When The Dutch Ruled The World: The Rise & Fall of the Dutch East India Company
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- Опубліковано 13 жов 2024
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#RiseAndFall #Dutch #EastIndiaCompany
One of the scariest things is that the VOC could recruit it's own army. Imagine Microsoft being allowed to create army taking important resources. No company should have that power, but at that time it was a great move for the Netherlands and VOC.
The main reason was to protect their assets overseas and arm their merchant ships which worked out very well for them. We're talking 1600 here where no place was safe. Raiding ships were common and the merchant ships had to be protected.
It's called private security these days
This is actually very common, even nowadays. There are loads of shipping companies hiring private or government protection on there ships when sailing dangerous waters. They might not have their own 'army', but having the navy protect you is kinda the same, it's all about asset protection against pirates. And about conquering land in those days I guess...
Comparing the VOC to the EIC, is like David and Goliath, but in this fight, Goliath won.🏴P.s. Respect to the Dutch, all the Dutch I've met have been good people.👍
Everyone should have that power, including people.
You missed a detail: new York used to be new Amsterdam. And I think you can guess after what city they named it. Right. Amsterdam.
Yes you are correct sir
We called it new Amsterdam
But then we traded it with the British for Suriname
After that they renamed it New York
So yeah
We want it back btw give New Amsterdam back
New amsterdam wasn’t colonised by the voc. the wic dit
Also New Holland was the original name of Australia before they gave it to England
Thats due to the wic west india company. They had the coast of Brazil, suriname and some Caribbean islands. See it as apple and google
Jack 793 Chips yes
The word "Stock" is from the Dutch word Stok. It means a stick, and the stick was part of a ship that you were able to buy/invest at the Stock Market. Great returns, sometimes 4000%
Stock ist German and means stick It comes from Indo germanic tribes
Just because the Germans make their language more difficult shouldn't mean they're better than us.
@@paulstg6027 German ? No.
Dutch, as in from the Netherlands. Try to keep up man.
@@dutch24 Oh god.
German is from Germany
Dutch is from the Netherlands
Stock is stok from the VOC
@@ArubaSailing I wasn't responding to you, there atleast.
Vochtig kan niet worden gespeld zonder V O C
Goeie
Ok
Hoe gaan dit
nat
Willem de zwijger
They who controls the spice, controls the universe
Fear is the mind killer
This is the lie about European companies which travel to India for spice, opium and slaves was the 90% of business this companies was just drug empires nothing more until today drugs are most profitable business.
Change "spice" to "oil" for more relevance
That's explains why they came to East Indies 🤔
Who controls the past, control the future
New Zeeland, New Holland... My God were we Dutch creative!
1630 New Holland or Brazilie Nederlands
ook dieven
Nee York was called New Amsterdam 😂😂
New Amsterdam = new York
New Orleans, New Hampshire, New York... we weren't the only ones :P
I hear the Dutch East Indies Company have the profit ten times more than that of Apple, effectively making them the wealthiest company in the history of mankind.
yes if you calculate for inflation it was the biggest company in history.
You have good ears.
@@oev67 what if you take piracy into account? That's frowned upon in the West these days..
The Netherlands are a company, registered at the Chamber of Commerce. They are now (but weren't then) a bigger company than the VOC ever was. The same goes for the UK and the US.
@@TheJenniferKK I think he is referring to the first stock market crash where the VOC were momentarily bigger than the 3 biggest companies today combined. Speculating on tulips was the reason for that crash if I'm correct.
As an indo i would like to thank you dutch lads for stroopwafels. I love that shit
Np. We got good foods in return 🥰
@@TheSuperhoden Aww...
You’re welcome mate
You gave us some amazing Indo food as well, tho! Love it!
@@talia2167 Aww thank you so much
Our golden age is a great example that we didn’t care about having a great empire, but the desire of business above all else
There are a few things incorrect about this video:
1. The VOC was never the main contributer to the Dutch economy. Non-European trade (which included the spice, slave and fur trade) might at most have only made up 10% of the Dutch economy. Most of our economy came from a trade system called the "Moedernegotie" (roughly translated as "Mother of all trade"), which was a trade connection between the Dutch Republic and the Hansaetic League and other traders around the Baltic Sea. The Netherlands was able to import raw materials and basic foodstuff from the Baltic area which allowed Dutch cities and farmers to focus on products which could sell for a lot of profit overseas, like linen, ceramics and cheese.
2. The Netherlands wasn't a backwater in this period, and already consisted of a lot of merchant cities. The problem was that most of the rural areas in Holland, Zeeland and Friesland were swampy which didn't allow for a large agricultural output. After they implemented the water reclaimation system (which wasn't financed by the VOC only but probably different sources) Dutch agricultural output exploded.
3. The biggest contributer to the VOC's failure was the implementation of protectionism by most seafaring powers. Because the naval powers were able to consolidate their colonies they put up tariff walls which effectively blocked the Dutch and Hansaetic Germans from operating inside colonial nations. Because of this the VOC lost several important markets while their sheer size didn't allow them to operate in just Germany and Scandinavia.
+Nick dB
In my Indonesian history book say that VOC greatest downfall was that the company was due corruption, lack of quality worker, and ultimately unable to pay debt that's why The Dutch government takeover VOC
Hosea Davit that’s not true, sounds like propaganda
Excellent points, Nick.
@@plopkoekmovies5566
How's that suppose to be propaganda? I was hoping some accuracy if it's true or not
@ Hosea : your history book is basically correct.
G E K O L O N I S E E R D
Geopwillemt
M E R D E K A , B O E N G !!!
Jerome Bouramia een hele goede avond
Hey makker!
S P E C E R I J E N
Important note, a very big economical part of the Dutch was the trade on the East sea, the one under Scandinavia. Grain was still an important good.
Also, Another factor that contributed to the downfall of the VOC was that the monopoly and economic importance of spices such as nutmeg and the lot, that costed a ton of investment and effort, turned to dust in a few decades when cotton and sugar became the new valuable good.
The colonies in most of asia lost a ton of their value because of that.
It is important to note that the VOC wasn't the most important moneymaker in the Dutch economy at the time. Real money was made by getting wheat from countries around the Baltic Sea. They then distributed this and made money on the price difference between eastern and western Europe. They did this on such a large scale that barely any wheat had to be produced in the Netherlands. This freed up the workforce, which made specialisation possible (like production of ships, cheese, name it).
Correct, in Holland proper no cultivation of wheat was possible anymore since around the 14th century, so the Dutch had little choice to capture the Baltic trade forcefully, otherwise at a bad time (harvest failure everywhere) they would starve.
Brits: the Brits rule the waves, no one can beat us in trade of warfare on sea
The Dutch: hold my beer
I believe the Dutch kicked your ass twice! Check the Medway raid for example. F.. brilliant
@@bartgielingh2212 you must not understand what I said
I said that the Dutch were better at both since that was the hold my beer meme...
Also I am Dutch myself and damn proud of me country and its accomplishments
@@blacktemplar9499 and I love what you said bro.
@@blacktemplar9499 Maar je zegt "nobody can beat us". Daarmee geef je aan dat je een Brit bent.
Dutchies: look at out football player! Koeman, gullit, van basten, nistelrooy, robben, van persie...
KNVB: give me beer! (Drink beer and didn't qualify euro and world cup)
4:34 on the right...
Are my eyes decieving me..
OOOH SICK DUDE, why nobody else seeing this
Anime in Netherlands.
@@1qstudios ik weiger om te geloven wat ik zie
G.o. 1330 een Neko
English:
No it's a trap.
Nederlands:
Nee het is een val.
Love the animation style as always, with a parallax effects and everything. Keep up the great work, loved the video :)
The Netherlands is one of the countries I want to visit the most! Wonderful people and culture... and I really want to attempt to learn Dutch as well.
Learn sth useful instead!
This comment makes me proud. I hope you can visit our great country soon :-) With love from the Netherlands
90% of the dutch speak english verry well, you do not have to learn the language:)
@@slueccroll4661 if he wants to live in the netherlands he should learn dutch
idk where you are from, but I will trade with. I live in The Hague enjoy your stay.
Netherland:trade with us
Country in asia: i would rather not
Netherlands: so you have chosen
*KOLONISATIE*
VΘC: G E K O L O N I S E E R D
VOC: M E E R S L A V E N😍
The Dutch were the only ones allowed to trade with Japan. So not all Asian countries chose the dark side.
Not like that, Asia used to trade with VOC..but then VOC betrayed Asia when they saw the weakness of the Asian military at that time.
Hee, de KOLONISATIE fans zijn er weer, afgestudeerd en wel met hun perfect getikte woorden.
Michiel de Ruyter was vast erg trots op jullie geweest.
Little fun fact, the Baltic sea trade by the dutch was more profitable than the VOC. The baltic sea trade is what made the dutch so rich. That being said, the VOC was still very impressive due to its sheer size and bussiness model.
Netherlands: Okay so we built an outpost to refresh supplies on our ambitious endevours around the world.
Britain: That's a nice outpost you have there. It would be a shame if... someone annexed it along with half a continent!
The British simply put the final nail in the coffin. When the Netherlands were at full strength, they beat England twice (Second and Third Anglo-Dutch wars). By the time the Fourth Anglo-Dutch war happened, the Dutch had only 20 ships of the line. The British even captured some ships without a real fight in the west-Indies, because the Dutch over there weren't even aware that a war had started.
So basicly stealing Dutch colonies at the time (late 18th century) was like stealing candy from a baby...
Im really happen for you Netherlands and im going to let you finish, But Portugal actually kicked the Netherlands ass after they recovered independence from Spain. The Dutch tried (and did some) steal Portuguese colonies. So dont cry. And Portugal by far had the biggest empire, and dominated the Asian trade before the Iberian Union.
@@gordusmaximus4990 The Portuguese rekt the Dutch in Brasil but other than that I don't think they achieved much. The salt amuses me, though.
I'm not Dutch (do have some Dutch blood) but I don't think we should be too mad about it. There probably isn't a single European country with an innocent history. They stole land from each other and stole it back the next day, so most of them were powerful at some point.
We put a dutch king on the English throne, you didn't put an English king on our throne, just saying
Spices:*exist*
Some random Dutch boi: *G E K O L O N I S E E R D*
*WILHELMUS INTENSIFIES*
Netherlandsnistani
To the King of Spain you grant...A Life Long Loyalty!
G E K O L O N I S E E R D
@@feedthedodo ik snap deze meme niet
4:32 there is an anime person to the right.
That's not a girl, it's a trap.
Must be a new viewer
"girl"
poochyenarulez another victim...
edited from girl to person
There is a saying in Bahasa as it goes like this: Bagai Belanda minta tanah.
Translation:It's as if the Dutch asking for land.
It is usually applied to anyone who ask for something and they want more and when you gave them more they want everything. That is the story of the Dutch East Indies aka Indonesia in a nutshell.
Also the Dutch didn't lose the spice trade . The VOC did. But the Dutch took full control of Indonesia after the fall of VOC and started expanding into the region as the Portuguese, British and Spanish was trying to gain control the Nusantara region after the VOC fell.
as an indonesian, i never heard those saying before. but its good to know nonetheless
Im half dutch half indonesian so im kinda in the middle here
I like how the Netherlands was just some backwater swamp before the VOC. Yet in the hundreds of years before that it had been one of the most densely populated areas and one of the richer areas in Europe. It just wasn't independent.
Where i live in The Netherlands, it was nothing but a huge swamp! It took a long time for them to convert the land into usable soil for farming
You are correct (I'm assuming you live in Holland), but that happened a couple of hundred years before the time this video speaks of. I'd say Holland began prospering at around 900 AD. But even before that it was already pretty densely populated when we were a part of Francia and Lotharingia.
Edit: Just to be clear, around that time (900 AD) the area now known as Holland was a part of Frisia and was referred to as West-Frisia.
The rich part of the Netherlands back then is what would be Belgium and parts of Brabant today.
Sure, Netherlands rise to the top came with the rich Flemish merchants who had fled Flanders after the siege of Antwerp. But Holland, and more importantly the eastern cities like Zwolle and Deventer were doing alright before that. After the siege of Antwerp importance in the Netherlands changed to the west. Anyway, the point was... it wasn't a backwater swamp as this video makes it out to be.
I guess it depends what you compare it with. Sure, there were highly civilized cities. But between those few cities there were poor farmers living in a swamp.
Edit: compared to the great powers like Great Britain, France, Spain/ Austria/Habsburgs, is what I mean. People barely knew about the north low countries, it's relevence was ignorable. They were just one of the hundreds of the HRE provinces, and not one of the richer ones.
4:32 little did people know the main export of the VOC was japanese Waifus....
Thats a dude
And?
Funny enough the The Netherland was the only nation that is allowed to trade with the Japanese during the Tokugawa period
@Kim Boom Joong
I never stated who's first
@Kim Boom Joong
Look at 4:32 and see if the joke still flew over your head
A might and tiny country. Brilliant people. I love The Netherlands. With Love an American woman from Miami 🥰
Netherlands really wasn't a swampy backwater in 1500. It was one of the 4 most dominant economic regions en Europe.
Yes
It was in 1300, when it only counted 2000 inhabitants. Only the money injection by Belgian and French wealthy Protestants (fleeing for the brutal genocide of non Catholics by my own direct ancestors (Delafontaine < de Fuentes, u see?) made the Golden Age in The Netherlands possible.
@@bernarddelafontaine6747 En het zootje dat achter bleef heeft er niet veel van gebakken ;)
It was in 1300: A'dam had 2000 inh. and ... City Rights. The Belgian Protestants fleeing for the Spanish financed. Holland's glory days.
@@bernarddelafontaine6747
Holland's glory is among others a result of the influx of refugees, but it was already becoming dominant before Dutch independence with large scaled trade networks with the Baltic Sea area. Cities like Amsterdam were already growing in populations up to 30.000 inhabitants and Holland became the mightiest entity in/north of the river delta.
Besides, the influx was still reasonably internal in nature. The duchies/counties of Holland, Flanders and Brabant were all part of the Low Countries, all joined the Pacification of Ghent, all joined the Union of Utrecht and all signed the declaration of independence (Plakkaat van Verlatinghe). The war and loss of the southern regions resulted in a translocation of the centre of importance to the north and a north-south separation on the long term, but they were all still part of the greater whole that was the Netherlands.
There is a new good movie about Dutch warfare during this era. Its called Admiral /Michiel de Ruyter
Er is nog een film waarbij ze een handelsroute gingen vinden, hij heet: Nova Zembla
Love that you start with Rotterdam and The Hague instead of the usual Amsterdam views.
Liever onethisch dan oneetbaar.
'‘t Is het leven van de straat, althans de Straat van Malakka
Ik had een eetbui, nu zijn we alle nootmuskaat kwijt
Liever stoned dan nuchter dit zien 😂
Mensen?
Great Video, but the first Dutchman to visit northern Australia was Willem Janszoon in 1606. However Abel Tasman was the first European to get to Van Diemens Land (now Tasmania) and New Zealand in 1642.
Is That why australia was called the "new holland"??
Yes, that's why part of Australia originally called New Holland. To get to the East Indies, ships took a southern route to use the strong winds. Then they turned north to get to the Dutch colonies. But many ships went too far before turning north and hit western Australia, so the Dutch acquired a good knowledge of that coast. They also sent out explorers to chart the northern and southern coasts of Australia, so they had charts of most of Australia except for the east and south east. Of course those are the most fertile parts of Australia, but the Dutch never knew about them (except for Tasmania).
And Australia has no spice, so the Dutch end up having colonies in east india (Indonesia), not in Australia right?
That's right, the Dutch only found desert or areas with poor soil in Australia. They didn't find the good land, so they had no reason to settle in Australia. They were also competing with Britain and Portugal in the area so they didn't have spare resources to set up a new colony.
The Maori were the first to discover and settle New Zealand. Abel was the first European.
I'm Indonesian. That's part of our history. I saw many canals in Amsterdam that were used to transport the arrival of spices from the Dutch East Indies at that time. I also saw the port of departure of VOC ships to the Dutch East Indies. They named it the port of wife's tears.
The port of wife's tears? Or do you mean the tower in Amsterdam were wife's were crying?
"1 in 10 never came back"
...so a 90% success rate, seems pretty good
with 2/3 of the crew dead. hmmm
robsel NunYa Crew can be more easily replaced.
@@1fadf23f Pfft. Crew can be replaced, hit the local tavern and holler which drunken lout wants to sail the seas and plunder the riches from other nations :D
Al Smith only the first time, after that they almost didn’t lose a ship or a lot of man
@@thierrybaudet9022 Hoi Thierry! ook leuk jou hier te zien !!
There is no "indonesia" back then, there is many separate kingdoms fighting each other
Kind of like China's dynasties not much of a country just a bunch of state sized powers fighting
Or Ancient Greece, being effectively a bunch of city states
@@DarkLordSauron100 that's why they called it "ancient" where there is many city state, "modern" greece and the ancient one its a different thing.
Naufal Farris It was for the sake of simplification
@@sevenhenson3926
Ever heard Majapahit they defeated the Chinese
The Dutch still rule the world: they have the best weed so far.
Ismayil Arifoglu tbh america kinda one upped us
Youre not much if youre not Dutch.
😂
Arofoglu do you even know what you’re talking about?
I mean, besides the extremely large economy and being one of the biggest exporters of europe and the world, yeah, it's mostly the weed lol
I am 1,5 minutes in and have to conclude that this video is not correct on multiple levels.
Statement 1: 16th century the netherlands was not doing well. Incorrect, the netherlands were one of the wealthiest, most urbanised area’s of europe since the 1100’s. They dominated the baltic sea trade after defeating the hanseatic league in the 15th century.
Statement 2: The main goods they shipped were spices. Incorrect, the main goods they shipped were grain and wood from the baltic region. They called this the “moeder negotie” wis can be translated to the mother of all trades.
This. It's quite sad how most of the people (including the Dutch on some occasions) don't know about the importance of the Baltic trade. I mean, just look at various buildings in Gdańsk and their Dutch creators, and how the Dutch felt home there, with Dutch being the most spoken language in the city in 17 century (of course, the local Low German was extremally close to the Dutch, too)
About the first point, though, didn't the center of the urbanization and wealth lie south of the Netherlands, notably in Flanders before the 80 years war? I've always thought that the Republic had only surpassed Antwerpen and the rest of Flanders later on, no?
Vitalis I did not know that about Danzig, very interesting indeed!
About your second point: you are very right. The current north of belgium had more and bigger cities in the late middle ages than the netherlands did. Although the netherlands still had a lot of (smaller) cities. If i recall correctly it is estimated that around 30% of the population of the netherlands lived in urban areas. Which is a huge percentage when you compare it to the rest of europe at that time.
@@Vitalis94 As a Lithuanian -American I have tried to look at greater depth into the Dutch presence in the Baltic. I understand the grain trade the Dutch ran, out of areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, was a great, if not primary source of Dutch wealth. I thought I saw someplace that the payment mechanism known as the "Letter of Credit" was developed by the Dutch during this Baltic grain trade period. As a lover of sailboats, I look with great interest at the traditional sailing fishing boats ("Kurenai") found in the Curonian Lagoon area of Lithuania. Their flat bottoms, sprit sails and leeboards sure look Dutch to me. Maybe somebody could do a nice video, on the Dutch-Baltic trade.
Where do you learn stuff like this? I am Dutch and have never even learned or heard about the moedernegotie, or how dense and wealthy Holland was before the start of the republic.
I am really curious to our real history. And not just UA-cam videos explaining the VOC again.
@@Partyaap050 belangrijkse is dat je de geschiedenis die op school gegeven word met een korrel zout neemt, linkse stemmings makerij
@4.36 look on the right. I don't think that's supposed to be there
Good eye
looks like an anime char
vieze anime
no, the dutch have hunted anime to extinction in the 17th century causing the only habitat of the anime to only be in japan
I think that's not the first time that char appeared in this channel
Watching this video brings back memories of my history lessons. VOC is a very familiar term to our ears. I am Indonesian by the way.
Oh, oh no.
How bad is it?
@@timori5290 pretty bad. Dutch colonization is pretty brutal. They use the manpower to fuel their industry and make money without improving the local life. Colonialism Is not good
Dear Business Casual, I asked for this video half a year ago. Thankyou so much for making it.
First marine force?
@@fgsaramago yes, it's The Dutch Marine Corps, also known as "Ship Soldiers", by the initiative of Johan de Witt.
Most known for "The Raid on the Medway 1667"
@@InspectHistory the Spanish is actually the first. Then the Portuguese and British are also older than the Dutch Marine corps....
So by first you actually mean 4th. I didn't know Dutch education also partaked in the American tradition of teaching propagandized history
@@fgsaramago wow U got me bro, Infantería de Armada from Charles V? Thanks dude .. btw about Portugal is that true?
@@InspectHistory the "Fuzileiros Navais Portugueses", originally named "Terço da Armada da Coroa de Portugal" were created in 1618, and they existed without an official capacity since 1585
Another reason for the rise of the dutch economy is that a lot of people from the southern Netherlands (now the Flanders part of Belgium) Fled to the northern part because of the Spanish invasion. A lot capital from the rich merchant cities of Bruges and Ghent came to Holland this way and that a big part in how they were able to fund the big exploration missions and set up the VOC. Also the Netherlands were able to get independent by giving up their claim to the southern part of their teritory (now the northern part of Belgium). That's why half of Belgium speaks dutch. The current border between The Netherlands and Belgium is more or less the armistice line of the Spanish-Dutch war.
For a small part. The problem in Antwerpen was that the waters to the Port became swallow and big ships could no longer reach the port. Antwerpen was the biggest Port before, but Rotterdam and Amsterdam (partly) took over.
Because of this video i realised jakarta is the capital of dutch colonization not just in indonesia buat a part of asia as well. Thanks for uploading this! I hope you have more of these!
I feel special now because you mentioned Cape Town.
💙
Kaapstad
Kaap de goede hoop
zuid zuid nederland
Everyone knows about Kaap de Goede Hoop in the NL
Make the Netherlands great again!
Its already great than ever. Its the real land of the free. As jim said where else you can smoke weed and fuck a hooker in front of a cop? Certainly not in the so called free world of united states.
@@miraxell You think that's a good thing? The Netherlands is way too progressive.
By what?
@Chadwicked B yes in some parts. Find me a one meter square place where it is legal in the US.
@Chatwicked B ) Everywhere in the netherlands there are legal places of vice a greenish spice. Doing it in public is a different story.
Those many Dutch sailors who did not return to the Netherlands could very well have chosen to stay in beautiful Indonesia, great weather, and lovely women.
The Calvinists had a strong presence in the Netherlands, the Spanish wanted to eradicate Calvinism and stablish an inquisition tribunal, this was one of the main reasons for the 80 years war between Spain and the Netherlands, this guy doesn’t even mention this.
Yes, it's a very bad video.
This is Americans changing history since 1945.. But shure man. What ever rocks Disneyland
Haha! All they wanted was to keep an eye on the Brits and the French, fellow-colonisers.
@@bernarddelafontaine6747 No dude, the timing is no coincidence. There is a direct link between protestantism and the Spanish invasion.
@@TheJenniferKK yes, I knew all about the religious link, as my Basque ancestors were very enthusiastic Catholic genocide organizers (de la Fontaine = de la Fuentes, got it?). This religious reason was more fiction than fact, it was a smoke screen to hide the real reasons: money issues and military strategy. In fact, before the Spanish arrival there were more Protestants in what's now Belgium than in The later Netherlands.
The thing is, the main artery of the Dutch was the baltic trade. It had been before their independence, and it was after.
What this video fails to mention, is that Portugal open the maritime route to India and the south East Asia (After Da Gama first voyage in 1498), at the end of the XV century, ending an endeavor that started in 1415 when they gradually started mapping the west coast of Africa. After monopolizing trading routes and establish itself as the dominant maritime power in Asia, Portugal gets entangled in a succession crisis at the end of the XVI century, which culminates on its annexation by Spain in 1580, that fact jeopardize immensely Portuguese maritime trade, essentially because now Spain's enemies were Portugal's enemies, which led to Portuguese participation in the Spanish armada and in the Dutch independence wars. More important, the Lisbon port was closed off for Dutch and English ships, which at the end motivated the investment by those countries in the establishment of their own ships, trading companies and shipping routes for the South East Asia. During that time, Dutch conquered some of Portuguese Strongholds like Malacca. At the end of the Spanish domain in Portugal (1640), Portugal never again recovered its hegemony in South East Asia, being on the contrary, the less capable of the three European countries that sailed in Asian Waters (Portugal, Netherlands and England). However, their role in the discovery of Maritime routes, connecting continents and reaching Japan in 1543, was game-changer and of pivotal historical significance.
Such an underrated channel!. Awesome video, like always😃.
You skipped the Dutch takeover of england.
A footnote.
Never happened
Rick van Veluw How and when?
@@tb9087 1688 is the year my friend, the british dont want to talk about it
If it ain't Dutch, it ain't much! They invited the Dutch themselves.
The thing is though that the spice trade was merely the most well known profit, most of the actual profits, especially early on, came from the Scandinavian trade routes, were they gained enough money to actually pay for all those voyages done to Asia and were they also gained enough money to pay the Armies that were fighting the Spanish
This video proves an interesting discussion.
I had previously thought that the waterways and canals of the Netherlands were an innovation that pushed the Dutch towards being a powerful and efficient nation. In fact, the efficient use of capital/resources through the creation of the world's first public companies was the cause, and the end result was canals. Not the other way around.
Interesting video although it overstates the size and importance of the Dutch East India Company, and certainly its roll in developing capitalism (please do some reading about the Italian maritime republics, like Venezia, Genoa, Pisa and Amalfi..). It has also some inaccuracies like placing a crucial roll in the Spanish Empire economic and political power to the profits of their slave trade during the XVI century. During those years slave trading into the Spanish colonies was marginal to say the most, and ran mostly by the Portuguese, who had virtual monopoly on it until 1580. The roll of the Spanish Empire in the human traffic was mostly from the purchasing side, more than the side of the capturing, slaving, transporting and selling slaves side.
In Indonesia, we called it "Kompeni"
You forgot about about the Dutch West Indian Company which owned nowadays Surinam and some islands in the carribean and south america and also built nowadays New York (we named it New Amsterdam) and Brooklyn (we named it Breukelen) and also owned a part of Brazil for a couple of years
The first Mayor of NA was a Belgian, Peter Minuit.
The actual main source of profit before going to the east themselves was the baltic wheat trade, not the spice trade.
I am from Indonesia. During the VOC colonial era, the Indonesian people were devastated, especially in Sulawesi. Slaughter every day for women and children every day. Those who are rich We are poor
The painting in the beginning of the video is actually a representation of 16th century Lisbon and not the Netherlands
Exactly. And the map puts Portugal and all its colonies as part of Spain. So ignorant of whoever did this. Portugal had the first global empire! Shame on whoever didn't study History.
@@hugofernandes4778 Jealous?
@@ChillMasterC of you? HAHA never. 😉
@@hugofernandes4778 essa parte está certa
Tanto portugal como a Holanda estavam unidas pelo rei de Espanha
Portugal continuava a existir mas era governado pelo rei de espanha
Se tu vires Portugal está a violeta e não a roxo
This is to show the link between Portugal and Holland. Don't forget plenty of Dutch ships entered the port of Lisboa...Listen to what is being said please.
Whatever the Dutch were in the past today I find them very kind. They might be direct (which is like way too exaggerated by expats) but for me living in the Netherlands has been a 'gezellig' experience.
Niet dollen met de Hollanders! Groeten uit Rotterdam, Holland ;)
Jammer dat je de andere 10 provincies vergeet. Ben trots op de gebieden waar de grote eiken voor het hout van de schepen vandaan kwamen. Groetjes uit Overijssel!
And just when I thought business history was boring ,along comes this site. Great work, I'm a subscriber.The best revelation so far: The World of capitalism has had( and still has )incredible influence and power, with quite a few colorful characters.
First person to defeat VOC was Travancore King Marthanda Verma who finished them in India. You forgot to mention. VOC lost in Battle of Colachel in 1741.
One saillant detail is that a century before the 4th Anglo-Dutch war, the dutch stadhouder became king of Britain. The sad thing (for the Netherlands) is that with him went the biggest financial institutions, from Amsterdam to London. That was a big factor in the gradual decline of the Dutch, and the ascendancy of the Brits. London is still the financial capital of the world, though not for long.
I guess the Dutch are too good at exporting their expertise...
the voc also was the first mutlinational, the voc was the first "stock exhange" everybody could buy stocks and got dividend
East India Company seems to be the first global company in history. I just thought of it since there is much talk about global companies today. Perhaps will these have their own armies too one day.
Jan Pietersz. Coen heeft niets verkeerds gedaan.
Was inderdaad een briljant man, zonder J.P. Coen hadden de VoC en zijn opvolgers het niet tot 1950 volgehouden.
Ik ben de Vliegende Hollander, de Gouden Eeuwse Transavia
Dus die duizenden mensen die hij heeft vermoord hebben gwn nooit bestaan?
Finn Wolthuis who cares, grootsheid is nooit bereikt met aardigheid. Behalve Gandhi op een of andere manier.
@@SonKunSama maar om te zeggen dat hij NIETS verkeerd heeft gedaan gaat wel erg ver
Absolutely love it, keep up the amazing videos!
I'm proud that my country dominated the world.
My ancestors had shares in the voc. My family hasn't worked in 400 years.
I suppose you re the one to pay repair money to those so called slave descendants.
🤣
Massive oversimplification. The VOC wasn't the only profitable enterprise in the Netherlands. And the land reclamation projects weren't purely funded by profits made by the VOC. Also the VOC took some time to make its first profit, requiring more money from investors first.
The Dutch East India Company had a prosperous and profitable trading post in Cambodia in the 1630s and early 1640s near Chaktomuk (present-day Phnom Penh). However King Ramathipothei usurped the throne and defeated the Dutch in the Cambodian-Dutch War.
In essence the baltic trade was for citizens of the Netherlands more important compared to the spice trade. But you do not hear that often on the web because it is not that exotic.
Baltic trade is more important? Why?
@@htoodoh5770 Because it was more important for the Europeans to get their belly full with food than to put nutmeg on it. Far more ships, far more trade, and don't forget the North Sea and the Mediterranean.
@@htoodoh5770 Grain for example.
these historical videos is very entertaining and informative
Watching this while kicking ass with the Dutch Empire in Civ 6. 😎 Great vid!
Orit_91 You mean Slaughter-ing / Robber-ing Empire.. yep now agreed!!
@@johnblinks1472 haha , u indian ?
Top notch editing with that depth of field effect!
The best & beautiful country in the world. Well controlled and much protected environment ..
Great video but it only focuses on the VOC. The Dutch also had the WIC which was the West Indian Company. Their focus was the Atlantic and Carabien region. Warfare, trade, conquer and colonization was there task, pretty much similar to the VOC.
6:28 i love how the VOC created Flevoland :')
it did not haha flevoland is 50 years old or so
Ow Jezus wat een gezeik ook weer its a joke nerd
@@altagraciavillaroch2206 r/woesh
Very informative video, although there are some notable mistakes here and there...
First of all, it claims that the Dutch lost their international status as a global power after 1795... They would actually hold onto this untill the second world war. Indonesia and many of the other colonies were held onto untill the Japanese "liberated" Indonesia. After this, the Dutch gave up most of their colonies and integrating those that are left into its country. (Curacao, Bonaire, etc.)
Also the Dutch did not initially technically occupy Indonesia, as the rulers at the time were Muslim warlords and the Indonesian population was looking for outside help for a civil war to kick them out. The Dutch fought this war for them and as such, gained exclusive trade rights with the Indonesians. The VoC only gradually over the years integrated the islands by building more and more and eventually claiming the lands for themselves.
The same goes for other territories, the Dutch generally weren't too keen on the Spanish/British way of colonising by simply invading, and tended to just gradually take over by diplomatic and sometimes military means. That's not to say that this was always fair though. New York or "New Amsterdam" was "bought" from the natives, according to the legend by folding up a large sail and asking for land the size of the sail, to which the native Americans agreed, only to find the Dutch claiming a large swathe of land, claiming that they meant the size of the sail unfolded, not folded as they had presented it.
"enfore slavery" is also a bit of a strange choice of terms, they were generally not allowed to just enslave people, but they were allowed to buy slaves. But you could say that this is just semantics.
Besides mistakes, I think another important thing to note that would have been an important addition to this video is that the Dutch 80 years' war of independance started from a religious ground as the local noble, later the first king of the Netherlands gave amnesty to Martin Luther, whilst the Spanish king saw itself as the protector of the Catholic church, hence persecuting Protestants. The Netherlands declared it's independance to protect it's Protestant population, thus taking in vast amounts of French, German and other refugees which fueled it's economy during the period when seatrade was impossible. This is also the reason why they were allied to the British and Swedish, as the Swedish were Protestant aswell and England wanted to bring down the Spanish.
In a way you can say that the Netherlands have a similar foundation as the USA because the US declared indepandance against the British to attain freedom from taxation, and the Dutch declared their independance against the Spanish to attain freedom of Religion. The Netherlands was one of the first countries to both have freedom of religion and one of the first to abolish slavery, long before the Americans did.
The Dutch abolished slavery in 1863. During the American civil war. Portugal was the only country that was later with abolishing it in Europe. And to claim religious freedom for all is a lie, it was more like religious acceptance. Catholics have always been left out of Dutch politics until 1850-ish
@@freekmulder3662 to say that the Dutch didn't have freedom of religion but "acceptance" is discarding two major facts: the Dutch were *persecuted and convicted* for being protestant. The Dutch fought for their right to believe in what they choose. They didn't force their population to convert to protestantism like countries around them did for catholicism. Secondly, without even mentioning "verzuiling", the country was fighting for it's independence against a greater, catholic nation. There were already plenty of catholic villages and soldiers defecting to the other side. You can't ask of a nation in that kind of situation to involve catholic parties into it's political system. The USA didn't allow everyone to vote untill quite late either, but we don't say that the US fought for "acceptance" of freedom. The US fought for freedom. Period.
@@Bacontruffle I know the Dutch were actively prosecuted for heresy, but the overwhelming majority of the Dutch were still Catholic. When the Dutch won the independence war the protestants almost gave no Catholic representation in the government for over 200 years. Catholics weren't allowed to have churches beside 'schuilkerken'. Catholic majority provinces weren't even allowed into the Dutch nation. Brabant, Limburg, Zeeuws-Vlaanderen en Drenthe had 0 representation.
Just because a nation doesn't prosecute or tries to convert others doesn't mean it has religious tolerance.
PS: this is coming from a Dutch protestant so no political agenda involves
first of all, sorry for not getting to respond untill now, been quite busy on my end in real life.
The war of independance was *specifically not* about converting the population to Protestantism. It was for the ability to practice whatever beliefs you have. (especially, protestantism) So your claim is that the "Dutch almost gave no Catholic representation in the government" untill AT LEAST 1948? A quick google search easily refutes this claim. For example, the RKVP was founded in 1922 and attained some power in the Second Chamber, even being able to influence the government into making certain decisions, despite being a recent arrival.
The problem is, that although Catholic political parties were allowed in Parliament, they were never popular. Maybe that will change, but let's not forget how long it took for the USA to have their first black president, and how they still don't have a female president either. These things take. time.
The representation you're talking about of Brabant, Limburg and Zeeuws-Vlaanderen were parts of the country during the 80 years war that were taken by the Spanish at the time when the government started stabilising and forming clear rules. At that time, it was both practically impossible to get representation since they were under Spanish rule, and these provinces had decided to back the Spanish side and effectively fight against the Netherlands. It's not exactly morally right but it's kind of understandable. How do you treat a part of the country that would rather be under enemy rule, but desperately need to survive? I certainly have no answer to that question.
Yes, in the early beginnings after the independance war (note, in this period of time the Dutch still had to fight off Catholic nations trying to wipe them off the face of the map, this didn't just end after the 80 years' war) but people were already openly allowed to create and attend Catholic churches in 1678, a mere 30 years after the 80 years war, and in 1798 *ALL* religions were *formally* concidered *equal* , with *equal* *rights* .
I would concider at least this last fact "religious tolerance".
Although I agree with some of your sentiments, I very much think that my initial statement still stands.
it undermined the entire narrative because the entire narrative was mostly false.
Here the Frenchies can also see that we used this flag+colours since 15 century. so yeah. To end that discussion. We were first. You changed flag after ur revolution.
If only Napoleon didn't try to push past the Rhine and the Pyreenes you wouldn't have be there to pester us about it...
We had our first use of the flag design in 1409-1410, and adopted it as our national flag in 1572. Which was earlier then France who first used their flag in 1794 as a naval ensign and adopted it as their national flag in 1830. You can clearly see which nation used it earlier.
And if you want to claim that we used the orange color before red, we had red before switching to orange in 1596 before switching back to red in 1937. So we still used the current design before France did.
I dont think they ever slaughtered the population of Jakarta, and the spice trade was just a small part of the economy. A large amount of trade came from scandinavia
De moedernegotie, jawel!
oh we hebben daar massa's foute dingen gedaan, maar we hebben het oude Jakarta verbrand en de bevolking verdreven, niet uitgemoord. Dat "voorrecht " viel andere plekken wel ten deel
er wedden wel best veel vermoord lol
ja maar het is hetzelfde als zeggen dat de duitsers iedereen in amsterdam hebben afgeslacht in de tweede wereldoorlog tis nogal een verschil
@@robvoncken2565 klopt.
I rembered having to memorise the VOC in dutch(With writing) in my history lesson
It was not easy
VOC=Vande Oyudhurupham Chennai
Vito...I can imagine that was extreme hard. Maybe even for Dutch people today. Salam dari Negeri Belanda.
The VOC was a megacorporation as we see today in some dystopian sci-fi movies. With the right to have its own army, laws, and justice system, the right to wage war, and emit its own currency, the VOC was pretty much a state within the state. The current evaluation of the VOC at its height is about 7 trillion dollars, making it possibly the most valuable company in history.
Lovely video. And ...trading with countries around the Baltic Sea earned the Dutch even more money than the VOC did. And when the Spanish concurred the regions that are now called Belgium, much trade from these rich provinces moved up north, further improving the profits in the provinces that now belong to the Netherlands.
* conquered, when the Spanish conquered... concur means to agree or happen at the same time...
A lot of money and trade for the Netherlands. I applaud him for that pragmatism. But little reinvestment in the people of the Americas, Asia and Africa. The only university in the Dutch empire is in Indonesia 1946 (300 years after arriving there, and 2 years before independence). Result: the Dutchman has no space outside the Netherlands (or very little). Spain did not make as much money because 70% of the empire's wealth was reinvested in America and the Philippines and even in Italy, 80% in the 18th century (40 universities, 30 colleges, 2,300 stone cities, 900 large hospitals, 140 cathedrals, thousands of nursery schools, highways, ports, 300 fortresses...) Spanish is the second mother tongue after Chinese (490 million mother tongue speakers of Spanish. More than 560 million in total. 800 million Catholics). The Netherlands has left a very small legacy in the world. Who says that Spain cannot be as rich as the Netherlands in 30 or 100 years, but with this global legacy?
Proud to be Dutch! :)
cocosnooten zijn geen specerijen
Zeg makker...
zeg makker
zeg makker
G E K O L O N I S E E R D
Spice is just a filler word to generalize produce cus like opium isnt a spice either but doesnt keep it from being labeld that way
I love how we assume anything has changed^^ it’s the same institutions/families in charge today with a different name.
The main thing people should take from this is that all empires rise high but some fall very hard Netherlands, England, Rome and there will be more to come in the future.
7:33 "Annexed Maastricht"
when the city you live in gets mentioned in a youtube video o m g
Zeg hallo, mede limburger
There was a battle between the Dutch east India company and a local ruler Marthanda Verma, in which they lost, which led to removal of Dutch rule in India
Bravo for the graphics, that must have taken a lot of work to cut everything out and put it in a perspective.
Unfortunately the placement of some graphics, and some graphics themselves, were historically incorrect. EG a view of Amsterdam around 1600 to illustrate a historical point, could not have existed at that time. And the ridiculous illustration that the VOC profits funded reclamation of Flevoland, and other historical inaccuracies mentioned in Comments.
I learned more in this 8 minute video than my history class
I feel that they’ve always had and still have their hand in ruling the world economically they didn’t peak and disappeared after the Tulip Wars. The conglomerate based in the Netherlands Unilever is quite a dominate owner of many name brands globally used, which doesn’t do anything to garner any negative comments by any of their products. Allowing them to stay under the radar if they are. But I not basing this on any research or real information, however just about every product I pick up and use surprisingly has their name attached to it. Huh, who knew? Hmmm, their partnership with the British could be an obstacle with brexit being completed.
Most of the history of Frisia I know is the history I've learnt from Baldrs Draumar their music and even more of a friend of the band that's a friend of mine who can tell alot of stories he's heard from the drummer. He says he can talk for hours on end about the history of Frisia. Nice to hear a song of them in this video.
They ruled my country for a very long time!
🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩
I know
We dit it with pleasure
At least they leave some knowledge to us
another fantastic video.
I want more movies or series taking place in that time period, a lot of amazing and terrible things happened back then.
So many lies...
Yeah, we are very good at coming up with names... we also had the New Netherlands (modern day north-east US) and New Amsterdam (modern day New York).
Well, he did had a plan. Good job, Dutch!
Arthur should stop with all that.. DouBtInG
1630 New Holland , Dutch Brazil
Galle, my home city. Dutch built a famous fort there. Used it as a main safe house and port for enroute.
I've been there in 1992. Amazing to see an old Dutch city in Sri Lanka, Asia. B.T.W., your country (Ceylon) is BEAUTIFUL, as are your fellow countrymen (and women).