Making Non-Electric Circuits With Computer Logic
Вставка
- Опубліковано 18 січ 2024
- Check out Spintronics here:
store.upperstory.com/?...
See my video about the marble computer here:
• A Computer That Runs o...
Shop the Action Lab Science Gear here: theactionlab.com/
Checkout my experiment book: amzn.to/2Wf07x1
Twitter: / theactionlabman
Facebook: / theactionlabofficial
Instagram: / therealactionlab
Snap: / 426771378288640
Tik Tok: / theactionlabshorts - Наука та технологія
“Every model is wrong, but some are useful” is one of my all time favorite sayings. I model various systems for work whether that’s logistics, commodity movements/prices, or industrial chemical processes (ChE by degree). Every single model is wrong in some way (ESPECIALLY if using some sort of machine learning) but they all get the job done just fine.
Y
Ew a ChE degree the egos is smelly in here
@@skydivenext you have a problem with my degree?
@@Ryush806I would expect a fellow engineer to be of a higher level than engaging in fights in a UA-cam comments section. It’s the epitome of immaturity I would only expect from an under sixteen year old to present. And you give both chemical engineering and yourself a bad name.
@@BritishEngineer I was asking if the problem was my degree specifically or something else I said that engendered the ad hominem attack. Not sure how that was read as engaging in a fight unless you’re constantly looking for one.
I'll take a wild guess, but in 2 months some madman is playing Doom on this thing.
I'm more than sure that it can run it
unfortunately I think circuits that large would have so much resistance that the strength of the chains would become a bottleneck (a battery strong enough to power the circuit would just break the chains)
@@vibaj16alternatively you would need so many of these cirquits that you would just be making a room sized computer
Making a CPU out of chains is extremely hard. Not only the resistance will be so high that you would need to apply an insane amount of force (probably more than the chain can handle), but it's also likely to be larger than 50 average rooms.
yeah, processors are giant if we go to the macro level
Oh, also inertia of the chain wouldn't allow it to run anywhere near DOOM's minimal processor frequency requirements.
Waiting to see @Electroboom experimenting with Spintronics and getting shocked by it.
Static electricity is no joke! Just ask a van der graph generator
@@georgesmith4768mr boom has already made videos about van de graph and even made one him self
I'm imagining small circular saws and tens of thousands of spin volts. Horrors beyond our comprehension.
@@mgancarzjr that's too bad.
I am sure he can find a way to shock himself with it.
Mind blowing fact : While he was fiddling with Maxwell's equations, J. H. Poynting showed that in an electric circuit, the energy is conveyed ***outside*** the wire. The wire only acts as a "road" guiding the energy form the battery to the load. The EM activity (E & B fields) is maximal outside the wire. The only energy appearing inside the wire is waste heat. This irrefutable fact collides head-on with most of our analogies about electricity (edit : for practical purposes, the chain analogy used by Action Lab is indeed possibly the best analogy available (far better than electron being "small marbles of matter" endowed with kinetic energy) , and the Spintronic toys are great and fantastic way to "grasp" electricity- I wholeheartedly recommend them. We must just remember that reality is even more mysterious- as the energy seems to travel in what we call a "vacuum")
Since it is obvious that the magnetic field is outside the wire, it should be expected that the electric field is also outside.
C P Steinmetz made that point also.
There was a veritasium video on it too with some controversy as well
Skin effect.
@@MitzvosGolem1 This is not skin effect. Skin effect happens only in AC. The Poynting vector shows that energy travels outside the wire both in DC and AC scenarios
It is well known fact but that energy releases itself in the electrical load only by accelerating the mobile charges in the load. Even the setting up and propagation of those fields are dependent and closely linked to the moving charges in the conductor. Veritasium's video on the topic has a little fact laced in a lot of inaccurate and wrong reasons and examples wrapped around it.
I have this set & the extensions and I confirm it's super fun to build and operate those circuits!
Oh, and it's actually humbling to realize how easy it is to just "burn" a circuit by designing one that when switched on just destroys itself because you forgot to add resistance on every path and it short circuits dumping all energy at once :)
haha, yes, I did it multiple times accidentally, and it is quite surprising. Luckily they have the breaker inside the "battery"
No@@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist5
@@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist5 take your spam somewhere else
It's come full circle! I'm so old I was taught multivibrators using transistors as switches before CPUs existed. Bi- and monostable versions. The base level circuits logic gates are based on. I learned as they were put together on chips. 555, ... I literally designed those gates to a component level and board design. But once it got to hundreds and then thousands of them on a CPU chip, I decided to just sell the stuff instead! 🙂
But to see mechanical devices in place of those simple transistor circuits is going full circle back for me.
And glad you gave an h/t to Veritasium's video that started a long, long, long... 🙂
Old!
@@StopItGarrison And experienced. 🙂
I remember being fascinated about Charles Babbage who made a mechanical computer back in the 1800s. A full scale one was actually built and it works!
Working in the medical engineering field for many years, there were many devices that stand out.
The Monaghan 225 ventilator was a fluidics only ventilator.
Absolutely no electronics.
The internal modules were the sensors and various logic devices, all powered by air and O2.
It would not be affected by EMF.
What a fantastic visual. As an electronics instructor this would be a great tool. Thanks for sharing
Nope. This gives a completely incorrect impression of how logic and circuitry works. I hope you are never stupid enough to use this teach.
The real surprising thing about this video is the amount of times i had to pause to understand what was going in ;D
I suspect the really hard part of building a computer this way, aside from cost & labor, would be timing. As folks who've worked with FPGAs know, things go very wrong if you can't predict the delays for signals to get from one point in the circuit to another. With mechanical backlash that seems like it becomes a lot harder.
Yes and no. You can just assume more delays and wait for those longer, slowing down your computation until it is reliable.
FANTASTIC demonstration.
We need even more videos about this. I first saw this product on Steve Mould, but I always wanted expansion on the topic. I like your use of the blue links in the chain. Truth tables are also a neat feature to show. I love how using real physical analogies can explain very low level computing. We often forget that the word Computer = a device that can compute logic through gates exactly like this.
Circuits have always been a mystery to me. It's great how simply you explained it here. 👍👍👍👍
Back in the sixties, I was given a toy computer that you assembled called Digicomp.
It was plastic gears and metal poles to hold it together. The idea was based on the first large main frame computers and you would input switches, turn the gears and an answer would crank out.
That sounds ridiculous and I love it.
@@kindlinIt sounds ridiculously stupid.
Ridiculous but absolutely true!.
I wish I still had it. I think the reasoning was based on the Babbit computing system only in miniature.
I sort of got it to work. The problem was I was only eleven, had no idea how it was supposed to be assembled despite the instructions, no idea what the purpose was and absolutely no help.
It would be a collectors item now!
I had one, but it was never quite clear to me how it worked.
This is really cool. What a great way to teach people how to understand electronics.
So cool to actually visualise it like that.
I will definitely be buying one of their products.
Man… felt like you read ma mind when you mentioned Veritasium haha.
But its great that you highlighted that, its always amazing to see fellows respect and value each other opinion, and helps us little nerds keep the wires connected properly in our brains 😂
Wise words at the end. That video by Veritasium really made me rethink electricity but it's so useful to have a good intuitive analog
this video just made my day
I think I might have to buy this set at some point. Clockwork stuff makes me go feral. To see such a magnificent series of cogs and gears running wild to achieve a singular purpose is just blissful.
I have a hypothesis: The magnetic field around wires in spintronics is represented by centrifugal force
How so?
@@puskajussi37 inductor in electronics creates a magnetic field, and an inductor in spintronics uses centrifugal force to create inertia.
@@user-by2io7zv2t Centrifugal force is not really at play here, self-inductance is just represented by the linear and angular momentum of the chain and components, including in the spintronics version of inductor as a component.
i think the title should be "Making Computer Logic With Non-Electric Circuits"
best way to understand electrical engineering for mechanical students
Thanks for your video. 40 years ago I built logic circuits with air at Festo Pneumatic. Now almost all of that has been replaced by the PLC. It is still used in potentially explosive atmospheres.
@6:48 If you want to be super pedantic, you only need the NAND & the NOR. You can make the NOT by tying the two inputs of either the NAND & the NOR together. And if you want to get really mad, you can make the NOR from 4 NANDs (tie the inputs of the first two NANDs together (ie. make them into NOT gates) and use them as the inputs to the third NAND. Finally tie the inputs of the fourth NAND and the output of the third NAND together)
So really you can build any logic circuit out of just NAND gates.
Would have liked to have heard mention of Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine (which he never got to build, but some modern researchers are planning to do, having seen that replicas of his simpler Difference Engine actually work).
I thought that was where he was going with this video to be honest.
Same
In a given subject, an individual's expertise should be measured by their ability to communicate it easily, simply, and clearly.
Regardless of the theory we teach, without imparting this skill, understanding remains elusive.
I applaud this sentiment and the type of explanation.
What a great kit!
SpinTronics and Turing Tumble are two of my all time favorite learning games.
I remember when learning semiconductor electronics, that I learned about "holes" conducting from positive to negative, which is not exactly true. What happens is that electrons in the valence band jump toward an empty spot, leaving a new empty spot in the process as they try to move from negative to positive, causing the apparent movement of the empty spots, called "holes". But for the sake of argument, conduction band electrons move from negative to positive, and "holes" move from positive to negative.
The electron holes are almost as real as the dressed electrons in that band. The dressed electron has a real particle at its core, but would have negative effective mass. The hole is has positive effective mass but is not a dressed version of a real electron.
Holes even have apparent mass and charge. They are, for intents and purposes, real particles. Well, until you try and collide them and you get nada.
This was the first time I've heard this explanation, and whilst I can appreciate it's wrongness, it has helped clarify my mental model of electronics somewhat.
It just destroyed my mind, sir I really request you if you can make a full set explanation video about it. I really want to know but i don't think anything will be equal to your beautiful explanation
Old aviation equipment used very complex mechanical calculators for computing things like airspeed. Not analogous to these spintronics but mechanical calculators are a real thing
That's right and the channel Curious Marc is covering a restoration of a Bendix Air Data computer.
Great video 👍
This is mind blowing 🤯
True, Veritasium clearly doesn't see the value of using abstraction and simplified models in solving practical engineering problems. Ironically, while debunking the chain-of-balls model of current flow, Derek himself forgot that electrons are not really particles, but are quantum field fluctuations. Which, in turn, could be vibrating one-dimensional strings. But all that is irrelevant when designing electrical and electronic circuits. In fact, we don't even consider individual electrons; we model electricity as the flow of a charged fluid-a continuum-and do calculations accordingly.
Electrons are NOT quantum field fluctuations. There is no such thing as one dimension strings. Quantum physics is a fucking joke! Electrons ARE particles!
I think this set really shines at simulating analog electrical circuts. Basicaly, you can model electricity with a mechanical system because you have only three types of base elements: proportional (friction/resistance), integrating (mass/inductance) and differentiating (spring/capacitance). What's also interesting, is that inductors and capacitors switch their roles if instead of input voltage, you consider input current.
Wow. You are just wrong.
Funny thing is spintronic sometimes used to describe electric phenomenon which can be modified by spin manipulation. Example by changing electron spin you can change the circuit resistance.
Wow thank you
You can use water flow in pipes too
I really wished I had this toy/tool as a kid. I love science but always had the hardest time grasping practical electrical engineering. Like I could never figure out the electronic science sets as a kid. The rest I nailed. And this would've helped me visualize it so much instead of looking at those dang maze of diagrams.
But seriously I think this is such a great idea! I wish I had this when I was a kid, I would have LOVED it! Well...still now also. But it would have helped me understand this stuff much earlier!
Man this would’ve helped me BIG TIME for electric circuits in AP Physics 1!
Pretty cool!
as soon as i saw the chain analogy i was wondering if you were gonna mention the veritasium video lol. but as you pointed out, still a useful analogy
Wow this was cool.
Note that the reason chains model electric circuits so well is because that's how we invented them. Circuits are designed to be predictable and reproducible which limits the more exotic aspects of electricity like field interactions which become a thing in wireless technology.
I actually get this for Christmas
Look up the Mk 1 Fire Control Computer. It was an analog device that used the concepts explained in this vid.
Action Lab the best
One amazing thing you missed about this model is that you showed the core reason why computers get hot: when you have a NOT gate (alone or in a more complex circuit), then in one of the states you have to let current through to the ground. This is shown as your gears spinning, and the generator consuming its thread.
There are different ways of getting a 3-valued logic. You could have pairs of inputs, which is actually 4 valued if the underlying circuit is binary, but you could also have a switch that is either on, off, or partially on. I wonder if you can do that with spintronics
thats the quantum gates right
Sorry but elaborate please. Even I understood how quantum bit(s) logic works, what is "partially on"? I know and quite understood how quantum logic had such like "half value" but "interference" is still a big problem rather than just accepting those chain & tube model as simplification how electric field works.
We can no longer say this is the logic of all computers. We now have quantum computers which are not just on or off.
They should absolutely teach this in schools...
NO FUCKING WAY!
So, a complicated mechanical watch that is only run by a spring could calculate/tell the time, day, month, year, including leap years, moon phase, a chronometer with split seconds, perpetual calendar, chime the hours, play simple melodies, can tell sunrise and sunsets, can tell when to celebrate Easter/Passover, sympathetic resonance, measure temperature, (and there is also a resistor when you run the minute repeater) among many things. The only off-logic to it is why the heck you pay $1.5 million to strap it on your wrist.
THE VISUAL IS ILLUSION UNDERRATED❗️💛💛💛
Imagine the size and complexity of an i9 processor built with these.
the industrial revolution is when we went from cogwheels to electronics so i think this is a perfect way to learn
One interesting machine
Can you make a video on science behind thermal paste spread and what is most pratical and pattern to put thermal paste
Continuation of spintronics
that puzzle mast been at all schools at physics classes of entire world!
I made an XOR gate in the spintronics simulator.
My Lego chain is only long enough to go around the little gear on the engine and the other little gear on the back wheel of the 'the batman batcycle'. So it's really short and I'm pretty sure it wouldn't make very much electricity like yours. The batcycle is really cool though.
What other video of yours do you use that tube and chain analogy in? I swear I've seen it before.
Technically, NAND is Turing complete, since you can use it to make every other logic gate, so you only need that one.
No you can't. You need AND and OR as well, genius!
correct way to phrase it would be to say that NAND is functionally complete, although using it as the only gateway in this mechanical representation would be challenging xD
Steve Mould made an epic video on these things, still I am going to watch this one as well.
btw Can we run doom on it. somehow
You're asking the important questions
Oh no, Now that you've asked, someone will sure create a computer to run doom
@@GCKteamKrispymaybe some one already did.
Cool that it can be a physical model, but I'd be happy to get a virtual version of this.
01:38 Umm... you _don't_ want to connect an LED directly to a 9V battery-unless, of course, you deliberately want to destroy the LED. 😲
my minds blown
Every Veritasium video is wrong too, but they're still useful and fun as 99% is correct.
Didnt Steve Mould do a video about a this a year ago? I thought it looked familiar as soon as i seen the thumbnail. Maybe one day you two could do a collaboration about something like this video.
Very cool. Reminds me of people making electronics in Minecraft
I think Upperstory needs to get one of these kits in the hand of Wintergatan. :D
Our ancestors had computer logic built into the city itself.
I liked how he mentioned veritassium's video. I was thinking about it the time he showed the chain model.
Very niche set, I have no idea how many people would actually be looking for a set like this if they didn’t know about it….
Simultaneously silly and cool.
Actually only one of NAND or NOR gate can do anything. It's such a cool stuff.
finally you saw this thing :)
It actually kind of does coincide with Veritasium’s video as the energy technically only flows one direction.
WOW LIKE A FAN! OF COMPUTERS!
Does the junction adjust the gear ratio?
I am mind blown. This is the first time electricity has actually made sense to me.
They have a totally free in-browser simulation for it too. So you don't have to spend money on the physical kit, you can do the same with the PC version :P
I can’t wait to play steam on a clockwork mechanical computer.
Watch it be the size of a skyscraper
Switching the pixels mechanically will be fun :D
PERFECT 0.1 FPS EXPERIENCE@@Yusso
My brain hurts in a good way
I love this spintronics thingie..... And I desired it from the day I saw it in Veritasium's vdo ! But the fact that it costs so much, makes me feel sad😢
Looks like someone finally discovered "Computing Mechanisms and Linkages" by Antonin Svoboda.
Water flowing through pipes is also a great analogy for electricity. 👍
i just got my son one of those for christmas
While simple switches would not work, the transistors in act 2 are a way to make the circuit work with multiple logic gates.
Hey, I've noticed you do a lot of experiments on vacuums. But are you able to do an experiment on the curshinh pressures of the depths of the ocean?
So cool
The issue of loss of energy due to flow through the wires or electromagnetic induction (or electromagnetic self-induction) is mostly a problem just for physicists. Engineers have more ,,practical" approach - ,,hey, this or that can happen in reality, so beware of that, but for now let's pretend it's not there". I see how it can become an issue, if e.g. a high-current wire is right beside a low-current one, but other than that (and maybe some disruption-preventing measures) we can ignore it for a moment. And that is one of the reasons, why concept of electric hydroanalogy (showing a flow of electricity in analogue to flow of a liquid in a pipe) is still in use.
Reminds me about the video from codebullet about the software marble calculator he made.
seems like , perhaps, what part of the Antikythera mechanism was for or worked like this
What would be analogous to the EM fields around the wire?
The arrangement of the axis points looks like where power grid poles might be. 2nd thessalonians chapter 2 might be in order
Plz plz can u give intution for emf and voltage with this device