With all due respect and not being a sensationalist... you are a fucking genius! This is the most thought-out, logical explanation for the construction of the great pyramid. My only regret is that you have but 2 videos to enjoy on UA-cam.
I love this video so much. So many people spend their lives trying to somehow "prove" that men couldn't possibly have built something like this nowadays and you rarely see someone put in the effort to create constructive, evidence-based theories as to how they could have...
@@alexthomas4335 why our buildings don't get bigger every year? We have the technology and knowhow to build over 800m tall buildings, yet none have been built in more than a decade. The simpliest answer is, that there was no need to build bigger pyramids, especially considering how much resources and labor it takes.
Hired a lot of people over the years. Came to the conclusion that engineers are always reliable as being clever and logical. Well played to Declan. Great video.
very well done!... and your hypothesis fits very well with the design of the 22-degree ramp (very close to your 1:2) that was discovered leading out of an alabaster rock quarry that was contemporary in time with the construction of the pyramids and is associated with Khufu's reign. It showed post holes for wood and ladder constructions were used along the sides, which perfectly lines up with your model. Interestingly, it is the angle of the ramp leading into the quarried-out pit in the destroyed/incomplete Pyramid of Djedefre, lending further support to the idea that this was a common ramp angle used in the construction of pyramids. Some of the methods you propose are the best fit for the evidence and are some of the most reasonable proposals I've seen to date.
My favourite new guys on the job site were always the ones fresh out of school with well established theories. By the time temperature hit 35°C or stones hit 100Kg they were all gone. Their theories about moving 80,000Kg stones in 50°C heat are entertaining to this day though LOL
@@alsimmons5539 Well youre not part of thousands and thousands of workers being able to pull one rock at a time, the heat wont matter with enough people i dont know how that concept is so insane to people
This is a much better evolution of the internal ramp theory Jean Pierre Houdin originally proposed, it also marries up with the void above the grand gallery that is speculated above the grand gallery.
No this is not a video game you need to double the estimate for your time alloted. 3mins is the minimal required but also you need time to lay the stone down and readjust for accuracy. There is no way you can lay a stone at 1 per 3 mins using basic techniques that you describe. More detail is required not in moving the stones but placing them as well.
Just imagine being able to go back 4,000 years in the past and see a timelapse of the Pyramids being built with your own eyes. That's how I feel watching this video, the closest I've felt to believing I know the actual method behind their construction.
I like that it says proposed. It's presenting a possible explanation without criticism or attacks on others postulations in an attempt to further their own career or fame while only trying to reveal truth. Well done sir. Thanks 🙏
It makes a lot of sense to use the same structure you are building on as ramp instead of having a whole external ramp and tons of extra material. Btw great illustrations, animations and explanation of the maths involved. Great job
With the discovery of this new passage way yesterday, they might be close to discovering this internal ramp you're proposing in this video, which btw.. I think you're right about.
@@DragonzPlay "history for granite" and "ancient architects" jus do a search. There are tunnels under the whole darn complex as well. Herodotus and the Arabic historians wrote about the pyramids and many legends quite possibly reference them symbolically.
@@Gvozd111 "Egyptian government stopped this research" Itr didn't stop at all. They have been clarifying and improving the accuracy for years. The fact that the muon tomography was proven accurate is a big mark in favor of non destructive investigation which may prompt the govmt to fund an expanded scanning project which requires bigger sensors and more of them to acquire a higher resolution scan. Once done with the Great Pyramid they can move on to the Khafre pyramid and all the others after that.
Aight this is straight up the most logical shit I've seen so far. I'm glad history for granite got me into the pyramids just a few weeks ago. These are exiting times! Your proposal solves a lot of the problems. Let's hope we can get some proper studies done soon!
The most sensible theory that I've heard so far! I really think this is a plausible explanation. The ancient builders weren't stupid, and they would have devised a method that was the quickest, most efficient possible, simple, and produced the least amount of waste. Your hypothesis seems to satisfy those conditions. Bravo to all your hard work!!
The internal ramp idea is brilliant. All previous explanations I have seen proposed an external ramp and cautioned its drawback of using colossal amounts of stone. But there are already such colossal amounts, in the pyramid itself, so a bit of lateral thinking, and you have the internal ramp. It's not like the ancients had to invent all this overnight. They had centuries dedicated to developing their techniques.
If the dynastic Egyptians were able to make these then why did they only do it once with no similar projects ever occuring despite the power and population of Egypt increasing exponentially as the centuries went on?
@@georgiafloydsod9644 Imagine a person in the year 3000 wondering why no one in the 2000s built a pyramid again, if their technology was way more advanced at that point. They didn't because they didn't want to. Much like us today.
@@georgiafloydsod9644why reinvent the wheel, or rather, why reinvent the pyramids? Empires fall, cultures change, and as centuries and millenia march on they become just as much of marvels as they are today. History isn't just a constant game of oneupsmanship, that's a very modern industrial view of things. They did plenty of impressive stuff in the following centuries. It ain't all about stacking rocks. We modern peoples didn't make the pyramids again, even though we absolutely could. But we made maglev trains, and have turned grown algae into gasoline and diesel with a nearly closed-loop carbon cycle. We sent people to the moon, multiple times, and we've kept a manned satelite in orbit for decades. We've treated what were once considered terminal diseases in ways unimaginable to previous generations, and eradicated smallpox. We can cure tuburculosis. Not every great work is a monument or a monolith. Not all of them are singular. Not every society needs to build a pyramid. Sometimes it's enough to look at the pyramid and say "wow, people made that and left it for us, that's incredible" instead of taking it as a challenge to make a bigger pile of stones.
@@mitchellcouchman1444 Until we have seen every single possible cavity in the pyramid we cannot know for sure that there are not other chambers still waiting to be explored. Not to mention that the pyramid was breached 1,200 years ago by a treasure hunting Caliph who was probably not especially respectful of the mummy if he found one there - looters often take out their frustrations on the dead when they do not find mountains of treasure after weeks/months of work to gain entry.
I had always assumed the way to do it would be a longer, shallower ramp, like 1:10, so it's very interesting to see your calculations on the work and friction.
Yes but do you actually think they would use "man-power" to do all this? Horses? water? I just cant see 1200 men pulling ropes to get 80 ton blocks up (in this model)
@@tbrowniscool Yeah, they never have to lift the stones off the ground, so i reckon something like 8 men per tonne could move those stones uphill. Its also worth remembering the majority of sandstone blocks in the pyramid were smaller than 80 tonnes. I remember seeing a video of a load of students moving a giant statue like the Easter island heads, and it showed you can definitely move big stones with the right technique if you work smarter rather than harder, and we know from looking at the pyramids the Egyptian builders were very smart.
@@tbrowniscool at least 20,000 men helped build the pyramid in the span of 20 years. Also the blocks weighted 2.5 tons on average with only the largest few being between 25-80 tons.
One guy applied physics and great amount of simple logic and has solved the mystery alone - I love the internet haha. This is the most plausible explanation ever, construction was enormous but had to be fairly simple - sort of cut and cover.
Interesting ideas! It looks like your proposed internal ramp could line up with the big void above the Grand Gallery detected by the ScanPyramids project...
this is pretty good, except the internal "ramp" was actually a tube flooded with water so they could float the blocks up using buoyancy and keep everything level... the man-made canals to do this have already been found nearby with ground radar, and those narrow diagonal "vent shafts" function more like straws for managing internal water pressure.
@@kxkxkxkx doubt that they floated them up, there simply isn't enough space lift up 80 tonnes granite slabs, the amount of air needed to float them is just too much - more likely that aliens did it, than them floating up those blocks
@@kxkxkxkx the pressure at the bottom of this water filled void would be immense and impossible to actually open. Not to mention water tight seals with intense pressure. This isn’t a possibly solution with the technology that they had at the time.
@@kxkxkxkx Ive seen scale models of floating blocks up pipe, they definitely had material to make floats ( animal skins ) the pipe out of timber , they Egypt did have massive trade so Lebanese ceder was available and tar / wax could of sealed, the Nile was near Khufu 2500 BC .
Yes!! Brilliant. This is exactly what I had in my mind too when meditated around the Houdin's theory yesterday. Reconstructing the pyramid with animation course by course helps alot to solve this because it's visible. The visual guide is priceless. I don't think this is the final solution , but we are pretty close. Hopefully new evidence will be found in the coming years and will shine a brighter light on this issue.
This is very well thought-out, and I think I need to watch it at least ten times. The thought that occurred to me as I watched was "I wonder at exactly what point in this process the pharaoh needs to die so the rest could be finished? What would the Pharaoh see as he went about his day-to-day and glanced up at his tomb, completed as far as it could be during his life?" That's a sight I'd like to ponder. This is extremely thought-provoking. Well done.
@@samueldavila2156 I lean towards this idea as well. The unfinished subterranean chamber, then the completed second chamber which is directly below the peak, then the "whoops he's still alive better build an outrageously impressive granite chamber that will baffle engineers for millennia or he'll whip us" lol
As an architect I like this idea very much. Sounds practcal. In the beginning it would also be possible to work with more then only one ramp. This saves time. But I wonder: what happend to the internal galleries / ramps? I see no good way to fill them up solidly. Are there still there? Is there a way to detect them?
You could fill it with rubble before closing off the ends, with final large stones positioned on the exterior as shown at 7:54. Rubble could be carried up the exterior by hand without any special methods.
Best explanation I’ve seen yet! But I’d say this is 1/2 of the problem. *Aren’t the passages we found in the pyramids really narrow? *How did they get the rocks cut and transported to the site.
I have one question, at 8:00, how will the workers who closed the entrance get down? If they're able to go down that slope of the pyramid, does this mean the casing stones haven't been placed yet at that stage?
That’s a good question. They obviously have to descend the finished limestone sloped face. They could safely achieve this by using a high friction material to prevent uncontrolled sliding. I could not give a specific example, but they had the opportunity to experiment (obviously at low level) and come up with a suitable / reliable procedure.
You're absolutely right about the passage which was just discovered a week ago.. I guess the passage was just used for the construction... as you explained in the video.. I'm impressed... Well done 👏 this is the most convincing and practical proposed construction of the kufu Pyramid. Sir Best wishes..
Very thoughtful and clear explanations and the sequenced illustrations are some of the best I've seen! As an Architect and Planner I find this type of information captivating and informative! Thanks for posting!
This randomly popped up in my recommendations and even though I don't have any expertise or experience in engineering I will say it was an interesting video.
Wow, I had thought exactly that way and I was trying to develop a drawing to show it, but I'm just an artist, I don't understand calculations and physics, I would never have explained it so well, I looked for some mathematician friends, but they didn't take the idea forward, my name is Marlon Delano, I'm Brazilian and I work with art, painting, sculpture, drawing, etc., the ancient world is my great source of inspiration, I really liked the video!
I was there 1999, looking at the structure out of a engineering perspective. I am pretty convinced that the Grand Gallery is a part of the hoist system to lift the granite slabs. The portculiss also features a multi pulley system. In the roof of the Grand Gallery there are rails. In the lower end they are chiseled off, like someone has removed equipment. Also there are multiple niches in the floor of the GG that could have been used as blocking notched as the crew had to rest. On top of the GG they have recently found something that looks like a void.
I've been going down the rabbit hole of pyramid construction for only a few months, but some of the proposed techniques are a tad extra. The one where it was proposed that they built a large mario bros. pipe on the side of the pyramid to float the blocks up was excellent in theory, really cool and well thought out, but just way too complicated IMHO for ancient times. I couldn't imagine those brick pipes not blowing out the bottom with literally thousands of tons of water pressure near the bottom. It's also worth noting that much smaller pyramids were constructed numerous times successfully, and I can't imagine that someone would have thought "Oh we'll need to reengineer the entire process in order to move the required stonework into place". It seems much more plausible that they would have just used previously successful techniques that worked, and refined them. This method seems so simple and it doesn't feel like it's a complete rethink of how a pyramid would have been done on a smaller scale. Just a natural progression of an ambitious project. When a pharaoh decided he wanted a mega pyramid, I can't imagine they would have "reinvented the wheel" so to speak in order to accomplish the task. I feel like this method would just be a lot of extra work and a grander scale of projects they had completed successfully in the past, and that makes it so much more plausible to me.
I’ve always thought that the floated the stones up using water, a canal from the river then a wall around the entire site , the wall would need to be quite wide at the bottom, and a lock system to move the stones, the dam wall would be removed upon completion of the project!!! I thought of this about 10 or 15 years ago when moving large rocks in a river for some forgotten reason, probably just messing around, but the buoyancy of the rocks clicked a thought in my head which has never gone away, I’m not saying that I’m right but I am saying that it’s possible, anyway … Peace out from the police state of north Wales 🏴
I still like the 'mario pipe' theory maybe because it has many benefits and simple to explain. I understand it is not as easy to construct as to describe. I like it because it really makes me think outside the box. The method described here in this video is my second favorite.
Watch a video on the VerseByVerseBT UA-cam channel called Ancient Aliens Debunked. It's 3 hours long but there's a section about the Great Pyramid's engineering and internal ramp which you may view at about 22 or 23 minutes in. It's just a 15 minute section. And the video is a decade old. I haven't looked into what's been learned in the past decade. Disclaimer: Most of the videos on that channel are related to Bible talk. But the AA Debunked video contains none of the Bible talk. So, don't be put off.
@@aishalotter9995 It is possible but it doesn't factor in how much pressure the water would have at those volumes towards the bottom of the shafts. It would be immense. Building any time of structure to accommodate the amount of water needed to float blocks that large would probably be on scale with the pyramids themselves. It's a great idea, but it begs the question, how did they get the blocks up to build the shaft wall that they used to get the blocks up to build the pyramid. Again it's a cool idea but it's impractical. It solves the idea of how they raised the blocks to build the pyramids with the question of how they raised the blocks to build the water pipe, except it doesn't seem to explain how the bottom of the shaft would be able to withstand the pressure of all the water on top pushing down at the base of the shaft.
Yeah, but we have a 3D render of how it was done in this video. The scale of the workers is about 6 times larger than the real scale. Imagine explaining this plan to slaves with chisels, then it all working flawlessly? No way the great pyramid was made with man power and basic tech.
@@tbrowniscool Try to put an 80 ton block of granite in an underground tunnel Like in the serapeum Did you see the serapeum and it's 24 box of granite??? First it cant be cut with simple tools. It was made with high accuracy imagine that the inside angles are perfect 90.000° polished to reflect light like smooth mirror surfaces. Things that can be made only by high tech machinery. No one can imagine how it's possible to transport 80ton block of granite inside an underground tunnel and placed in rooms that are one meter of the level of the tunnel.
Lovely. I can absolutley see it being done this way. Makes sense and is a completley valid and possible way of construction.The only thing i would add is i expect aditional chambers to be discovered above for the sole reason that it looks like a ton of unused space.And in my mind someone/a team of people that can come up and coordinate such a project wont leave it unused lol.
Seems more probable than an spiral internal ramp. This method also allows clear sighting down the sides to ensure the pyramid does not go out of alignment as construction nears the top.
Makes perfect sense to me. The north face corridor behind the chevrons has recently been confirmed, and History For Granite has made a great video detailing how there is likely even more back-filled passage behind the back wall of the corridor. He theorizes that it would have led horizontally to meet up with the Queen's chamber corridor as an access point for workers, but I think it's much more likely that it slopes up to meet the larger void in the middle of the pyramid which perhaps wasn't totally backfilled for some reason.
while this is cool and all i don't think this would work. For one thing with the number of stones that needed to be moved one single ramp that can only fit one stone at a time would take too long. Also wouldn't the ramps inside be much to narrow for many of the stones, especially the cap stone? Also have any of the pulleys that he is describing been found?
@@Smorb42you should rewatch. Multiple Stones can be pulled up internally at the same time. There is to this day no prove of a cap stone. It is commen believe but there is no evidence for a Single large cap stone.
@@Smorb42 the capstone of this pyramid is still debated. But however, in that wikipedia link you can see, that the capstone wasn't very large, therefore would easily fit through those internal ramps.
Very very well thought out, I appreciate watching a video about building techniques of the pyramid with out calling for some lost technology given to the Egyptians by Aliens
Some great theroies! They must have had some amazing engineers to move those stones 500miles from the quarries and then lift and position them with such precision.
I am very impressed by the video and watched it a few times. Just one question re the Grand Gallery: Why is it that big instead of the size of the shaft leading to it? Am I missing a point? Does the video explain it somewhere?
The grand gallery is still an enigma, however, the tunnel leading to it was blocked by 3 granite plugs once access to the Kings chamber was no longer required and these plugs were stored in the grand gallery during construction as they needed to be slide into place from a higher elevation.
Very impressive, and straight engineering simplified as much as possible even considering work flow and scheduling. Read Houdins book when it first came out and was very impressed with spiral ramp theory although it's a bit complex. The chevron chamber and space above grand gallery really lend some credence to this theory. Although muon detectors aren't perfect and can miss alot, such as smaller corridors there's evidence they may have backfilled voids with compressed sand which would further obscure them. Radar probing from upper kings chamber arch lintels might detect gallery over the short distances its usefull as well as limited drilling. Also muon detectors in upper kings chamber voids, but in particular at entrance chevron oriented back toward king chamber. A long shaft would show of very brightly. Probes and maybe radar at upper corridor end coverings. Really like what you've done here!
Don’t know much about the subject, but my imagination makes me think that maybe the Bent pyramid was result of using spiral ramps beyond the critical point where an internal ram was needed. This could explain why the slope suddenly becomes shallower - as to support an external spiral ramp for construction. In this context an internal ramp seems like a logical next step.
I've been loosing sleep over the construction of these pyramids......... I thought there would be some kind insane explanation to these........ But awesome work my guy
That’s the most logical explanation and analysis I’ve ever seen which really does answer the question of how it was most probably built. Thanks for answering that long standing question we all had.
Great video! This makes a lot of sense. I theorise that they also used a system of gears and pulleys to increase the torque when pulling up the stones, allowing them to be pulled up by smaller teams.
I’ve watched many speculative pyramid construction videos, but after watching this video, I came to the conclusion that Declan has it very close to, if not absolutely right. Furthermore, I thought of something else, and what I thought of virtually necessitates that construction proceed in the manner he outlines. Here’s the additional information that helps solidify his theory … In order to assure that the four corners terminate in a single point at the apex, you must affix most of the outer casing stones as you complete each layer. You must verify that each corner is precisely 90 degrees, that the distance between each corner is exactly the same, and as you proceed upward, that the slope of each corner is identical. An inner core can be built first, followed by the outside layers, with a fourth side left uncompleted, or only partially completed (as he depicts), to facilitate construction. But the important part is this -- as you build upwards, you must complete at least 3 sides of the pyramid, as well as all four corners (including the casing stones) for each layer. And you must verify that each layer has 90-degree corners, which are equidistant and have the same slope. If all this is done properly, when you get to within 10-20 feet of the top, you should have a flat, level, square surface, whose four sides are parallel to the sides of the pyramid at the base. But if you get it wrong, you will end up with a landing that is not parallel to the base, and is not square - meaning it will be either a twisted or rotated square, a rectangle, a parallelogram, a rhombus, a trapezoid, or an irregular quadrilateral. One last thing. I went to Egypt in 2016, and as part of the trip I visited the pyramid at Saqqara. They were repairing it (i.e. replacing stones that had fallen), and had massive wooden scaffolding affixed to two sides of the pyramid from the base to the top. The wood was very old and looked like it had been used many times. Meaning … there’s a very good chance they also used this same technique 4,000 years ago.
Great theory: A small question for clarity: Is it necessary that the turning platform (85m) ist at the outside of the pyramid? I would guess they could turn also inside the pyramid. This would mean that the upper chevrons might not be shortly beneath the surface … and not finding them would not disprove your theory.
Many months of thinking and analysing possibilities and many months of AutoCAD + MS Excel. Overall, it took 3 years but last the year was spent re-doing the AutoCAD drawings as every minor change meant re-doing hundreds of drawings. The entire animation is just a sequence of thousands of individual drawings imported into a movie editing program.
@@declanpurcell571 Hi Declan, Im an artist who makes public sculptures. We use grasshopper a 3D parametric plug in for Rhino. The great thing about it is every drawing can be set to automatically update as you change the model, but you may already be doing that? Anyway I love your hypothesis, it's brilliant. Hows it going down with Egyptologists?
This is very interesting and part of this hypothesis is very similar to Jean Pierre Houdin's theory for the function of the Grand Gallery, also, it would explain the "big void" found above it. The only problem I have with all these explanations on how the Great Pyramid was constructed is that the pyramid of Khafre is almost as big and, as far as e know, there are no internal ramps like the Grand Gallery inside it. So how that one was built?
Good Point… Jean Pierre Houdin's theory requires a low angle internal spiral ramp (which is not practical) and the grand gallery as a construction device. My theory requires a two-stage internal ramp with just one turn, which is facilitated via the staging platform. Also, I do not require the grand gallery for construction purposes, therefore my theory also applies to the construction of Khafre’s pyramid.
The problem with the mystery of how pyramids were built was that it was always attempted to be answered by historians and not engineers. Here we have an engineer who applied physics to explain why steep ramp was used and a simple, yet effective construction method that makes a TOTAL sense and it is pretty much proven now by the discovery of the internal ramp. Internal ramp clearly explains the position of every chamber. Simply wow Sir
I love this video. I've had fireside debates with friends on how it could have been done, with admittedly diminishing ties to reality as the night wore on. A few thoughts, one being that two men could lift a 100kg block up a ramp, if steps are beside it, they could then counterweight a 200kg rock with themselves and the 100kg rock. Repeat with increasing stone size and extra men for support, combine with levered assistance ratcheting the stone upwards, and doing it in stages. The other being that appropriately sized logs fitting into the step tread actually forms a ramp, and incidentally gives you a way to stand up your stone. Go higher, remove log, lower to step, and raise from there. Even allowing you to rotate the "exit logs" perpendicularly, so you can move the stone off the main ramp to where you need it. Anyway, love your train of thought.
Excellent hypothesis, very well used the term "techniques" instead of technologies, many of your ideas had also gone around my head, I see that there are many thinking about the same thing, I am sure that your video will be a turning point between the hypotheses evidence of how this enigmatic monument could have been built. Congratulations on your work, subscribed.
Very impressed with amount of work put into this video resulting in some very convincing answers to how pyramids were constructed. Now for that pesky question on how they cut the blocks with the primitive tools available?
And if they only had primitive tools, how was their level of engineering so advanced to the point that we need modern computers to model out how they even did it? So fascinating to think about
Wait I have a massive problem, how do aliens come into this theory? JK this is amazing. Your solutions are some of the best, no actually THE best I think I've seen so far. Especially the "we dont know when the emperor will die so lets make multiple burial chambers as we build just in case" that explains the unfinished below bedrock chamber the "queens chamber" and ultimately the most impressive part of the entire structure the "kings chamber" where Khufu was eventually interred. This also gives more clout to the theory that he reigned for possibly the longest of the kings around that time.
cool. wonder if theres is data on the average size of rock was you go up. Maybe see a sharp cutoff drop at the point where the turnaround has to be enclosed. and maybe again at the line where they gotta pull them directly up the sides.
There is data, a Japanese team did a 3D lazer scan of the areas where you can see the internal blocks (at the the top and in the niche on the corner), not the muon scan but a simple laser scan to get accurate representations of the blocks. The blocks they could see were all relatively small, and interestingly all different sizes and shapes. There is a video on UA-cam somewhere but I couldn't find it to link because of all the Muon Scan videos!
If you had a greased ramp you could use a pulley at the top and a sled of logs. The logs would reduce the contact patch with the ground if they were tied such that the logs went vertical up the slope, like ribs going in the travel direction. I think this would help with the massive friction. And the objection about needing a huge ramp that takes as much material as the pyramid is overcome if the pyramid is also the ramp! Pretty ingenious. I hope the scan project reveals supporting structures to this theory.
@@jojojo9240 you are right that the amount of friction would be the same but I think the stiction would be far less than if you had a flat dressed stone against a flat inclined plane. But I could be wrong
Brilliant,I've been working on a hypothetical method for some time,that the pyramid was built as a three sided structure,using the increasing height as the ramp, before filling out the 4th side
Excellent video. I like how this theory also explains why the internal ramps would be there instead of contradicting their existence. Curious if all of the mega blocks that were used would have fit inside those chamber ramps. It seems like maybe some of them would not.
@@declanpurcell571 sorry, I must not have paid close enough attention to that part. But that would likely have to be how they did it. Now if we can just get a better quarrying theory than banging round dolomite balls.
@@ocrun6765 Completely! I think that is one of the most interesting questions regarding old world megalithic structures around the world, whether that's in south america and their precise geometry shown in "Incan" structures or in middle eastern areas!
Thank you for presenting a video that does not rely on alien intervention lost civilizations or supernatural interactions. The reality (as shown in your video) Is very smart people with lots of experience and time were responsible for these amazing buildings!!!
@@russelledwards001 I wish it was aliens cause then I can ask them why did they travel across interstellar distances. To teach us to do something we were already really good at doing lol
Fantastic video, curious what you think about the passage they found today behind the entrance chevrons? Also the void above the grand gallery gives this theory credit, but why leave a void there and not fill it in? Just more structural support? Good work
That passage or corridor was found years ago on radar. And they already said years ago it’s simply to disperse weight pushing down over the open entrance.
It's part of a second passage system. The chevrons are overkill for the small descending passage as he pointed out in this video. There has been a void detected behind the East wall of the Queen's chamber, behind curious non-load-bearing stones. Also in the King's chamber on the East wall, there is a similar non-load-bearing stone. It lends credence to the theory of a 'royal circuit' passage used during the actual burial ceremonies. The grand gallery was a counterweight corridor & maintenance entrance before it was plugged with the remaining red granite ballast blocks. Houdin's theories are by far the most plausible.
Very interesting! One thing I wonder about raising the stones along the ramp.... Basically, the men are shown standing still and either pull the stone up directly or through the use of a pully. (indeed, the addition of lubrication is a bonus). But, imagine that instead of manually "pulling" all the men are asked to grab the rope and jump down a step. Their combined weight would go a long way to lifting the stone. HEAVIEST Stone weight = 80000 kg. (as per Wiki) Avg. man weight = 60 kg (small man) This means that with 1,333 men, you have equalized the weight of the stone. (this is for the heaviest stone, not the average). Thus, if all men were to jump down a step, the stone must raise a step and the only thing each man must do is support his own weight. Indeed using a pulley system you can divide that number of men by two. So, imagine....all men hold onto a rope and walk down. As a man reaches the bottom, he lets go of the rope and heads back up to grab the rope again and keep walking down. This way, the stone rises steadily (like in an elevator) without interruption. No yanking or pulling all at once. Just a thought.
Probably the best explanation I've seen! Good work, well done :) Edit: How interesting!!! At 8:41 the pyramid resembles the Pyramid of the Sun in Mexico, with it's large steps. Makes me wonder if the Mexican pyramids are actually unfinished and where originally intended to look more like the Egyptian pyramids. Fascinating stuff!
It is my opinion (and yes I know the saw about opinions) that the pyramids built in Mesoamerica were not intended to to look like the ones in Eqypt. First the ones in Mesoamerica do not all have square bases. Second most of the pyramids built in Mesoamerica have much steeper side angles. Thirdly evidence has shown that many of the Mesoamerica pyramids were built in stages. A smaller structure then buired as the core of a larger structure. Forthly the existence of ceremonial structures at the top of the pyarimds for religious purposes. As to the massive Pyramids in Mexico they have a shallower side angle. Plus there is the presence of the staircases built into the sides of the Pyramids.
@@mpetersen6 I mean the pyramid of the sun ec. not Aztec and exactly cause of the staircases for me there are similarities. They didn’t finish and thought „hey doesn’t look so bad, let’s make the stairs more nice and that’s it“ :)
@@mpetersen6 The Great Pyramid actually has 9 sides, if you count the base. There does not seem to be a commonality between all the pyramids of the world, other than the fact they are tall and have water flowing underneath.
This comes closer than most anything I've seen to matching the best and most basic theory on how the stones were raised up the side of the pyramid - what if they were RAISED UP THE SIDE OF THE PYRAMID? (With a carriage on a ramp going up, assisted by a carriage on a ramp next to it, going down, both connected to ropes on a pulley system anchored up top. The steeper the angle, the closer to the full utility of the counter weight. With this most basic method anyone who walked up the pyramid would have a free ride down, along with the waste.) I liked this video because it demystifies the pyramids, which is appropriate. Some of the methods depicted might align with parts of the construction which makes the video very worthwhile.
Very interesting and very well done! Although we will never know exactly how it was constructed, this is certainly a very good hypothesis! Excellent graphics! I enjoyed it!
I really do believe 5here did build canals going right up to the Pyramid and later lost to time and winds and haven't 5here just found a void next to the Kings chamber that could be your ramp.
I like the idea of completing the chambers first and then scale the size of the pyramid depending on resources and how old the Pharao got!
just use giants to stack the blocks like Lego, im quite surprised no ones figured it out yet
@Trevor Smith Yess dey shudda! Sou stoopid!
@Trevor Smith Naw brahtur, theys got them thar aliens to help!
This fits what we have already observed from Djoser's 'step pyramid' construction from mastaba -> 4 step -> larger 6 step.
There is no evidence any pharaoh ever was buried in a pyramid.
With all due respect and not being a sensationalist... you are a fucking genius! This is the most thought-out, logical explanation for the construction of the great pyramid. My only regret is that you have but 2 videos to enjoy on UA-cam.
Dude just randomly throws out the most logical great pyramid construction techniques on all of youtube and then just peaces out, lol.
:-) Thanks. I have another in mind, but could be next year...
This is by far the most practical and concise theory!
100% agree!
I love this video so much. So many people spend their lives trying to somehow "prove" that men couldn't possibly have built something like this nowadays and you rarely see someone put in the effort to create constructive, evidence-based theories as to how they could have...
Men built it, just not in 2500BC
@Pride it didn’t get reduced to aliens, it got reduced to being 11600 years old
@Pride how come the Pyramids built after giza got worse overtime? Doesn't make sense, surely they would get better with more experience.
@@alexthomas4335 why our buildings don't get bigger every year? We have the technology and knowhow to build over 800m tall buildings, yet none have been built in more than a decade.
The simpliest answer is, that there was no need to build bigger pyramids, especially considering how much resources and labor it takes.
Hired a lot of people over the years. Came to the conclusion that engineers are always reliable as being clever and logical. Well played to Declan. Great video.
very well done!...
and your hypothesis fits very well with the design of the 22-degree ramp (very close to your 1:2) that was discovered leading out of an alabaster rock quarry that was contemporary in time with the construction of the pyramids and is associated with Khufu's reign.
It showed post holes for wood and ladder constructions were used along the sides, which perfectly lines up with your model.
Interestingly, it is the angle of the ramp leading into the quarried-out pit in the destroyed/incomplete Pyramid of Djedefre, lending further support to the idea that this was a common ramp angle used in the construction of pyramids.
Some of the methods you propose are the best fit for the evidence and are some of the most reasonable proposals I've seen to date.
My favourite new guys on the job site were always the ones fresh out of school with well established theories. By the time temperature hit 35°C or stones hit 100Kg they were all gone.
Their theories about moving 80,000Kg stones in 50°C heat are entertaining to this day though
LOL
@@alsimmons5539 Well youre not part of thousands and thousands of workers being able to pull one rock at a time, the heat wont matter with enough people i dont know how that concept is so insane to people
@@alsimmons5539 always got to love the lack of sense of scale supernatural theorists have
This is a much better evolution of the internal ramp theory Jean Pierre Houdin originally proposed, it also marries up with the void above the grand gallery that is speculated above the grand gallery.
No this is not a video game you need to double the estimate for your time alloted. 3mins is the minimal required but also you need time to lay the stone down and readjust for accuracy. There is no way you can lay a stone at 1 per 3 mins using basic techniques that you describe. More detail is required not in moving the stones but placing them as well.
Just imagine being able to go back 4,000 years in the past and see a timelapse of the Pyramids being built with your own eyes. That's how I feel watching this video, the closest I've felt to believing I know the actual method behind their construction.
Except its most probably wrong
More than 4000 years for quite a few of them
Aliens bro.
mammoths were still there bro they had help . all this to hide an acorn from a Saber-tooth squirrel
@@MrHichammohsen1 You can't just say that. Replace the assertion with "the correct one" if it is. The title was also "proposed", not definite.
I like that it says proposed. It's presenting a possible explanation without criticism or attacks on others postulations in an attempt to further their own career or fame while only trying to reveal truth. Well done sir. Thanks 🙏
It makes a lot of sense to use the same structure you are building on as ramp instead of having a whole external ramp and tons of extra material.
Btw great illustrations, animations and explanation of the maths involved. Great job
These explanations are the closest logical concepts I've seen to being believable. Awesome work.
With the discovery of this new passage way yesterday, they might be close to discovering this internal ramp you're proposing in this video, which btw.. I think you're right about.
They’ve scanned the pyramid and found several voids that line up with the location of the ramp in this video, which further supports this hypothesis.
@@thwingerpodthvet4302 u guys have any good links or channel names to these new findings?
@@DragonzPlay "history for granite" and "ancient architects" jus do a search. There are tunnels under the whole darn complex as well.
Herodotus and the Arabic historians wrote about the pyramids and many legends quite possibly reference them symbolically.
The passage behind the chevron was known for decades its just now they stuck a camera
@@Gvozd111 "Egyptian government stopped this research"
Itr didn't stop at all.
They have been clarifying and improving the accuracy for years.
The fact that the muon tomography was proven accurate is a big mark in favor of non destructive investigation which may prompt the govmt to fund an expanded scanning project which requires bigger sensors and more of them to acquire a higher resolution scan.
Once done with the Great Pyramid they can move on to the Khafre pyramid and all the others after that.
Aight this is straight up the most logical shit I've seen so far. I'm glad history for granite got me into the pyramids just a few weeks ago. These are exiting times!
Your proposal solves a lot of the problems. Let's hope we can get some proper studies done soon!
Die einzige plausible Theorie zum Bau der Pyramide die ich bisher gesehen habe 👍
The most sensible theory that I've heard so far! I really think this is a plausible explanation. The ancient builders weren't stupid, and they would have devised a method that was the quickest, most efficient possible, simple, and produced the least amount of waste. Your hypothesis seems to satisfy those conditions. Bravo to all your hard work!!
The internal ramp idea is brilliant. All previous explanations I have seen proposed an external ramp and cautioned its drawback of using colossal amounts of stone. But there are already such colossal amounts, in the pyramid itself, so a bit of lateral thinking, and you have the internal ramp. It's not like the ancients had to invent all this overnight. They had centuries dedicated to developing their techniques.
That centuries thing isn't really correct.
After all, all the major 4th dynasty pyramid construction was done within less than 150 years.
If the dynastic Egyptians were able to make these then why did they only do it once with no similar projects ever occuring despite the power and population of Egypt increasing exponentially as the centuries went on?
@@georgiafloydsod9644 because their religious beliefs and cultural standards changed.
@@georgiafloydsod9644 Imagine a person in the year 3000 wondering why no one in the 2000s built a pyramid again, if their technology was way more advanced at that point.
They didn't because they didn't want to. Much like us today.
@@georgiafloydsod9644why reinvent the wheel, or rather, why reinvent the pyramids? Empires fall, cultures change, and as centuries and millenia march on they become just as much of marvels as they are today. History isn't just a constant game of oneupsmanship, that's a very modern industrial view of things. They did plenty of impressive stuff in the following centuries. It ain't all about stacking rocks.
We modern peoples didn't make the pyramids again, even though we absolutely could. But we made maglev trains, and have turned grown algae into gasoline and diesel with a nearly closed-loop carbon cycle. We sent people to the moon, multiple times, and we've kept a manned satelite in orbit for decades. We've treated what were once considered terminal diseases in ways unimaginable to previous generations, and eradicated smallpox. We can cure tuburculosis. Not every great work is a monument or a monolith. Not all of them are singular. Not every society needs to build a pyramid. Sometimes it's enough to look at the pyramid and say "wow, people made that and left it for us, that's incredible" instead of taking it as a challenge to make a bigger pile of stones.
Declan, thanks for keeping it real and countering the Myth Industry.
@@boagski what myth is that?
Fun fact there was never any evidence of any mummy's occupying the largest pyramid
I like how its always something scary and malicious hiding in the shadows according to conspiracy theorists. Why not imagine something fun instead?
@@mitchellcouchman1444 Erich von Däniken
I've always felt it a pretty huge insult to the ancient Egyptians to say that aliens must have built it.
@@mitchellcouchman1444 Until we have seen every single possible cavity in the pyramid we cannot know for sure that there are not other chambers still waiting to be explored.
Not to mention that the pyramid was breached 1,200 years ago by a treasure hunting Caliph who was probably not especially respectful of the mummy if he found one there - looters often take out their frustrations on the dead when they do not find mountains of treasure after weeks/months of work to gain entry.
I had always assumed the way to do it would be a longer, shallower ramp, like 1:10, so it's very interesting to see your calculations on the work and friction.
Yes but do you actually think they would use "man-power" to do all this? Horses? water? I just cant see 1200 men pulling ropes to get 80 ton blocks up (in this model)
@@tbrowniscool Yeah, they never have to lift the stones off the ground, so i reckon something like 8 men per tonne could move those stones uphill. Its also worth remembering the majority of sandstone blocks in the pyramid were smaller than 80 tonnes. I remember seeing a video of a load of students moving a giant statue like the Easter island heads, and it showed you can definitely move big stones with the right technique if you work smarter rather than harder, and we know from looking at the pyramids the Egyptian builders were very smart.
@@torbenkramm2725 What specifically is incorrect? You say you are against believing things without evidence so maybe you could explain yourself.
@@tbrowniscool at least 20,000 men helped build the pyramid in the span of 20 years. Also the blocks weighted 2.5 tons on average with only the largest few being between 25-80 tons.
@@PudgyFat source?
You are brilliant man, and just changed my whole view of the pyramids
You should make more videos sir, this is the best video on how the pyramids were made, better than history’s $10 million dollar show, thank you.
One guy applied physics and great amount of simple logic and has solved the mystery alone - I love the internet haha. This is the most plausible explanation ever, construction was enormous but had to be fairly simple - sort of cut and cover.
i finally know how the pyramids were built 😝 great explanation and visualization Declan!
THANK YOU FOR YOUR VIDEO THIS IS ONE OF THE BEST I EVER SAW
This is probably one of the COOLEST things I have every watched on UA-cam, hands down. Love it. An incredible amount of work.
Interesting ideas!
It looks like your proposed internal ramp could line up with the big void above the Grand Gallery detected by the ScanPyramids project...
Exactly what I thought right after I saw that internal ramp idea!
this is pretty good, except the internal "ramp" was actually a tube flooded with water so they could float the blocks up using buoyancy and keep everything level... the man-made canals to do this have already been found nearby with ground radar, and those narrow diagonal "vent shafts" function more like straws for managing internal water pressure.
@@kxkxkxkx doubt that they floated them up, there simply isn't enough space lift up 80 tonnes granite slabs, the amount of air needed to float them is just too much - more likely that aliens did it, than them floating up those blocks
@@kxkxkxkx the pressure at the bottom of this water filled void would be immense and impossible to actually open. Not to mention water tight seals with intense pressure. This isn’t a possibly solution with the technology that they had at the time.
@@kxkxkxkx Ive seen scale models of floating blocks up pipe, they definitely had material to make floats ( animal skins ) the pipe out of timber , they Egypt did have massive trade so Lebanese ceder was available and tar / wax could of sealed, the Nile was near Khufu 2500 BC .
Yes!! Brilliant. This is exactly what I had in my mind too when meditated around the Houdin's theory yesterday. Reconstructing the pyramid with animation course by course helps alot to solve this because it's visible. The visual guide is priceless. I don't think this is the final solution , but we are pretty close. Hopefully new evidence will be found in the coming years and will shine a brighter light on this issue.
This is very well thought-out, and I think I need to watch it at least ten times. The thought that occurred to me as I watched was "I wonder at exactly what point in this process the pharaoh needs to die so the rest could be finished? What would the Pharaoh see as he went about his day-to-day and glanced up at his tomb, completed as far as it could be during his life?" That's a sight I'd like to ponder. This is extremely thought-provoking. Well done.
@@samueldavila2156 I lean towards this idea as well. The unfinished subterranean chamber, then the completed second chamber which is directly below the peak, then the "whoops he's still alive better build an outrageously impressive granite chamber that will baffle engineers for millennia or he'll whip us" lol
I was really surprised when I saw the video. I think it's the simplest and most obvious way to build a pyramid. I love you~~!
I really just wanted to thank you for making this video. This is awsome.
As an architect I like this idea very much. Sounds practcal.
In the beginning it would also be possible to work with more then only one ramp. This saves time.
But I wonder: what happend to the internal galleries / ramps? I see no good way to fill them up solidly. Are there still there? Is there a way to detect them?
The Scan Pyramid project shows an interesting void above the Grand Gallery..
ua-cam.com/video/fOKxqZ3i9Wc/v-deo.html
You could fill it with rubble before closing off the ends, with final large stones positioned on the exterior as shown at 7:54. Rubble could be carried up the exterior by hand without any special methods.
Best explanation I’ve seen yet!
But I’d say this is 1/2 of the problem.
*Aren’t the passages we found in the pyramids really narrow?
*How did they get the rocks cut and transported to the site.
I have one question, at 8:00, how will the workers who closed the entrance get down? If they're able to go down that slope of the pyramid, does this mean the casing stones haven't been placed yet at that stage?
That’s a good question. They obviously have to descend the finished limestone sloped face. They could safely achieve this by using a high friction material to prevent uncontrolled sliding. I could not give a specific example, but they had the opportunity to experiment (obviously at low level) and come up with a suitable / reliable procedure.
Whether right or wrong this is a very thought provoking and worthy presentation - excellent - thank you
You're absolutely right about the passage which was just discovered a week ago.. I guess the passage was just used for the construction... as you explained in the video.. I'm impressed... Well done 👏 this is the most convincing and practical proposed construction of the kufu Pyramid. Sir Best wishes..
Very thoughtful and clear explanations and the sequenced illustrations are some of the best I've seen! As an Architect and Planner I find this type of information captivating and informative! Thanks for posting!
Don’t give this muppet a thumbs up😂 read my comments
This randomly popped up in my recommendations and even though I don't have any expertise or experience in engineering I will say it was an interesting video.
Wow, I had thought exactly that way and I was trying to develop a drawing to show it, but I'm just an artist, I don't understand calculations and physics, I would never have explained it so well, I looked for some mathematician friends, but they didn't take the idea forward, my name is Marlon Delano, I'm Brazilian and I work with art, painting, sculpture, drawing, etc., the ancient world is my great source of inspiration, I really liked the video!
Do you plan to make more content? This is well explained and we'll produced, I'd love to see what else you have in store
I was there 1999, looking at the structure out of a engineering perspective. I am pretty convinced that the Grand Gallery is a part of the hoist system to lift the granite slabs. The portculiss also features a multi pulley system. In the roof of the Grand Gallery there are rails. In the lower end they are chiseled off, like someone has removed equipment. Also there are multiple niches in the floor of the GG that could have been used as blocking notched as the crew had to rest. On top of the GG they have recently found something that looks like a void.
I've been going down the rabbit hole of pyramid construction for only a few months, but some of the proposed techniques are a tad extra. The one where it was proposed that they built a large mario bros. pipe on the side of the pyramid to float the blocks up was excellent in theory, really cool and well thought out, but just way too complicated IMHO for ancient times. I couldn't imagine those brick pipes not blowing out the bottom with literally thousands of tons of water pressure near the bottom. It's also worth noting that much smaller pyramids were constructed numerous times successfully, and I can't imagine that someone would have thought "Oh we'll need to reengineer the entire process in order to move the required stonework into place".
It seems much more plausible that they would have just used previously successful techniques that worked, and refined them.
This method seems so simple and it doesn't feel like it's a complete rethink of how a pyramid would have been done on a smaller scale. Just a natural progression of an ambitious project. When a pharaoh decided he wanted a mega pyramid, I can't imagine they would have "reinvented the wheel" so to speak in order to accomplish the task. I feel like this method would just be a lot of extra work and a grander scale of projects they had completed successfully in the past, and that makes it so much more plausible to me.
I’ve always thought that the floated the stones up using water, a canal from the river then a wall around the entire site , the wall would need to be quite wide at the bottom, and a lock system to move the stones, the dam wall would be removed upon completion of the project!!! I thought of this about 10 or 15 years ago when moving large rocks in a river for some forgotten reason, probably just messing around, but the buoyancy of the rocks clicked a thought in my head which has never gone away, I’m not saying that I’m right but I am saying that it’s possible, anyway …
Peace out from the police state of north Wales 🏴
I still like the 'mario pipe' theory maybe because it has many benefits and simple to explain. I understand it is not as easy to construct as to describe. I like it because it really makes me think outside the box. The method described here in this video is my second favorite.
Watch a video on the VerseByVerseBT UA-cam channel called Ancient Aliens Debunked. It's 3 hours long but there's a section about the Great Pyramid's engineering and internal ramp which you may view at about 22 or 23 minutes in. It's just a 15 minute section. And the video is a decade old. I haven't looked into what's been learned in the past decade.
Disclaimer: Most of the videos on that channel are related to Bible talk. But the AA Debunked video contains none of the Bible talk. So, don't be put off.
@@aishalotter9995 It is possible but it doesn't factor in how much pressure the water would have at those volumes towards the bottom of the shafts. It would be immense. Building any time of structure to accommodate the amount of water needed to float blocks that large would probably be on scale with the pyramids themselves. It's a great idea, but it begs the question, how did they get the blocks up to build the shaft wall that they used to get the blocks up to build the pyramid.
Again it's a cool idea but it's impractical. It solves the idea of how they raised the blocks to build the pyramids with the question of how they raised the blocks to build the water pipe, except it doesn't seem to explain how the bottom of the shaft would be able to withstand the pressure of all the water on top pushing down at the base of the shaft.
@@awfullufwa Thank you for the reference to Ancient Aliens Debunked !
Great work, totally consistent with muon scan. The only question is: how did they put in place the pyramidion?
Most convincing theory I've seen.
Yeah, but we have a 3D render of how it was done in this video. The scale of the workers is about 6 times larger than the real scale. Imagine explaining this plan to slaves with chisels, then it all working flawlessly? No way the great pyramid was made with man power and basic tech.
then you have to watch that video where they make water tunnels up to the top! (*irony)
@@tbrowniscool
Yes bro
Granit cant be cut with such precision without power tools.
And they couldn't build those piramides with just man power
@@tbrowniscool
Try to put an 80 ton block of granite in an underground tunnel
Like in the serapeum
Did you see the serapeum and it's 24 box of granite???
First it cant be cut with simple tools.
It was made with high accuracy imagine that the inside angles are perfect 90.000° polished to reflect light like smooth mirror surfaces.
Things that can be made only by high tech machinery.
No one can imagine how it's possible to transport 80ton block of granite inside an underground tunnel and placed in rooms that are one meter of the level of the tunnel.
@@tbrowniscool They had much more than chisels lol.
Lovely. I can absolutley see it being done this way. Makes sense and is a completley valid and possible way of construction.The only thing i would add is i expect aditional chambers to be discovered above for the sole reason that it looks like a ton of unused space.And in my mind someone/a team of people that can come up and coordinate such a project wont leave it unused lol.
Seems more probable than an spiral internal ramp. This method also allows clear sighting down the sides to ensure the pyramid does not go out of alignment as construction nears the top.
Mystery solved. Best explanation I've seen.
You might be onto something with your theory. I'm going to bookmark this video and come back a few years later.
For a first video on the channel the quality is top-notch
Makes perfect sense to me. The north face corridor behind the chevrons has recently been confirmed, and History For Granite has made a great video detailing how there is likely even more back-filled passage behind the back wall of the corridor. He theorizes that it would have led horizontally to meet up with the Queen's chamber corridor as an access point for workers, but I think it's much more likely that it slopes up to meet the larger void in the middle of the pyramid which perhaps wasn't totally backfilled for some reason.
while this is cool and all i don't think this would work. For one thing with the number of stones that needed to be moved one single ramp that can only fit one stone at a time would take too long. Also wouldn't the ramps inside be much to narrow for many of the stones, especially the cap stone? Also have any of the pulleys that he is describing been found?
@@Smorb42you should rewatch. Multiple Stones can be pulled up internally at the same time.
There is to this day no prove of a cap stone. It is commen believe but there is no evidence for a Single large cap stone.
@@KeVIn-pm7pu no evidence of capstones? than what are these? en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_pyramidia
@@Smorb42 the capstone of this pyramid is still debated. But however, in that wikipedia link you can see, that the capstone wasn't very large, therefore would easily fit through those internal ramps.
@@pablomachine2607 exactly. Cap stone small enough to fit inside my computer screen, why wouldnt it fit the ramp?
Best construction theory I have seen to date! Good job!
Thanks. When building my next pyramid I'll consider this
I request more videos by you. Loved it!!!
Very very well thought out, I appreciate watching a video about building techniques of the pyramid with out calling for some lost technology given to the Egyptians by Aliens
Amazing video and great animation brother
Some great theroies! They must have had some amazing engineers to move those stones 500miles from the quarries and then lift and position them with such precision.
I’ve always heard that the stones were moved by barges on the Nile to arrive at the build site. Seems the most reasonable way to get them there.
I am very impressed by the video and watched it a few times. Just one question re the Grand Gallery: Why is it that big instead of the size of the shaft leading to it? Am I missing a point? Does the video explain it somewhere?
The grand gallery is still an enigma, however, the tunnel leading to it was blocked by 3 granite plugs once access to the Kings chamber was no longer required and these plugs were stored in the grand gallery during construction as they needed to be slide into place from a higher elevation.
Very impressive, and straight engineering simplified as much as possible even considering work flow and scheduling. Read Houdins book when it first came out and was very impressed with spiral ramp theory although it's a bit complex. The chevron chamber and space above grand gallery really lend some credence to this theory. Although muon detectors aren't perfect and can miss alot, such as smaller corridors there's evidence they may have backfilled voids with compressed sand which would further obscure them.
Radar probing from upper kings chamber arch lintels might detect gallery over the short distances its usefull as well as limited drilling. Also muon detectors in upper kings chamber voids, but in particular at entrance chevron oriented back toward king chamber. A long shaft would show of very brightly. Probes and maybe radar at upper corridor end coverings. Really like what you've done here!
Don’t know much about the subject, but my imagination makes me think that maybe the Bent pyramid was result of using spiral ramps beyond the critical point where an internal ram was needed. This could explain why the slope suddenly becomes shallower - as to support an external spiral ramp for construction. In this context an internal ramp seems like a logical next step.
The fact the Great Pyramid has made it this many years without being disassembled blows my mind.
This makes a thousand times more sense than what the Egyptian ministry and Zahi Hawass are trying to teach us.
Which is?..
nice but how much rehaersal have they made to plan this ? no way you come up to it from scratch
analysis is so clever.. animations are simple but demonstrates the idea clearly
I've been loosing sleep over the construction of these pyramids......... I thought there would be some kind insane explanation to these........ But awesome work my guy
That’s the most logical explanation and analysis I’ve ever seen which really does answer the question of how it was most probably built. Thanks for answering that long standing question we all had.
Great video! This makes a lot of sense. I theorise that they also used a system of gears and pulleys to increase the torque when pulling up the stones, allowing them to be pulled up by smaller teams.
I’ve watched many speculative pyramid construction videos, but after watching this video, I came to the conclusion that Declan has it very close to, if not absolutely right. Furthermore, I thought of something else, and what I thought of virtually necessitates that construction proceed in the manner he outlines. Here’s the additional information that helps solidify his theory …
In order to assure that the four corners terminate in a single point at the apex, you must affix most of the outer casing stones as you complete each layer. You must verify that each corner is precisely 90 degrees, that the distance between each corner is exactly the same, and as you proceed upward, that the slope of each corner is identical.
An inner core can be built first, followed by the outside layers, with a fourth side left uncompleted, or only partially completed (as he depicts), to facilitate construction. But the important part is this -- as you build upwards, you must complete at least 3 sides of the pyramid, as well as all four corners (including the casing stones) for each layer. And you must verify that each layer has 90-degree corners, which are equidistant and have the same slope.
If all this is done properly, when you get to within 10-20 feet of the top, you should have a flat, level, square surface, whose four sides are parallel to the sides of the pyramid at the base. But if you get it wrong, you will end up with a landing that is not parallel to the base, and is not square - meaning it will be either a twisted or rotated square, a rectangle, a parallelogram, a rhombus, a trapezoid, or an irregular quadrilateral.
One last thing. I went to Egypt in 2016, and as part of the trip I visited the pyramid at Saqqara. They were repairing it (i.e. replacing stones that had fallen), and had massive wooden scaffolding affixed to two sides of the pyramid from the base to the top. The wood was very old and looked like it had been used many times. Meaning … there’s a very good chance they also used this same technique 4,000 years ago.
Great theory:
A small question for clarity: Is it necessary that the turning platform (85m) ist at the outside of the pyramid? I would guess they could turn also inside the pyramid.
This would mean that the upper chevrons might not be shortly beneath the surface … and not finding them would not disprove your theory.
fascinating and pretty convincing, how much time and work did it take to work this out?
Many months of thinking and analysing possibilities and many months of AutoCAD + MS Excel. Overall, it took 3 years but last the year was spent re-doing the AutoCAD drawings as every minor change meant re-doing hundreds of drawings. The entire animation is just a sequence of thousands of individual drawings imported into a movie editing program.
@@declanpurcell571 Hi Declan, Im an artist who makes public sculptures. We use grasshopper a 3D parametric plug in for Rhino. The great thing about it is every drawing can be set to automatically update as you change the model, but you may already be doing that? Anyway I love your hypothesis, it's brilliant. Hows it going down with Egyptologists?
@@declanpurcell571 this is a masterpiece.
This is very interesting and part of this hypothesis is very similar to Jean Pierre Houdin's theory for the function of the Grand Gallery, also, it would explain the "big void" found above it.
The only problem I have with all these explanations on how the Great Pyramid was constructed is that the pyramid of Khafre is almost as big and, as far as e know, there are no internal ramps like the Grand Gallery inside it. So how that one was built?
Good Point…
Jean Pierre Houdin's theory requires a low angle internal spiral ramp (which is not practical) and the grand gallery as a construction device.
My theory requires a two-stage internal ramp with just one turn, which is facilitated via the staging platform.
Also, I do not require the grand gallery for construction purposes, therefore my theory also applies to the construction of Khafre’s pyramid.
The problem with the mystery of how pyramids were built was that it was always attempted to be answered by historians and not engineers. Here we have an engineer who applied physics to explain why steep ramp was used and a simple, yet effective construction method that makes a TOTAL sense and it is pretty much proven now by the discovery of the internal ramp. Internal ramp clearly explains the position of every chamber. Simply wow Sir
Very good. Fast paced, I had to watch twice! Thanks!
I love this video. I've had fireside debates with friends on how it could have been done, with admittedly diminishing ties to reality as the night wore on.
A few thoughts, one being that two men could lift a 100kg block up a ramp, if steps are beside it, they could then counterweight a 200kg rock with themselves and the 100kg rock. Repeat with increasing stone size and extra men for support, combine with levered assistance ratcheting the stone upwards, and doing it in stages.
The other being that appropriately sized logs fitting into the step tread actually forms a ramp, and incidentally gives you a way to stand up your stone. Go higher, remove log, lower to step, and raise from there. Even allowing you to rotate the "exit logs" perpendicularly, so you can move the stone off the main ramp to where you need it.
Anyway, love your train of thought.
Sounds interesting too.
I love that this is your first video. Bravo.
This is the best theory I have seen, and cool video. Thanks
ua-cam.com/video/aSNMYf_lBSU/v-deo.html
Fascinating. I must admit I started watching to poke holes, but walked away genuinely intrigued.
This engineering presentation is incredible! Well done.
I'll second you on the incredible part! ;)
Excellent hypothesis, very well used the term "techniques" instead of technologies, many of your ideas had also gone around my head, I see that there are many thinking about the same thing, I am sure that your video will be a turning point between the hypotheses evidence of how this enigmatic monument could have been built. Congratulations on your work, subscribed.
I don’t know how accurate this is but MAN that’s a lot of thought and work and it’s very clearly illustrated 👌
Very impressed with amount of work put into this video resulting in some very convincing answers to how pyramids were constructed. Now for that pesky question on how they cut the blocks with the primitive tools available?
And if they only had primitive tools, how was their level of engineering so advanced to the point that we need modern computers to model out how they even did it? So fascinating to think about
I’d guess that stone splitting could’ve been used to do a lot of the cutting work
keep posting, what are you doing, this was brilliant
Wait I have a massive problem, how do aliens come into this theory?
JK this is amazing. Your solutions are some of the best, no actually THE best I think I've seen so far. Especially the "we dont know when the emperor will die so lets make multiple burial chambers as we build just in case" that explains the unfinished below bedrock chamber the "queens chamber" and ultimately the most impressive part of the entire structure the "kings chamber" where Khufu was eventually interred. This also gives more clout to the theory that he reigned for possibly the longest of the kings around that time.
cool. wonder if theres is data on the average size of rock was you go up. Maybe see a sharp cutoff drop at the point where the turnaround has to be enclosed. and maybe again at the line where they gotta pull them directly up the sides.
There is data, a Japanese team did a 3D lazer scan of the areas where you can see the internal blocks (at the the top and in the niche on the corner), not the muon scan but a simple laser scan to get accurate representations of the blocks. The blocks they could see were all relatively small, and interestingly all different sizes and shapes. There is a video on UA-cam somewhere but I couldn't find it to link because of all the Muon Scan videos!
Its funny the older I get the more amazing those structures become
100% agree
This feels primed for virality. Spectacular.
If you had a greased ramp you could use a pulley at the top and a sled of logs. The logs would reduce the contact patch with the ground if they were tied such that the logs went vertical up the slope, like ribs going in the travel direction. I think this would help with the massive friction. And the objection about needing a huge ramp that takes as much material as the pyramid is overcome if the pyramid is also the ramp! Pretty ingenious. I hope the scan project reveals supporting structures to this theory.
I think contact patch does not matter for friction. Because you will increase the pressure on that smaller patch. Only weight matters.
@@jojojo9240 you are right that the amount of friction would be the same but I think the stiction would be far less than if you had a flat dressed stone against a flat inclined plane. But I could be wrong
Brilliant,I've been working on a hypothetical method for some time,that the pyramid was built as a three sided structure,using the increasing height as the ramp, before filling out the 4th side
Excellent video. I like how this theory also explains why the internal ramps would be there instead of contradicting their existence. Curious if all of the mega blocks that were used would have fit inside those chamber ramps. It seems like maybe some of them would not.
Thanks!
As shown in the video, the mega blocks are raised before the internal ramp is enclosed..
@@declanpurcell571 sorry, I must not have paid close enough attention to that part. But that would likely have to be how they did it. Now if we can just get a better quarrying theory than banging round dolomite balls.
@@ocrun6765 Completely! I think that is one of the most interesting questions regarding old world megalithic structures around the world, whether that's in south america and their precise geometry shown in "Incan" structures or in middle eastern areas!
@@ocrun6765they also used fire. Not sure why you would need a better one when it works.
@@ocrun6765 dolerite
Thank you for presenting a video that does not rely on alien intervention lost civilizations or supernatural interactions. The reality (as shown in your video) Is very smart people with lots of experience and time were responsible for these amazing buildings!!!
What? It’s not aliens? Lol!
@@russelledwards001 I wish it was aliens cause then I can ask them why did they travel across interstellar distances. To teach us to do something we were already really good at doing lol
Fantastic video, curious what you think about the passage they found today behind the entrance chevrons? Also the void above the grand gallery gives this theory credit, but why leave a void there and not fill it in? Just more structural support?
Good work
That passage or corridor was found years ago on radar. And they already said years ago it’s simply to disperse weight pushing down over the open entrance.
@@MrSmid888 but why would you need an enterance if it doesnt lead somewhere?
@@johndavid3114 it’s where water entered. Which led to the first chamber.
It's part of a second passage system. The chevrons are overkill for the small descending passage as he pointed out in this video.
There has been a void detected behind the East wall of the Queen's chamber, behind curious non-load-bearing stones. Also in the King's chamber on the East wall, there is a similar non-load-bearing stone. It lends credence to the theory of a 'royal circuit' passage used during the actual burial ceremonies.
The grand gallery was a counterweight corridor & maintenance entrance before it was plugged with the remaining red granite ballast blocks.
Houdin's theories are by far the most plausible.
That was a great video! Thanks for sharing your idea and including so many useful visuals.
Very interesting!
One thing I wonder about raising the stones along the ramp.... Basically, the men are shown standing still and either pull the stone up directly or through the use of a pully. (indeed, the addition of lubrication is a bonus). But, imagine that instead of manually "pulling" all the men are asked to grab the rope and jump down a step. Their combined weight would go a long way to lifting the stone.
HEAVIEST Stone weight = 80000 kg. (as per Wiki) Avg. man weight = 60 kg (small man)
This means that with 1,333 men, you have equalized the weight of the stone. (this is for the heaviest stone, not the average).
Thus, if all men were to jump down a step, the stone must raise a step and the only thing each man must do is support his own weight.
Indeed using a pulley system you can divide that number of men by two.
So, imagine....all men hold onto a rope and walk down. As a man reaches the bottom, he lets go of the rope and heads back up to grab the rope again and keep walking down. This way, the stone rises steadily (like in an elevator) without interruption. No yanking or pulling all at once.
Just a thought.
Cool ideas. Very flexible approaches considered. Good engineering.
Probably the best explanation I've seen! Good work, well done :)
Edit: How interesting!!! At 8:41 the pyramid resembles the Pyramid of the Sun in Mexico, with it's large steps. Makes me wonder if the Mexican pyramids are actually unfinished and where originally intended to look more like the Egyptian pyramids. Fascinating stuff!
Exactly…
It is my opinion (and yes I know the saw about opinions) that the pyramids built in Mesoamerica were not intended to to look like the ones in Eqypt. First the ones in Mesoamerica do not all have square bases. Second most of the pyramids built in Mesoamerica have much steeper side angles. Thirdly evidence has shown that many of the Mesoamerica pyramids were built in stages. A smaller structure then buired as the core of a larger structure. Forthly the existence of ceremonial structures at the top of the pyarimds for religious purposes. As to the massive Pyramids in Mexico they have a shallower side angle. Plus there is the presence of the staircases built into the sides of the Pyramids.
@@mpetersen6 I mean the pyramid of the sun ec. not Aztec and exactly cause of the staircases for me there are similarities. They didn’t finish and thought „hey doesn’t look so bad, let’s make the stairs more nice and that’s it“ :)
@@mpetersen6 The Great Pyramid actually has 9 sides, if you count the base. There does not seem to be a commonality between all the pyramids of the world, other than the fact they are tall and have water flowing underneath.
This comes closer than most anything I've seen to matching the best and most basic theory on how the stones were raised up the side of the pyramid - what if they were RAISED UP THE SIDE OF THE PYRAMID? (With a carriage on a ramp going up, assisted by a carriage on a ramp next to it, going down, both connected to ropes on a pulley system anchored up top. The steeper the angle, the closer to the full utility of the counter weight. With this most basic method anyone who walked up the pyramid would have a free ride down, along with the waste.)
I liked this video because it demystifies the pyramids, which is appropriate. Some of the methods depicted might align with parts of the construction which makes the video very worthwhile.
Absolutely brilliant, well thought out. Thank you!
this is absolutly fascinating!!! I wonder if the scan piramid project will uncover some of this hidden tunnels!!
Very interesting and very well done! Although we will never know exactly how it was constructed, this is certainly a very good hypothesis! Excellent graphics! I enjoyed it!
I like this. Seems to jive with the newly discovered voids and it's easily testable - just need to check for chevrons on the south side.
I really do believe 5here did build canals going right up to the Pyramid and later lost to time and winds and haven't 5here just found a void next to the Kings chamber that could be your ramp.
Adding a clock to the construction animation, ticking off the years would be very interesting
Great ideas and animation. Thanks for sharing.
Very smart theory and well explained. Thanks a lot for sharing.