Reason vs. Literalism? Kalam & Early Islamic Theology
Вставка
- Опубліковано 14 чер 2020
- As requested by the audience, in this video we talk about the very early development of Speculative Islamic theology, or "Kalam".
Support me on Patreon if you so wish: / letstalkreligion
Sources/Suggested reading:
Winter, Tim (2008). "The Cambridge Companion to Islamic Theology". Cambridge University Press.
#Islam #Theology #God
These videos need to have Arabic captions to reach a wider Muslim audience. The majority of Muslims don't understand or have a clear unbiased view point on all the different theiological debates within their religion. Everytime I try to find information about an Islamic school of thought it is some opinionated shikh telling you why they are wrong or why they are right and it is never an objective overview of the history and on how they came to believe what they believed. Thank you so much for the hard work man, although you are not a Muslim you are doing a huge favour to us Muslim in helping us understand our religion in an unbiased easy to understand manner.
You want islam to be a birthday cake right? All of us are right and you pick and choose whichever "makes sense" to you?
@Intuition I read the books that mentioned the belief of the Sahaba (may Allah be pleased with them) and their students, and I am upon their belief.
@Intuition "all sources" No Qadariyyah were declared Deviants by Ibn Umar or Umar ibn khattab, Khawarij were also declared as Deviants by the prophet and his companions. Murjiah were declared as Deviants by the Sahaba and their students. I follow the Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions, their students.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The best people are those of my generation, and then those who will come after them (the next generation), and then those who will come after them (i.e. the next generation), and then after them, there will come people whose witness will precede their oaths, and whose oaths will precede their witness."Sahih al-Bukhari 6429
@Intuition The Sirat mustaqeem is the path of the Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions, their students. Any other path is deviance and heresy! The Prophet said they are the best generation of this ummah!
@Intuition You want islam to be like Christianity and these false religions. Everyone follows whatever "makes sense" to him and it Is all islam! No this won't happen there is only 1 right path and it is the path of the prophet (ﷺ) and his companions. May Allah Guide you to the correct path!!
just don't stop making these videos ever
Not a single mistake. Not one. No over generalizations, no nuance un-nuanced, no disclaimer undisclaimed- I am so fuckin impressed. Usually westerners fuck up the details, but this guy... he’s as objective as is humanly objectively possible on the topic- Better than many of the idiot مشايخ that appear on tv, who usually weave and argue for one and only one narrative. In two videos I have learned more than Sharia (pronounced ‘SHAR-IY-YA’)class ever taught me throughout all of my 12 years at school.
If the owner of the channel is reading this, consider talking about the thorny topic of women and equality in the pre and post Islamic era, including how each math-hab viewed women in relation to men. Basically, talk feminism and Islam. And if you’re in the mood to be a real edge-lord, talk about marriage and Islam, and the rights and obligations of husbands and wives.
@@hopesy12u4 كلامه مليئ بالمغالطات والأكاذيب
@@hopesy12u4 هكا الرجل دجال محترف وأنت أحمق لأنك صدقته فقد سبق الأشعري جماعة من المتكلمين كالكرابيسي و داود الظاهري والمحاسبي وغيرهم.
@@malek1627 such as?
This is one of the best channels I found in a while. You deserve a bigger audience.
Very profound channel 👏
This was so so interesting! As someone who has grown up in a Muslim family, I have only been exposed to heavily biased accounts of Islamic history, which heavily romanticise early Muslim community - they prefer to suggest that there was strong cohesion & strict adherence to the orthodox doctrine which my family follow today. Suggesting otherwise would damage the perfect image they paint of the sahabah in the prophet's time.
Deobandi ?
This was after the Sahabah. The Sahabah never created different schools of thought, even if they disagreed on some points, it was still a single community at the time.
@@ayanlethesomali7357 Yes, I know that! But that's how they viewed the early muslim community even after the sahabah. My phraseology was misleading; sorry about that. I do heavily doubt that the sahabah were morally pristine, the way they conjectured, though.
@@blacksheep6174 Yes! What gave it away? Haha
@@soniakhan9472 The only reason you wouldn’t believe Sahabah were pristine, is if you’re a Shi’ah. Yes, they were humans with their own faults, but they were some of the best Muslims to have ever lived, and i don’t appreciate your underestimating the ones that we got our deen from.
Good video. Kalam can be better translated as more speculative theology whereas doctrinal theological creed can be considered as aqeedah.
I think it is important for Muslims to understand the point that orthodoxy was only established much later in Muslim history.
it was.
also, rulers of mutazila persuasion were more autocratic. they were also ineffective in communication. hence, lost out and orthodoxy prevailed.
I agree with you brother aqeedah discusses matters which are rooted (usul) and branched (furu’) in Islam. Kalam is more towards furu’ al aqeedah.
During Imam Ahmad’s time he put the term fiqh al-akbar was used to indicate aqeedah. This was due to the fact that those with salaf aqeedah prevented muslims to study kalam because for them kalam was tainted by Greek philosophy. But later on, it became important to learn kalam to counter muktazilites which became the main creed during abbasid caliphate.
In this times, I believe that kalam is important to be learned by some muslims (especially in western countries) but not all because 1) its waajib for lay-muslims to know only the 6 pillars (arkaan) of imaan, 2) in western countries, kalam might serve values in debating with atheists
What would you say at which time period that switched? Cause I think it's a real catastrophe to leave the more rational philosophical way of thinking.
Waaah
to the point argument.
@@Larrypint Tbf it really was not that catastrophic. If anything it saved orthodoxy and the initial message that Muhammed came with. Many of the Mutazilah were former high-status zoroastrian converts hence there was a huge suspicion they adopted the mutazliah doctrine as it will allow them to eventually introduce a caste system in Islam like in zoroastrianism (that the Muslims abolished tbf).
If anything it was the strict separation of science and religion after this period that made the golden age flourish. The main problem was not 'free thinking' per se but the playing around with islamic metaphysics the mutazilah tried to do. Al haythem, Biruni and fakhr din al razi for example all great orthodox ashari philosophers. Not really sure what famous scientists the mutazilah produced unlike the asharis.
This young man’s depth and reach of knowledge is simply breathtaking which raises him to a high pedestal of accomplishment endowing him with the authority and expertise to elucidate and explain the ‘layers,’and inter-locking shades and nuances of the variegated phenomena of living Islam !
Again, such a wonderful, enlightening series! Filip Holm, you are doing wonderful work!
Dr. Mahmoud Ismael, an egyptian historian, mentions that one of the main characteristics of Mutazili scholars is that they did not belong to the clergy, most of them were merchants, business owners, craftsmen etc.. basically it was the upper middle class of society.. that's why during thier time it was the peak of the golden age of islam... today this phenomena is happening again with so many modern islamic thinkers who are engineers or doctors but chose to study islam. another change in islamic society is happening?
Very same attributes you have mentioned but in a Millennial sense
they were the closet to the Khalifa and they persecuted traditional schoolers for their belief. and what ur saying is also incorrect. Just look the timeline of
Mu'tazila movement. Islamic golden age has far wider age. Its a orientalist theory. But i agree with ur last point that after colonialism religious and natural science was separated.b A lot of muslims were involved in science but they ignored religious social science. But now many Muslims started to chose Islamic and social studies.
islam never stopped changing...
One thing that's fascinating about Islam is how much theological-philosophical discussion seems to go on within the faith 1,400 years after its founding, not just in the clergy/scholarly circles but at various levels. Maybe it's just my viewpoint, but there seems to be that much of it. It's great, at least as long as it's civil like it thankfully is under Filip's videos... truly a blessed comments section!
@@muntasifsusmit False! Mutazili doctrine developed away from authority, despite the fact that authority adopted Mutazilism for a short period of time (a couple of decades in 1400 years history). You're talking about Sunni Islam. which is the theology developed to justify, and give legitimacy to authority from day 1. your interpretation of history is very simplistic. you probably take all your history, religious, social, education from zakir naik youtube videos and probably never read a book about the subject! LOL
This channel is absolutely superb and this video is a perfect example of why; so much complex content covered in such a short time yet with depth and clarity. I’m an unpaid student right now but once I’m working I’ll be supporting this channel as an absolute priority. Great work and thank you.
Sir
Your lectures are working as match sticks to my imagination.
How beautiful videos with killing music! stay blessed!!!
Beautifully explained in a very concise way. But these schools and philosophies need many in depth videos.
Your videos are very informative and unbiased. Love listening to it and started watching all your videos. Continue the good work and stay safe.
Great video!! Thank so much for sharing this information!! Very knowledgeable ♥️♥️
Filip your approach to the topic made me astonished yet again!!! Good work and you have my support! May God bless you✨
The best video on this topic! Very well done!
Isn't it crazy? The best teacher online that taught about Islamic doctrine (without any bias) is not even middle eastern and not even a Muslim (sources from your previous video, obviously you're free to call me out if I'm wrong, and I'm happy to change my statement), in fact, he's a white dude from a land very far north, far away from place of origin of the the Abrahamaic religion, kudos to you sir, you're the reason why I'm immersed deep in Sufism today.
Islam is not a middle eastern religion, arabs only make up 15% of Muslims. Indonesia for example has the most Muslims but they are East Asian / Mongoloid people
Look up Salafism. :)
@@rrp7983 ?
I think sufism is somehwat an anti logic movement similar to that of the traditionalist (athari).
The main difference is that sufism often put more esoteric (batiniyya) approach meanwhile the Hanbalites put more puritannical and literalist approach.
Puritanism is actually not a big of problem. Ibadism is a puritannical sect, but they also heavily engage in rational theology and recognize the createdness of the Qur'an.
Meanwhile sufism (especially the sufis of India) were often esoteric, if not mystical. Ismailis, Ghulats, Ash'aris, and Maturidis also possessed significant esoteric or mystical elements. Even Imam Al-Ghazali was an Ash'ari sufi.
If sufism is compatible or somewhat open to "rationalistic approach", then Indians (including pakistanis and bangladeshis), North africans, and Southeast Asians would be the beacons of scientific advancement or became highly developed societies. But in reality, sufism (from what i've read and heard) often view the materialistic world as "undesireable" and that pursuits of the "spiritual" should be the main goal for one's life (ascheticism), this made the pursuits of "wordly" scientific development highly disregard, all thanks to the literalits and "sufistic" teachings.
@@HalalKratosone of the greatest Sufi sheikhs was Abdul qadir Al jilani (rahimullah) himself was hanbali
Fascinating content - thanks a lot for creating & sharing here!
Your work is precious , Blessings and support from Tangier , Morocco. 🙏🥰❤☮✅
Salaam brother your vids are very knowledgable to watch carry on the good work khudahafiz
I'm Muslim and I learn so much about my own religion from you. In addition to other religions. I love all religions.
Let me correct you, as Muslims we must not love that which opposes the deen.
Nice view that you can accept other views while being confident in your own view. best way to be.
@@Alsoufii Incorrect
@@yungedubsavage189kichii2 we must love kufr and shirk then? How could we love disbelief in God?
Disbelief is the worst sin, how can you not hate it? You’d most definitely say you hate rape or unjust killing, but not a the greatest of sins, kufr and shirk???
هُوَ ٱلَّذِی جَعَلَكُمۡ خَلَـٰۤىِٕفَ فِی ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ فَمَن كَفَرَ فَعَلَیۡهِ كُفۡرُهُۥۖ وَلَا یَزِیدُ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِینَ كُفۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ إِلَّا مَقۡتࣰاۖ وَلَا یَزِیدُ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِینَ كُفۡرُهُمۡ إِلَّا خَسَارࣰا﴿ ٣٩ ﴾
It is He who has made you successors upon the earth. And whoever disbelieves - upon him will be [the consequence of] his disbelief. And the disbelief of the disbelievers does not increase them in the sight of their Lord except in hatred; and the disbelief of the disbelievers does not increase them except in loss.
وَٱعۡلَمُوۤا۟ أَنَّ فِیكُمۡ رَسُولَ ٱللَّهِۚ لَوۡ یُطِیعُكُمۡ فِی كَثِیرࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ لَعَنِتُّمۡ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ حَبَّبَ إِلَیۡكُمُ ٱلۡإِیمَـٰنَ وَزَیَّنَهُۥ فِی قُلُوبِكُمۡ وَكَرَّهَ إِلَیۡكُمُ ٱلۡكُفۡرَ وَٱلۡفُسُوقَ وَٱلۡعِصۡیَانَۚ أُو۟لَـٰۤىِٕكَ هُمُ ٱلرَّ ٰشِدُونَ﴿ ٧ ﴾
And know that among you is the Messenger of Allah . If he were to obey you in much of the matter, you would be in difficulty, but Allah has endeared to you the faith and has made it pleasing in your hearts *and has made hateful to you disbelief, defiance and disobedience.* Those are the [rightly] guided.
Al-Hujurat, Ayah 7
Fatir, Ayah 39
إِن تَكۡفُرُوا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِیٌّ عَنكُمۡۖ وَلَا یَرۡضَىٰ لِعِبَادِهِ ٱلۡكُفۡرَۖ وَإِن تَشۡكُرُوا۟ یَرۡضَهُ لَكُمۡۗ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةࣱ وِزۡرَ أُخۡرَىٰۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُم مَّرۡجِعُكُمۡ فَیُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِیمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ﴿ ٧ ﴾
If you disbelieve - indeed, Allah is Free from need of you. And He does not approve for His servants disbelief. And if you are grateful, He approves it for you; and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you about what you used to do. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.
Az-Zumar, Ayah 7
@@Alsoufii Is disbelief a greater sin than rape and murder?
This is one of the better videos i have seen regarding the subject. Very well done. Thank you
would you be my soulmate?
its amazing narration and very informative without taking any stance or rather inclination. thankyou
Huge respect to you for this amazing content
I love the way you explain the school's of thought in Islam,which is a fact,some Muslims don't understand this and refer to the diffrent schools as sects in Islam not understanding what a sect is,Brilliant !!!kudos to you for this!
The was a re-emergence of the traditional Hanbali school as well.. Unfortunately. I would love to support you on Patreon but here in Sudan we don't have e-commerce and we can't use Visa or MC because of sanctions but thank you I learn new things with every video.
Lol
unfortunately for the the innovators
I've been following your Video and I think its one of the BEST Islamc Teachings so far. Pls. Sheikh let's have more of these. Thanks
Very helpful and well made video - thanks so much for this. Would love to collaborate on something in the future!
We definitely should!
Would love to see outcome of it.
A bit surprise for the shout-out, but thanks nonetheless.
About the implication of concept of Quranic createdness, there are one lecture that I've listened to
(I'm not sure from whom, but I think it's from an American Imam Muhammad Al-Asi)
that discuss one of the main goal of the whole Mu'tazila movement; that it was developed
mostly as a philosophical/theological platform for muslim to debate the doctrinal positions of
many challenging religious traditions. Especially the concept of Quranic createdness was developed
to debate the Christian Trinitarian doctrinal position of Jesus's status as equal with God.
As within this thought, Jesus is a 'hypostasis' of God, then he is one of the fundamental essence of God.
And as the Quran also mentioned Jesus ('Isa) as the "Word of God" (Kalimatullah),
then the position of Trinitarian Christianis even supported by the Quran itself,
that Jesus is equal and/or co-eternal to God. So, the Mu'tazila then developed the concept of
Quranic createdness to combat this position, that even though he is the Word of God,
he is still a creation, created in one point in time, therefore not equal with God who is the Creator.
Then the Quran, which is also a word of God, therefore cannot be co-eternal with God also.
In other words, the lecture concluded that the opposition of the concept of Quranic createdness,
even from muslim themselves, like from Ibn Hanbal, although they thought that they was preserving
the so-called "orthodox" doctrine of Islam (Quran as uncreated and co-eternal with God),
they unknowingly support the argument from Trinitarian Christian that Jesus is also
uncreated and co-eternal with God (as "Kalimatullah").
In short, if the Quran is created, and not co-eternal with God, then,
Jesus, as the "Word of God" mentioned in the Quran, is also created, and not co-eternal with God.
But if the Quran is not created, and is co-eternal with God, then,
Jesus, as the "Word of God", is also not created, and not co-eternal with God.
The lecture also talked about other philosophical/theological challenges posed to muslim
from other religious groups and non-muslims and how Mu'tazila movement was on the forefront
of this intellectual enterprise. I think this also makesense within its historical context.
As the Abbasid support the translation movement, and saw a number of non-muslim intellectuals
poured into their caliphate. So the official support of the Mu'tazila is among the ideological tools
for the caliphate to argue for the Islamic position against non-muslims that the caliphate have interaction with.
As always, thanks again for yet another very informative video.
Keep up your good work!
Yes this is a big reason why the Quran uncreated viewpoint creates problems because by its logic Jesus would be coeternal since he is also the word. I snatched an Arabic Gospel of John from a halal store which was attempt to use the Quran to convert the reader to Christianity(I give it props for being respectful to the Quran and and not trashing Islam).The commentator used this exact argument and even mentioned Fakr adin Al Razi who was a major Ashari thinker who defended the uncreatedness of the Quran. Good thing I snatched it because I don’t think most average Muslins would catch the tricks of missionaries lol
Great comment, thanks for that addition. Very interesting aspect of this debate that I haven't heard about before but certainly seems like an obvious one.
The Quran never states Jesus Alaihissalam as the "Kalam of ALLAH"
The Quran says that Isa is the Ruh(literal meaning "soul") of ALLAH, but even the traditionalist doesn't understand it as meaning the literal "Soul" GOD since Jesus Alaihissalam was created
Also, it is clear that even if the trinity tries to says that GOD and Jesus Alaihissalam is One "being", it can't help but considers Jesus Alaihissalam as it's own separate being
"Men, finding no answers to the sunnan [ten thousand religious questions from the Shari-ah] now apply their own reasoning. All men seek to be enlightened. Religion is but the most ancient and honorable way in which men have striven to make sense out of God’s universe. Scientists seek the lawfulness of events. It is the task of Religion to fit man into this lawfulness."
Frank Herbert
I have said this elsewhere in one of my comments for this series that this man is worth his weight in gold. The world needed this series to cut through the smoke screen of doctrinal debates that have infested the Islamic world from the very inception of Islam itself. I have said all this in one of my essays (in Urdu) on Islam, when I discussed the position of music in Islam, and the drift in philosophical debates that occurred in the early Kalam movement. Here is something I would like to draw attention to, and perhaps Filip Holm can throw more light on it. The Kalam debate about the "createdness" of the Quran or its being co-eternal with God hides one essential truth which underlies the tug -of-war between the Mu'tazalite and Ash'arite positions. The Mu'tazalites were trying hard to create some elbow room for intellectual debate, and much of what they said was an attempt at rationalism versus blind faith. They could not deny the existence of God, so when they argued, they were striving to say things without being accused of heresy. One has to read their thoughts as spoken in silence "between the lines". My personal inclination is to see this happening with Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Al-Biruni and even A-Razi. The latter two were Ash'arites. but in practice were closer to a free-thinking mould, than adhering to the traditionalist position. I find Ibn Khaldun"s Muqaddimah as well written in this mould. When he describes and defines how kingdoms rise and fall, he is trying (in my opinion) to show that Islam as the Perfect faith, is not so perfect after all. Of course he never said that in those words, but his intent (and indeed his motivation to write the Muqaddimah) stemmed from his desire to show the imperfect societies created in the Islamic world, as he personally saw and experienced in his own lifetime.
Do you think al ghazali was a "blind follower" or rather a mix of rationalism or tradationalism because it seems like he is the latter.
@@heyyo6050 I read somewhere that Ghazali later in his life regretted his previous position that killed the falsafah movement within Islam.
i think you're assuming asha'arism is traditionalism here
they were thinkers too
but ofc, al ghazali had to call a duck a duck, when some philosophical ideas copy pasted from greek philosophy contradict the unity of God, for example thinking that the world is ancient or eternal and God is a mind only ..etc
he called that position kofr, or disbelieve bc he think that logically it contradict faith and he was right
he ended refuting much of greek philosphy on basis of dakik al kalam and his positions are rational by modern understanding of science
but he wasnt' a jurist and only expressed his opinion, actually some traditionalist schools of juriprudence ended accusing persons with kofr, and there is a difference between saying this opinion is not logically consistent with belief in one God and between calling someone kafir
All what you said is bullshit according to the mutazli own doctrine they did not even call them selves that name you are just an atheist projecting
@Rational Islam the man is saying that every Muslim intellectual was secretly atheist
Thanks for your hard work !
Im in love with this channel 😩❤️
Alltså, vilken stjärna du är philip, Sånt här törstar man efter.
Otroligt lärorikt, otroligt informativt, och sakligt, du gör det otroligt bra, ge mig mer
🙏🙏
كلامه مليئ بالمغالطات.
wow this is brilliantly put together my friend. I know very very little about Islam. My parents are muslim but I myself am agnostic and do not follow the religion that closely. But recently I have become more interested in learning about it. The history. The perspectives and its diversity.
I have read 3/4 books now and want to learn more about Usul Al Fiqh, the different schools and Kalam and its different schools. This video was a perfect introduction for me.
If anyone has any other sources for information, maybe even books that discuss things from a comparative approach that states all the diverse thinkers and schools , it would be much appreciated. I have just picked one up regarding Legal theory so something on Theology would be great. I would prefer academic sources.
But this was a great video and well put together. Thanks for the great content.
"And Then I Was Guided" by Tijani covers the inner aspects of Sufism, fundamentalist Sunnism, Salafism and Shia Islam all in one easily digestible book. The man himself was a sort of child prodigy and it goes through his Islamic journey.
You should watch muhammad hijab or Hamza tzotzris.
@@EC__MohammadArshadMuhammad Hijab is a disgrace to our deen. He is a thug who shouts, employs slogans and intimidates those who he disagrees with, to me he is kufr
كلامه مليئ بالمغالطات كيف قرأت كثيراً ولم تدرك ذلك.
Keep citing your sources- they are invaluable.
It would be great to have a follow-up video on how these schools evolved through the medieval period.
Jazakum Allahu khairan, very informative
Thanks for sharing knowledge ! I would love to hear a convo with you and @gnostic informant !!!! Both such intellectual people!
As a Muslim, I truly appreciate this entire video, and I hope you continue making more videos on this.
Fantastic video. Thanks
Amazing work👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼
Excellent ONE! Thanks
super informative Jazak Allah Khair Filip Holm.
Excellent as always
Truly educational and interesting video
All your videos are immensely helpful, but I’ve found this one especially helpful as I continue going deeper into Andalusī & Islamic mysticism & the lasting legacies of the former. ✌️
كلانه مليئ بالمغالطات
Every Muslim needs to listen to this and understand how things were discussed and spread. What a great video.
هذا الفيديو مليئ بالمغالطات والأكاذيب
وهو يدخل رأيه وهذا يعبر غشاً.
I learn a great deal from these talks and vides
Btw I love your aesthetic n images :D
Islam went in the wrong direction specially after 1258 and today we have all these wahabi,salafi orthodox preachers on social media and in backyard mosques who just teach quran and hadiths without the historical and more objective knowledge we get from people like you.
Thanks for your work
There are plenty of people in christianity like this also. They are called fundamentalist. Or to put it another way... evangelicals. It is more a political movement than faith. Primarily people of Germanic descent.
@@paulcharpentier7095 lots in american too.
Do u even know what salafi is?please learn before u talk
@@SatriaAdhinugrahaPratama of course I do and today's Salafism and wahabism is a real cancer to Islam and to the world.
@@SatriaAdhinugrahaPratamayes they are stupid Extremist or tribal arabs who want to end calipha to rule Mecca by own self
thank you. this was educational
Filip, you are so good.
Absolutely brilliant! Kindly if you can please do a video on Mulla Sadra
Great video
Brother, my hats off to you for the effort, research and quality of presentation. Wonderful! The only point I would like to make is that these theological schools of thought are not the "branches of Islam" as mentioned by you rather Stages of Learning correponding with different timelines. Islam has remained unchanged rather its the Muslims that have responded to the Message or adopted to it in different fashions. Pre-existing socioeconomic and political conditions have always dictated how a community would adopt the Message of Islam.
Fantastic channel
Wow . I am impressed . That is a pretty deep stuff .
Thank you. You are batter than our Sheikh and mullah. Your approach is objective and unbiased. I love your honesty and knowledge for the sake of knowledge approach.
We need a proper elucidated series on this topic.. please
And do mention sources/books in description
All Muslims also agree upon the second part of the kalima i.e. Muhammad(pbuh) is the Prophet of Allah.
They also agree on there being another life. The nature of it is a point of debate.
They also agree on the existence of Angels and of other Prophets.
They also agree upon the Quran being from God.
Do all muslims agree that Muhammad is the last prophet, or are there some that believe that god could send more prophets after Muhammad?
@@illyrian9976 yup. All agree. It's a part of the Islamic belief to accept Him as the seal of Prophets.
@@DWAGON1818 well technically not all the nation of islam had elijah wood as another prophet
@@lovelyhomeboy2782 It doesn't matter what anyone believes. I'm talking about Muslims.
@@DWAGON1818 I mean they considered themselves muslim
Thank you soo much
A thing that I always say: Whenever a Non-Muslim does something, one cannot pinpoint fingers at him".
See the presentator, he did such a deep research, his explanation is simple to understand.
Judge if if it were a traditionalist Muslim who had to do a documentary like it, there would have been lots of lies only to justify his ego.
what a stupid comment, Thinking that a non muslim could understand more than muslim about islamic thinking is not only full arrogance but ignorance as well.
This is such a oversimplification understanding of the Traditional Muslims
Your prejudice is showing.
@@Canaleaca you couldn’t be more wrong
@@Canaleaca Imagine if I tell you that human being evolved from fish
Thank you!
Greeetings brother,very educational,interesting,informative thank you.
If I may,how long does it take to research a summary collection of information as this?if I may,how is it done with texts,group inputs of relavant paths of thought?just curious as to how such knowledge is received.Thany you for your time and space,efforts🙌🙏👌
Really like your video ... Very clear no time waste
الفيديو الخاص بصاحب القناة مليئ بالمغالطات وآرائه الشخصية
@@malek1627 Salamaleykum, could you name some of these inaccuracies, so we can research for ourselves?
Besides, what beautiful pictures!!🙏🦋
جزاك الله خيرا
هذا الرجل كذاب
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
00:48 🕌 Islamic theology is based on the concept of tawheed, the belief in one God who cannot be divided into parts.
02:01 🕌 After Prophet Muhammad's death, early Islamic communities faced diverse theological ideas and movements.
05:24 🤔 In the early Islamic period, there was no fixed orthodoxy, and a wide range of ideas and movements existed.
09:27 🧠 The Mutazilah school emphasized reason and free will, arguing that the Quranwas created.
19:42 ⚖️ Traditionalists favored a literal interpretation of the Quran and believed it was uncreated, leading to theological debates and persecution.
23:52 🕌 Different branches of Islam, like Twelver, Aisha, and Ismaili Shia, have distinct theological perspectives influenced by various sources.
24:34 🤝 The lines between Kalam (theology) and falsafa (philosophy) are often blurry, and they influenced each other in Islamic scholarship.
25:42 📜 Theological debates in Islam have continued over the centuries, and the tradition is ever-evolving.
26:10 🌟 Islamic modernism and the resurgence of Mutazilism in recent centuries have added new dimensions to Islamic theology.
26:25 🧑🏫 The video provides an introductory understanding of the early development of Islamic theology, leaving room for further discussion in the comments.
Made with HARPA AI
يا رجل كلامه مليئ بالمغالطات وبآرائه الشخصية عندما يجب عليك طرح فكرة أو اعتقاد طائفة ما عليك أن تذكر كلامهم وآرائهم دون إدخال رأيك وهو ما فعله مراراً زعمه مثلاً وجود نصوص بالقرآن عن الجلوس ولا يوجد نص واحد يصرح بالجلوس وزعمه أنَّ أحمد ابن حنبل قد كفر المعتزلة بسبب قولهم القرآن مخلوق وأما السبب الفعلي هو فهمه من عبارة خلق القرآن أن علم الله مخلوق لذلك كفر المعتزلة
Haqq Akhi@@malek1627
I never thought Ide enjoy learning Islam from a non muslim. I appreciate the objectivity in your videos and that is something many Islamic videos do not have. I just want to learn without the im right youre wrong approach and youve done just that. Thank you, from a Muslim
Hello brother, lately I have been watching your videos with great interest. The work you are doing is phenomenal. I have a request, can you make an entire video or series of videos dedicated to inception and rise of the hadith literature and their credibility?
God bless you.
I would love to see that as well
I am late in finding your channel. Lucky me. I get to do some catching up.
Could you do a video on the history of the idea of transcendence? Or, do you already have a video on transcendence?
beautiful work could listen to ur work for hours u should get a podcast and do interviews with imams or other theologians like Yasir Khadi
Not YQ, please do mufti Abu Layth.
@@jahedur Or Hamza Yusuf or Abdul Hakim Murad(Timothy Winter) !
@@jahedur abu layth? My accountant knows more about islam than that freak.
@@samdis1890don't insult Mufti Layth... if you are that knowledgeable which is highly doubted based on your comment please provide arguments not insult.
@@shamimurrahman3884 im offended even by the fact that u call him mufti
Fantastic video as always... Are there any English translations of Muhammad Abduh's writings? Some quick googling seems to suggest the answer is no...
As a muslim i must say you explained very well.. normaly if you ask some muslim they Will alwyes push to theire school side and explain or quote the others with lot of suspicions and false info.. peace
كيف تأخذ دينك من كذابين أنت هدمت عقيدتك على كل حال الأشاعرة هم أهل السنة فقط إبحث دون تحيز وستصل للحقيقة قطعاً
A very cool video on the genesis of the Sunni Islam.
1- Could you please do the same for the genesis of Shi'i Islam.
2- Could you do a comparative study of evolution of Sunni and Shia Islam please.
I know what I ask seems daunting, but now we have the technology and the knowledge to see further.
Needs one correction. There was no confusion after death of the prophet. These fields fiqh, tasawwuf etc. were developed for understanding different aspects more effectively based on the requirements of time
Yes 🎉❤🎉❤🎉❤
You are well read
one interesting thing is that philosphers who followed greek philosphy blindly failed to produce an accurate understanding of the universe
while asha'ari kaalam actually got really close to modern science in dakik al kalam (detail of kalam usually refers to kalam that deals with science and material world)
they were atomists, but their atomism went beyond the extinct greek atomism and reached the point of considering space and time discreet, forshadowing quantum mechanics
if you like see it in other perspective, they just not just talking about Islam teaching but the nature of world also, Like freewill vs determinism, like if your actions now is cause of your future actions... but like in quantum physics from the cat thought experiment (idk how to spell it), it's not as deterministic as it seem and the scientist come out with multiverse to explain it, instead we have certain aspects of freewill... so yeah we haven't solve freewill problem.
and with the Qur'an they're also talking about idea or matter as it is, like what make you, you.
@@darkira2129 i had hard time following your line of thought
but random question, are you into vocaloid?
you listen to ダルビッシュP?
Kushal mehra of charvaka podcast mentioned a lot of time about the Mutazala (bear my spelling) and the debate, seriously he always satirises the literalists by saying that sentences, words, punctuation, spaces, comma, fullstop is final word of god and they will follow it :)
There are certain famous statements of Ahmad ibn Hanbal that clearly demonstrate that he was not an anthropomorphist. The great Hanbali scholar ibn al-jawzi, who actually documented the Hanbali school has pointed this out. It is helpful to remember that Ahmad ibn Hanbal was trying to counteract the Mu'tazilite position that God has no attributes at all.
Affirming the text as it is is antropomorphism to these donkeys you can never win, they don't use their brains to think
He literally says Allah ﷻ is not a body too, I have the scan of the text, he says it is not appropriate to call Allah ﷻ a jism because Allah ﷻ is far beyond length, atoms, etc. and it cannot be found within the Quran and sunnah.
صدقت يا اخ المذيع في كلامه الكثير من المغالطات.
I do find his subject matter interesting through I am not a Muslim . I see in the comments people saying that the average muslim does not know or understand how islam evolved .
Nor do they fully understand how many schools of thought and human influences that shaped it.
Also I am learning a very import recurring lesson, simply to understand not what to think but howe to think, Great video .
I just want to say that, you are a shiekh , your knowledge is truely commendable
Would you consider making a video about neo-mu’atazla in the Islamic world today?
I mean it seems to me like Muslims are thinking and interpreting the Quran how they see fit regardless of what school is their nation promotes so I wonder what Islam is actually like currently!
Yes!
Thanks
Hey Sir 👋 respect 👌 👏 🙌 man, a wonderful wonderful work. I wish you knew Arabic there's a great reference I would have directed you to. Anyways thanks alot.
Good intro, although it lacks Ibn Taimiah's contributions on reason and Literalism, also, his opinion on free will.
Are you a Muslim? I mean, Your deep knowledge about Islamic Theology and Kalam is amazing!
He is a PhD student of religious studies I believe.
Very flattering, but I am not Muslim, no. Previous commentor is correct, although I am not technically a PhD student yet, still applying for positions :)
@@LetsTalkReligion
Believe me, You gonna get the position soon. I was mesmerized! Kindly make a video on Al-Ghazzali's Occasionalism ,its genesis from Al-Ashari to Al-Juwayni and lastly discuss contents of "Tahafut Al Falasifa" especially 17th Point and also "Ghazzali's theory of cause and effect " it would be great!
it was some impressive work, it will be really appreciable if you enlighten us on works of rumi also
@@mohammedvasiq2602 occasionalism is highly problematic actually but still nonetheless an interesting topic
Thanks bro 👪
This guy has become one of my favorite Orientalist next to Karen Armstrong, you'll make a great sheikh 😄in sha Allah...May Allah guide him Amin
About time you do a detailed session on arguably the most inimitable and influential scholar Islam has seen and whose legacy has endured. Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah.
He was never know in his history as sheikh al islam, this title was given to him more recently in the last century.
@@sssskkkk2856 that’s not true I just read a long list of scholars the other day who called him sheikh Al Islam in his time
@@sssskkkk2856 Lmao salty sufi 🤣 read Al Rad Al Wafer he was known as Shaykh Al Islam before your sufi predecessors were born
good video
it was some impressive work, it will be really appreciable if you enlighten us on works of rumi also
thank you for talking about islamic heresies
شخص عظيم ❤️
22:48 You said you mentioned the murji’ha, but you never actually talked about them. I watched your video again, and the groups you talked about was the mu’tazipla, hanbalism, asharism and maturidi.
Who are the murji’ha?
Thanks for the video! As a Sunni nowadays, I sort of wish Mutazilite thought became more prominent once again. Though Islamic modernism is a real thing and all, the idea of really emphasizing reason, logic, and philosophy in religion is really on the decline in Sunni Islamic thought at the moment. Metaphorical and analogical explanations are even seen as a kind of lazy interpretation, for some reason.
Its a matter of education, one who has a critical mindset and capable to establish it in his truth pursuit, he won't be convinced by the traditionalist approaches.
That's a not a very reasonable position anyway, you're making an assumption of not knowing what's being told or discarding it as metaphorical without any certainty. Making an assumption of having all knowledge, while proclaiming otherwise. Although a fully traditionalist approach is denounced by many contemporary traditional scholars, Ash'arism in my view is the most reasonable position to hold. Mu'tazilites turn religion into mere philosophy rather than a means of guidance.
plz do video on mutazalites and asharites.
I feel doing research on religion is the most difficult n that too when you aren't from that faith,
Can u plz plz plz make a video how to do research or how u do that?
Maybe comment this on his next video so he sees it
Maybe you can be his patreon so he will tell you how to do it.
This is one thing that i am interested the most. He is not born from the lands where abrahamic religions born or grew. He is not a muslim either, nor a believer to lot of religions he talk to. But his research is in fact, quite deep,structural & comprehensive. I am also interested in what way or how he did his research about one topics or title.
@@historiapoliticabellum6265 thanks for replying, would you like to connect so we'll anyhow start how to do research on this or be it any topic???
Can you make a video about ibn taymiyyah?
Thank dearly for valuable video
I hope you will Arabic caption soon to send to more wide audience.
كلامه مليئ بالمغالطات