How To Make Stem Cells | Yamanaka Factors
Вставка
- Опубліковано 15 чер 2019
- Subscribe for more awesome biomedical research: bit.ly/2SRMqhC
Today, we talk about stem cells and how we can convert differentiated body cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) by using the Yamanaka factors. Stem cells are special types of cells which have the capacity to self-renew and the ability to generate differentiated cells. Differentiation is the process in which stem cells specialise (eg they become a neuron). In other words, stem cell differentiation means that the potency of a cell becomes more restricted.
There are embryonic and adult stem cells. While embryonic stem cells are mostly pluripotent (can become nearly all existing cell types), adult stem cells are multipotent, oligopotent or unipotent. Hematopoietic stem cells are multipotent stem cells, as they give rise to all kind of cells in our blood.
For decades scientists thought that differentiated cells cannot be reprogrammed into stem cells. This paradigm however shifted when Shinya Yamanaka identified and activated the Yamanaka factors in fibroblasts (Yamanaka factors are the four genes Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc). In his experiments, Yamanaka infected murine cells with viral particles which contained the Yamanaka factors. As a consequence, the differentiated cells became induced pluripotent stem cells. For the generation of iPS cells by the usage of Yamanaka factors, Shinya Yamanaka was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012.
There are numerous possible applications for iPS cell technology (using Yamanaka factors). We can use iPS cells to generate tissues or organs for organ transplantations. In Germany for example, the annual number of post-mortem organ donations in Germany has declined by more than 30% since 2010.
One major drawback of using iPS cells, however, is the risk of provoking cancer in the patient. Many of the genes, which are active in stem cells through Yamanaka factors are also active in cancer cells. Therefore, scientists are trying to develop safer protocols for the generation of stem cells (which partially include Yamanaka factors).
In 2014, the first clinical study using human iPS cells products was launched. Here, iPS cells were generated from a patient who suffered from macular degeneration. These iPS cells were then transformed into retinal pigment epithelial cells and transplanted into the eyes of the patient. The therapy has resulted in positive results, stopping macular degeneration and improving the vision of the patient. Further studies need to be conducted in order to start the era of iPS cells based transplanation.
For your further research:
Takahashi, K., & Yamanaka, S. (2006). Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors. cell, 126(4), 663-676.
Hamazaki, T., El Rouby, N., Fredette, N. C., Santostefano, K. E., & Terada, N. (2017). Concise review: induced pluripotent stem cell research in the era of precision medicine. Stem Cells, 35(3), 545-550.
Shi, Y., Inoue, H., Wu, J. C., & Yamanaka, S. (2017). Induced pluripotent stem cell technology: a decade of progress. Nature reviews Drug discovery, 16(2), 115.
Music:
Intro:
Light Sting by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/
Transitions:
Light Thought var 3 by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Artist: incompetech.com/
Images:
"Shinya Yamanaka" by Rubenstein, CC BY 2.0
"NIH 3T3" by SubtleGuest, CC BY 2.5
"Medical students" by Sydney Uni, CC BY 2.0
"Shinya Yamanaka - Nobel Lecture" by © The Nobel Foundation
"Stem Cells" by Amoeba Sisters, www.amoebasisters.com/
"Muscle Tissue" by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
"Neuron" by RobinH, CC BY-SA 3.0
"Hematopoiesis" by A. Rad and Mikael Häggström, CC BY-SA 3.0
"Brain" by _DJ_, CC BY 2.0
"Nobel Prize" by Royal Karolinka Institute, CC BY 2.0
"Cell" by domdomegg, CC BY 4.0
"DNA" by Sponk, CC BY-SA 3.0
"Retrovirus" by T Splettstoesser, CC BY-SA 4.0
About Clemens Steinek:
CLEMENS STEINEK is a postgraduate student/youtuber (LifeLabLearner) who is currently conducting stem cell research in Germany.
Honestly, just read a book about epigenetic and got curious about stem cell. Without too much understanding in gene and biology I found your video, super clear and thank you sooo much!
Ive been aware that University of Pennsylvania has been successful at regenerating teeth in humans already,although problems arose with the teeth growing in sideways and such. But they havent seemed to have that same problem with rats. I want to put my name down ,right after the rats. Also,,,the guy who comes up with successful hair stem cell therapy will be a billionaire.
Vanity rules
To me, science is able to change issues of life for the best.Even world mind set for the positive.The presented staff is just phenomenal.Keep the best minds up folks!
Tarek El-Bialy a orthodontist in
Canada has done research with low level ultrasound in growing teeth. This is in Edmonton Alberta Canada. His practice is called: Sphinx Orthodontics. I think the stem cells will just be the main focus but interesting on how the ultrasound works.
@@tselisoncholu7914 o
For hair growth look into Sunetics Laser. No pain, ZERO side effects, they claim! I’m sure there are others…
This is great news and wanted to share I’m a type 1 juvenile diabetic since I was 28 yo. I’m 53 now but in Nov of 2021 the optometrist showed me unconfirmed but close of beginning stages of macular degeneration. So what I tried as a experiment and eaten close to 300 squid eyes raw. I’m over in MAINE of the USA and these squid are at biggest 2 feet long and most were half that size. So I had a follow up eye exam and I hypothesized thinking that a squid can see colors at night. Well I presumed their vision must be superior to ours in this regard and in April of 2022 had another optometrist visit with no signs whatsoever or NO beginning stages of macular degeneration. In Wisconsin of the USA I found out later that they are doing research about squid eyes and the researchers were noticing eye diseases are getting better. I had my eyes checked again this year and no signs of anything. I didn’t eat as many raw squid eyes because I didn’t catch many squid but I freeze them when I do get them.
I eat mostly raw everything like raw meat,eggs,fish,seafood and have raw dairy.
Wow!
Awesome news! I am so happy for you😊❤
Thanks for the great information and presentation. You are a very good communicator and I understood all you have said as a layperson. It is very exciting!
Thank you for the information. I found it very interesting. And, I would be very interested in a video on organ generation, via stem cell.
Very interesting! I am older & wish that when I was younger they had more published information on these topics, I would have went into this field. I am a science junky! Maybe when they reverse aging they can make me younger & I can just do it. For now I will enjoy your videos!!
such a discovery would NEVER see the light of day, it would be worth Billions, and only the super rich could pay for it. If this tech became common place, it would destroy the planet, because of the idea that death was avoidable, people would be reckless, all the worst parts of the human nature would come out, no consequences for bad behavior ! and then even overpopulation etc.
Thanks for sharing this knowledge.
Fantastic lecture! Thank you sir.
iPS cells are junks. Stem cell therapy is to help endogenous adult stem cells to
clear away so-called inhibitory molecules so that its regenerative potentials can
be triggered for regeneration. Autologous and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation
both are wrong.
Hello. Thank you for sharing. I would be interested in hearing/seeing more about the eye surgery, introducing stem cells to improve vision.
Please do something on stemcells regenerating & regrowing teeth thanks..
Great news that, 'we don't need to sacrifice embryos.' New sub, glad I found your channel.
So much potential with your channel man I love your content
Thank you that's really great to hear!
iPS cells are junks. Stem cell therapy is to help endogenous adult stem cells to
clear away so-called inhibitory molecules so that its regenerative potentials can
be triggered for regeneration. Autologous and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation
both are wrong.
This is absolutely fascinating topic. Yes I'm definitely interested to know more. Can you please tell me where can I get valid resources to gain more knowledge in this topic. This could be great help to me cos I would like to dive deep and improve my knowledge in this field
Thank you
Thank-you for uploading
Thanks a million, glad to be alive
Thanks immensely. I have been interested in adult stem cells therapy but inhibited by the oncogenic possibility but you have elucidated this. I'm interested in T2DM treatment with stem cells to regenerate pancreatic cells
We need more of thls kind of research information and it certainly is welcomed by the
interested public!
Do you think if we pumped new stem cells into Joe Biden, he would be more alert?
I needs more of this information
Awesome! Thank you!
Thanks for sharing.
This is really interesting per se and to me. I thanks for the efforts. I wonder if there is some progress on kidney's (re)generation from stem cells. I will search your channel and the referenced papers, I guess.
Really really interested in organ growth from iPSC’s; thanks for this video, it’s great!
Fascinating information
Nice to see this new video!
Thank you, really appreciate it!
I think the main area people want to know how this discovery can be applied to is the area of slowing down and reversing the aging process. If you could do a video on that it would be amazing. Great channel!
What you talking about is Telomerase..that's what extends your life by lengthening it if you eat healthy and exercise and manage stress..longer Telomeres=longer life
@@toxichammertoe8696 how can I get the sremcell to cure my macular degeneration at the age of 95?
@@toxichammertoe8696 the prosess of aging is a multifacated topic. Telomerase integrity is only one of the factors we believe can increase life span. Other facors are super-oxides accumulating in the cells, or the so called free radical theory of aging. Yamanaka factors have a direct inpact on the cells development and cycle, and is thus being researched as a possible resource for slowing down age.
Very interesting video, thanks, I would be interested in how we can overcome Diabetes through the stem cell research. Thanks
Would love more in how to create stem cells to heal. I have cataracts, my daughter has cancer. We believe in healing but so far everything we have tried has failed to procure results.
Prolonged fasting, with breaking it the proper way in a timely manner with the right nutritional dense food void of all unhealthy oils, sugars & chemicals being the most important part of fasting.
2 natural healing methods,---- Spring Forest Qigong by Chunyi Lin and the other method is Quantum Touch 2.0 The New Human by Richard Gordon. I've used both methods and produced MARVELOUS results ! Put the time in reading and practicing the methods and if you are dedicated --- there's a good probability you will heal and move on. God bless you and yours, namaste.
Stop eating sugar in any form, cancer cells grow with glucose
Have you tried Cannabis oil?
@@lewisb3483 yes definitely, this has been shown to do amazing things...
Obviously, this is a great thing for creating new cells of many types… But I'm excited for the possibility of creating new growth of cells associated with the nervous system; the nerves and the brain. There are a lot of diseases that cause damage to those, that leave people with a lot of disabilities, neurological and physical. And one of the problems in implanted cybernetics is keeping the nerve tissue at the interface site, healthy.
iPS cells are junks. Stem cell therapy is to help endogenous adult stem cells to
clear away so-called inhibitory molecules so that its regenerative potentials can
be triggered for regeneration. Autologous and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation
both are wrong.
I resonate!
Would love to see spinal bones to remodel minus spurs and stenosis which puts pressure on literally all the nerves outside of the head.
THANKYOU
TQ, This Video Was Great And I Would Welcome On This Informative Topic More And More, Gentleman Thanks Once Again
Great information 🔥
Thank you for such a clear and concise explanation of this important topic! I am extremely interested in the exploration of stem cell regeneration of hair cells and other components in the ear which facilitate hearing. My son has bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. It has been a fervent hope (he is now 31 years old) that one day in his lifetime it would be possible for normal hearing to be restored. Would you kindly comment on this and, if possible, provide any pertinent links to such research that may be ongoing at this time? My most heartfelt gratitude! ☺️🙏🏼
You can try cochlear implant cheap in india
Great video!
Glad I stumbled upon this.
Happy you found it interesting & welcome to this channel!
@@Sciencerely 0
What about teeth regeneration
Danke für das super Video! Sie machen mein Referat gerade um Welten besser :)
U deserve more subs
I hope one day you will
Most interesting...!
Great topic! ☘️☘️☘️☘️☘️
I wll apply this.
Love it 🔥
Very good video. But could it be possible to do a question follow-up in comments? Kind could help your listeners get some answers that are common to all, but after reading unanswered comments, just go on elsewhere. Thank you & continue good videos. Cheers :)
C-Myc and Ras was two oncogenics factors. Then I was Young! very much things are changing.
Enormous potential for synthetic biology as well
Thanq for the information.plz make a video kindly how cancer cell differs from stem cells in their epigenetic regulation.
I can't see the link to original paper in the description, can you send it please
Great.
Can you review x39 Lifeway patch and if Breath work like Wim Hof can induce stem cells? Thank you
I'd definitely be interested in a video talking about growing organs!
Cool, already planning it!
@@Sciencerely I would very much like to hear a lecture about how this tech can be used to help renew eyesight and get rid of cataracts. I recently came across an ad that claims, using Yamanaka's discovery of adding the Yamanaka factors as nutrients in a supplement that also contains the most high quality possible forms of zeaxanthin, astaxanthin and lutein, one's own body will start producing stem cells which will change into whatever cells are needed to heal the eyes to get rid of cataracts as well as any other repairs, for instance to replace damaged heart tissue in the heart in someone with weak heart,
heart failure, which younger bodies automatically do because their bodies produce a lot of stem cells that transform into whatever cells are needed to do needed repairs anywhere in the body so that taking this supplement will not only heal the eyes and restore eyesight, but de-age the whole body making repairs all over the way young bodies do, or the way salamanders do at any age. Can you ask Yamanaka himself if he thinks this is possible, may become possible, or can only be done in a case by case way, involving manipulation in a laboratory, of a person's skin cells, and then transplanting their own cells reverted into stem cells, into their eyes or whatever part of the body needs healing and then the body transforms those stem cells into whatever cells are needed. Also, when these stem cells are introduced into the body, do they automatically start replicating and travel where ever needed in the body and automatically dodo any repairs needed anywhere? Is this idea that the Yamanaka factors can be added to a supplement impossible or not yet possuble?
Length or girth preferably both
@@Sciencerely. I’m stage four lung cancer and I’m on. KEYTRUDA .. WHERE DID THE STEM CELLS COME FROM? DID IT COME FROM ABORTED FETUS FETUS IS AND THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME. ..
Could you make a video on DMA and Stem cells
Hi dr, am suffering from ischemic brain stroke paralysis since 7years and my arm and leg is not working properly. Stem cells produce through fasting related videos topic please sir God bless you 🙏
I love your videos, this is so interesting, I hope this channel blows up! (on Subs)
Thank you very much, I really appreciate your support!
Yes this is the first video I have seen and I'm really digging it. Feel like this channel may have quiet a 'potential' ;)
I am interested in the new topics.
The implications from making stem cells has an infinite number of possibilities, ranging from the elucidation of mechanisms linked to genetic diseases to modeling our neurodevelopmental processes. Furthermore, the way that the four transcription factors work may be able to reverse aging or at the very least induce neurogenesis. The optic nerve has been able to grow back in some trials with rats who went blind. Understanding these multifaceted process will lead to a convergence of science capable of answering humanity’s most pressing question of what, precisely, life can be characterized by on a molecular basis.
Clemens,
My mom is 86 and has Macular Degeneration. She can no longer use one eye.
I wish stemcell therapy is more common for all issues.
A few years ago someone told me she stem cell therapy successfully eliminated her skin problem.
Rose 🌹🙏
when your body makes a stem cell, and when there is damaged part in your body, how does the stem cell find that damaged part and moves there to fix it?
I think I read some where, that the injured cells send a certain kinda signal, so as the stem cells circulating in our vessels through out the body sense the signal from those specific areas with damaged cells and so they rush to there where the organs need repairs the most
I was looking for self application
Great information video. Is it possible you could do a video regarding stem cell and lung disease and the possibilities for cure of these diseases with stem cells?
Yes, I am really interested to know the ways to use Stem Cells into desired differentiated cells.
New subscriber came from pbs eon
how i can get mesopic cell therapy for regeneration of my old aged neurological tissues,some refrences of institutes practices in india .
i like your accent, it makes your voice interesting to listen to ;)
Thank you! Others have said that science sounds more dramatic with my German accent haha
Where does one go to become an expert on modern stem cell treatments and findings?
I believe cupping also summons the healing cells in your body
Informative video. It will be nice to know the possibility of using stem cells to make pancreatic Beta Cells. This can help all type 1 and other diabetics.
Just noticed a video on your site on Beta Cells - I will check it out. Thanks.
Can stem cells be applied to polio (one leg only) survivors?
Here before 100,000 subs.
Happy you found my channel!
Subscribed 🙂
I am suffering from visual impairment caused by Macular Degeneration ( I've been told this was caused by my Diabetes, now largely under control, with insulin and diet control ). I'd love to know more about Stem Cell therapy for (or other ways to reverse) my Macular Degeneration. Thanks in advance.
I think stem cell therapy might be the only option, the retinal cells do not grow back once they are detached and die, but, with this technology, there is hope !
What's the possibility of regenerating the hypothalamus and pituitary gland using the stem cells therapy.
Ah the liver one of the only properly regenerating organs, cut off half, and it'll regrow!
Unbelievable right? It even only needs about 25% of cells to grow back to its full size!
Yeah drink and make merry 😀
Where is the link of that publication...I didn't find it.
Hey! Sorry for my delayed response your comment was unfortunately marked as "held for review" (I guess because you wrote the word "link" and the algorithm has learned that a lot of spam bots use this word). The original publication is called "Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors". The best thing would be to google the title then you'll will find the original article!
How can learn more about this I do suffer of maluca degeneration
could you make video how we can change our damage genes? 🤩
Can we imagine that stem cells could help eventually reduce the damage done to the glomerulae in the presence of CKD(chronic kidney disease) or is it too far fetch at the moment
Its already being done in other countries
Hey, could u also make a video on effectiveness of stem cells derived from bone marrow for Autistic children.....Kindly note I am specifically requesting for Adult stem cells ( MSCs) derived from bone marrow and not umbilical cord....tnx mate
Now we know why the psychopaths want abortions up to birth!
@Sciencerely can one help ourselves grow more stem cells, if so how, foods? supplement? I don't know how to use my skin to do so. thanks
Amazing! Great video!
However, one thing I don't fathom is the process of altering genes and even sequencing them in the first place to get raw gene data.
Are DNA's passed through a piece of machinery similar to that of cells to be decoded? If yes, what that machine is and how it decodes data and feeds them into the computer? If not, how is it then?
And how they modify genes and inject them into living cells?
Could you please do a video on that?
Again thanks for your awesome videos!
I went to give you an answer. Typed it all out. Then, I realized the methodology has changed a lot in the past twen... Little more the fifteen-ish years I have been outside the field of genetic engineering.
Just search for "CRISPER"
There might even be a tutorial on youtube for "biohacking" yeast.
And. Grief. When did this become a hobby? Thats scary.
Love this! Could you do a video on junk DNA :)
Great idea, i'll definitely cover that in the nearer future!
@@Sciencerely I would very much like to hear a lecture about how this tech can be used to help renew eyesight and get rid of cataracts. I recently came across an ad that claims, using Yamanaka's discovery of adding the Yamanaka factors as nutrients inn a supplement that also contains the most high quality possible forms of zeaxanthin, astaxanthin and lutein, one's own body will start producing stem cells which will change into whatever cells are needed to heal the eyes to get rid of cataracts as well as any other repairs, for instance to replace damaged heart tissue in the heart in someone with weak heart,
heart failure, which younger bodies automatically do because their bodies produce a lot of stem cells that transform into whatever cells are needed to do needed repairs anywhere in the body so that taking this supplement will not only heal the eyes and restore eyesight, but de-age the whole body making repairs all over the way young bodies do, or the way salamanders do at any age. Can you ask Yamanaka himself if he thinks this is possible, may become possible, or can only be done in a case by case way, involving manipulation in a laboratory, of a person's skin cells, and then transplanting their own celks reverted into stem cells, into their eyes for whatever part of the body needs healing and then the body transforms the stem cells into whatever cells are needed. Also, when these stem cells are introduced into the body, do they automatically start replicating and travel where ever needed in the body?
There is no such thing, as kunkin DNA, every DNA, is important
There's no such thing. All DNA is for a purpose. It's just that science is not aware of the purpose yet, so in their ignorance they rudely call it 'junk' DNA.
Would this help chronic genetic disease? I have defective collegen cells that cause widespread problems everywhere in my body as collegen is everywhere
What about regeneration of degenerated spine
Would like to know how stemcells can be utilised in regenerating the kidney nephrons. Which are damaged by CKD
Can dead retina cells be restored/regenerated some how?
I thought I read that to get stem cells to repair an optic nerve it would have to come from your bone marrow is that true
Clemens, have you encounter the potential of terahertz waves stimulating the body to produce new stem cells?
What is this i hear about intravenous stem cell therapy curing glioblastoma?
SUBSCRIBED
Can Ips cells be used to generate functioning brain and heart ? Make a videos over this..
details of institutes practicing stem cell therapy with cost factors for treatments for diffrent age related diseases.
The information here It’s very very interesting !!! Somehow, it’s very fascinating how our bodies seem to produce the stem cells, but nowadays there are certain types of pills that apparently can start producing new stem cells?!! Is it possible for this to happen?
Can you please make a video on diabetes with stems cells
How about myocardial infarction. Can stem cell be used to them.
Docteur Bruce Lipton a fait les permieres découvertes en 1967 concernant les cellules souches ... merci de partager les nouvelles découvertes sur le sujet ...une demande :comment par la pensée peut on solliciter les souches à proliférer pour remplacer les cellules dégradées par l age la maladie le stress..y a t il des études récentes, essais cliniques sur le sujet...merci a vous et bonne continuation...un voeux : Que celui qui lie cela demande gentiment a ses cellules souches aimees et aimantes d avoir la bienveillance de se regenerer ....grâce a Dieu....ça marche
Can't you get embryonic stem cells in umbilical cord blood and placenta?
Can IPSCs derived from skin cells be used to regenerate liver cells to reverse decompensated cirrhosis of liver. Rsvp asap. Thanks
How do we make our own stem cells?
Fasting
With the exception that comment about "not scarifying embryos" which was totally uncalled for the rest is good.
Can you make a video detailing the potential of menstrual fluid derived stem cells?
I have diabetes type 2, high cholesterol, n Albumin level. I learned Japan is treating diabetes with stem cells, 3 years ago. But in NZ I don't know of a reliable source to treat my diabetes, n big belly because of it, which in turn, causes insulin issue.
Today, I learned too many stem cells cause cancer.
So, how can I produce the right amount n strength of stem cells to help my diabetes, without endangering myself into cancer??? Thank you very much. Neli
How can an individual get their stem cells to activate on their own?