The rise and fall of the Mughal Empire - Stephanie Honchell Smith
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- Опубліковано 5 чер 2024
- Trace the rise and fall of the Mughal Empire, which became one of the wealthiest and most powerful states in the early modern world.
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Though he was descended from some of the world’s most successful conquerors, Babur struggled to gain a foothold among the many other ambitious princes in Central Asia. So he turned his attention to India, where his descendants stayed and built the Mughal Empire. Stephanie Honchell Smith details the rise and fall of one of the wealthiest and most powerful states in the early modern world.
Lesson by Stephanie Honchell Smith, directed by Raghav Arumugam, Jagriti Khirwar.
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Fun fact, they actually never called themselves "Mughals" but Gurkaniya, a term which evokes their connection as sons in law to Genghis Khan
Thank you, I didn't know
Any relation to the elite military group called the Gurkhas?
It makes sense!!! Bc the word “Ko’ragon” or “Ko’ragoniy” was very popular during Tumirid dynasty. It referred them being the son-in-laws of the reigning clan (royal) Borjigids and also referred them to be from the sister clan Barlos.
@@murodillafatkhullaev9782 Baburids, Indo-Timurids, or Gurkanids would be better English namings for the so called Mughal misnomer
Interesting
“Look back over the past, with its changing empires that rose and fell, and you can foresee the future too.”
― Marcus Aurelius, Meditations
@Angry Austrian Painter wow, be careful with your logo, many people wouldn't see this as sarcasm
@@alexd832 It's all intentional
Cool that you posted this, I just started Meditations.
The entire 🌎 is hoping for the end of the terroristic and psycopathic US empire.
@Angry Austrian Painter yeah and your username is totally accidental....
Babur means "tiger", so that image on the sword was a great touch.
For anyone interested in the story of the dynasty, I highly recommend "Empire of the Moghul" by Alex Rutherford.
I'm currently reading it, it's so beautifully written!
@@little_swallow I read the first three volumes years ago but interest petered out after that. Now own all six and am starting from the beginning.
@@Hallows4 it can be a little heavy on the information side, same for me. I'm on the 3rd vol currently.
@@little_swallow The biggest obstacle for me is typically remembering all of the characters names, since many of them can sound similar.
Fiction? vhy vould you recommend fiction for learning about Mughal history? I'll never understand vhy people think historical fiction is an appropriate source for history.
check Michael Fisher's "A Short History of the Mughal Empire", Majumdar's "History and Culture of the Indian People - Volume 07: The Mughul Empire" and J.F Richards' "The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 1, Part 5: The Mughal Empire" for single volume books on the Mughal empire. I can reccommend more books if anyone vants.
I'm from Uzbekistan, Babur's original homeland. I was named after him actually
U added Russian name?
@@gobimurugesan2411 actually, people in most post-Soviet countries have surnames ending with and . That's a legacy from our former Russian overlords
Your ancestors committed innumerable crimes in my homeland...Babur is just remembered as a barbaric central Asian turkic invader
@@gobimurugesan2411 of course no wonder the russians deislamized them , made them enjoy pork and wine...look at the ones in Afghanistan, the hazaras ...same central Asian Muslims or turks just across the border....but the culture is completely opposite there..as they weren't under Russian influence...
So your name BlurryBob is derived from Babur?
As someone from Uttarakhand, traveling to the plains opens up a whole different world. It is not as peaceful and serene as the hills with their many temples and forests but is still very impressive.
Fun fact, akhbar used to travel to uttrakhand temples too. Like hanol temple
Oh thanks I didn’t know that!
Fun Fact, there are plains in Uttarakhand Too, even most of the population of Uttarakhand lives in plains. I have lived there for about 6 months there in the towns of Southern Uttarakhand and even learnt some slang in the local dialect, next time I would like to visit Kumaon and Garawal too. Also I made two of my best friends for life there.
@@jonasdavies1806 Yes certainly. Uttarakhand has the most diverse geoforms. I was referring to the plains of UP, the Delhi area, etc where there is a more significant Mughal and Islamic architectural influence.
@@DB-me7ol where are you from In Uttarakhand? And also do you know these dialects like Kumaoni or Garawali?
I wish they taught us this type of history in high school, but according to American schools “world history” is only limited to European history.
And in India, it's mostly limited to Indian history or modern (20th century) 'world' I.e. European history.
@@krishnagopalsrivastava2084 there is so little time in school so they had to make the best of it. the Indian history couldn't be avoided, but they still glossed over some history, like that of south India which was never under Mughal rule. the French revolution was a key point so it can't be avoided either. The first and second world war did change the world a lot even though its definitely an overstatement to call the military efforts of just Europe a world war. As for Italian, Russian and German history that we were taught, I don't remember even paying attention to the classes. I am assuming German an Russian history had to do with world war but I can't remember what the significance of the Italian unification was. asides from that we were taught about the old trading and a bit about the Indus valley civilization and Indian independence were repeated a few times. we really don't have enough room for much else. maybe the neighbours of Mughals and the old republic of Rome and the independence of America or how India affected some neighbouring civilizations like Sri Lanka could be added.
Same in Canada. Anything east of Europe is not taught. The Byzantine Empire, though it lasted nearly 1000 years, was Christian, and close to Europe, is barely known by many modern Westerners. Our cultures from Europe were dominated by the Catholic Church, which tends to want to ignore the whole Byzantine empire which was not under their pope. But your comment makes me realize we also do not teach much about anything East.
@@derangedlunatic9191 "Call the military efforts of just Europe a world war" I can understand that the war was started and centred around Europe but excuse me 2.5 million indians gave "effort" in that war. It's definitely part of Indian History
@@derangedlunatic9191 " call the military efforts of just Europe a world war."
Europe controlled most of the world, the only continent untouched by war was south america.
And I struggle to see how Japan's conquests of many asian countries was european.
Whatever education system you're under, it clearly failed you
" Subha Ke Takht Nasheen, Sham ko mujrim tehre. Hum ne pal bhar mein naseebo'n ko badalte dekha hai" (In the morning I was enthroned, In the evening I was reduced to a prisoner. I have seen destiny turn in the fraction of a second) . This heart-rendering couplet by the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar not only summarizes the individual downfall of an Emperor , but also the end of a great dynasty. This illustrates how empires rise and fall and glory which seems eternal, fades in a second.
"Great dynasty" lol good joke😂
@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 so what was it then?
@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 I mean the Mughals vere one of the fev dynasties along vith the Mauryans that managed to conquer most of India, only the Guptas and the Maratha come close other than these, it's a pretty impressive feat.
Bahadur shah Zafar vas King of Delhi in his entire reign, the EIC reduced titular authority in 1835.
@@ratanlalbhattacharjee1125 There wasn't a Greater Dynasty to rule over the Subcontinent except the Mughals. And we're talking about Great in all proportions. Territories,wealth, administration, consolidation,politics etc
The interesting thing is that a lot of Turkic words are identical to the Indian language. I know all languages have a root, but this connection of Indo-Central Asia is very surprising.
I’d want to say that’s because of the influence of the Persian language on Turkish, which is related to Hindi in a similar way English is related to Italian
@@rbran English has nothing to do with italian
@@husseinzaid2092 Germanic Languages (like English and German) and Romance Languages (like Italian, Spanish, French) may not be extremely extremely similar. However, they both descend as branches of the Indo-European language family and do actually share a lot of common features. Additionally, there has been a lot of intermixing between the languages due to invasion and trade, making them share various words. This is the same thing that has occurred with Hindi and Farsi, as they are both Indo-European languages, though not under the same branch. They also have this intermixing due to proximity, invasion, and trade over hundreds of years.
which Indian language though?
@@harithameyyappan5570 Hindi is what I’m mostly thinkinhf
The other religions: intellectual debates
🍻 👌🏻🍷
Portuguese Jesuit: No debate, only convert 😤 📖✝️
Hinduism, Judaism, Zoroastrianism are religions based on blood and geography.
The only missionary religions are: Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism.
Akbar was already a Muslim and video does not mention any Buddhist. So yeah, Christians believe in conversion through debate (ideally)
Not really the actual historical interactions are very interactive and coloured
Why shouldn't they be disappointed? They literally traveled to another part of the world to preach something they fully believed in .it wasn't an easy journey traveling from Europe to India. Many die in the sea or from diseases like malaria and cholera(just look at the mortality rates of Europeans in india during that time ) once they land .it was their lives mission and goal to preach and spread the message of christ .besides it wasn't the way its portrayed here .while they were disappointed that akbar wouldn't convert, they actively took part in the discussions .these discussions weren't always pleasant the other groups too fiercely defended their positions and bitterly argued over whose religion was the greatest .it became so bad that akbar had to stop these discussions completely in 1582 AD
One of the key events in the Fall was the brutal sack of Delhi by the Turkic conqueror Nader Shah in 1739. The Peacock Throne was even taken (and later destroyed after Nader's death).
Nader was such a gigachad but he weakened Muslim and Turkic world too
Wasn't Nader Shah Persian?
@@user-pakshibhithi10 Nader Shah was a Turkoman from the Afshar tribe.
@@aaronTGP_3756 So, was he a Persianised Turk?
@@user-pakshibhithi10 No he was simply an ethnic Turk who ruled Iran, Nader Shah spoke two Turkic languages ; Chagatai and his mother tongue Oghuz Turkic
I like how Ted-Ed talks about the history of every empires
Akabr married also his own mother.
Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮
Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam.
Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂
Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus.
Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india .
Mughals destroyed india.
Mughals and Britishers make india poor.
Mughalas are reasons for partition.
Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.
In this case tho its hilariously wrong with the video. A rare Ted-Ed L
@@rishikeshshingte2908 wrong as in factually wrong or incomplete info.
What do you expect from compiling 200+ years into a 5 min video? Some info are bound to be omitted
@@meikhochakre3309 Factually wrong. Just because its a 5 mins video doesn't mean wrong info can be given. Ted-Ed themselves have other 5 mins videos where information is properly presented despite the time limit
@@rishikeshshingte2908 Point out the part where it's wrong then
You missed the fact that near the end of Aurangzeb's reign, the Mughal state did one huge mistake: decided to limit rights for the majority non-muslim people, even trying to implement the Jiziya tax during the crisis. Obviously, the hindus and the sikhs were furious and so they rebelled, with one of them being the Maratha Empire, which by the start of 19th century, fontrolled most of the sub-continent. And there was also many invasions by the persians and afghans which resulted in the sack of Delhi by the iranian emperor, Nader Shah (aka the Napoleon of Iran)
Lmao it's ted what else do you expect
Marathas controlling most of subcontinent.....😆
Exactly!
Factual inaccuracy:
1. Aurangzeb's imposition didn't result into instant rebellion. Infact during that time,mughal empire were at its largest. 2. Maratha Empire "control"ing vast majority of India is a misleading statement. They were puppets of the British East India Company. EIC started their control in India in 1757. Within 50 years, there was no independent unaffected ruler in India.
whatsapp university 😂
Wealth and prosperity never stays, it comes and goes, and comes again, India is proof of that.
💔
Yeah it is very hard to maintain it when there is another country constantly stealing the resources of your country
Still waiting for it to come again...
@@jobz9150 The wait won't be long, a century or two maybe... What's that compared to the entirety of human civilization?
it was always there in india untill the colonisation.
Being a descendant of both genghis khan and tamerlane is crazy
How? They have lot of bastards its not like they were in real family or even in close circle they were kicked out from uzbekistan actually
@@navneetparmar3632 I just meant the coincidence of it all. That babur established an empire himself, just like his (very far) ancestors.
@@mamamiaherewegoagain6959 naah it was not empire at babur time actually even after his death his son humayun was kicked out and forced to take refuge under hindu and persian rulers by sher shah suri and after 15 years when sher shah died without successor mughals re estaiblished theselves with help of others , only capable ruler was akbar although he was puppet ruler and was lucky that he had loyal caretaker who didnt overthrown him anyway akbar made mughals empire thats my point and later its demise was done by aurangjeb who presecuted majority hindus too much that mughal empire was uprooted by hindu maratha empire this 5 minute video cant explain everything
@@navneetparmar3632Babur was literally the legitimate son of Timurid Emir and Genghisid Princess
Even taimur himself was cousin of genghis khan 😂
Ottoman gunpowder aid to Timurid prince Babur was a turning point which enabled his conquest of Northern India paving way for the rise of the Mughal Empire
Yes that is true. but the usage of musket was rarely used but canons were highly used to destroy Infantry and cavalry
What u mean aid. He owned them all
@@kumosi9437Nope.An Ottoman officer named Mustafa Ramin appointed by the Ottoman Sultan helped the Babur.
@@exspresstelekom6699cannot find this Ramin guy anywhere?... Any sources or references?
It was better to defend his country with that aid. I mean he should have won Shayboniyxon who was leader of uzbeks.
It is still amazing to learn about Central Asia's underrated history while they had great empires and conquerors
@@lordvold9486but Akbar was Uzbek
@@sairahameed5515 Afghan
@@lordvold9486it has nothing to do with india,its central asian and muslim history
all gunpowder empires namely ottomans, safavids and mughals have central asian nomad turkic origin. bur only ottomans were able to maintain their origin.
not great bruh they were literally invaders who originated from Central Asia to destroy temples and all cultural heritage to force Islam
I am from Central Asia and it’s interesting to learn about its historical connection with India
most of it its fake
it's all lie here
@@sacidaniel8263saying who expert?😂😂😂😂
@@ankitsoni9275saying who an expert of history 😂😂
@@ankitsoni9275 ah yes indian propaganda book fed indian kids
In india we learnt the Mughal Empire for a year in class 9. Very nicely put in this short video
Remember the amount of names we had to stuff into our heads for class 4?
@@luckywolf8171 well looking back at it all, school days were so great. Surely better than adulting:p
Well I am a student of class 9 and there is not a single mention Mughals in the history book instead it is full of European history . Pls correct it , we study about mughals mainly in class 7 . Peace✌️
@@luckywolf8171 class 4th was the best history ever
Akabr married also his own mother.
Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮
Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam.
Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂
Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus.
Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india .
Mughals destroyed india.
Mughals and Britishers make india poor.
Mughalas are reasons for partition.
Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.
I surprised they didn’t mention the reign of Akbar’s father, Humayun (it would have been a hilarious side note).
You mean his start of reign, or the brief interruption by suri empire or the fact that he died due to injury while falling from stairs of his astronomy tower?
@@crzahmed9707 All of the above (I really liked Jack Rackam’s video on him😆).
he was a clown duh
I wish ted did a video on Sher Shah Suri. One of the greatest administrators of his time, who also defeated Humayun and briefly took control of Mughal Empire.
He didn't have a reign. His "reign" was a failure, and he almost went back to the Timurid Empire.
You should make a video about Chola Dynasty
they will never do it ,it is baised channel
unsubscribe
goto abhijeet chawala
@@Coolguy-or8ex it an age of "war of ai"
stay safe from fake news & be careful whom u follow.
go to abhijeet chawala for history lessons
@@ankitsoni9275 as much as i support the truth that mughals had done atrocities in india, chadwa straightup lies when he wants to.
@@desi_bhai_ 🥺
Chola empire was very small and insignificant, it never went up to the extent of the mughals or even the Mauryans for that case so just keep aside your propaganda, the channel is a well reputed one unlike G0di media 😃
Babur was born in the city of Andijan, which is now part of modern-day Uzbekistan
@Spiritual Seeker No, I do not
@@abdullajonrasulov1156 Mughals have nothing to do with Uzbekistan
It's not your history
They didn't do anything for Uzbekistan and they didn't cared about your small eyes
@@BlessedFamily5He was Uzbeki born in Andijan
@@BlessedFamily5 Andijan, Uzbekistan
They say punctual is good but being early in UA-cam is sad as there are no comments to read
get a life
Conversion from company rule to colonial rule broke me
I am from comilla city of Bangladesh 🇧🇩 and the area where I live name is "Mughaltuli" means "Mughal locality". There is a Mughal architectural mosque near my house.
Love from burichong 🇧🇩
As a Gurkani belonging to one of the 6 last remaining traditional families(mine is in north Punjab, Pakistan), I say thanks. We are often confused here,We have no large community and live in friendship and alliance of our historical allies and neighbours ,Ghakkars,and Yuarics
And you're proud of that?
Bengalese have no relation with Mughals, you're proud of the fact that your ancestors failed to protect your land
@@khushi2003.Looks like pajjet got a problem
Do Benin Empire next. The world needs to know of other ancient civilizations in Africa asides Egypt 😅
Oyo empire too
They already did kush and Ethiopia
@@scarletkingdom2359 Agreed. But their focus is still relatively the same region of Africa.
@@arakachukwunweike7259 I believe they also did mali
Yeah I'd love to know more about Africa
TED-Eds videos are so engaging thanks to the animation and creativity
Awesome work Ted ed I loved it excellent animation and good information hope you can do it to other Indian empires like Chola Pandyas and Vijayanagar too
r u from Tamil nadu??..
@@AceCreation1 nope from Telengana
@@ganeshareddy686 Kk
@@AceCreation1 and where are you from bro
@@ganeshareddy686 Tamil nadu , Salem
Please do one in Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ❤
Accha
He clown and he never defeated Aranguzib😂😂
bro what did you do ?? that you guys praise him soo much for???
he just looted a pileged other tribes go learn real history
not from whatsapp university.
@@ibrahim-sf9odThats some Madarsa chhaap quality meme knowledge u got. Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj established maratha empire against immense odds.
@@GhGh-sj4wblol😂
People often overlook that the British Empire followed a series of other competing & warring empires who tried to conquer India.
By the time British arrived Most of India was consolidated by the Marathas. The Mughals king in Delhi was essentially a puppet.
Aurangazeb was defeated in a war of attrition by the Marathas. He spent the last decades of his life in Deccan
Conquering and colonising is different though. Even though the mughals did bad things, as did all other kings ever, they lived in this country and their decents are here with us to live though the consequences of their ancestors actions. Colonisers however, stole our stuff and left to enrich their families and their own countries with our resources. Hastings and Mountbattens' children or followers are not in india anymore. They are enjoying the wealth their ancestors stole in the comfort of England.
@@shramanadasdutta3006 Karma will pay back. It always does and will continue to do so 'til the end of time. Don't worry. :)
@@shramanadasdutta3006 excuse me but Mughals also colonized Bharat . Read Baburnama for reference.
@@sagnikchatterjee2946 my comment just explained the difference between conquering and colonising. Mughals conquered, British colonised.
Ted Ed coming in clutch just in time for my AP world history exam
Please make a video on Sikh Empire…. The Reign of Maharaja(great king) Ranjit Singh!
Sadly after Ranjit Singh, the leaders turned out to be useless. Otherwise Sikh Empire was powerful. Well, it's the ultimate result of absolute monarchies...
Mahraja Ranjit singh was very inspired by Akbar, he even commisioned painted book of Ain i Akbari
@@subhanhasan990tsikfmnice joke 😂
@@williamcunninghammorrison3894 everything that doesn't suits your agenda is propaganda! Bunch of foolish multitudes 😅
@@subhanhasan990tsikfm and his son Sher Singh b3head3d Ahmad Shah Barelvi at the Battle of Balakot which now is used as a wahabi training ground for militants.
Wow you just skipped Aurangzeb's rule which was one of the longest(48 yrs compared to Akbar's 49 yrs rule) and also the role of Marathas and Sikhs in bringing down Mughal empire entirely.
The tiger reflection from Babur's sword because his name is the Farsi word for tiger, subtle details like that is why I absolutely love TED
Thanks, need this for my final in a couple days
How is it possible that the best videos only come out when I am trying to study? 😂😂😂
Lol so true
At the height of their power (under Aurangzeb), the Mughals ruled a vast empire comprising the land between present day Pakistan in the west to Bangladesh in the east. From Jammu and Kashmir in the north to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh in the south.
you know only one part of the story😂
Aurangzeb most intolerant and brutal ruler. He led to downfall of empire.
@@mrphoenix6671 i hope you know who is the reason behinf his downfall
@@mrphoenix6671Sikhs,Afridis,Blioals,Dutch,French,Seperatist Nawabs,Succession crisis led to the empire being cracked
@@crzahmed9707Sikhs were the ones that defeated both Mughals and afghans
As an Indian I am kind of interested in Mughal History
I was coming up with concepts thinking that the revolt of 1857 would be a stalemate and the Mughals would just occupy North India and the British would occupy a few in the North and South
Its just a concept its just a theory
People often tease the Mughals cuz they were the baddies in India
They dont know that Aurangzeb was the ONLY baddie not the others
But the best part is that as the British arrived along with other Europeans they became the defenders of India and other kingdoms cuz the British wanted to achieve their Manifest Destiny
We know that Akbar treated people of other faiths and Religions equally not for love but for stability
Also Bahadur Shah Zafar said this about the Hindus and Muslims in India:
“Khuda, the Hindus and Muslims of India are my children. Please keep them safe and don’t let them suffer for my deeds at the hands of the British.”
Thats kinda sweet for a Mughal Emperor to say
Anyways um thats all.Everyone has their own opinion on Mughals...but I dont speak up I dont care what they think of the Mughals
Mughals are still better than British. British dividend india too much . Scars of Mughals on Indian subcontinent is far more than any Empire ever existed in india
@@_dyson Don't even compare to Mughals with British. British looted everything from India..
Not just Mahabharata, Akbar also commisioned miniature paintings of Ramayana, Harivamsa, and translations of Yoga-Vasishta. His descendants who were of mixed Rajput and Mughal lineage (especially Shah Jahan who was 3/4 Rajput) even commissioned translations from Sanskrit into Braj Bhasha at times, instead of courtly Persian. Shah Jahan even ordered a copy of 1000 braj bhasha poems for his dhrupad singers, the name was SahasRas, originally penned by a poet of the Gwalior Court. However the last main mughal, Aurangzeb wasn't this appreciative of Indian culture (despite having indian ancestry), and was a religious fanatic. Aurangzeb usurped the throne from his Elder brother Dara Shikoh, who is known for penning a book "meeting of the two seas" or "majma ul bahrain" which explores the commonalities of Hinduism and Islam
Prashant real id se aa
Dara Shikho was definitely a very interesting character, but what I understand that he was not a very good administrator.
India's representation of Aurangzeb in history books is not the full truth. Aurangzeb employed more Hindus in his administration than any of the previous rulers. I recommend you to read about him from neutral sources.
Akabr married also his own mother.
Jahangir shan jahan married his own daughter 😮
Akbar take jajiya (Tax) from non-Muslims. Or converted into islam.
Mughals ban diwali festival. 😂
Mughals killed lot of sikh gurus.
Mughal totally know without Rajputs ,they cant rule south india .
Mughals destroyed india.
Mughals and Britishers make india poor.
Mughalas are reasons for partition.
Mughal emperor persecuted sikhs and brahmans 😅.
@@sayakchoudhury9711 interesting, what makes you say that though?
The amount of times I've read the word Mughal in my books...
same bro same
And it literally means Mongols.
?
@@observing..3036 there was so much Mughal history documented in indian history books that some people are literally saying they had to remove some of the Mighal history
@@GoingToAFuneral yes
I'm From India & we had 50% book for Mughals which covered only 300 years of history.
While remained 50% book covered 800 years of history in non detailed fashion.
Mughals were just part of Indian history.
There were many Kingdoms before & after them.
Thank you, TED-Ed! 💕
it's fascinating how the most powerful empire at a time was defeated 17 times by a small kingdom in the northeastern part of India, THE AHOM EMPIRE!
17 times is overstatement. Mughals had their moments. And fighting mughals was constly for Ahoms as they were easily defeated by British later on
ANd it will be good if u check the name of Mughal general at sarrianghat
Mughals were hardly an unbeatable force. Even Ahmednagar defeated them several times
@@rajashashankgutta4334 yep, there was so much infighting, and the Mughal Army was so spread out fighting Persian and Afghan and Marathas etc. it was just that they undisputedly controlled the de facto capital of India: Delhi, and that they were the wealthiest.
Lol. They were mere skirmishes. If Ahom were so powerful why couldn’t they take lands from Bengal presidency.
@@rajashashankgutta4334 rajputs who constantly got defeated by mughals : wait whot
Mughal Empire was a great empire, under its rule India prospered. You should've mentioned the Marathas, who played a huge role in tumbling down the mughals. Huge battles for domination of subcontinent were fought in what came to be known as Mughal-Maratha war, in which Marathas won against the Mighty Mughals. By 1757 they reached delhi, and by 1758 reached peshawar. The Mughal empire was split into regional kingdoms, with the Nizam of Hyderabad, Nawab of Oudh and Nawab of Bengal quick to assert the nominal independence of their lands. And then the British east India company's conquests of India started from battle of Plassey fought against Nawab of Bengal who was assisted by French and French east India company. The British victory was made possible by the defection of Mir Jafar, who was Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah's commander in chief.
The fact that you have a DP of Shri Ram
Respect to you as a Muslim
Mughals and Marathas were mighty forces of India who fought against the Brits
But the traitors who are with us even today continue dividing hs
Yes it was a great Empire but India didnt prosper under the mughals. Infact while empires wealth increased India’s share of world gdp declined under them because of high taxation and most of it was spent on vanity projects and not public works. You dont them constructing canals or roads unlike the cholas did in south india
Their empire resembled mauryan empire under asoka which collapsed swiftly after his death.
@@karthika560 I see where you're coming from. In reference to Cholas, I agree that they were really great administrators and infrastructure development of the scale which cholas did was a rare sight in history of humanity, one might claim they were akin to Romans. That being said, I mentioned India prospered under Mughal Empire, cause that is what India has always been, a prosperous land both culturally and economically. Mughals, although they didn't push Infrastructure projects like other kingdoms of India, Like Guptas or Mauryas, yet under them the prosperity didn't vanish. In that sense I said under their rule India prospered, that is also the reason why I never said "they were the only empire in human history which build India and without Mughals India was barren and poor", and I can never say this cause this statement is utterly wrong. Hope you get my point.
@@karthika560 and they did develop art and culture, Maintained and managed a huge territory, paved a way to an amazing cuisine and, as you mentioned, carried out many vanity projects across the nation. It was a shame how most of them were not tolerant, and marginalisation of Hindus also came with aforementioned positives. That being said, Some of them (sadly, only about a couple of them) really tried to bridge the gap between Hindus and Muslims. The thought was there but alas, Hindu-Muslim Harmony didn't last.
@@nikhil518 Under Mughals Indians became much poorer. Europeans grew richer during the same time. People are equating treasury growth with prosperity.
Actually, Mughals were less babaric than turkish conquerers but if you read sources even akbar wasnt religiously tolerant.
Disappointed at the lack of mention of the Sikhs and Marathis who were both instrumental in the decline of Mughal power. It's like talking about the decline of the European empires without mentioning the countless wars for independence of their colonial states.
They were the puppet of the EIC.
They pretty much pretended that the Moghuls did India a favor by attacking it. Like they "opened port cities to trade", like the Indians didn't know how to trade before they were conquered?
Bobur was born in Andijan, current Uzbekistan.
Always nice to see the brilliant creator behind Rags Animations handling the visuals again.
Hey thanks! Im so glad you enjoyed the video! I really enjoyed working on this!
@@RagsAnimations you make these animation s?
@@hostile_user yep!
@@RagsAnimations I really like the animation.
The symbol for the BEIC has me wondering though. Isn't this the flag of the fictional East India Trading Company (EITC) created for the Disney film? afaik BEIC never used this, not super sure though
I am so jealous that they had a pool full of lemonade. It would be really nice to have one of my own. But it's best advised to wear swim goggles before diving in.
I wonder how lemonade was made back then, as opposed to more modern recipes.
@@l.n.3372 lemon and water as usual, maybe the royalty mixed rose petals and stuff
@@DarkMage2k
I doubt they used as much sugar as modern days tho.
The Maratha empire brough an end to the Turko Moghuls, not the British. After Aurangzebs death the Maratha expansion began and they took over large parts of India, sacked Delhi and installed a puppet Moghul on the throne. By 1720 the Turko Moghuls shrank to a size smaller than todays' Rajasthan. Western historians have very methodically undermentioned this fact.
Exactly!
It's all ignorance and bigotry bro. They call themselves TED-ED. But we know our history and we are proud!
lol no nobody who is unbiased says that
History isn't read from only one souce. Try reading it from multiple sources to get the whole picture.
You're basing your whole take on modern Indian sources which are rewriting history as they see fit without even giving proper sources. Read the history written in that era
@@random_stuff507 Sources?? Like what?
Fake sources made up by the Britishers to defame Indian Society? BBC, CNN Sources?
We don't need made-up Sources. What we need are Sources that are actually true with proof and logic. Sad thing is proof can be changed, truth can't be but the proof could be changed.
(Almost) The whole syllabus of Class - 8 History, India in 5 minutes.
Recently watched a movie about this guy that you're talking about, and the actor who had the role was... (what's his name?) Hrithik Roshan. I was really glad to learn some facts about the real guy!
Movie is imaginary and never happened.
@@karthikpuvvula I get that, but at least the guy did exist.
@@FireRose.77 Not completely untrue
Jodha Akbar
wow there are some pretty great stories coming out of India from that time period. that Tiger-slaying Queen, for example, was fascinating
What about a history of the British empire? From the Roman colonization to the end of their influence?
Quite a good timing for the video, considering the fact the Central Government had recently decided to omit mention of Mughals in the history syllabus.
Some piece of sh!ts say that, mughals took tax from non-muslims.
Lmao,😆😂🤣
Why dont they talk about the fact that, Aurangzeb took zakat tax from Muslims?
Why Don't they mention the fact thay, total tax given by muslims were more than, that of non-muslims.
They just know how to hate, not learn.
Mention was reduced & not Omitted.
India is much more than Mughals.
Mughals doesn't mean Indian history.
Mughals were just part of Indian history.
@@kedarmeow
Mughals means India, India Means Mughal.
People Don't want to see mandirs or masjids, they want to see, India, what did your other empires did, except building Mandirs?
Ashoka forcefully made hindus convert to Buddhism. Thats the only good thing that he did.
@@LionsHeart3.1.3 Most senseless comment ever made be like:
@@commentnahipadhaikar2339
Most senseless people reading a comment be like:
Babur was a great general, poet, people-loving ruler. he was from a place called Andijan in present-day Uzbekistan. Babur is the great ancestor of our Uzbeks. We are proud to be compatriots with Babur as our ancestor
hindlarga yoqmaydi Bobur ham uning avlodlari ham :)
@@boburzod bu muhimmas Bobur va uning avlodlari Hind xalqiga qanday ijobiy o‘zgarishlarni olib kelganini tarix biladi bir guruh hindlarga yoqish yoqmasligi ikkilamchi masala
@@abdulazizyakubjonov7277 😂😂 they bought nothing to indian society now mughal ancestors lives in slum of Kolkata
You have to learn when did he became people loving.
Are you ignoring the mother's, sister and old people that were killed in his invasions?
Entire punjab was blood filled .
Please my friend just because he came from where you live doesn't mean he was kind hearted .
If I come and kill your family and take your land and after 400 years someone say I was kind hearted ?
. He himself wrote in baburnama that after coming to India and seeing its people that these people can't be controlled by violence nor his old ancestors ideology . He recognized his mistake and changed his heart . Read baburnama .
@@abdulazizyakubjonov7277 if I kill your family , is it secondary issue for you?
If there was any good in babur that only came after coming in india . Read baburnama !
Turko-mogolic people, we were conquerors and great warriors. The nomadic people from Central Asia conquered India, China, Anatoly and Big Chunks of Europe.We need to remember, who we are and remember our great history.
The animation is amazing
Lesser known facts: Even after the empire crumbled to Agra and Delhi, many Indian princely states such as Wodeyars, Arcot, Travancore etc payed tribute to Mughal Empire, they sent letters to the Emperor whenever there's a succession. Having the acknowledgement of Mughals was a matter of legitimacy to these rulers. Raja Ram Mohan Roy visited England as an ambassador of the Mughal Court. In 1700, when most part of the country was ruled by Mughals, India had a 24.4 per cent world GDP share, higher than entire Europe's 23.3 percent.
And more than 33% of the world before mughals came.. Samjhe mughals ke najayaj aulaad???
@@dilsere1775 whatsApp historian spotted!
@@sauravsuresh6388 still better than bagal ke madrsa paidias😂😂
@@dilsere1775 Europe of industrialising at that time of courses there percentage would increase that 33% figure wasn't even there at the time of babur it was about 600 -700years back when there was Delhi sultanate etc many things changed over this period you can't blame mughuls for it
@@abhishekagrahari8667 bhai mughalo ke najayaj aulaad bhare pade hain 🤣🤣
NurJahan, what a name! Light of the world.
سلام!
@@youtubeuser1946 سلام
@@SinaZarin Are you Persian?
@@youtubeuser1946 yap
@@SinaZarin در ایران می مانی؟
You should make a video about the Vijayanagar Empire of India!
I love India from Iraq. They are kind and very skilled in the arts. Thank you for giving advice on how to fix some technical problems.
Love to iraq hope god gives stability and prosperity to iraq
Very interesting! Thanks for the fantastic edutainment! Ted-Ed rules
Well , as Indian , I appreciate the current Good days and we can learn a lot from our history. How our cities got looted and burned to ground under greedy leaders in past. Then european killed millions of people in India but that what makes us not only powerful but humble too. I hope India grow more and more for goodwill of Peoples.
India didn't exist before 1947 so whoever conquered ruled, nothing wrong in that
@@srikanthsv79 actually it does , we even had Govt. of India , Reserve bank of India , Indian railways , Indian cricket team and whatnot.
@@worthit5064 by British Empire & not Republic of India.
It was british, mughals, marathas etc etc or a bunch of seperate kingdom's like Hoysalas, Nizams, vijanagara etc but India didn't exist
@@srikanthsv79 even bible mentioned india 2000 years befre , inda was seen as a wealthy subcontinent ( sone ki chidya)
@@srikanthsv79 India got its independence on 1947 not discovered or formed !!
Although it's tough to say when India turned into India from separate kingdoms. India units many times with different names and later collapsed but the Mauryan Empire was the first one who almost united the all subcontinent.
The descendants of Timur who ruled in India called themselves Chaghtai Turks and looked down upon the Mughals or Mongols as half - barbarians .
Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire, Vol 1., Ram Prasad Tripathi
Central Book Depot, 1960 p.1
Chaghtai is literally the name of 4th son of Genghis khan bruh. You turks have some serious problem with your government brainwashing yall with way too biased information.
Well if you think like that the OTTOMAN look down upon the TURKS as half- barbarians
@@islammehmeov2334 The ruling class didn’t, only some devshirmes
@@islammehmeov2334 Babur Shah himself insulted Mongols a lot lol, Ottoman rulers were proud to be an Oghuz/Turkoman/Turk that’s why they claimed Oghuz Khan ancestry
@@Nomadicenjoyerplus LoL no the OTTOMAN EMPIRE wes insulted wen europeans were referring to them as TURKS LoL
4:14 That is Not the flag of the British East India Company. That symbol comes from The Pirates of the Caribbean movies.
A lot of fun facts in the comments. Here's another one: The boss-lady at 3:20, Nur Jahan, her name means "the light of the world".
Conveniently skipped over Aurangzeb
Mughals nowadays have become a sensitive topic in India, they're used for votebank politics, because they were Muslim rulers and majority of India is Hindu
Muslim should have left for Pakistan just. Want ambedkar wanted
@@arpanmandal7244Muslims will rule u again.. It is inevitable
@@arpanmandal7244 That's Not Very Nice
@@indahbudiani4773 indian constitution maker wanted total population exchange. All muslim to Pakistan and all other minorities to india . He said muslim don't have loyalty towards their host countries.
How wisely they ignored the Marathas and their roles in overthrowing mughals
The Mughals were deposed by the British. The Marathas had no role to play in it. Read real history not the one peddled by right wing nationalists.
@@NordicPolestar
Lol you should read history rather reading aasmani kitaab 😂😂
@@NordicPolestar
One of the most significant campaigns launched by the Marathas against the Mughals was the Deccan Campaign, which lasted from 1680 to 1707. The Marathas expanded their control over various regions of southern India, including parts of present-day Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, which were previously under Mughal control.
@@NordicPolestar
The Marathas dealt a major blow to the Mughals when they defeated them in the Battle of Panipat in 1761, which marked the decline of Mughal power in India.
The power of Mughals was reduced till Delhi only, that's before British came.
Stop being bootlickers of British.
@@NordicPolestar
Har baat pe right wing ka rona rona band kro
@04:20 Bengal was the wealthiest province when British Colonials took over, and when they left, Bengal was so poor they had to face famine and millions of innocent people died of hunger. Strange.
Nostalgia. I read about Mughals when I was in school. Thank you Ted ed for covering Indian history and animation is pretty good too. 🥰.
its all lie here
That's not 'Indian history'
It's just a small part of Indian history that caused the destruction of the whole well established and developed country... (Not to mention the million of people that faced genocide each and everyday) the total people who died throughout their rule will bamboozle you if you do some research.
And on top of that they fkin used the country & it's knowledge and used the destroyed monuments to just make a few new monuments
The destruction caused will make your blood boil coz of how much is lost...
Like imagine Angkor Wat level of stuff destroyed here n there
@@senseisky a WhatsApp University topper here!
@@hostile_user you mean yourself
@@1DontKnowMan you also know who i mean.
I love your videos Ted-ed !
Could you make a video with more detail about babur and other rulers
Interesting stuff you wont find in Indian education system anymore
It just reduced not remove so it does create burden in student
@@runajain5773
Shree Shree Aurangzeb🚩🔥
Har Har Aurangzeb 🚩🔥
Chuhaji Mutraj ki Hai Hai🚩
@@runajain5773You piece of sh!ts say that, mughals took tax from non-muslims.
Lmao,😆😂🤣
Why dont you talk about the fact that, Aurangzeb took zakat tax from Muslims?
Why Don't you mention the fact thay, total tax given by muslims were more than, that of non-muslims.
You just know how to hate, not learn.
🤓 Actually bud... they have multiple books for those Barbarians dedicated to teach (& brainwash) students in India.
And to mention it's going on after independence to this very moment, or for 77 years continuously.
The Happy news is (for me and I don't know what kind of news it is for you) that Mughal History will be reduced from school books and the Holy scriptures of Hinduism will be added in books (which I don't prefer much because I have studied the books and it says something important).
Babur was the Great Turkish leader who had original roots in Central Asia (modern Uzbekistan). So those claiming him as a mughal are absolutely wrong.
They were Turco-Mongols. They descend from the Barlas Mongols, who were later culturally Turkified.
The Amir Temur was a representative of Barlas tribe which consisted of locally residing people in The Central Asia before the Arrival of Chingiskhan
Turkish-Mongolic
Great pronunciation!
The pronounciation of Aurangzeb was beautiful, I almost had to replay it
Short Answer to thumbnail: Invaders
Conquerors*
@@satreobreo93 infiltrators will indeed think their ancestors to be conquerers
Do one on the chola or the pandyan empire of south india pls!!!
yessss. South Indian history is impressive. I prefer it over the Maratha Paratha Empire
@@kelvinstuart what is paratha Empire?
Lmao Paratha empire
Dont forget Vijayanagara,Rashtrakutas,Chalukyas,Hoysalas,Kadambas.....equally important south Indian kingdoms
the comments section ought to be equally interesting 👀🍿🍿🍿
As a Pakistani i remember learning about the Mughal empire throughout 6th and 7th standard and i still don't remember anything this video gave me nostalgia 😭😂
We Indians too learned about the mughal dynasty in our history books of 7th and 9th standard. Being from an ICSE school, we used to have videos played on big screens for better understanding and skillful remembering. Those old days, AHH I miss them so much!🥰
@@mohmmadzishanahmed9584 yeah my dad comes from a long loong loooooong lineage of Indian parents during the Mughal empire
@@mohmmadzishanahmed9584 good for you i hated history in school and usually cried during my history lessons 😭
@@jiminsjams01
History is fun, but govt. Wants to make it political weapon so it gets boring.
My gf is from pak too
this is rly informative, but id like to pen a small request. could u do a video on the southern indian kingdoms like the cholas, cheras and pandyas? i feel like they deserve a slice of the pie known as indian historical merits
Also Vijayanagara,Rashtrakutas,Chalukyas,Hoysalas or Kadambas.....equally important south Indian kingdoms
I love the animation
we dont look for old songs,
we look for the memories they carry
wait, is this the wrong place?
ill put it here anyway 😂
I think in these two lines you have represented, have something special,yes we look for memories, everything that we capture In present,after a long time becomes old,but we all know how valuable and precious memories they are,even if they are bad, it becomes a reminder 😊
You forgot one of the main points, in the late 1600s and early 1700s, the Marathas conquered a lot of Mughal territory and dominated India.
@@Mughal_Nationalist Of course your name is Mughal Nationalist 😂
@@Mughal_Nationalist You literally got your PHD from WhatsApp university
@@Mughal_Nationalist Sorry, the Marathas erased the Mughal out of the map in the mid 1700s (1758) not the early 1700s
@@Mughal_Nationalist They were the only small muslim genocidal states remaining, when the Marathas conquered the entire Nation. The Mughals were 1000x worse than the Britishers.
@@Mughal_Nationalist .....but the Marathas owned basically all of India
The Mughals (1526-1858) lost control of India in the 1700s, but many of the local rulers who replaced them were also Turks, at least until the British took over.
Chase, K. (2003). Conclusion. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 197-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Turks? The Marathas controlled India after defeating the sand barbarians, u can keep lying to yourself tho
This is fake and anyone with basic knowledge knows that
There was not even a single Turkic empire in india after Mughals and even Mughals are mixed people not Turkic
@@user-uj2tk2tv3z 🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓
Excellent
They skipped the chad Aurengzeb
Fun fact:I am a mughal and mughal still exist in Pakistan and known as Mirza
Besides mirzas there are also many non specified people who have mughal blood
We proud of you Bobur from Uzbekistan, region of Fergana
Assalamualakum from India I had some questions... Are you from Uzbekistan?
Please, with being a suffer of epilepsy myself like many others, can you do a video on seizures and epilepsy????
Here's TED-Ed's lesson on seizures: ua-cam.com/video/LcO9YU-Pdws/v-deo.html
The way she ignored about Autangzeb ( The most cruel Mughal ) to whitewash the Horrors of Mughal era
👏👏👏
It is a 5-minute video, what do you expect?
Also the name of the builder of Taj Mahal wasn't even spoken in the video and it was mostly about Akbar
@@PPD-40 At least I can gurantee that Aurangzeb deserved more time than
JAHANGIR'S WIFE.
If you still can't see it. Than I am sorry for you.
@@abhijitpanda524 Why?
@@abhijitpanda524 yep he definitely did, so did Shah Jahan instead of Jahangir
keep crying
I understand you had a lot to unpack. But humayun bare minimum deserved a mention
And Aurangzeb's tyranny was ultimately what began the downfall
Aurangzeb was the only one that was the best at holding the empire. The empire slowly started losing hold when numerous small rebellions broke out during Arungzeb's son's short rule, and the rebellion slowly turned greater and greater
@@crzahmed9707 I'll politely disagree, the primary cause of Mughal decline vere structural and institutional issues that began appearing in the reign of shah jahan and Aurangzeb, both of vhom failed to rectify it, this in turn vould lead to administrative and economic degradation during the later years of Aurangzeb, and continue after him, Alamgir also vorsened the crisis vith unnecessary campaigning that proved fruitless in the end, and his diplomatic mishaps and mismanagement of religious tensions also contributed as factors, this combined vith hostile entities staging invasions and uprisings marked the beginning of the decline.
All kings are just dictators.
@@crzahmed9707 And why do you think these rebellions arose ? Because of the tyranny of Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb was best
appreciate your effort on pronunciation
sorry! narration felt like it was Deepika Padukone when I heard "India" but great efforts and visual like always
Huge history explained in such a precise manner...very beautifully explained.... excellent...✨
its all lie here
@@ankitsoni9275 Ted Ed has a long reputation of being accurate. You don't worry.
@@grapeshott 😅 oh yes because it follows European historians and always tries to hide truth
@@GOOD_FARMER do you agree that " little knowledge is dangerous "
they could have make it 20+ min but they don't do that .
subjects like history are sensitive
ted ed should not have done this
& for ur knowledge it's not the first time.
@@ankitsoni9275 they talked about the key points while avoiding some controversial topic to ensure an unbiased outcome. if you want to spread the said controversial topic, you should look at some biased channels.
It's Called Baburid empire here in Uzbekistan, we celebrate Babur's birthday as a holiday. He is considered to be one of our national heroes
🇺🇿🇹🇷🇰🇿🇰🇬🇦🇿
Lol, seriously? That guy was totally genocidal and did killings based on religion 😂
That's crazy lmao. Considering some of the things that he did.
@@himeshthungaturthi3215every ruler has done some crazy stuff, that’s how they got their land in the first place
@@spacemann1425same thing can be said with all rulers
Bobur was born Fergana in Uzbekistan 🇺🇿 he is generation of Amir Temur
Interesting 😮
Your videos are incredible!
Its a joke that Mughals bought Architecture to India. Just check out the Architecture from where they came from it was not even comparable whether it be Central asia or west asia
it feels great to know that , they are telling the story of Mughal empire...even tho that's not the ideal story I've read in my school... btw even tho I'm a bangali i didn't know this much... I guess my school sucks...Nawab Sirajuddaulawas the last sultan of Mughal empire ... the one who died in a war of Bangla and British..... oooo yea, Bangla in the sweetest language in the world... fun fact