You are absolutely correct! I have removed this part of the video, and the correction will make its way into the second edition of the book (currently in progress!). Thank you so much
Great video on a tough topic. I think all med students get traumatized a bit during the basal ganglia lectures in Neuro, and we'd all have benefited from this long ago. It's hard to balance over-generalization and overwhelming with detail, and I think you hit a nice balance. Note: Audio was great on this one
@@MemorablePsych Oh, hey, I came back to this video today and realized there may be a minor error in the structures highlighted around 5:24 -- Caudate vs Putamen. I think the figure is correct, but the yellow vs blue circles are swapped.
This is amazing work.. I love your videos, they help so much and I wish I had this one earlier! Will recommend to my first year friends for sure! I can't believe I have never heard about thinking about it like math.... I would always spend so long trying to figure out the result of a chain of excitatory and inhibitory pathways haha
Love your clear explanations! I am just confused about the caudate nucleus and putamen part. Seems to me the labelling is mixed up. Still, thank you for making such a great content and saving us from neurology block!!
Love the video! I just have one question. When talking about the direct/indirect pathways you said internal globus pallidus was involved in increasing excitatory thalamic input to cortex. But then you said to remember it by internal = inhibitory, and external = excitatory. I'm confused!
At 3:14 you notice that the Internal GP is involved in BOTH pathways. The External is ONLY involved in the INdirect, inhibitory. But this is where his rules of multiplying negative integers come in, and you get the reversals (4:50?) Here's why: if you give an Excitatory transmitter to an inhibiting center, you HELP it to inhibit, right? If you give an Inhibitory transmitter to exciting center, you prevent it from exciting the system, which is the same as inhibiting it. so the STN is the key, since it Excites the Inhibitor (GPe), causing an ultimately inhibitory response (down-regulating the petting). (6:36) One way to think about it is to correlate it to something you already know, like parasympathetics vs sympathetics. The competitive synergism works similarly. Or think about a car: I can put my foot on the brakes, exciting the inhibitors, or on the brakes, exciting the excitors. And finally, here's a crude way to put it: you're bringing two friends to a Thalamus frat party, and they're twins. Debbie Downer and Coked-Out Carol. Carol is bringing her drug dealer boyfriend, STeveN. No mater what, Debbie can only bring things down. You can either Directly give Debbie a Xanax so she'll go to sleep and the party can rage on, OR you can wink at Carol to tell STeveN to give Debbie some cocaine, so she'll bring the whole party down with her boundless negative energy, which is an indirect process, and the party will most certainly not rage.
6:18 ???? But both secrete inhibitory signal. And GPi ultimately excites the motor signal.
You are absolutely correct! I have removed this part of the video, and the correction will make its way into the second edition of the book (currently in progress!). Thank you so much
Basal ganglia--voluntary motor movements
Diminish/Increase the movements
I am half through the video and I must say, thank you. Excellent explanation.
Great video on a tough topic. I think all med students get traumatized a bit during the basal ganglia lectures in Neuro, and we'd all have benefited from this long ago. It's hard to balance over-generalization and overwhelming with detail, and I think you hit a nice balance.
Note: Audio was great on this one
Awesome, thanks for the feedback! Glad you feel that the level of information was appropriate - it's definitely tough to strike that balance
@@MemorablePsych Oh, hey, I came back to this video today and realized there may be a minor error in the structures highlighted around 5:24 -- Caudate vs Putamen. I think the figure is correct, but the yellow vs blue circles are swapped.
@@Book_Bird Hi Taylor, you're absolutely right - my mistake! I'll make a comment in the description for the video. Good catch.
this is the best ever video i have watched about basal ganglia and its functions. thank you so much!!
Great video and a perfect level of detail to get a good picture of the function without getting too lost in specifics!
Thanks
Thank you Sir for the mnemonics, very helpful.
This is amazing work.. I love your videos, they help so much and I wish I had this one earlier! Will recommend to my first year friends for sure! I can't believe I have never heard about thinking about it like math.... I would always spend so long trying to figure out the result of a chain of excitatory and inhibitory pathways haha
Great explanation. Complex concept made simple. I am amazed by your teaching skills. ✌️
This video is so simple to follow. Thank you so much.❤
This is absolutely useful and easy to understand. Thank you!
Great work Sir! Thank you.
thank you so much! amazing video my dude!
thank you sir ! very much indeed
Excellent explanation
Great video, difficult topic cut into simple one
Love your clear explanations! I am just confused about the caudate nucleus and putamen part. Seems to me the labelling is mixed up. Still, thank you for making such a great content and saving us from neurology block!!
noticed this as well
I finally get it! Thank you so much!
Amazing work
Amazing lecture
Thanks great explanation
you mark caudate nucleus as putamen and putamen as caudate nucleus
i hope y correct the mistake somehow
Love the video! I just have one question. When talking about the direct/indirect pathways you said internal globus pallidus was involved in increasing excitatory thalamic input to cortex. But then you said to remember it by internal = inhibitory, and external = excitatory. I'm confused!
At 3:14 you notice that the Internal GP is involved in BOTH pathways. The External is ONLY involved in the INdirect, inhibitory. But this is where his rules of multiplying negative integers come in, and you get the reversals (4:50?)
Here's why: if you give an Excitatory transmitter to an inhibiting center, you HELP it to inhibit, right?
If you give an Inhibitory transmitter to exciting center, you prevent it from exciting the system, which is the same as inhibiting it.
so the STN is the key, since it Excites the Inhibitor (GPe), causing an ultimately inhibitory response (down-regulating the petting). (6:36)
One way to think about it is to correlate it to something you already know, like parasympathetics vs sympathetics. The competitive synergism works similarly.
Or think about a car: I can put my foot on the brakes, exciting the inhibitors, or on the brakes, exciting the excitors.
And finally, here's a crude way to put it: you're bringing two friends to a Thalamus frat party, and they're twins. Debbie Downer and Coked-Out Carol. Carol is bringing her drug dealer boyfriend, STeveN. No mater what, Debbie can only bring things down. You can either Directly give Debbie a Xanax so she'll go to sleep and the party can rage on, OR you can wink at Carol to tell STeveN to give Debbie some cocaine, so she'll bring the whole party down with her boundless negative energy, which is an indirect process, and the party will most certainly not rage.
5:27 I think the circle is misplaced for putamen and caudate
You're correct, thank you! I've added an errata list to the top of the video description.
Thankyou. It will help me a lot
excellent
Thank you
Loved it❤
More please
good video but the voice echo is annoying
What is SNr in GPi/ SNr......?
SN stands for substantia nigra, with the r indicating the pars reticulata. Sorry that wasn't clear!
omg so complicated 😢
Little confused with why the black line for Caudate at 5:34 did not match the yellow circle
6:18 . Im confused. Both secrete inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Hello I love you
The echo in the recording is so SO annoying.