet hit the ice sheet and ejected ice boulders? Then, any electrical discharges for which there is absolutely no evidence would not make sense.
@@Antonio_Zamora Comets don't hit the Earth, only whats left of them after they disintegrate in the atmosphere.
@thedarkmoon2341 not really, as shown, a comet may break up by gravitation forces in space but if held together and over 5,10, 15, 20, 30 or up to 50 km in size, the low density acts like a sponge and just moves the atmosphere. The comet and ice sheet obliterate themselves in a super high pressure steam explosion, with a pressure glacial tsunami uplifting most of the ice sheet, both sending and propelling ice chunks far and wide.
Bro you're obsessed! You got to let this shit go. We get it. It's obvious. What you want? A trophy?
Thanks for your comment. You get it. That is good, but Wikipedia still says that the Carolina Bays originated from thermokarst and professional geologists don't believe me when I demonstrate that the bays have mathematically elliptical geometry. You are smart. You get it, but I have to repeat the message many times for those who are slower than you.
😅😅 oooh boy... take a look at electric/plasma universe, if you dare to get out of that little main stream pseudo science box...
Show me an experiment where the electric/plasma universe creates a perfectly elliptical geological structure with raised rims like the Carolina Bays. Then I will take you seriously.
@@Antonio_Zamora sure, take a look at the "thunderbolts project", or "suspicious observers", or just stay inside that little box, you'll see proof probably in less than 20 years. Good luck on that.
I had hypnotized this myself but wasn't sure of origination(didn't ever think to pull the angles🥲That's pretty brilliant 👏). I had thought of the gravitational anomalies on the south pole as the impact area but it always seemed way too big. Scientists hypnotize the 74,000-year-old data may be due to the passing of a brown dwarf star through the Oort cloud casting icey bodies toward the Earth. Also, it may have caused a small extinction, a pole flip, and a volcanic eruption. That may be why some of those are reading later. Then there's the Solar system's dynamic, in relation to, the Milky Way's ecliptic positioning. That's also another theory Scientists have put forth for our pole reversals and transitions through Interstellar material. That and Sedna's cycle is a long hypothesis for icey small body impacts cyclically. But nonetheless, you did an amazing job and I enjoyed your presentation. 😁
Oh, and my contention with radiocarbon data is that we know radioactive decay is affected by solar activity. This makes me less inclined to trust its veracity. It may get you in the ballpark though. Radioactive decay is amplified during heavy solar cycles. They have also taken note of this in cancer treatment. Something to think about. Also, radioactive decay breaks down mineral composition to some degree. Wigner effect.
Solar activity affects the initial ratio of 14C to 12C. It does not affect radioactive decay constants. The variance in initial ratios can be found in carbonates, like corals, which can also be dated using U-Th disequalibirum techinques. The calader year of a radiocarbon date is then calibrated to back calculate the initial ratio from. This correction changes the interpretation of the age by 5-15%, depending on the intensity (or dirth) of solar activty. It is an extremely well studied system. The biggest varience is caused by the material dated typically
study of soil gases was made in North Carolina (USA) in and around morphological depressions called "Carolina bays." This type of depression is observed over the Atlantic coastal plains of the USA, but their origin remains debated. Significant concentrations of molecular hydrogen (H2) were detected, notably around the bays. These measurements suggest that Carolina bays are the surficial expression of fluid flow pathways for hydrogen gas moving from depth to the surface. The potential mechanisms of H2 production and transport and the geological controls on the fluid migration pathways are discussed, with reference to the hypothesis that Carolina bays are the result of local collapses caused by the alteration of rock along the deep pathways of H2 migrating towards the surface. The present H2 seepages are comparable to those in similar structures previously observed in the East European craton.
How they explain the orientation of the bays would be interesting as well...
maybe this is because the ice boulders left faults in the strata below the bays that allowed this subterranean gas to escape primarily at these locations.