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Light passing by the Schwarzschild black hole
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- Опубліковано 1 жов 2023
- White circle is the event horizon. Light trajectories are calculated using Hamiltonian mechanics. The Hamiltonian of a particle is the time component of its 4-momentum, derived from the length of 4-momentum in a given space-time metric (in case of light the length is zero) as a function of canonical cooridantes and momenta.
Awesome way to visualize the photons getting flung out into the void. The soundtrack was a good choice as well.
Yes. Awesome soundtrack 👍
Cheers from Canada
and Merry Christmas
🎄🪆🪅🧸⛄🛷🎅
It’s one of the defaults on the UA-cam NCS library lol. I know because I used it myself back when I was a goofy goober farming YT shorts
Btw what's the name of the track?
And if you think of it in reverse, wherever these photons came from, this is what you would see if you looked at this part of the black hole. You'd see the whole circumference of the event horizon a little more than once on itself, then a little less than a 360° view of space squished right next to it
@@hashbrown777 Kind of like this ⚫
Maybe a weird question, but do some photons get into the orbit of a black hole?
edit: Thanks for all the answers! From what I've learnt, yes it's possible for photons to orbit a black hole, and the place where they do this is called the photon sphere. However, this wouldn't be a stable orbit
Possibly yes I would not know without going into research and shit but likely it does
yes, but the orbit is so unstable that it does not last a long time
Just a thought, since light has no mass the light can’t ‘orbit’ in the normal sense, but if there was a line of space warped exactly around the black hole where if light entered at a perfect tangent it may become trapped perfectly between a region falling into the black hole and a region with the possibility of escape. So if a light ray exactly hit the event horizon at it’s tangent it may theoretically loop around the black hole untill something disturbs the gravities center even a tiny amount. This is assuming light as being relativistic, if you use quantum mechanics I have only a blurry idea of what may happen as we’d have to imagine part of the light ‘wave’ would intercept the event horizon and it may be impossible to determine as discriminating between light which falls into the black hole and light which orbits the black hole is functionally the same to an outside observer.
@@jacobfield3951 doesn't light does have a mass? or at least a moving mass, as it has Energy and thus also mass (moving mass)
I don't think they do, because the process should be reversible, but if we reverse it then they would just fly back to the starting position and proceed to fly in that direction, so there shouldn't be a periodic orbit around black hole for this light beam
as a supermassive black hole, i can confirm, this is 100% accurate
same
Wait how is information escaping from you?
everyone who replies to this comment will be consumed. *realization*
@@qt_qt_qtaaaaaAAAAA-
We'll be consumed if we reply?
That's not possib̷-̷_̶_̴-̸͉̻̃_̸̞̬̥̏̈́͑͑-̷̯͆́͐-̴̞͍͂̓_̸̥̮̦͓͒̓l̸̡̧̘̖̄͒-̷̧̙̋͆́̀_̶̡̜̳̹̆̊_̸̨̙͂̈́͋͘-̵̡̘̫͙̌̀̅̒̅̊͆͐͆͆̐̀̉̔̀͘̕͝ͅ-̷̨̢̢̗̫̦̱̟̳̹̩̹͎̬͓͓̙̭̘̟̤̣̎̔̍͜_̵̢̧̢̜͍̘̲̪̗̳̻̜͉̩̟͎̫͇͇̗̇͌̐̿͐͐̆͗̍̉͊̉́͜ͅḙ̴̣̩̰̻̣̃̈́-̴̩͔̦̖͙͚͍̹̦̬͕̻̰̖̹̖͍̖͙̭̔-̴̡̦̭̠͖͕̩̱̩̘͚̯̺͕̰̤̙̙̺̘̊̊̈́̈̽͗̀̆̽̌̍͆̍̌̈́̚͘̕͜͜͝͝ͅͅ
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its interesting how none of the planar light goes in the original direction, but in every other direction.... please do more of these, with larger sheets of planar light!
There are paths that loop around the black hole any number of times and emerge in the original direction.
Even more interesting, some just go around and end up going back (shifted "down", but parallel)
It's almost a (flipping) mirror
@@JonatasAm That is an interesting point to make 👍
the light goes.. nowhere ahahahahhaha
It's*
The reason light which was closer to the black hole moved slower than light which was farther up is because the black hole warps space-time in a way that slows down the information travelling outward from it. Essentially, the light was slower only from our point of view, and from the point of view of that light, it was moving at it's regular speed.
One way to put it is, this video is rendered in some coordinate system (probably Schwarzschild coordinates plotted as if they were cylindrical), but "coordinate velocity" is not true velocity in an inertial frame.
Nope. Light travels at the same speed from every reference point. Thats why we get time dilation and weirdness.
@@ziggyzogginYou've assumed that the whole simulation is observed from ONE reference point. That need not be the case. Each pixel can be in its own reference frame, and be moving through time at it own pase. If that would be the case then each pixel would see the light moving at the speed of light, but if you compare the displacement of light between the reference frames you get a nonsensical result - different speeds of light. The constancy of the speed of light isn't the point of this video so it's understandable that the author didn't bother to keep it constant if it made the calculations easier
Nah. Light goes at the speed of light no matter what.
@@feliksporeba5851No, there's one reference point. There's no "pixels" in the mathematics behind this video. The math *does* assume *one* reference point - the origin of whatever coordinate system was chosen.
Does this mean it would be possible to see an older and warped image of an object superimposed onto itself? Like the light does a full rotation around the black hole and gets slingshotted a way in the same trajectory as light that just got slightly curved?
Yep.
technically yea, but the second copy of the image would be many many orders of magnitude less bright
Yes, in principle you'd see nested rings around the black hole containing distorted images of the whole sky, from light looping around the hole multiple times. In practice this is hard to see, but gravitational lensing does sometimes produce multiple images of the same object behind the lensing object.
ye there was actually a supernova which astronomers photographed no less than 4 times, predicting the 4th observation a year later, because the light travelled around a black hole. there's a veritasium video about it.@@MattMcIrvin
Could the difference in timing of the appearance of the rerun image be used to measure size of the black hole?
Ants when too many of their friends have to backtrack:
Imagine being a flashlight and seeing this happen to your brothers
Put this on repeat & sit your stoned friends in front of it until their high wears off.
That's wild. This means that looking at a black hole you would also see yourself.
Depends from where comes from the light that you are scattering with your body and where you are, because as you can see there trayectories where light lies any other way out to the event horizon.
And going realistically speaking, you may not see it if black hole got a light disk around (created by a black hole that constantly "eats")
As a tiny dot or die afterward.
@@czar6203 Yeah, if you see your face in there, it is safe to assume that you are a big time gonzo.
Photons on the edge: wee gravity assist
The light will eventually get sucked into the blackhole for not even light can escape
Fascinating! Great visualization.
If light does this around a black hole it makes me wonder MORE and not LESS what we're looking at. I mean, we're only seeing what's behind it and not at the actual thing causing it. It's sooooo intriguing.
Your channel looks like deepest Mandelbrot zoom
This is funny because from the perspective of a massless photon traveling at the speed of light, there is no space and time at all. Just imagine how unaware photons are of their surrounding. It's just that we, the slow ones, perceive them this way. What if our world also travels at the maximum speed through some more complex environment that we cannot perceive as the emission time and arrival at the destination is the same for us but not for external observers.
Does that mean that under certain angle I can see myself next to the black hole due to the bending of light?
Yea and at one angle you could also see the back of yourself because some of the light orbits the black hole
no its not.. nothing gets past a blackhole// its a density a billion times denser than the densest medal.. get a grip folks..@@zemanntill
May the Schwarz be with you.
This just looks cool on its own with the music and all
When people say "black holes are so strong that light cant even escape." That saying only describes the nature of event horizon, but people always imagine beams of light curving into the black hole, but you wont see light beams curving into a black hole, the light would never reach your eyes, the saying only explains the nature of the event horizon. I always had a problem when this isn't specified when people say this to regular people to be misinterpreted. I know this video isn't what this is saying and is only representing lights trajectory and not what you actually see, I just want to say what I did since its always been on my mind.
"Schwarzchild"
Easiest german word:
Light thinks it travels faster than anything but it is wrong. No matter how fast light travels it finds the darkness has always got there first and is waiting for it.
Rip Terry Pratchett
they say not even light can escape the balck hole, but it seems to me that it escaped.
Fun fact, every single photon takes a straight line.
The calculations are wrong, light does not slow down when it is falling in a gravitational field, it always falls at the speed of light, it only slows down when it's going up, one can easily see this by imagining a gravitational light clock hovering above the event horizon, in such a way that it is perpendicular to the surface, when light goes up in the clock it is slowed down, when it falls back down, it falls at the speed of light, this gives you the gravitational simultaneity, and you can clearly see that in the Lorentz diagram.
So you're saying that with a telescope powerful enough we can see earth's reflection from a black hole, and see it as it was billions of years ago? fun.
Imagine using a flashlight and getting hit by that light.
its crazy to me how some of them do more than a whole orbit around the black hole
So basically the light that went back the same trajectory it came from, is acting as a much less brighter and distorted image of itself.. like a mirror
Image looking at a black hole and seeing your own face because the light got flung around back at you
Imagine: A star orbits the Schwartzchild Black Hole, far enough so it doesn't get torn apart by tidal forces and the black hole's immense gravity, but close enough so each time it emits light, the photons do this.
What’s crazy is that the light is all moving at the same speed here… and space is just warped.
Would this make it possible to see what is behind other celestial objects, even other black holes? I imagine it would require an extremely accurate picture, but theoretically?
look up gravity lens
not only can we, but gravitational lenses (as the name suggests) actually can allow us to see objects at a greater distance than normal due to collecting a much wider angle of light and focusing it back to a point, allowing us to see light from a source when it would be so diffuse that we could no longer image it under normal circumstances!
As for other celestial objects, if the object in question emitted any light, it would drown out anything you'd be able to see with a gravitational lens, so it works with just black holes really
@@sage5296 nope, it can work with Stars too. you just have to cover the star itself basically. There are theorhetical plans to turn our Sun into a giant Telescope. Problem is that the Focal point is really far out, like beyond Neptune.
Galaxies work as Gravity Lens too, but here it is pure coincidence if it lenses something useful to us (see Einstein Cross/Ring), and i know of one Star that JWST recorded which is lensed to us from a Galaxy in between. if it werent for that Galaxy we couldnt resolve it.
We do this exact thing with stars and galaxies all the time. It's very difficult to do it with black holes since they're usually so hard to find and the ones we can find are often found because there's a bunch of stuff around them which will obscure the view.
no.. nothing gets around a blackhole
this was really cool
0:52 omg golden ratio
And time dilation is also here, very nice
*light passing by*
Black Hole: “why don’t you stop and stay awhile?”
that one photon that got spun around 360 and then let loose when the one right behind him got sucked in: 😰
Dont forget this is happening within the blink of an eye
how many light beams have been simulated in total?
1000 light beams. 618 of them were consumed by black hole.
that was so satisfying that I moaned uncontrollably
food for thought. the light path is the same for emitted light. the fact light rays from a single direction ended up touching all of the black hole also means that an observer sees all sides of the black hole when looking at it.
If you are looking at a black hole you see all of its surface area in a single glance. like seeing all sides of a dice when looking at it.
So in your next game of cosmic hide and seek remember this: you can hide behind a black hole.
I want to see a 3D version of this on a rotating black hole to show how frame dragging over the poles and across the equator can create an Einstein cross lens
How amazing it looks, when this black hole can even bend light into the snail-shell shape😮
97.77777777777777777777777777777%
1.618
A rather peculiar occurrence. Thanks for sharing. 8 months and no uploads, finally you're back
But the escape velocity isn't low enough for the light to escape the gravitational field, it should get all inside the hole
Escape velocity isn't really applicable for general relativity. Even light that is as close to event horizon as possible can escape if it moves directly outwards from it.
@@pavelrozhkov3239 oh 👍
Question 1: What is the total and differential scattering area of a Schwarzschild black hole?
Probably divergence and curl.
no its not.. nothing gets past a blackhole// its a density a billion times denser than the densest medal.. get a grip folks..
@@johnnyllooddte3415 ???
@@johnnyllooddte3415 It's density is fathomable is what you're saying?
Watching this on 2x speed and staring at the circle in the center is a psychadelic experience
Nice effort. Somehow I cannot accept it as an accurate simulation.
Empress of light attacks be like:
That is more realistic and what happens black holes are so dense that not even light can escape so it just gets sucked
looks like the fibonacci sequence
IF this is accurate...we have no idea what the true direction to anything far away really is. ALL the light traveling through the universe is "bent" by gravity from many sources. It's bend into many directions. The animation shows the light being redirected a complete 360 degrees...making it "appear" to an observer that the light that actually came in the from the rights...was actually "coming from" the black hole itself. Maybe many "objects" that shine...are really light being bent from black holes.
i like how it slows down when it is approaching the horizon.
Remember folks photons are maseless. What you see here is not the effect the blackhole is having on the photons but its effect on space time itself.
I have a question
Wouldn't light that's being pulled by a black hole be faster than light that isn't?
Seeing that simulation, you can see the top half has a lead.
So....wouldn't that mean light has gone faster than the speed of light?
Came for the science, stayed for the vibe!
Great illustration.
I hate UA-cam - 25 seconds of ads before and 15 seconds after. Ugh.
I'd like to see this technique used to render realistic 3d gravitational lensing simulations
I heard that the blackhole in the movie Interstellar is realistically rendered.
@lucasdasilva23 it is actually, but it's not open source
There is the game Space Engine which does a fairly good job simulating all that. There are videos on youtube of ingame flights into black holes and it looks pretty much the way physics describes it.
Light: I got all the time in the universe to pass this black hole.
Look at that part of the light which is sent back towards the source. In some way black holes act as mirrors in space.
"If even light could not escape me what hope have you?"
If this Schwartzchild , imagine what a Schwartzadult would be like 😮
I see what you did there!! I feel obligated to mention the name should be pronounced more like Schwartzshield though, just because almost no one, not even in the science community say it right.
You have The Ring. And I can see your Swartz is as big as mine.
I watch this now Knowing that in 100 years it will be proved otherwise
Thought this was a Geometry Dash level when I saw the thumbnail
If light passes by blackholes this way. And, our universe is full of them. We can't trust any observation because of warped light by gravity.
Cool 👍
Cheers from Canada
and Merry Christmas
🎄🪆🪅🧸⛄🛷🎅
This means that many of the images of stars we see with our telescopes may come from places no where near where their trajectories may suggest.
You could do some redshift too, it could be very cool to watch!
Did I just see a new demonstration of Phi, the golden ratio?
It looks like the shell of a pearly nautilus.
A black hole is a dense region that has its strong gravitational pull that nothing. Not even light can escape.
This is why they appear so black and dark.
So it’s either absorbed or flung out of orbit?! Wow!
I don't understand. The light shouldn't be moving in a straight line so close to the black hole. Space curves towards its center, the light should have been shown moving a curved path
It's worth noting that the bright circle we see around the black hole is not the event horizon. It would be nice if this animation included both the photon sphere and the event horizon.
Beautiful visualization. I have a doubt, around 0:15 seconds the outer photons seems to travel faster than the ones closer to the photosphere, given that the warping is more extreme in the stright line facing it, shouldn't be the outer photons slower than the others? Great job!!!
Thanks! Light slows down because time goes slower near the event horizon.
@@pavelrozhkov3239yep, very nice
@@pavelrozhkov3239 If you cross far enough into the EH, Space and Time swaps entirely!
@@pavelrozhkov3239 But light speed stays constant, no matter the reference point
@ziggyzoggin Nah, speed of light is relative. Space is the only constant.
it looks like a nautilus for a moment, so cool!
The music reminds me of those old miniclip flash games. Kids will google it, they can't know what I'm saying.
but we really don't know until we can find one to test with
The youtube algorithm has blessed this video with 112K views
Why do the photons further from the singularity seem to lead photons that are closer in the first few seconds? That doesn't make sense to me
Time slows down in the gravity well
@@Machine_State I figured that had to be the case as soon as I posted. Thank you!
Light moves at a constant speed, so when the closer ones begin to move down towards the black hole, they lose speed in the left direction, which makes it look like they are falling behind.
@@katawaya8101as far as I know the requirement that light only move at a constant speed only applies to a flat space time which a blackhole isn’t
@Machine_State Length contracts is well. So, dx/dt remains constant.
Here, we can clearly see that some light actually got back to the place from where it camera from, this means if we have extremely accurate calculations, extremely high end computers, and appropriate devices, maybe a camera which is super sensitive and under right conditions(currently doesn't exist), then we will be able to see our past through black holes. Is this possible?
no
no its not.. nothing gets past a blackhole// its a density a billion times denser than the densest medal.. get a grip folks..
@@johnnyllooddte3415 A lot of things go past a black hole. As the video shows, light that doesn't cross the event horizon will have it's path altered.
is it possible with iPhone 15 Pro Max?
@@Kessoku 🤣🤣
I guess the visualization says that near the blackholes we can see our past and future at the same time ?
Just imagine a brick of water going at a miniature planet with high mass at low velocity. That’s basically what this is and it makes me more curious about it.
Seeing that the Golden Ratio is everywhere in nature, are we seeing it here too? The resulting shape looks very much like the Nautilus.
Wild that no photons ended up going anywhere near the original trajectory
I have finally understood it! Thanks for the little animation!
Now I’m imaging advanced aliens using the black hole as a mirror.
So in theory we can view things that are really far away but at 90 degree to the plane
time goes faster around mass not slower the proof is time in orbit goes 1 second per week slower than on the surface of the earth
May the Schwarz be with you
Looks like when there is light on water or a mirror, looks like refraction and reflection
As a photon myself, I must say that I miss my fellows that have fallen inside that black hole.
Если и допустить существование *"чёрных дыр"* то принципиально только внутри центра звёзд, непосредственно являясь их ядром.
Photons: **yoink** your energy is now mine
In 00:24 why photons going straight in to the black hole are slowing down, and travel less distance than other thurther away?
As Phoenix A, I can confirm this always happens.
Ok but who is schwarz’s child????
Just realized the name Schwarzschild has 11 consonants and only 2 vowels…
with half-life style music that looks so badass