Black Nitrogen - Periodic Table of Videos
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- Опубліковано 11 лип 2020
- Researchers discover a new form of Nitrogen.
More links and info in full description ↓↓↓
Discussed by Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff from the University of Nottingham.
Our thanks to Dr Dominique Laniel and his team, which did the research. Check the paper: journals.aps.org/prl/abstract...
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“What are your walls made out of”?
“Knowledge.”
Black nitrogen matters ! .. *I'll see myself out then ..*
No, the FOUNDATION is made of knowledge, the walls are made from the limits of imagination.
And SCIENCE! *Cackles*
@@davidb6576 probably meant the walls in his office
'Give me a fruitful error, bursting with the seeds of its own corrections than some dry and tasteless dogma.'
"Not an experiment you can do in your kitchen." Sounds like a challenge to me. I'll use the crushing weight of repeated failures to get the pressure, and use the fiery wrath of spite to supply the heat.
And the diesel eyes of disarray to supply the synchrotron X-rays
No do it in your garage! Lol
This week on Applied Science...
I hope you don't have a gas stove. Handling the crushing weight of repeated failure near such an obvious means of suicide goes against any and all rules of lab- and workplace safety!
I'll use my fathers crushing dissappointment in me to apply the pressure and my own wrath and fury to supply the heat. I need to release it somewhere, sounds like a perfect place.
they held it between two diamonds, squeezed it, and shot it with a death star, creating black nitrogen.
sweet.
I respect any material that has to be quickly analyzed before the apparatus that created it _melts_
The thought of him feeling nervous about a speech just makes him seem so much more likable. I have listened to him explain things over the years, and I never thought of him being nervous.
The technology used just to detect this stuff is mind boggling.
@@jackschitt1709 Yes, pretty disappointing now that our potential has exceeded our will but we still have a chance.
Synchrotrons and x-ray crystallography are both quite old technologies. If you could bring this paper back in time to the 50ies, a lot of scientists might understand it or at least the main principles, even if they don't get the technical details on how to perform the experiment in practice.
Certainly not cheap, either.
@@jackschitt1709 I don't think this is a bad thing, per se. The sum total of human knowledge at this point is so enormous that no individual person could ever grasp a full one percent of it, most knowledge has to therefore remain extremely specialised.
Knowledge is still free (or it should be). But the limiting factor quickly becomes not the hoarding of knowledge but the upload speed and/or storage capacity of the human brain. The ability to design these futuristic experiments just isn't valuable knowledge for most individual humans, even if it is certainly valuable for humankind as a whole. So let those with the knowledge and the ability run the experiments. It is sufficient for the rest of us simply to marvel, both at their ingenuity and at the infinite richness of the natural world.
Actually... that technique for detection is a rather basic one in chemistry... ;-)
It's always great to see that Professor Sir Poliakoff still gets excited when he learns new things! I'm a firm believer that you're never too old to learn.
Absolutely!
I think that enthusiasm is what drives a lot of science.
Teams of scientists like those who discovered bp-N are often not only the most experienced and creative, but also the most enthusiastic. We joke about mad scientists, but madness is a part of genius!
Not in the case of the Professor at least.
*agreed...enjoy this channel and his videos in particular due to that fact*
A "practical" application can be to better understand how nitrogen behaves in the very high pressures inside a gas- or ice giant.
I just rewached this video after a year and had the same thought. Planetologists should take this into consideration.
It’s application is as an explosive all those nitrogen atoms in non triple bonds.
Sir Martin's hand motions whenever he gets excited talking about something is something I can infinitely relate to.
"Hokay so today on Hydroulaick Press Channel we got two tapered diamonds and we going to see what happen"
Searching for this comment and not disappointed. Now waiting hard for the bF-N (black Finnish Nitrogen)
Nitrogen Compressor Five Million
@Paolo G I can hear his voice reading this comment haha
I want to see that :-)
You win the YT crossover comment award of the year! I can hear his voice now!
I love how humanity is exploiting physical effects like this to find out such cool stuff! It's almost like exploiting glitches in a video game.
high pressures are really exciting, you can even make high temperature superconductors with ultra high pressures.
And the Simulation Hypothesis gets reinvented from first principles again. Almost like it's human nature...or a truth of the "reality" in which we live, amirite?
@@neurhlp It intrigued me too when he said chemists don't really look into pressure. Are they too "down to earth" ? Chemistry in the heart of star or in black holes...isn't it there that the elements we find on Earth came from ? How can you not be interested into ultra high pressure ? Weird.
The crafting system in this game is top tier. New recipes that take exploiting the physics engine to overflow the temperature values to get the secret material is just for completionists.
(Jokes asside, my comment is inspired by the channel Tier Zoo, which talks about animals as if our world was a video game called Outside.)
@@Elviloh I'm sure they ARE interested, as the very existence of this video demonstrates, but it's just not what most chemists deal with every day. I think most chemistry happens in regular room on Earth at normal or normal-ish pressures.
“Using diamonds and lazers to make black nitrogen”
That’s so cool
... in a cyclotron! :D
*transparent "black" nitrogen...
@@yourguard4 Synchrotron in this case.
@@FreeScience my bad
Considering how much heat was required, that suff being cool seems counterproductive...
I am an accountant. I don't get everything the Professor says, but the passion and enthusiasm is contagious, and brings me back.... every single time. I love these videos. Respect from the US Sir Martyn
How much science and engineering can we *squeeze* in a single experiment? YES.
We got two diamonds in a hydraulic press, we got a laser going through the diamonds to heat it, we got the entire thing in under high pressure nitrogen gas, and to top it off we got x-rays shooting through the sample, whose diffraction pattern will be reverse mapped backed to the crystal lattice structure... How many people were working on this?
9 authors on the paper, so at least that many
"By our powers combined...!"
And you've got a fraction of a second to measure the system before the apparatus breaks under the extreme conditions
@@alexpotts6520 I bet they don't get any warranty for it either.
Best thing is that setup is called a Diamond Anvil. It's a similar setup to the one they used to make metallic hydrogen.
The people are geniuses that designed all the test equipment. Great video!
electronicsNmore indeed.
@electronicsNmore Mechanical engineering.
Diamond anvil presses with laser heating are 1980s technology. Synchroton and x ray crystallography are from the 1950's. The only new thing is that using these old technologies they achieved something new. People have been doing this with hydrogen for decades to understand the physics inside Jupiter or the Sun.
Please never stop making these videos. Also, I like the interview/response style here. Both Prof. Poliakoff and the interviewer are on point here.
Synchrotron is honestly one of the coolest places to visit/go do some science, hard work long days but Diamond Light Source in Oxford is such an exciting place to work. I really want to visit the Synchrotron at Trieste or DESY in Germany or SPring-8 in Japan....really just to do a global synchrotron crawl
0:25 So it is pretty hard to make it at home with a bicycle pump?
Maybe if your pump is made of neutronium? 😅
@@rusdanibudiwicaksono1879 I think a standard diamond pump would be enough, so really a garage project ;)
Just whack some old fridge compressors together - simple scrapyard sourced project. :D
@@JanicekTrneckaNot sure about Nitrogen, but it would surely make his D!©k black... 😂
LOL your replies makes me laugh.
Fascinating.
Though I do find it pretty funny that the transition from black to transparent was the point at which it became "black nitrogen".
Science journalists, amirite
I think it's very cool that phase diagrams of so many elements and compounds are being extended with experiments like these, sometimes making compounds that can't exist at STP.
2:00 hey, you pronounced Aachen correctly! Very nice, thank you for taking the effort to learn it. 🍄
The professor actually looks younger now than a few years ago.
The curious case of Martyn Poliakoff
@@prithvip6360 perhaps hes secretly working on an experiment to stop aging
@@not2hot99 or he ate that black nitrogen.
@@blueeye2281 or the frozen banana at the end of this clip :D
His source is Magician Humphrey from the _Xanth_ series (author: Piers Anthony). Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff is exempt from serving Humphrey's requisite year of service because our professor provides useful science to Humphrey.
And there I was, walking past the glass case with the black phosphorus for many years not knowing it was that special 🙈
Also, I was at your lecture and as you could undoubtedly see by the attendance, we loved having you in Aachen ❤️
Greatings from Bonn as well
Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff, THANK YOU! Thank you for bringing the explanation to a level I can understand. Or at least research a bit to better understand. You are an excellent teacher.
Everyone: I'm going to get a ton of home improvement and craft project done during lockdown, it'll be super productive.
German physicists: Halte mein Bier
Hah. People who can read and understand German can only understand :)
I cant read german. My guess is its hold my beer
Ghandi 2 Exactly 😃👍 🍺
@@Miak0oo pretty sure context makes it so literally everyone understood the joke.
I like how he is so exited at the start of the video
Professor Poliakoff is such a likeable guy. So inoffensive. Great guy. 👍👍.
Yes he is
i dropped out of college years ago, i used to be a chemistry major. i still watch these videos every time they’re uploaded. i love you
I love you
why'd you drop out? Chemistry major is an honour...
gettit?
General Prodigy no
You drop out to be a streamer?
@@general_prodigy Royal Chemistry Society?
My goodness doctor Poliakov you haven't aged a day in 15 years. May you live to be a hundred and fifty! You've no idea how much the videos that you and Brady have made have rekindled my interest in chemistry. I might not be using chemistry in a profession, but I feel like these videos and chemistry has filled an emptiness inside me for sure. We all need our projects. :D
Hello! I am a student from the last LIYSF, I really appreciate Professor Sir Martyn Poliakoff's lecture, it was exceptionally informative. My great appreciation to Prof. Poliakoff. Hope u can live as long as the half-life of Carbon 14!
The Prof's genuine excitement in this announcement is the greatest thing ❤️
Professor you are an inspiration to an aspiring chemist like myself. When I feel like I’m not cut out for chemistry I come here and the professors childlike amazement for chemistry always makes me think about how much I enjoy chemistry also, even when it gets difficult. You should do a video on solvated electrons if you haven’t already! (i.e. sodium metal in liquid ammonia)
they do have a video on ammoniated electrons! it's a few years old, but you should be able to search for it on the channel page.
Look up thunderf00t he's done that
@@markshort9098 I was just thinking about that he made a metallic water correct?
@@clown134 no it's anhydrous ammonia that's used.. alkali metals tend to explode in water
I grew up learning disabled & had nothing but learning labs my entire life until I went into college. Being a graphic designer I took the bare minimal of prerequisites I needed to get my degree college because college was extremely difficult.
I longed to learn about so many different sciences, but knew if I was to ever learn I would have to do it all my own. I am so thankful for these videos because they help make sense of subjects I was told I would never understand.
That and I found out in my mid twenties I had severe ADHD and started getting treatment for it 😅
With that out of the way I would just like to say, thank you, to all who make these videos possible. These videos have made something that was so foreign to me extremely enjoyable, thank you °~.♡.~°
If I didn't have a headache before I watched this, I sure have one now. I love your channel.
Would be interesting to hear about metallic hydrogen as well.
And transparent aluminium ;-)
@@Sarklord Rubies come close.
@@Sarklord already exists.
@@Sarklord i made that with foil and a butane lighter. Just gotta heat thin aluminum to near melting point.
Isn't the core of Jupiter mostly made from metallic hydrogen?
The more I see that periodic table tie, the more I want one.
Available from the London science museum
I wear to school - chemistry teacher.
Don’t do it.
I love Professor Poliakoff's enthusiasm when he talks about something that fascinates him. It's very contagious.
I agree Miro. He’s a real stereotypical looking scientist too. Breath of fresh air. I’m quite surprised that he isn’t on the TV more. Why not a celebrity scientist, we’ve got all sorts of silly celebrities. Mind you , he ain’t silly, he’s ace 👍👍👍
I like how Martin can convey such excitement about the results. Helps keep people engaged to learn. Great video.
It's nice to know that there are still discoveries being made during my lifetime. Goes to show that there's still much we don't know...and maybe I'll be able to make one of these discoveries someday.
Progress is usually only observable on the scale of generations. Discovery happens nearly on a daily basis. Not everything discovered is immediately applicable and often requires developments in other fields before it can be utilized. Its exciting but I wouldn’t hold my breath for bp-N infused steel alloys being used to make lovely space elevators or fusion reactor components untill closer to the end of my natural lifespan.
@@nadlug9199 or never
Sometimes it’s the technology devised to carry out these experiments that finds practical applications.
There have been a huge number of discoveries so far this year if you include medicine and electronics etc.
There will always be huge discoveries. No matter how long we (or our computer descendants) live, there will be more to discover.
I wish I had this guy as a chemistry teacher when I was at school. What a great guy
Amazing. I've got to tell my friends about this. This paper is now pretty high on my list of publications to read despite it being out of my usual range of topics.
Very interesting. I'm always looking forward to videos like this. I love how Sir Martyn explains things. I love his ties too.
Imagine being so wise and intelligent. I wish i could relate. Sir, your knowledge emanates from you and this time I wanna be a sponge to absorb as much as it's possible. Thank you!
-sigh-
Anyone can choose to become an expert in any particular field... what really sets him apart is the enthusiasm and passion he has for his area of expertise.
@@GGoAwayy having been taught by him I can honestly say his intellect is on another level. He is a genius and such a lovely guy, always willing to help!
when did LEGO release the Professor Poliakoff figure?!
I think it was a special MiniFig custom build. You can custom make any figure on that website.
I really apprechiate brady's ability to ask really smart questions and lead the interview. Props to Dr. Haran
Yrs of chemistry and science and Sir Martin can still look wide eyed like a kid on xmas morning wen new things happen! So cool
Thanks for the always informative videos and great production quality.
I wonder if nitrogen forms crystals like the bp-N when its in the interior of stars, which must have huge pressure and temperature
That’s interesting, why wouldn’t it just become plasma
@@mistertheguy3073 then why didn't the nitrogen they experimented on become plasma? Because the transfer of heat was insatiateness while in a star, it is not
General Prodigy that’s actually not why. The nitrogen didn’t turn to plasma because it was a solid. And at that pressure, the energy required to turn it into plasma is insane
the pressure and temperature inside a star can't be done on earth as for now
The pressure in the center of the sun is on the order of 100B atm, and the temperature on the order of 15M°C, so it's more than enough. The problem is that it's _so_ much that the atoms are knocking into one another hard enough to fuse nuclei, never mind forming chemical bonds
I don’t know much about chemistry being in aerospace engineering, but the apparatus engineered to do the process and measurements is astounding and beautiful.
Thank you Sir Poliakoff. The knowledge you brought us over the years will keep us on our toes.
Thank you.
Keep up with the discoveries.
thanks for explaining chemistry so well in layman terms!
I love watching this even though my high school knowledge limits my understanding of it all
I love your videos! Please don't stop putting them out!!
"Not an experiment you can do in your kitchen"
*Challange accepted.*
My roommate's cold fusion experiment is self sustaining in our refrigerator. It's even green.
@@chanvalentine8283 that's just last years leftover pizza
@@markshort9098 LOL
How's that going for ya?
My challenge for you is to spell correctly.
Amazing as always!
Prof. Poliakoff's office is literally my goals in life. I hope I get to me at least half as cool as a professor as he is.
Buddy that man is not cool
@@TheBigMclargehuge Hes amazing
The professor seems to look like a mad scientist. Thanks for the videos, they’ve really helped me with understanding chemistry better!
Professor, thank you so much for dedicating your time to educating the world. Humanity as a whole benefits when we collectively learn.
14 yr old here. This channel has helped me grow to like chemistry and be intrested in the periodic table
The periodic table is the roster for the big game
In terms of uses, a single bonded nitrogen network could be a very high energy density material which could be useful in a lot of applications too
I love that I'm still learning from this man in 2020.
"I've never tried freezing a ba-naw-na."
I'd like to know more of the material properties of this stuff, sounds fascinating!
Love this Q&A format.
never let to make videos please, your work teaching science it's incredible, greetings from Uruguay
Very fun to see other scientists talking about their field
I'm more of a physics guy but chemistry is cool
Nitrogen compounds are... rambunctious. The more nitrogen the merrier.
11:18 Translation "Can we use it to blow sh*t up?"
Apparently perazabuckminsterfullerene is theoretically possible...
He sounds so happy in the introduction!! So cute!!!
Aweseme! I love these videos, my main profession is a automotive technician. but i love learning of the elements. thank you for the videos. keep up the great work!
Kansas city
My friend: What does science look like?
Other people: Draw a diagram of an atom.
Me, an intellectual: This guy
One of the most interesting things to come out of this whole mess of a year. Nice!
I like your videos and have seen them for many years.
I'm more intrigued by the fact that a camera and Ken's can be produced to capture the footage of something under such great pressure
You sir are a great presenter and teacher!
"Teacher, you're wrong!! A new form of nitrogen was discovered!!" **gets suspended for insubordination**
I got kicked outta class in 5th grade for insisting that atoms weren't fundamental particles. It wasn't even like I was interrupting class to say this, I spoke up about it in the break. And got kicked out. Of break.
Let's not forget the new element that the Spanish found, the element of surprise! Thank you Spanish inquisition, we never expected it!
@@brandongriest44 Fetch the comfy chair!
0:20 what sorcery is this?
i just found this channel.... and omg i love this guy!!!!
These vidoes are so incredibly great .
I wish I could have had him for a teacher I would have stayed in school
12:40 it will be a pleasure 😂
Great video as always. Thank you.
As a non-scientist, the best sense I can make of this is that it's the Nitrogen equivalent to a diamond. IE Carbon that has been placed under immense pressure and temperature changes to a transparent material.
I love how excited you are about this. Science is brilliant. :)
Just like S8
Oxygen can also show allotropy
Coz Nitrogen just showed it...
Who knows next time you'll get many peroxy bonds which will just be explosive
Actually nitrogen is a better element for explosives because the end product is so stable. With ozone for example it's an explosive but forms oxygen which is a far lower change of energy state.
Energetic metals
Energetc metals need something to react with. that is why aluminium in torpex only improves the explosion to a point then starts damping it down.
@@gordonlawrence1448 you're true till the fact about stability
I'm saying that many peroxy bonds might also react with nearly anything nearby that may result in explosions
I'm just waiting to now see if they can now correlate Iodine and Fluorine coz a conducting liquid F2 gets as cool as it is [also acknowledging the fact that it'll be existing as (F3)+]
Nice to see Sir Martyn again 👍🏻😎
The interesting part about synthesizing black nitrogen is this lends more light into research into near-room temperature and room temperature superconductors. Since N2 is needed to sub cool materials down so they can be superconductors, black nitrogen compounds or complexes could easily enhance that or become part of that conductor to raise its superconductivity.
Just sayin'.
Fascinating video, Professor!
I want to see Metallic Hydrogen like what could be at the core of Jupiter.
0:49 unless, I suppose, your kitchen happens to be in the center of the Earth.
A sort of "Hell's Kitchen," you might say
Great lecture. Also, I love SIr Martyn's tie.
Nice one mate, thanks for the great video 👍
There's probably going to be someone in the comment section to say,"This man looks like science"
Technically you just did!
this comment looks like science
When I was in 5th grade, in the early 1970’s, I took a test and one question I was marked wrong on was the amount of planets in our solar system, I answered 8. I was told the correct answer was 9. I wonder if I wasn’t marked wrong, and my grade was increased, and I went on to have a career in the sciences, etc, ... Essentially the butterfly effect, what could have been...
There’s a theory that there actually is a 9th planet that isn’t Pluto. Something about comets way past Neptune being affected by a planet sized gravity well, but so far no one’s had their telescope pointed in the right place at the right time to find whatever it is
Tarzan wow you took it literally? I sincerely pity you
This is some of the coolest science I've ever heard of
I love your videos so much!
“As chemists, we are normally not concerned with high pressures.”
Except while studying for an exam!
2:01 Bless you
yes!!! yes!!!
more chemistry videos, please!!!
Absolutely fascinating! Thank You.
There's also violet phosphorus
@RED Engineer True enough, though red phosphorous itself is not a well defined allotrope. You could argue that there is only white phosphorous and black phosphorous and everything else is intermediate. It depends how you like your definitions.
I wonder if normal nitrogen would be racist when seeing black nitrogen
Hahahaha
Wow an actual step forward for alchemy. Im impressed.
Fascinating - being able to subject a sample existing only under such extreme conditions to X-ray crystallography.