CpG ISLANDS - Promoters, Link to Cancer, X-Chromosome Inactivation

CpG islands are found in areas of the genome that have been protected from mutation, such as the promoters of DNA repair genes.
Why are CpGs so rare? What is their role in promoter regions? The answers to these questions have implications for development and for cancer.

[@goksuavar4809]

Best animations ever lol, and very clear explanation. This video needs more attention, thumbs up.

[@NeuralAcademy]

Thank you so much!! ^_^

[@malikadosmagambetova2556]

Wow, the most concise, informative and entertaining explanation of the topic I have ever seen! Huge thanks to the creators:)

[@ezgiselamet7403]

That was too good; however, I've gotta watch this video over and over again to understand how all these information brings together :D Thank you for making up my mind to study smarter

[@hadijohni23]

so grateful for this video and so thanks

[@salvadorhirth1641]

I'm thankful for this video. I am interested in understanding why many cancers are caused by errors in the methylated X chromosome, rather than in the active, less methylated X chromossome, in a given female somatic cell. One of my hypothesis to try to explain it, would be the lack of access to polimerases, so proofreading wouldn't correct errors. I have also thought that, since the breakpoint regions that I read about* are indeed palindromic, as are segments of bacteriophages that are target by bacterial restriction enzymes, perhaps when the nuclear envelope of a cell is dismantled during mitosis, palindromic regions of cell DNA could lack CH3 groups and could be attacked by a restriction-like enzyme, in a similar fashion like bacterial restriction enzymes attack palindromic segments of bacteriophages. (* such breakpoints are implicated in leukemias).

[@jessicalv6442]

Amazing Explanation! Love it!!!

[@user-zh4mu7ki4t]

Beautiful explanation.. Finally able to connect the dots..
Can you explain why is methlylation more frequent on adenine and cytosine than guanine and thymine?

[@leotravassosmilone3608]

Amazing video!

[@walaabdeljawad1439]

this is great I love it very helpful

[@mariociencia12]

Very good!

[@sinugeorge9485]

Precise nd informative

[@ivazadro5857]

This is so good!
Unreal! 😁

[@pippogenova9596]

Nice video guys!

[@subhamkarmakar3320]

Next level 🔥

[@bx1186]

Very clear explanation and I love the illustrative animation! Only the swirling colorful backgrounds I found a little bit irritating/distracting sometimes :) otherwise, amazing video!

[@luisenriquepanaifoflores5448]

Buen video.

[@LACERENZANUTRITION]

Good morning, excuseme, one question please, the methilation of island GC with SAM integration diet 400 mg/today, or other methylating agents such as choline, pratically prevents the formation of cancer cells or increases them ? Thank you very much

[@kirangathani5438]

Thanks for the video! I was just wondering why the methylation of cytosine bases, followed by the reamination to thymine doesn't lead to a decrease in the percentage of all cytosines in the genome (AC, TC, CC, GC, CA, CT? What is so special about the addition of the guanine on the 3' end of the cytosine?

[@user-tv4hb1yo1s]

Yeeaah, that question wonders me to!!!

[@soubhagyabastia1055]

So if house keeping genes are methylated, they never expressed or expressed by some other mechanism.. Reply me plz..

[@salvadorhirth1641]

Funny mnemonics: The Dangerous Granny - Thymine-DNA Glycosylase. :-)

[@imbored4615]

I love how they always explain what are the bases that compose the DNA. What are the possibilities that you are looking for what a CpG island is without already knowing that?!

[@salvadorhirth1641]

The codons CGT, CGA, CGC and CGG, all code for arginine; spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine in these codons would result in one of these codons: TGT, TGC ( cysteine), TGA (STOP codon) or TGG pryptofan, instead of arginine. Interesting reading here: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28523359

[@syedamasrath9695]

Could you please make a video on cpg island of mitochondrial genome

[@pippogenova9596]

It helped me

[@LayneSadler]

What does percent GC mean? = guanine-cytosine content
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content (or guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases in a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine (G) or cytosine (C).

[@syedamasrath9695]

As mitochondria have unmethylated cpg =what should we understand by this

[@MissBeautyE4]

The probability of getting CG should be 12.5 no? I understand that getting exactly GC instead of CG is 6.25, but it shouldn't matter which one comes first C or G. I don't understand why you don't put that in the video, it would help understanding the low occurence even better. Am I correct? Just trying to understand... otherwise amazing video and really helped me with my paper.

[@michaeltimpanaro5622]

How is methylation reversed?

[@sumeshsudhakaran4823]

Those having no base can't understand it easily. Need more clarity on this

[@asligulcebartan8375]

👍

[@KeepCalmAndDieAlone]

why is his face so edited?

[@NeuralAcademy]

Greenscreen footage with bad lighting - so blurred it out...

[@KeepCalmAndDieAlone]

@@NeuralAcademy ok, thank you