Relays! They're Electromechanical Switches.

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  • Опубліковано 27 лис 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 157

  • @DeviantOllam
    @DeviantOllam Рік тому +36

    This was delightful, like everything you all put out.
    💚 you and 💜 watching you grow this channel and your content.

  • @twolip7540
    @twolip7540 Рік тому +20

    I am a newly addicted fan. Reminds me of tinkering with my great-grandpa in the shed. He worked for Centel in Vegas and we'd rip apart things to see how they worked. I was (usually) good at putting it back together but when I couldn't, he'd finish the job or we'd use the parts to create something new. Love this channel!

  • @kenkuziel7506
    @kenkuziel7506 Рік тому +4

    I recently retired from one of the successor companies of the old “Bell System” after close to 46 years. I was primarily in customer service and finance, but I did visit central offices over the course of my career. One of the things I learned from those visits, was that the ongoing support for older telephone plant depended so much on dedicated employees who did the job for so long that they could fix a problem blindfolded. You are one of those people who relishes the challenge of applying logic and a host of Bell System Practices to solve problems. Having a new home in the Connections Museum it’s great to see that legacy technologies are still alive and well1

  • @andromedaturnbull3512
    @andromedaturnbull3512 Рік тому +23

    I loved this, Sarah, and couldn't wait to watch it the moment I saw the notification - thank you! I've always been fascinated by what is possible with relay logic, and I've always found the circuit examples from this era both fascinating and mind-bending at the same time. Similarly to phone switches, the cleverness that went into pinball games of the 50s and 60s shows a real art that has sadly been lost to time. I really appreciate you uploading the book to Internet Archive which I'm excited to start reading after I finish work today. Also, thank you to Astrid for the camera and cameo :-)

    • @Stache987
      @Stache987 Рік тому +3

      I read crossbar was used in jukeboxes as a "paid for" marking system, so if two people select the same song it plays once, then releases the relay, in a way if the machine was used enough people couldn't play the same song all day but when they are alone, after it finishes they can select it again.

  • @ShawnBoikethemaharishi
    @ShawnBoikethemaharishi Рік тому +7

    I did a lot of work with residential furnace control design. As a young engineer I was unaware how much science went into modern relays. Long term use and reliability are critical for a commercial product. One example is the effects of the crossover plasma formed when the relay throws. it can disrupt other more sensitive components as well as determine the life of the relay. thank you for this series!

  • @alcampbell
    @alcampbell Рік тому +4

    Great stuff guys. Where were you guys back in 1974 during my telephone hacking days, when I was struggling to make blue boxes and all kinds of gadgets to make the phone company my private playground. After high school in 1974, I went to DeVry tech for basic electronics. After that I tried to get a job in telephone electronics but no luck. A lifetime later i`m still in electronics, working in a circuit board assembly house doing final testing and component level diagnostics. I remember about 20 years ago, I received a note from my phone company telling me that they had shifted to 5ESS. And I thought, here is an opportunity to hack the system. LOL.

  • @mackfisher4487
    @mackfisher4487 Рік тому +30

    Probably most of your followers understand relays, but your presentation and personality make your video very enjoyable. Thanks for taking the time Sarah.
    I have an interest in the battery rooms and battery distribution panels and perhaps there applicable in today's solar field sometime of every chance could you show us the facilities there?

    • @ConnectionsMuseum
      @ConnectionsMuseum  Рік тому +13

      Sure! That sounds like a fun video.
      I figured that most people who watch this channel understand what relays are, but when I was thinking of ideas for a new video, one of my partners said that she didn’t know what a relay was, so of course i had to do a video around it.

    • @theaureliasys6362
      @theaureliasys6362 Рік тому +1

      @@ConnectionsMuseum
      I audibly laughed at this.
      Mostly because, well. I'm in a queer polycule and the sheer amount of "trans girl wants to infodump" is just... I love it.

  • @Electronzap
    @Electronzap Рік тому +1

    That's a really good explanation of relays. I don't remember ever being confused with relays. But, a lot of my viewers ask me questions about the basic properties of relays that I use in my videos, so I spend a lot of time trying to figure out how to explain it to them.

  • @jasinicus1
    @jasinicus1 Рік тому +5

    I've only recently come across this channel and I am loving it! I'm fascinated with analog systems of all types, so this is right up my alley. I appreciate the understandable descriptions and explanations without 'dumbing it down'... not too much anyway. Thank you for helping preserve theses amazing old technologies!

  • @dissimilate
    @dissimilate Рік тому +30

    Great video. Y'all are doing such an amazing job of not just preserving, but explaining this history. BTW Love the shirt!

  • @andreass.3444
    @andreass.3444 Рік тому +4

    Your book is convenient for me, because I also deal with the topic. This year I was able to save an old relay PBX from scrapping. I tried to understand its circuits and noted that the old relay logic is a foreign world, compared to modern electronics. The PBX is of all-relay type and has about 120 relays. The relays can contain up to 15 contacts and even in this small PBX at least 40 different relay coil variants are installed.

  • @lordfizzz
    @lordfizzz Рік тому +2

    Literally using this video to teach the greenies how relays work this is awesome!!

  • @dandearman2871
    @dandearman2871 Рік тому +1

    I loved your look of delight when you pressed the button, and the light came on. You did a really great job explaining relays and demonstrating how they work.

  • @wxTVTWC
    @wxTVTWC Рік тому +5

    Watched for a really awesome explanation of relays and stayed for the Trammell Starks/Weather Channel music at the end :p

  • @yzScott
    @yzScott Рік тому +1

    My family has quite a lot of connection to the end of the step-relay switching office in the US, their last gasp of greatly improved reliability as they were already being retired, and their transfer to (mostly) South America. My father worked for GTE when I was a child and I work for Verizon today.
    These videos are a lot of fun.

  • @beamracer_2600
    @beamracer_2600 Рік тому +4

    As a fan of superannuated technologies, I would really love to come see the museum and watch the equipment operate in real time someday. Sarah, you do an amazing job of explaining the complexity of the various systems in understandable terms. Keep up the great work, and see you in the next video!

  • @zoes17
    @zoes17 Рік тому +24

    The improved script at the end, I wasn't ready. No change in tone or cadence just right into improve. 💀

  • @JCStrout
    @JCStrout Рік тому +6

    Very informative video, loved the outtakes at the end. Keep up the great work!

  • @jonathankleinow2073
    @jonathankleinow2073 Рік тому +6

    I like the use of Trammell Stark's Weather Channel music for the outro.

  • @bosborne0
    @bosborne0 Рік тому +1

    To add to info and terminology for a different industry, trains. Where I work in the train industry would say a front and back contact. Front contact being open with the coil is de-energized and a back contact being closed when the coil in de-energized. A relay will have several contacts on one relay, some will be paired sharing a common between a front and back contact. Saying Battery is similar, but doesn't imply a specific voltage, it could be 12VDC or 24VDC, depending on the function and circuit. At 9:51 you can see what we would call a front back contact.
    You may find it interesting to know that most of NYC subway system operations via relay logic. There's a lot of relays as you can imagine.

  • @lesliemckay2835
    @lesliemckay2835 Рік тому +3

    I always enjoy your videos and the effort you put into them. Love the bloopers at the end. If only you had been my instructor some 50 years ago, lessons would have been so much easier.

  • @stevedaenginerd
    @stevedaenginerd Рік тому +1

    Such a great run down of the history of the relay (especially *why* it's called a relay, most people miss or skip this factoid when discussing the history of this magical little device!), along with a very accessible little discussion of how it works. The only thing I would add is an extension of the discussion to include a brief mention of the fact that the concept of the relay has evolved into the super complex strata of complex logic circuits that make up modern computing - perhaps the only thing that I find cooler than the magic that is a relay!
    Thanks for putting this together and out into the world! 🤓

  • @craigkielhofer5553
    @craigkielhofer5553 Рік тому +1

    I got addicted to your videos a while back and think I've seen 90% of them so far. One thing you may want to bring up in a future video, based on the electromagnetic properties you may want to do a video on a step by step strowger switch as the principles behind energizing the relay goes to move the wiper arms up and across the contacts. Just my thoughts.

  • @WilderGrimm
    @WilderGrimm 25 днів тому

    This is wonderful, thank you! I've been trying to learn more about telephony this past couple months, and this was really helpful. You've got a fantastic camera presence, as well!

  • @t13fox67
    @t13fox67 Рік тому +1

    I cannot wait for the next relay video. I was a switchman for southwestern bell in eldon mo. Local and toll SxS along with SxS cama was the offoce, or class 4 and 5. Excellent work in those days. Excellent video. Thank you so much. I gotta see if I can get a copy of that book.

  • @gwendragon6419
    @gwendragon6419 Рік тому +5

    I've been enjoying your videos for a few weeks. If I lived in the US I'd totally get involved in the museum but I'm in the UK so I'll stick to heritage railways. However, I mostly came here to say awesome T-shirt! From a York (UK) based trans person.

    • @edgeeffect
      @edgeeffect Рік тому +1

      Pop down to The Museum Is Not Obsete... ;)

    • @gwendragon6419
      @gwendragon6419 Рік тому +2

      @@edgeeffect Sadly I live in York. My sister is in London, but my time down south is always limited. I want to go though!

  • @julesinspaaace
    @julesinspaaace Рік тому +17

    Let me relay the message "trans rights!"
    Great video Sarah 😊

  • @Stache987
    @Stache987 Рік тому +1

    Houston! We have a problem 😕 Sarah sat for a whole video and didn't have to chase wiring problems etc. Well done Sarah! 😃

  • @brandy1011
    @brandy1011 Рік тому +3

    Huh, the naming used in telephone switching is basically the same as the general naming convention in German: NO/Make is called "Schließer" = "closer", NC/Break is called "Öffner" = "opener". And I always get my brain in a knot because of this!

  • @535tony
    @535tony Рік тому +2

    I worked on 3ESS and 5ESS at the Western Electric NIW Works in Illinois from 1977 to 1983. The 3ESS used relays and reed grids for switching the calls. The 5ESS was all solid state and used gated diodes instead.

  • @RyanW82
    @RyanW82 Рік тому +7

    LOVE the shirt, and love the video (love all the videos!), can't wait until the next time I am in the area and can finally visit the museum!!

  • @Platypi007
    @Platypi007 Рік тому +2

    Well I'd never realized that relays originated as a signal relay for telegraphs! this was a very interesting video, thanks. Loved the outtake at the end, too. :D

  • @bradwilmot5066
    @bradwilmot5066 Рік тому +8

    That soldering iron makes my Weller 40 look like a toothpick.....

    • @edgeeffect
      @edgeeffect Рік тому +1

      It is a bit of a monster isn't it... reminds me of when I was a kid, trying to do electronics with one that was heated up on a gas burner.

    • @k7jeb
      @k7jeb Рік тому

      What's the KS number on that puppy?

  • @jimprice1959
    @jimprice1959 Рік тому +1

    Very nicely explained. I worked for PT&T in San Rafael, CA on the frames and number groups of our Crossbar Number 5 office for a summer when I was in college. I really liked the environment. I hope to visit your museum someday.

  • @jsimons1
    @jsimons1 Рік тому +3

    These old machines are fascinating. Designed by the most brilliant humans in history. I know some of these old computers ran literally for decades without interruption. Also, ❤ your shirt. You’re wonderful and brave.

  • @mafarnz
    @mafarnz Рік тому +8

    Love your shirt. I wear mine a lot.
    I’ve always been mechanically inclined, so relays and relay logic just makes more sense to me than transistors and digital logic. Looking forward to this series on relays.

  • @SuperRetroville
    @SuperRetroville Рік тому +3

    Excellent, i love your videos. The animated circuit diagrams are inspired. I can really appreciate how much work and planning goes into something like this. It is here for education for all time (well as long as youtube content is preserved).

  • @KurisuYamato
    @KurisuYamato Рік тому +2

    For those wondering, yes, a phone switching system could, and several were, made entirely of relays -- North Electric and their CX line of all-relay switches are worth looking up.
    I imagine they worked incredibly well, but would have been, on a whole, more expensive at certain scales than other tech and as such weren't the best for all cases.

  • @davida1hiwaaynet
    @davida1hiwaaynet Рік тому +2

    Thanks for this great explanation. It's clear you really enjoy sharing this info; and are a great teacher. Please keep it up!
    I work on modern generator controls with a combination of relay and PLC logic so this is still a very relevant thing to know!

  • @BR218fan
    @BR218fan Рік тому +1

    What a great and funny to watch video! I think you did a great job on explaining the basics of a relais and some simple circuits. And I like the humorous style the explainations are given. The smile when the lamp turned on 10:46 😁 You really seem to love your job and that is great!
    And I also like the shirt! 😉
    Keep up the great videos!
    👍

  • @kencarlile1212
    @kencarlile1212 Рік тому +1

    I loooooove this video! Several times I went "OH!" as the light (heh heh) turned on. Now I kind of want a bunch of relays to play with because there's no way I'm going to retain this knowledge...

  • @henrythompson7595
    @henrythompson7595 Рік тому +1

    First let me say I really enjoy watching your website. As a #5 Xbar tech 60 yrs ago for PT&T I still remember performing routines on Polar relays using a relay test set, I think it was called a 35A relay test set. Got one of those in your museum?. Looking forward to visiting "the museum" to see once again those magical switching systems. My office was ARCDCA11 for 10 yrs before leaving the state, I worked SXS, #5, Power room, TCXR, and maintained a #23 information office -

  • @pianoandviolin
    @pianoandviolin Рік тому +1

    That was a beautiful video. I did Computer Science in my undergrad and I wish beginners logic was taught as well as you did it

  • @imark7777777
    @imark7777777 Рік тому

    This one's been floating around in my feed I wasn't gonna watch it just yet, Glad I did.
    Fascinating. and as I am currently processing a relay Logic project myself this is probably one of the better explanations I've seen.

  • @KeritechElectronics
    @KeritechElectronics Рік тому +2

    Thanks a lot for the great explanation! I come from the world of electrical/electronic engineering, so the telecom world conventions were pretty strange to me up till now. Like relays being switched on the ground rather than B+ / VCC side.
    7:16 Big Iron!
    Relay logic is cool - Sam Battle (Look Mum No Computer) uses that a lot, haha!
    Again, big thank you for the tee :)
    13:09 more #girlslikeus - the museum must be an awesome place, makes me wish I could join you, but I'm stuck up in a backwards country on the other side of the pond.

  • @Ranger_Kevin
    @Ranger_Kevin Рік тому +5

    "Patreon: None :("
    Where can I find you on Patreon?
    This video reminded me of those old educational videos that sometimes ran on TV, where they explained the miracles of technology. I think this would work great with a retro-Filter and 4:3 aspect ratio.

  • @carpetbomberz
    @carpetbomberz Рік тому +2

    Alistair E. Ritchie, I never knew Dennis Ritchie's dad was such an illustrious employee ALSO of Bell Labs. Wowza.

  • @MeriaDuck
    @MeriaDuck Рік тому +3

    4:40 wow. You can think you know a lot at 47, but still only now realize where the name relay originated from 🤣. How did I miss that technology connection.
    And thanks for wearing that shirt ❤️🌈

  • @c4715
    @c4715 Рік тому +2

    Your videos are great, you explain things so clearly.

  • @Vixus
    @Vixus Рік тому +2

    Technology Connections vibes. ♥
    Very good stuff, Sarah! :3

  • @morganmeehan5199
    @morganmeehan5199 Рік тому +3

    "Old timey nerds" - Note to self, do not drink when Sarah is presenting. Darn near choked.

  • @DuaneHinkle
    @DuaneHinkle Рік тому +2

    I just found your channel and I am loving it. I spent my career with Pacific Telephone and it is so much fun learning about Panel switching, trouble cards in crossbar and everything else you cover. Your explanations are easy to understand. We had #5 crossbar offices and most were wire spring and one was flat spring. I recall flat spring relay crossbar offices had single sided trouble cards and wire spring offices had double sided cards. Am I recalling that correctly? Thank you!

    • @ConnectionsMuseum
      @ConnectionsMuseum  Рік тому +2

      That is most likely correct. It wasn't necessarily flatspring or wirespring, but the original (older) trouble cards were single sided, and the older switches were also flatspring, so that would make sense. The double sided cards were mostly for AMA, or Automatic Message Accounting (billing).

  • @voxframe2259
    @voxframe2259 Рік тому

    Love it! I like the new format too! Although I’m glad you kept some of the fun and humour included. Great work!!! Happy Holidays!

  • @jaysonl
    @jaysonl Рік тому +2

    As someone who dabbled lightly in phone phreaking in my youth, I've been binging the videos on this channel.
    PS: Do you have any footage of the 48v power supply in the basement? I'd love to see Battery!

  • @draidt
    @draidt Рік тому +1

    This harkens me back to changing 24-contact transfer relays, wiring nightmare in the back

  • @micahnightwolf
    @micahnightwolf Рік тому

    If y'all are interested in an in-depth exploration of relay circuit design and combinational logic, I highly suggest you search for "Clickety Clack Relay Computer" on youtube. Unfortunately the actual machine was never finished, but the builder did explain logic gates and the process of making a basic CPU with an ALU, cache, instruction set, and multiplexer circuitry just using relay logic. It's a great learning experience, and it's not too different from the circuitry you work with at the museum.

  • @robertharlan1367
    @robertharlan1367 Рік тому +5

    Transfer contacts are also commonly called Single Pole Double Throw.

    • @BenFranske
      @BenFranske Рік тому +3

      What is came to say. DPST would be one used to make two different circuits.

  • @petehiggins33
    @petehiggins33 Рік тому +1

    I spent a whole career as an electrical engineer and I still get confused over poles and throws but I'm 99% sure that you got that wrong at 4:15. A transfer contact (which I would call a change-over contact) is single pole double throw (SPDT). I's very non-intuitive but the poles are the number of circuits being controlled and the throws are the number of possible contacts being made by each pole. Actually it must be thirty years since I last used a relay so things might have changed.

  • @markholm7050
    @markholm7050 Рік тому +2

    Very well done . Clear and informative.

  • @sethtaylor5938
    @sethtaylor5938 Рік тому +1

    Glad to see you're at it again.

  • @jackhreha4907
    @jackhreha4907 Рік тому

    In the old days a delay relays were used .This was done by what was called an oil dash pot, that made the make or break slowed down buy fluid. Best regards Jack

  • @ewetoo
    @ewetoo Рік тому

    The way they implemented the boolean logic of this is really interesting.

  • @robinsparrow1618
    @robinsparrow1618 Рік тому +1

    thanks for the video! love seeing how your production's been improving lately!
    trans rights!

  • @morrisflory1936
    @morrisflory1936 Місяць тому

    Good explanations. I remember in the 4A CT replacing contacts (forgot the name of the tool) LOL but it was big and bulky

  • @jarettrobak
    @jarettrobak Рік тому +1

    Hi there. You mentioned something in a previous video about pay phone lines? I’d like to see more on that Is it still in the works?

  • @DanielSchless
    @DanielSchless Рік тому

    Well done. Enjoyed visiting the yesterdays of relay logic. Also, thanks for the link to the book!

  • @smudgerdave1141
    @smudgerdave1141 Рік тому

    Hey, great video. At 4:13 you refer to a transfer (or changeover) contact as DPST (double-pole single-throw). You misspoke and this should read SPDT (single-pole double-throw). It is the double-throw part which makes it a transfer (or changeover) contact. HTH.

  • @TheTemporalAnomaly
    @TheTemporalAnomaly Рік тому +1

    I am trying to reconstruct some of the old indicator lamps that were used on communications equipment. They were constructed of a threaded brass tube, with a chrome bezel and white opaque glass dome insert. I am remembering these from many years ago and would really appreciate if you could share any close up images you might have of this kind of indicator. They were about 12 mm in diameter. Sail Hatan, Chris UK.

  • @DieselGeneratortraining
    @DieselGeneratortraining Рік тому +2

    Wow amazing explain 👏 from #PowerLearningChannel

  • @jaut-76
    @jaut-76 Рік тому +1

    I’m quite knowledgeable about relays since my homebrew AM transmitter uses quite a few to help minimise the damage to switches as well as this I have a British UAX13 10 subscriber rack and a ww2 wireless set 19 which use relays for lots of functions

  • @tomran247
    @tomran247 Рік тому +2

    Fantastic lecture, thank you!

  • @jrtrint1
    @jrtrint1 Рік тому +1

    Great stuff Sarah! Do you folks have a "mili-box" to set up the polar relays?

  • @christophernetherton9389
    @christophernetherton9389 Рік тому +1

    /Great video. Also loved he T-shirt. You have my support. Christopher.

  • @CoolDudeClem
    @CoolDudeClem Рік тому

    I still use relays in some of my electronic projects. My home made thermostat has one to turn the heater on and off. (even though my room is usually warm enough that I don't need it)

  • @video99couk
    @video99couk Рік тому

    4:25 Correct me if I'm wrong, but isn't that a single pole, single throw (or changeover) SPDT contact? Double Pole DPDT would be two of them.

  • @Vincent_Sullivan
    @Vincent_Sullivan Рік тому +3

    Wait... What?? At 4:15 you describe a "transfer" contact as a "Double Pole Single Throw" contact in conventional electronic engineering speak. Should that not be a Single Pole Double Throw contact? I've been inconveniencing electrons by pushing them around for over 60 years and that is what I have always called them.

    • @ConnectionsMuseum
      @ConnectionsMuseum  Рік тому +1

      I think you're right. I might have reversed SPDT to DPST. Sorry!

    • @davidboone7630
      @davidboone7630 Рік тому

      @@ConnectionsMuseum I was about to make Vincent's point, but saw that he beat me to it. In this context, it's a minor oops and doesn't really detract from your wonderful explanations in this and all of your videos. Please keep up the great work! Btw, I got interested in relays when I was developing my model railroad layout in junior high school; and I further honed my relay logic (mixed with transistor and IC logic) skills during my time as Chief Engineer at my college (Iowa State U) student radio station. Ah, those were the days!)

  • @tseckwr3783
    @tseckwr3783 Рік тому +2

    "Relay Rights are Magnetic Rights"

  • @bildersoft-consultancyserv5314

    Espectacular adoro este tipo de circuitos

  • @outthereassociates7155
    @outthereassociates7155 Рік тому

    Great presentation! That color suits you btw.

  • @winterburan
    @winterburan Рік тому +1

    I love relays like girls who know how to use them !😊

  • @cnvogel
    @cnvogel Рік тому +1

    Beautiful video, as always. But can we please talk about that absolute gigantic soldering iron (at 7:10)…? 😂

  • @edgeeffect
    @edgeeffect Рік тому

    KonradZuse liked your video on UA-cam
    ... I never knew why relays were called "relays"... thanks

  • @krysp
    @krysp Рік тому +4

    Hey. Cool shirt. A+

  • @cpi23
    @cpi23 Рік тому

    such a great video, and very good fundamentals for pinball nerds too

  • @realnutteruk1
    @realnutteruk1 Рік тому +1

    7:21... that's not a soldering iron... *THIS* is a soldering iron!

  • @jonimiller1954
    @jonimiller1954 Рік тому

    Great vid as usual. I only recently discovered your channel and love it. From another trans woman here in Australia, Joni.

  • @150flyer4
    @150flyer4 Рік тому

    All that fun with relays, but no inductive shock!! Isn’t that the best part??

  • @HelloKittyFanMan.
    @HelloKittyFanMan. Рік тому

    Thanks, this was pretty interesting! Yeah, relay logic was pretty much the earliest of digital circuitry, if I understand right.

  • @johnopalko5223
    @johnopalko5223 Рік тому

    At 4:30, wouldn't the Transfer contact be a single-pole-double-throw (SPDT) arrangement? DPST would just be two independent make or break circuits.

    • @ConnectionsMuseum
      @ConnectionsMuseum  Рік тому +1

      Yep. I said it wrong :)

    • @johnopalko5223
      @johnopalko5223 Рік тому +1

      @@ConnectionsMuseum Easy mistake to make. Let me just add that I really enjoy your videos. I love old telephone switches. It brings back memories of my days at Bell Labs. I never worked on anything but 5ESS and the Autoplex 1000 cellular switch but I sure enjoyed hanging out in the 1A and 3ESS labs.

  • @HelloKittyFanMan.
    @HelloKittyFanMan. Рік тому

    Have a nice Christmas!

  • @Srinathji_Das
    @Srinathji_Das Рік тому

    Relay awesome video! 👍

  • @jonp92
    @jonp92 Рік тому

    I love those glasses!

  • @TheSonicfrog
    @TheSonicfrog Рік тому

    Oh la la ... relays! Railroads used relays for all sorts of critical safety functions and developed some to be able to withstand a lightning strike!

  • @spacedock1
    @spacedock1 Рік тому

    Hey Sarah! Do you know of any other books on relay logic and also physical design of relays? I’ve seen a few BSTJ articles, but not a huge amount.
    I’m reading through that Keister, Richie book right now, but I know I’m gonna want more after I’m done 😊 it’s surprisingly hard to find books on relay logic!

  • @HelloKittyFanMan.
    @HelloKittyFanMan. Рік тому +1

    Holy cow, ya got a big enough soldering iron?

  • @ShayBlez
    @ShayBlez Рік тому

    :D Good morning, Sarah! :D

  • @michalkowalski3425
    @michalkowalski3425 Рік тому +1

  • @Tims_Projects
    @Tims_Projects Рік тому

    Thanks for that, now I know how it got it's name. 🧐

  • @FrankBenlin
    @FrankBenlin Рік тому

    Very good, thank you.

  • @wouterke9871
    @wouterke9871 Рік тому

    Nice, but I think there is more to say about latching and flip flopping relays. I love relays, prefer analogue over digital.