MIT Science Reporter - "Returning from the Moon" (1966)
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- Опубліковано 24 вер 2024
- This 1966 MIT Science Reporter television program tackles the challenges of getting the Apollo Command Module safely back from space through the atmosphere to Earth-one of the most forbidding hurdles of the Apollo program. William Brooks (Langley Research Center, Hampton VA) demonstrates techniques of testing the effects of high temperatures on substances proposed to shield the module on its re-entry at 25,000 mph. Edward Offenhartz (AVCO, Lowell MA) discusses the uses of ablation to dissipate the extreme heat and protect the module's occupants. Sandy Stubbs (Langley) explains the variety of module designs and their relative abilities to sustain different kinds of impact. The program is presented by MIT in association with WGBH-TV Boston, and hosted by MIT reporter John Fitch; it was produced for NASA. MIT Museum Collections.
I've watched this series multiple times over the years. I always come away in awe with how much research the engineers needed to do to successfully perform the mission.
I have been an Engineer for over thirty years. In college and early in my career, I had the privilege of being taught and mentored by Apollo Professors and Engineers. So glad I had the opportunity.
It’s amazing how much information they used to share. These days, it’s all at the kindergarten level.
Are you serious it's because people are smart today and they can Google it back then nobody was going to look it up or argue nobody could Google hey how cold does it get in space? -455 f degrees or 2 kelvin.. And we heated it with battery power? 1 million miles. Wtf Tesla i cant even drive to LA without a charge?! Oh and they brought a electric 4wd ? Cameras? They broadcast live to earth? No satellites or gps just a 580 words of ram on wire memory and it knew where to go automatically.. The guidance system alone was the size of vw bus.. Inside of a tin foil bug.. And who filmed the lander leaving??
i guess Im kind of randomly asking but do anyone know of a good place to watch new tv shows online?
@Robert Royal I use flixzone. You can find it on google :)
@Robert Royal i watch on Flixzone. Just google for it =)
@Jairo Gerald yup, have been watching on flixzone for years myself :)
It's refreshing watching technical/engineering folks conducting demonstrations and explanations on camera as opposed to dedicated PR people. The presentations are matter of fact and concise like they're taking time away from their busy work to make these films for educators, the public, or whoever the films intended for. It just seems more earnest than the coiffured media savvy world of today.
These engineers were not only going to the moon but literally building the foundations of the 21st century technological age as well, absolute giants.
Yes your totally right... led by a NAZI! Oops.
I remember when I was in 5th grade going to school in Bedford Mass someone, whose parents must have worked at avco in Lowell, brought in a sample of the honey comb used in the heat shield. It was almost like thin cardboard yet you could stand on it and it would not crush or collapse.
I'm pretty sure that identical looking honeycomb made out of thin cardboard would also hold a human's weight no problem.
The whole program from rocket tip to base was incredibly rigorous. Breathtaking in scope. Human endeavour, coordination and discipline at its grandest.
The moon landing was a hoax.
Just kidding, cheers eh!
The CM/SM was incredible complex with so many parts that had to work perfectly for nearly 2 weeks and all shoehorned into a weight and size constraints. This kept being a problem as so many subsystems to include plus redundancy. The rocket engineers were asked to ramp up the current power 12X!!! where normally a twice increase would be a big ask and also they had to build ungodly pressures to deliver the propellants at enough pressures to make the sort of thrust they needed all without melting the available materials around the combustion chambers. Today the same guys who did this still shake their heads at the problems they faced and how they ever did it bit they did. Apollo 8 and 17 were the most reliable overall with little problems on the rest like engine cutouts and fogged windows and on 16, they really had some issues just before they were about to descend to the surface when a dish jammed and one of two systems on the SM main engine showed bad. The men orbited in the LM with the CM for some time before they were given the ok to head down to the surface and it was a bit close as they were drifting off the orbit all the time so any long wait, and they would have to cancel the landing and come back. This was all explained in Charlies Dukes book i have as he was LM pilot for 16.
I live in Massachusetts. I’m going to seek out some of these facilities to see what they are like now.
Looking forward to your report-back :)
theyre all one. even the mit lab
Great to see these vintage programmes. They are very informative.
and comical
@@MrDaiseymay But still informative.
Why only 7K views in almost 3 years?? Wish people were more interested in these stuffs..
Man-Ung Yi
Most folks these days don’t care about the past or missions to the moon, and the rest are too busy watching moon hoax videos.
@@yopappy6599 Well, I have always thought like you.... But i have to say that It's getting harder and harder to do so. Partly due to how strange and almost comical some of these programs are coming across to me. Now that i'm actually listening to every word and paying attention to body language. The latter being a subconscious action that is very hard to control. And thereby very telling. Or barraging us with numbers, equations, procedures, materials. I would suggest you (and I see no reason why you would not) take a look at how Mr. Armstrong is acting. ua-cam.com/video/ifx0Yx8vlrY/v-deo.html It should be clear to see he does not want to be there and is really going thru some trauma right infront of our eyes. Yes...It could be for any number of reasons i know. But really? His mother just died?, wife just told him she wants a divorce?. ok then, get this over with quick and go deal with the problem. Instead he is dragging it cause he doesnt want to say anything, but dam it, he has to, so he is struggling. I mean you just got back from walking on the moon for crying out loud!!. Now I'm not claiming to be an expert at anything. Just someone who is choosing to pay real attention to my surroundings all the while employing common sense. Now to get back to this particular program. starting at 4:00 He states there no known materials that can withstand it with out melting decomposing bla bla evaporate, so the reporter naturally asks wtf then how.......well ahemm actually there are materials known out there..... but only if mixed just right using their tried and true formula named what ever. forming what ever. The reporter then oh ok sounds good. Who's gonna question their numbers and every ingredient in their potion especially when delivered with such conviction and authority. Who's got the bloody time. Well i made time . not on this one but on many others and their shell game is a good one. i've gone on too long already. I hope you are someone that cares enough to atleast take a look at this . and if not well i wish you all the best and above all peace
@@shirleeeyyy :The heat shield isn't designed to withstand the heat. IT's designed to slowly burn away, taking the extreme heat with it. I Found it interesting that an early Chinese return module used a wooden heat shield, which worked as it was designed to do.
@@shirleeeyyy Yes, shirleeyyy, you need to take the medication so to perceive reality a bit better.
@@ZiggyAir Be glad too...send me your prescription
That was an amazing piece of history. Thank you for sharing.
What I find interesting is all thos primitive 1960s automobiles at the start of the video. This is a reminder of how advanced the Apollo technology was beyond engineering for everyday transportation purposes of the era.
reat illusion. people still believe it today!! well few but there are a few. mostly the samee onesd who had that jabbey
Can't believe that I actually watched this. It's not bad. Give it a watch.
I can't believe people think we went to the moon left a space shuttle in a tinfoil Lander and -455 degrees and something that was heated and ran completely by battery in the mid-60s a Time where nobody had a calculator the space shuttle had about 500 Words of RAM that were literally memory that was stitched together by hand. Not only that but we carried a electric 4 wheel drive vehicle communication equipment men food broadcasted live to Earth and was even able to leave somebody on the moon to get a video of the lunar lander taking off. My iPhone can't find my way to my grandmother's house but a hokie machine with crooked ass buttons was able to circumnavigate the entire Earth and Moon and back a million miles with no satellites in the sky and only using the Stars did I mention it was -455 degrees in space.. even got passed through the Van Allen radiation belt and we can't do that today because it would take so much lead the space shuttle would never get off the ground. So what material was on the shuttle and Lander that can handle 5000 degrees Fahrenheit and -455 degrees but again my phone overheats if I leave it in my car
You don't get out much do you
@@msain427 I can’t
@@SuperBowser87 Its a funny, excuse of a...long delay to return is Technology destroyed and painful process to rebuild, the obsolete must now be replace by modern materials etc.
@@msain427 Rather like you!!
Thank you for posting this. I find it fascinating to learn how each challenge was met and overcome.
No, it has not been overcome, but MIT researchers helped it look believable.
@@sonjak8265
"no its not been overcome..."
Huh?
@@Testequip Comments like that betray the ignorance of the commenter concerning Applied Physics.🤡🎪
EXCELLENT documentary! Thanks for uploading.
Just goes to show how much was known way back in the 1960's....An excellent watch.
@Ekstij Amezie : At least NASA vehicles worked. GM went broke, for good reasons. ( gee, no ones buying our crap). I won't ask where your head has been.
I am translating and making subtitles in Spanish, and uploading them to my channel...These awesome videos worth it!
Fascinating documentation of the millions and millions of hours spent to produce Apollo’s great achievements! Millions of hours, millions of people, millions of dollars!
Not millions of people.
I wish we could become well spoken as everyone in this video.
Join Toastmasters
Really something, considering they were two or three years away from actually landing. I doubt if even they knew how hard and dangerous it would be.
Can we take a minute to appreciate how smart these scientist were, not only in knowing what problems they would face, but in solving them as well.
Rather nostalgic! Wish we could revive this adventurist, no fear, no safe-space, attitude.
@drmattccotton Stick around, Stockton Rush is about to revive this no safe-space attitude you have an adolescent crush on!
Facinating documentry. I am surprised only 23700 views and just after 50th Anniversary of first Moon landing.
I would have thought the Van Allen radiatiin belt would be a concern.
It is, as is radiation in general. Thankfully it's relatively simple to deal with it.
NASA engineers thought of that too kiddo, heck you only know about VAB only because of NASA probes.
And it still is as RADIATION is the entire show stopper. It was then as it is now, how to protect the astros from RADIATION ! For 30 years the Space Shuttle did nothing more than fly Low Earth Orbits below the Van Allen Belts because of the intense RADIATION and the protection given by the shielding of the Van Allen Belts. Study the RADIATION problems and you'll find Apollo wasn't what it claims.
Very good i love this kind of stuff. Great to see these vintage programmes. They are very informative..
Appreciated this. It is the early era of the media lab.
The feedback comments are interesting. Hard to tell if it is actual commentary engagement or if they are LLMs.
The producer/director Russell Morash was a real whirlwind for WGBH. Also behind "This Old House", "Victory Garden," "The New Yankee Workshop."
R.I.P. John Fitch
Truly amazing information, the MIT guy asked all the right questions, the other video is equally good, “going to the moon “
It is almost as if he and the people interviewed knew every question or even what to ask before he got there. It is like that.
Without all of this science and engineering, Artemis would never happen. All of the hard work has been done including the Rocket Engines that were actually designed and manufactured in the 1970's for the Apollo and the Space Shuttle.
I don't know everything involved, but would these tests be slightly inconclusive? You test the heat shield, but it is held to the flame. On reentry does the downward force pressure not impact it still + heat?
So while heating, the force from reentry pushes more on the material as it melts and strips away.
Test engineers kniw something about what they are doing.
Ahh. Back when America was truly Great, Gonna be hard to top this era. Even with todays technical advancements , makes this decade even more magical.
Thanks to the Democrats under JFK, to good education and scientific funding and a drive to do what was right - not just what was safe for the economy and what big business interests wanted to dictate to congress.
@@AD-kv9kj The Democrats are an unrecognizable party now when compared to what they were in the era of JFK. How sad.
great, unless you were black or a homosexual. or a woman.
Give yourself a hug.
@@johnnycats5157 Get off the cross. Someone else needs the wood.
These are all so interesting...than you for posting :)
too sad，so little views for this wonderful thing
I was just looking for this. The details of Apollo space crafts. You realize is not magic just hard work and building stuff
They filled every single of like 400.000 honeycombs separately by hand 🤯
I don't think the Soviets would even share a fraction of the information given here.
Epoxski is state secret
I am blown away by the magnitude of an Apollo mission. You see a spacecraft leave the launch pad and you think that is it, but to see all these millions of components and all this testing and inginuity that went into a mission is absolutely amazing.......🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀
My Grandmother had one of those digital clocks.
Today the tecn, is so advanced that there will
Be thousand more things that could develope more
Failures so much will be
Pushed eragantly by thinking tech is so more
Advanced
Science: Filling holes since 1966.
Why the absolute FUCK was this not shown to me in school? Admittedly as an adult I know 90% of the science already, because I find it fascinating enough to learn myself, and because.... Internet. But damn, age 15, I'd have had a million questions after watching this, despite it actually being massively in-depth in terms of technical detail, in comparison to literally any every aired on the Discovery Channel....
1966, epic year.
That *William Brooks* fellow (the guy talking about the heat shield at 3:42) could pass for then-President *Lyndon B. Johnson* !!
His accent is mildly reminiscent of President Kennedy!
Very good i love this kind of stuff
I didn't know Karl Malden worked as a sinus on Apollo.
So they think all this was done for a movie?
A 5 megawatt heater!?
Excellent doco. Fascinating.
Real research.
The bottom was covered in flubber
Holy crap is this for real
The results of it are at everyone's eyes. Just walk around Philadelphia and San Francisco's streets.
This is an interesting, information dense video.
Russel Morash should have had this guy fix up houses with Norm. It's funny to see what people did "before."
Что делал Кубрик в это время? И где полеты на Луну сейчас?
Chalkboards, vacuum tubes and mechanical relays? We have self driving cars now, but we can't get back to the moon?
We've never been to the moon how can we get back
Chalkboards, vacuum tubes, mechanical relays - and a whole lot of money. 25 billion 1960's dollars; Raise 172 billion today and we're on our way.
Only moon hoaxers think we CANT go back to the moon.
Ps. No one gives a shit about that NASA guy who shoulda chosen his words more carefully, knowing there’s stupid ppl out there, looking to see any phrase of words, taken outta context and completely misunderstood, to mean we never or can’t go to the moon.
@@andrewsmactips Should be a piece of cake.....They lost trillions day before blind 11....and they can still spend billions on defense now
Sure we can return to the moon. But we won't because it's ridiculously expensive and there is NO NEED as of now. We will go back eventually when it's financially reasonable and there is some other reason in doing so besides "just for fun". Besides, robotics have evolved so much that human beings are not really needed for most scientific missions anymore. Space tourism is another topic altogether.
Amazing technology ................................. all filmed in black and white.
No color cameras invented yet, what is so strange?
looks like the parachutes would have a hard go fitting into the lander
Looks like your opinion is worthless.
They fold them.
And they use a hydraulic press to squeeze them into a size where they will fix in their storage compartments.@@martinhughes2549
I love the suits and haircuts!
The style comes about every 10 years or so.
Wow, CNC In 1966.
NO !!! It's only N/C or Numerical Control ! C/N/C is Computer Numerical Control and didn't happen till the late 70's with the use of the INTEL 8008 and then the INTEL 8088 chips that gave the controls memory to repeat and do it's own math functions ! That's why the large tape reels as they held all the punched paper tape programs giving the G-CODE info to the controller. 1" wide paper tape with 8 channels of code punched into the tape and a smaller set of sprocket holes for the tape reader to feed the tape thru the reader head. Every single move had to be typed into the program and onto the tape.
@@SteveWright-oy8ky wicked! Thanks for clarification.
You can see the old school thinking of how things were done like there was always one guy telling another guy that told another guy to actually do something?!?😜🤔😳
If it wasn't for Apollo and the whole Space Program from "the day' we wouldn't have all of this, like UA-cam to watch these classics.
That dude sounds like Annakin Skywalker stoned as fk .
We can't go to the moon today, but I'm sure we went back then.
There are more lunar missions happening at present than any other time in history. Most are robotic, but both China & the US will have human boots back on the regolith by decade's end.
Scary
says the capsule experiences 20k degC , but the test ablative is hit with 70/80k deg C [ tho hard to discern his speech?]. HMMMM ??
He said 7 to 8 thousand c ! it is possible by running different tests with different temperatures duration and airflow velocities to predict how the material behaves at 20 thousand c. It is like using smaller scale models instead of the real thing.
You’re not making a point, lmao.
wepipe - He said 20,000 degrees. That’s Fahrenheit.
GH1618 nevertheless, it’s obvious they cannot create the conditions that melt the rock of meteors. Also, if all the surfaces are covered with ablative plastic, what about the windows?
This is also why huge numbers of actual capsules were sent up and out through re-entry to test how their laboratory condition tests matched up to the real thing. If you know nothing about it, if you know nothing about rocket engineering and complex science, you can't just hear one vague bit of information on some video on youtube and automatically start trying to imply all kinds of wild conspiracy theories from it.
If I was an infant and I saw you in some video talking about, let's say, shaving - I would know absolutely nothing about it, so I'd have to learn a lot first before trying to invent conclusions based on vague and fragmentary bits of information and utterly limited life experience. As a child I once lightly touched the blade of a knife out of curiosity and cut my finger instantly. My skin was extremely delicate and I had no clue what I was doing when dealing with sharp blades. So, I could therefore have started automatically drawing the conclusion that shaving is all a hoax, because how can you possibly run a sharp razor across your face without taking your skin off!?! HMMMM?? Yea, answer that one, gullible sheeple. I'm so smart and know everything.
If I had to choose my re entry vehicle.... it would be the Apollo spaceship capsule!
Amazing piece of technological structure !
if i had to choose my re entry vehicle it would be your brain cos its thick enough---adios amigo!!!!!!!
Haha you guys, that escalated fast.
@@fisterB hold my souvlaki...
@@rowdyyates4273 and I would choose your mom.
I guess rowdy Yates thought he was being really funny three years ago. Duh.
I have a feeling that back in the 60s the people were much smarter than now days...
Only with that mentality and brain we can go and visit other planets and space.
Otherwise , using Facebook, Selfies and Smart phone mentality we won't go anywhere, we can't even go back to the moon for fuck sake!
There are still tons of smart people. They go to good universities and then go to work for tech , pharmaceutical, finance or the government. But the ignorant masses are much more visible now. With social media etc
Nasa, SpaceX among others are planning manned moon missions and more in a couple of years. But it's true that people are getting dumber.
Back in the '60s we were dumb enough to think we actually DID GO TO THE MOON. Now I'm sure we DIDN'T GO YET. Remember in the early days of cell phones, how our calls got dropped so often. Well the president called to the moon and talked to the busy astronauts, and without a telephone operator!!! I couldn't call anyone out side of San Antonio Texas with out help from an operator. For crying out loud, how did they connect to the moon from the oval office?? Operator how may I help you???
@@lindaglover7194 Operator how may I help you??? Are you there Operator? Hello? (dial tone) 😕
What happened to my country?
Which country is yours?
says the capsule experiences 20,000 deg C , but the test ablative is hit with 7 to 8,000 deg C [ tho hard to discern his speech? ] HMM
Negative 2.5 times effective then is it ?
The air does get that hot, but the reentry time is short enough that the heat shield itself doesn't get that hot.
If you put something in your oven, it doesn't immediately come up to the oven temperature, does it? Same thing with the heat shield.
Dur.
@@almostfm I think it's not really a time factor, but more like boiling water. No matter how hot the fire underneath is, the water will never exceed 100 degrees Celsius. It's the same for the ablative plastics. The plastic still attached to the module will never exceed 7k-8k. If it becomes hotter, it evaporates and is no longer attached.
So they could not “reproduce” the actual temperature, the tests were combined and a “theoretical” conclusion was relied on to develop the final material, and it worked...interesting
The material was held on the body of the craft with “tape” that was “bonded”? Question: if they could not and can not reproduce the actual temperature of reentry, who’s to say the “bonded” material would not have “unbonded” and caused a catastrophic failure?
Not Bloody likely: They tested first with unmanned test flights. But before you can do that you want some reasonable certainty it’s going to work (rocket launches aren’t cheap). Hence you start with theoretical modelling.
Everything is over engineered to create an acceptable margin for failure which exceeds the mission requirements. And that’s not just for space craft; that’s literally everything that is designed by engineers.
it's called science. Thermodynamics.
so smart and inventive back then. they made stuff up to work and build everything as they went along. and it all worked. today, we cannot even understand the drive thru waitress at mcdonalds on the speakerphone and she is only 15 feet away.
You typed your comment on a smartphone that has more computing power than every NASA contractor combined in 1966.
Условно, не прошло и пятидесяти лет и то,что было обязано быть продемонмтрироано по центральному телеивидению ссср для широких кругов молодежи, интересующеся техническими вопросами, было продемонстрировано по каналам частно-государственной иницивтивы. А почему не крутили, фильмы были секрнтными. Нет, никогда. Снова ознакомьтесь с "Ассой" В. Соловьёва. Не удивляйтесь перевод снаучно-техничесеого английского для широких масс был нежелателен, и зачастую практически неосуществим.
Why no rocket landing like for Mars? Those were tuff parachutes for near speed of sound, yet in near vacuum atmosphere of mars worries of tearing them.
because they landed in water. russian capsules do use small rockets to arrest their speed just before landing because they land on land. also do learn how air resistance works (by the square of the speed)
"vacuum atmosphere of mars " ?
@@RideAcrossTheRiver Reading or honesty problems? "...yet in near..."
Mars is about half the size of Earth by diameter and has a much thinner atmosphere, with an atmospheric *volume less than 1% of Earth's.*
@@Agarwaen ? what? Dont rockets work better in vacuum? You find normal sensible logical scientifical that in less 1% density they have helicophers overthere? okay....
@@narajuna Mars' atmosphere is not "near vacuum." Global dust storms cover Mars.
Plastic and nylon... used for countertops and shirts....
The richest time of invention was for the Apollo project in the 60s. Materials Science harmonious with Engineering, guided by physics, as they were destined.
Best thing that humans achieved, was from JFK's gauntlet thrown down, September 1962, "not because it is easy, but because it is hard"...
America - thanks 👍👍
check out the documentary A Funny thing Happened on the way to the Moon, on Bart Sibrel's channel
And by "documentary" you mean "a film consisting of a bunch of mindless crap". If that man told me that the Sun was going to rise in the east tomorrow, I'd get up early to check.
Meh. Debunked it. Got anything that isn't obviously a scam?
5 million watts?!
ONE POINT TWENTY ONE GIGAWATTS?!?
He's literally standing in front of the movie studio at the beginning of the video. We all know who produced the video
You donk.
@@RideAcrossTheRiver See you are a very busybee, empty shill-like account, guest You know who produced it.
@@narajuna You donk.
This 3yrs before America achieved what before had been
seemingly impossible. 🤤
Bamboo Rocket fairing, paten5 #POW PATENT OFFIICE
cameraman on moon still waits for those apparatus
In fact! I can't believe MIT posts this, as if the "moon landings" were real.
The camera man's name was Tyrone. God bless him and his selfless work!
science Fiction at its best!!!!-----
Do we feel important now? Dunce, lmao.
The chinese used OAK as a char ablation heat-shield .
The chinese re-entry vehicles were smoking when they touched down to earth .
I grew up on Apollo. I've read a LOT and seen a lot of these shows. I've also seen the sophomoric presentations that the SpaceX people have been showing about their Starship vehicles. The Apollo tapes are far better than anything SpaceX has produced. I have more confidence in the 1960s technology than I do with the 2020 technology of SpaceX.
A massive jobs program for the engineers, just like MIT.
They got the contract to fake it and did a great job.
I can't believe they were naive enough to broadcast this so anyone could see it.
What's the danger in that?
there is no real enemy for puppeters
enemy infiltrated our world,society and created golden slave cage system long time ago . all countries are just colonies , politics are clown for sheplets , schools indoctrinate childs , wars are perfect oportunity to farm wealth from people and all sides cooperate , "banks" funding both sides , politics and media does rest to convice people to kill each other
This reminds me of the ride going to mars at Disneyland back in the day. Except the people weren’t real. Mind you not sure these guys were real either come to think of it
💯 Chinese made automatons
There is absolutely no way that the command module would re-enter as described at the speeds claimed. The thing is a conical shape, it would be tumbling all over the place. Especially if entering at an angle. They would have been better off claiming it would re-enter at 0 degrees to the atmosphere. People obviously knew virtually nothing about flight or aerodynamics if they believed this.
@butchtropic He slept at the Holdiay Inn though.
This garbage is just that...garbage.
Your expertise is in gas station snack cakes and how to level double wide trailers, lmao. I think we can ignore your space systems expertise, lmao
Phil Beringer lmao, you’re a failure
@@DoctorShocktor awwwww geee
How long would Biden last as an ablative shield?
20:00 Re-entry of the commanding-module (the capsule) into the atmosphere of earth will be another great problem. Not only the heat of the air-friction at 20.000km/h, but the stabilization is the great problem. It begins to wobble and whirl, the astronauts will die because of extreme g-forces inside. Do anyone think, it is real, that such a capsule can be stabilized at such high-speed, but airplanes like the X-15 needs at least short wings ? Flying without wings at highspeed, it is a flying saucer. If this is not such a problem, why was it such a problem to deliberately crash the unmanned sky-lab-module in 1979 ? They succeeded, but there was the fear, that it could crash over inhabited areas. Not so easy. One can explain every single problem of the journey to the moon and how it was solved, more or less reliable, but one cannot explain, that all the things of crucial importance together succeeded and everything was calculated. There must have been much more incidents and accidents in the testing phase, but obviously, there only occured very few (3 dead astronauts).
How do you know what kind of atmosphere or what conditions do train for on the moon or in space if you've never been there? They never went to the moon they never traveled a million miles on battery power keeping them warm or cool
yes they had a lot of unknown facters to figuar out but thats why they tested everthing, had to do a lot of test
The Ranger and Surveyor programs were unmanned missions to explore the moon before the manned landing occurred. Apollo 12 actually landed very near to a Surveyor lander, as seen here - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor_program#/media/File:Apollo12ConradSurveyor.jpg.
Fuel cells; not batteries. The Moon, other planets, and space had been explored for more than a decade before even the first lunar landing.
Obviously, LSD was used for editing the intro and outro. THE 60s!
We are losing that kind of engineers, that is because the parents are permissive with their sons. They forgot how to use the " illuminator baseball bat"... That is motivation....
Internaut - We are also losing competence in spelling.
@@GH-oi2jf , ..How is your Spanish?... or your french, or your Italian,...
English is not my mother tong.
In any case, English speakers, who don't need to learn a different language to communicate, MUST tolerate spelling errors.
There is no benefit from this kind of negative feedback.
Real negative feedback, analogous to electronics, would be pointing that I have used loosing instead of losing. So, my error would be accepted and I would correct it and you would satisfy your stupid "culture" binding to your country.
I see your comment racist, not positive and not constructive. I hope you have learned something about the human relationship.
@@soulrobotics I feel sorry that I have to tell you, but not being an American, you probably have a hard time understanding that the government lied and Neil Armstrong or anyone else did not land on the Moon. Those were the times with a lot of lying. Two Kennedys and MLK were assasinated. A president ordered a bulgary to be performed. Those crimes pale in comparison to the destruction of Vietnam.
@@sonjak8265
Did that Fitch guy ever get that cheese grater removed from his throat ?
great science fiction ... good acting
another flat earther bites the dust Apollo was real I saw it in 1969
Yes as know it all comes from Scifi. Much need to FE deflect, nothing but showbizz
@@stanleydavidson912 do you mean you saw it in space or on the moon or do you mean you saw it on TV? Where did you see it?
fuck you are stupid - "I don't understand, therfore it's false...sound about right?
@@XD-te6vj touchy touchy , , did you watch it on TV or see it on your computer screen... then it must be real.. I wouldn't call anyone here an idiot, not even you
😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
These people wouldn’t understand what today’s people are saying when they talk or rap
And someone from the 1880s would feel as strange talking to these people.
What a fish story And you're still buying it ..
You’re a dunce, no one cares about your failed life or your opinion, lmao.
😂
And think it would be at least another decade before a normal person could even own a calculator
Mike Sain -. So what???