Geography of Ice Age in Europe and Gravettian (Last Glacial Maximum)
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- Опубліковано 21 лют 2023
- This video details the geography of Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum, commonly known as the Ice Age. And we introduce Gravettian, who survived this cold season.
#lgm #iceage #climatechange
Very detailed graphic effects. Thanks.
For lovers of ancient Eurasian history content like us, your channel is a gem. The human saga through the millennia is truly fascinating, and the recent genectic and archaeological discoveries only make it even better. Thanks for the video!
To the author: The report is not correct in many aspects. The Earth was a large white ball on several occasions, where life could only continue under the influence of the heat of volcanoes. Where is all that water? Well, it's still here, the water on Earth, since it has it, except for more contributions from ice meteorites, is the same, it does not escape into space. There are immense layers of underground water in the Earth's crust, in addition to ice on the surface, the sea, rivers and humidity in the atmosphere. I live in Galicia, Northwest of Spain, here we have evidence of 1.5 km high glaciers in the Denisovan era. To the point that due to the weight our coasts sank and emerged several times from the sea and gave us a landscape with unique characteristics in the world.
Excellent, many thanks
Love your videos, thank you!
Here in Sweden I see traces of the ice age all the time. Its cool.
Well, it *_was_* very cool. Downright cold, in fact.
Now it causes declining sea-levels at Stockholm Harbour, due to post-glacial rebound of the land. If we were to get substantially accelerated global sea-level rise, that would reduce the rate of sea-level decline at Stockholm Harbour, and it would reduce Stockholm's dredging expenses.
Estoy entusiasmado con este canal. Visual, entendedor, documentado, atractivo .... Un 10!!!!
Hello, very interesting video! I'm currently studying the Last Ice Age and writing a book on the subject for myself. I will look forward to the next videos, especially about vegetation on all continents, because I found very little information about it. I found information only about Europe. And if you have the desire and opportunity, then shoot a video about the disasters of the Last Ice Age? I counted 4 of them so far, but I think there were more.
Why you are so underrated.
As a geography lover, you are more informative than my geography professors
Underrated due to the irritating computer voice that cannot pronounce words like Quaternary correctly methinks...
@@UserNameWasCensoredthis AI generated voice is too pitched up. It makes my ear pain
Love this video. Imagine how much the world have changed during and since the Ice Ages to today. - I live in south western Norway. It was very different here 20 thousand years ago, but we find tracks from the Ice age all over the country.
Wow, this map looks magnificent. I was kinda surprised to see the giant sea in Siberia. I guess, this is the main reason why West Siberia is so full of lakes... Thanks for the vid!
Thanks 👌
My home town in South Poland.
Always was wandering why we have a lots of rocks and stones from Scandinavia
Having spent most of my life in England and N W England at that I have spent a lot of time fell walking in the Lake District and Pennines with all their glacial sculpted landscape. Plus I grew up in a flat coastal plain dotted with low drumlins that we fondly called hills.😂 The highest was only just over 50 ft above sea level.
Beautiful documentary ! Thank ! 🙏
Bruh, do you have the kmz/kml available? I would love to take a deep dive on them!
Very interesting! Thank you, voice of Borzzikman! 🙂
Didatico Informativo e Confiavel . Parabens pelo excelente trabalho .
This is very good work, well done
It would also be interesting to see the progress of the Sahara desert. How much of man's history has been buried there?
How very nice. Though my main interest is paleontology, I also keep up with ancient climate and extinction research.
I'm curious: What is your experience, education, and background in all of this and your other videos? It seems to be quite comprehensive.
What about ice spreading from Antarctica during LGM? I don't see much of that here. What happened to Antarctica during this time and areas around it?
That's because of the LGBT movement, severely halted the LGM movement
I am afraid there was not much to expect. Antarctica is surroundet by oceans - difficult for glaciers to maintain. Himalayan and the Andes maybe more interesting.
Great video.
Hypothetically if the Alpine ice sheet rapidly melted 11,600 years ago how much water would have been released?
That sounds like something Sir Randall Carlson would know.
Take a look at Bosnia and Herzegovina in Google Earth, you'll see how silt was deposited in valleys where settlements are located today.
Also there used to exist Panonian sea.
I think some parts moved into Germany to the north, but not to such volume as to the east-southeast direction. I conclude that from marks in the terrain which indicate pretty large riverbeds.
@@GXM1210 Nice, Thx for the advice 😆
Damn caf man, destroy the ice age whit the carbon they released.
The Alps are quite small and not located in the north. The area of the Alps is a bit more than the area of Florida. This is almost nothing compared to the Scandinavian or North American ice shield of the ice age.
Though the thickness of the ice in some valleys was impressive: The city where I Iive now was covered with 1600m (>5000ft) of ice.
0:05 the Atlantis which sunk and was located far West of the Hellenic world, is the coast of Cartage. There was a large land during ice age.
I love this channel. ♥️
Thanks alot
GRAZIE GRAZIE GRAZIE! BELLISSIMI E UTILISSIMI A SCUOLA!
A relief deeply affected by the glaciations were the Pyrenees, also the object of great studies lately
Thank you
Let's see the world at this time
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
Easter islands were very larger and the Mediterranean didn't exist during LGM. Gibraltar was a land bridge and it is observable from space that that land was broken by the flood of water. So you need to reconstruct what was removed, if you want to replicate it correctly.
Same applies for western Africa in Mauritania where huge chunk of land slided into the Atlantic. I am talking about 150kmx200kmx1km chunk of land that slided, at least.
Excellent video, btw. 🙂
Mediterranean existed in the ice age.
@@adamnesico
I would say it didn't. From the look of the map there were seas, connected or not between each other.
Also Adriatic sea didn't exist with such lower sea levels.
Aside from that, exclude Gibraltar and Dardanelle straits as they didn't exist either.
@@GXM1210 Gibraltar strait existed and has 600 m derp, so existed in ice age.
@@adamnesico It has today, but it didn't have before the ocean broke through. Remains are visible in satellite images.
From what I understand the connection through Gibraltar was made very dramatically as we are discussing huge amounts of water and difference in sea levels.
@@GXM1210 ocean broke through 5 millions years ago, be4 ice age.
Wondering around 7:00 talking about Scandinavia. I see the
This is a great resource but would it really be such a stretch to have an actual person narrate this rather than a droning text-to-speech app?
this is what half of youtube will be in a few years sadly
Great video. Clear English is very good understandable for non native speakers.
Thank you.
The AI voice with errors is annoying.
yeah its not clear english, its bad AI, and native speakers hate it
Really good video daddy
It is curious that in any presentation of the extent of the Ice age, two things appear to have been overlooked. First, it is clear that the 'icefication' of Europe was a result of the absence of the Gulf Stream and second, assuming that point why wouldn't the Atlantic completely freeze between Greenland, Iceland and England.
Which haplogroup of humans was dominant in the last glacial period ?
why there weren't glaciers in northern Russia?
I would guess it was too dry. Most probably a similar effect like in the Antarctic Dry Valleys. There the temperature is only very seldom not below freezing point but it is that dry that no glaciers can form. In addition the ice sheet can not reach these valleys as they are shielded off by the mountains.
I assume in northern Russia there were similar effects at play. Due to the wind patterns most of the humid air in Europe comes from the Atlantic ocean, as the general wind direction is west to east. As a result, there is less precipitation the further east you go. Comparing an annual precipitation map with an Ice Age map, one can see that the Scandinavian Ice Sheet ended roughly (a bit west of) where annual precipitation is now less than 500 mm per year. I guess this is no coincidence. On the contrary an ice sheet of this size is like a mountain range that will not only change wind patterns but also cut off the land east of it from precipitation even more. Add to this that colder air can in general contain less humidity than warmer air, it is not unreasonable that there was no ice in northern Russia.
Really more a matter of "eastern" Russia, and the reason is partly because those pesky himalayas block air flow northward, so even now, the lands north of the Himalayas are fairly dry (Gobi Desert and all that) because most of the rain drops onto India when the air tries to cross the high mountains. India=very wet; north of India=very dry. A good part of Asian Russia is pretty dry even today. Same sort of problem kept glacial cover reduced or absent on the plains of Canada (east of the Rockies, like Alberta and Saskatchewan where it is presumed an ice corridor existed that allowed humans to migrate to NA from Asia), except the Rockies are the source of the rain blockage. Also, places downwind (down-weather) from ice sheets tend to be fairly dry because glaciers don't lose a lot of moisture to the air, and the air, being really cold, doesn't hold much moisture even if glaciers did provide lots of moisture.
And you can find moore rain in Norway and Uk.Thats to reason of ice. And also atlantic west wind....
super
Was there a corresponding glacial event at the south pole?
It was a little bigger than it is now, but not significantly different.
@@geonomad1 Thank you. Love this channel. ( south Florida )
@@busterhyman103 Thank you.
the continents in the Southern Hemisphere are closer to the equator (very little land between 45 and 90 degrees, except Antarctica of course). Almost all of the glaciation in the northern Hemisphere was north of 45 degrees, except at about the glacial maximum, when it extended down to about 40 degrees in a few regions (like the eastern US). So, while there was glaciation in the high Andes almost as far north as the equator and in the mountains of New Zealand, the uplands of southern Argentina and Chile flanking the Andes are the only significant regions were covered by glaciation, when it comes to the southern hemisphere outside of Antarctica. In effect, this glacial interim isn't hugely different from the glacial maximum in terms of area of glacial cover in the southern hemisphere but it is hugely different when considering the northern Hemisphere. This also means that most of the melting happened in the northern hemisphere.
Es kutub es antartika tak baik dibikin sirop tapi dibuatkan gedung gedung eskimo untuk industri pemeliharaan ikan laut dan kehangatan dibikin karena ada dingding cahaya dalam es kotak. Terimakasih.
07:13 You'd hope Scandinavia was colder than 40c during the ice age 😄
Wish it went deeper, like the Sahara was grass lands back then. Also there were more island chains in the Atlantic
No ice caps on the alps?
Excellent work :)
Thanks
@@geonomad1 Homo sapiens developed to become teachers
Unfortunately, red letters at 1'42" and 8'20" aren't legible
This video confirms what I have seen in many illustrations. The ice cover goes much further south on the America side than on the Siberian side. On the America side it goes as far as NewYork which is at lattitude 40 degrees, while on the Siberian side it goes only to lattitude 65 degress. Did anybody ever ask what is the reason for this? To me the simplest explanation would be a shift of the north pole by 12 degrees.
Why would you think that would be an explanation?
And why do you think that's the *simplest*`?
@@Vulcano7965 If you look at the earth in full glaciation state from the north pole side, the ice cover just looks shifted by 18 degrees towards the america side. The explanation in the video that this has to do with the uneven continental extent makes no sense, because asia represents the largest continent. This ties all into the question, why we observe this 100k period of glaciation and short interglacials. What I'm referring to is the sawtooth like form of the temperature reconstructions from ice core data. You see a slow decline of temperature in the ice age and then a rapid increase into the warm period. In my opinion, this question is also not satisfactorily undestood. . A pole shift could explain this, but the majority of science blames the Milancowic cycles, but if you look at the corresponding changes in solar radiation, they are too small and also not in good correlation with the observed ice ages. They way I view it, the (on average 5 km thick) earth crust is floating on a viscuous sea of magma and when exposed to strong external forces this crust is able to drift like a sheet of paper on water. Now, not to be confused, this has nothing to do with magnetic pole changes. This pole shift also does not relate to the axis of rotation of the earth. The earth is far too heavy for this. It only relates to the continents that float on the magma. When the poles are covered with a 3 km-thick layer of ice, assembling billions of tons of sea water at the poles, this creates an instable situation. The slightest imbalance in the mass distribution will create a force that drags the excess mass towards the equator. If and when this happened, the ice mass together with the earth crust would rapidly move towards lower lattitudes where it gets melted so rapidly, that a rapid rise of sea level and drastic flooding will occur. Such a drastic and continent wide flooding was observed by historians especially on the american continent. See the earth like a spherical egg where the egg shell is not tied firmly to the liquid volume of the egg.
@@maxtabmann6701 "In my view..." and therein lies the problem. You refuse to accept the well understood concept of milankovic cylces (the "problem" of too little change in solar radiation has long been solved by looking at feedback loops), and invent a totally, unsupported ridiculouse concept of a huge chunk of earths crust just shifting willy-nilly.
Not how it works. As a geoscience student let me tell you, there is no magma ocean beneath the crust.
You have the rigid lithosphere (crust + lithospheric mantle) and beneath the *viscous* (NOT liquid) asthenosphere. Which only appears viscous over geologic time spans.
So in conclusion: If you want to upset the established accumulated knowledge, it helps at least to understand the basics. Otherwise it's just fantastical thinking with little basis in reality. That's where the whole ancient aliens and similiar conspiracy theories are rooted in: a fundamental misunderstanding how our world works.
ua-cam.com/video/kNeZgqGscRg/v-deo.html this video covers it mostly
В этом видео представлено все что преподавали по крупицам нам на уроках истории в течение года!
So it seems the last Ice Age was the only Ice Age that humans had to live through. But it seems the creatures that evolved into humans lived through the earlier Ice Ages. I understand those creatures may have got their start during the Snowball Earth in the seas.
Interesante
Pay attention at 4:11
I am more interested how early humans lived and what environment was during LGM in Mediterranean and on Balkans outside the tundra
North02 and Dan Davis Author have some interesting videos on prehistoric humans, if you're interested :)
@@amygodward4472 thanks for the suggestion
There was also Panonian sea on north Balkan
"The average temperature of the coldest month was around 9°C". Sounds strange, the average temperature for the coldest month in Lisbon is around 11.6°C.
if you had dryed the mediterranean sea, the map would have been very similar to robert e. howard's hyborean age world (the earth of conan the barbarian)
Me ayudarà mucho en la documentación de futuros vídeos de mi canal que también habla mucho de glaciaciones.
Why you didn't mentioned drying out the Mediterranean sea?
Было дело такое
@@TAVROC Yes, the water flow into the sea is less than its rate of evaporation and it relies on the Atlantic to keep it full, there was also an early 1900's scheme by a German to dam the straits of Gibraltar and dry it up again. (It is not a good idea)
Siberia was ice free during LGM?
ua-cam.com/video/kNeZgqGscRg/v-deo.html yes, many reasons
4:31, caspian sea was bigger then now, because this is lake not connected to world ocean rivers in LGM bring much water to this lake then now.
its true. i was there!
7:13 ... of course the temperatures in Scandinavia were colder than 40 degrees C. They were even colder than minus 40 degrees C. 😉
Could the Gravettians be related to Europeans living today?
almost certainly, we share earlier Neanderthal DNA so I don't see why not
Emm Mediterranean Basin could be dried.
Yes, the Mediterranean has been dry. But at that time, humans did not exist. That's about 5.96 to 5.33 Ma ago.
RIP Aral sea
Why only Europe ?
R1 y-dnk was born in Asia from N3.
30 thousand yaers ago....
no ice in carpathian mountains?
no glacial in the Carpathian mt.
@@geonomad1 tatra mountains have glaciar lakes but no glacial in the past?
Pffft, even Dinarides had glaciers
7:30 0°C in Central Europe during the _coldest_ month?? That's not much different from today!
You have the ice sheets but not the lower shore line that existed at that time. 22 meters lower than now.
22 meters, it was a lot lower than that think you need a 1 infront of the 22.
You have one huge mistake in the video. River Dniepr isn't correct. Correct - Dnipro.
what happen to Latin America in the glacial period?
Although traces of pre-LGM predation have been found, they are not considered the genetic ancestors of modern Native Americans. Instead, they migrated around the time the Ice Age began to melt.
@@geonomad1 if they all came from the same area in Asia (Siberia,Central Asia), why there is not a linguistic or approximate connection between North Americans and the rest indigenous inhabitants of the continent?
7:41 I am the jnly one who see the eye in the nose?)))
Thats correct.
Why use a robot voice?
Полюс был в другом месте?
You live in Feetland. We live in meterland.
You are wrong about these temperatures. You say the avg T of the coldest month, and yet you show 9°C at the south. This is too warm!!!! January on Balkan is nowadays around 0°C...
Coming soon. Next 2000 years, or already on it's way incrementally.
Jou hawe thik where the fress woter realy!
А где Балхашское море?
So all those campfires the cave men made caused the global warming, melted the ice and flooded all the lower lying land and moved the coastlines higher. Boy you really pissed off that little toonbird girl. but she didnt like school anyway, playing hokey and preferring acting.
You're the living embodiment of the Dunning-Kruger effect.
Found an idiot.... Climate changes on its own, we are just accelerating it
I am wondering who’s economy was responsible for this climate change😂😂😂
Are we just gonna ignore that Neanderthals spread throughout the ENTIRE continent of Eurasia?
Who even were they
As far as I know they are not found east of the Altai Mountains
Oh I do wish you had found an A I who can sound the letter 't'. As in AnTartica and waTer. It is not wadder. Arrgghh. 🤨🤨🤨. Ive got used to wadder but anartica was too much.
or just no AI?
Too bad our ancestors didnt have wind and solar power otherwise they could have prevented this
..... Climate changes on its own, we are just accelerating it.... like you are really dim.
Great information, however, I would appreciate a human voice so much more than the inhuman auto reader voice.
Dude you didn’t say nothing about Africa.. wouldn’t the sahara be much more fertile? And what happens when all of that water melts…
Well, so far you have not mention #climateemergency #climatecrisis #climatechange #globalwarning and anthropogenic CO2 causing global warming. 🙂🙂🙂🙂🙂
Mediterranean sea didnt exist during the last Glacial.
How dare you use a globe !? Are you "flat-earther phobic" ? 😜
How dare you use a flat map are you a globe phobic
How dare you show earth? Are you marist for not using mars?? 😠
Know one word: MAP .
@@alotofjobs4276only minority have the right to be protected as a majority when you don’t like it they you are a racist 😂😂😂
@@alotofjobs4276There is no reverse discrimination. check your privileges bro🥺
Sahara was green then, not desert, humans burned trees hunting
Good voice to narrate ...but intonation is unnatural, AI, artificial intelligence I suppose... Great animation, 5-stars
Ukrainio? Kie ĝi estas?
ua-cam.com/video/h5RODNkptx8/v-deo.html I am the jnly one who see the eye in the nose?)))
Neanderthal history is not human history…….it’s an effect…….but not full history……….
its like 6% of the Europeans story cos we fucked them a bunch it seems
Robotic narration makes the video unwatchable.
why can geonomad not understand that we are still in an ice age? we have never existed outside of it.
Lol
But the earth is flat and only four to six thousand years old😅😅😅😅😅
Learn to correctly pronounce words...
its an AI voice, please tell me you knew that? We are so doomed.... makes you look very dim not realizing that
Love the content but absolutely can't stand that ridiculous AI narrator. Even it's accent is highly irritating.
Do you know HAARP?
Simple. Because the hot geothermal waters are closest to the surface in the European Carpathian basin up to date. So no ice crust could form on the surface. Central Europe stayed ice free and livable.