Superheat and Subcooling Explained! How to Easily Understand!
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- Опубліковано 21 вер 2024
- In this HVAC Video, I Explain Superheat and Subcooling in the Refrigeration Cycle to Understand the Operation Easier! I go over how to understand the importance of both Superheat and Subcooling. I go over the refrigeration cycle, where superheat is found and what will happen if a Piston or capillary tube system is overcharged in terms of compressor life. I go over what it means to have a low charge when you have a txv in reference to heat absorption in the evaporator coil as well as other tips! Supervision is needed by a licensed HVAC Tech before doing this as Experience and Apprenticeship garners Wisdom and Safety.
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Superheat = "the temperature increase in vapor form (of the refrigerant?) in the evaporator coil." Because the line temp decreases in the evaporator coil, hence cooling the air. Am I correct ACST?
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٢ةةةة٢٣٢٢٣٣وصص٣و ٤٤٣٤ووو٤٤٣ت٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٣٤٣٣٣٣٣٣٣٣يقصف٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٣٣٣٣٣٤٤٣٢٢بقلبي في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي ى انا انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي متلك نهارانا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي لل ى ى انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي الخميس بدي
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٢ةةةة٢٣٢٢٣٣وصص٣و ٤٤٣٤ووو٤٤٣ت٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٣٤٣٣٣٣٣٣٣٣يقصف٤٤٤٤٤٤٤٣٣٣٣٣٤٤٣٢٢بقلبي في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو هلق بدك تنام قلي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي للفيديو في اشار من هلق بدك تنام قلي ى انا انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي متلك نهارانا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي لل ى ى انا مو متلك نهار الخميس بدي الخميس بدي
To have an instructor that intimately knows his subject matter of expertise is one thing but to have that coupled with the ability to explain its complexities in a way that is readily understood is absolutely golden. If you subscribed, you just struck gold.
I really appreciate your kind words, thank you!
As a current HVAC student I second my instructor even some parts of the system so we can see show and tell plus get some hands on
@@acservicetechchannelcan you do a video on heat pump tune ups ?
I'm going for a job interview for a maintenance tech after having been out of the field for awhile and I need to brush up on a lot of this stuff, and your videos are helping immensely. THANKS!!
That's awesome to hear, thanks
@@acservicetechchannel can i join with ur team as a tech
Superheat: Temperature increase in vapor state.
Subcool: Temperature decrease in liquid form.
Thank you!
Thanks Armando!
very helpful. Thanks
Very good broken down in simpler terms
Superheat = Temperature increase of refrigerant, right?
what is temperature subcooled & superheated
I did a trade school 20+ yrs ago, we covered 40hrs on sh/sc. This 8 minute class is like Paul Harvey's and now
the rest of the story . Nice splain
Yeah I'm pretty sure what happened here was the click and light bulb !!!! After having watched countless videos, I was skeptical as to how I would ever be able to understand what these terms were . Thank you so much for an excellent video....my mantra for remembering is - protect
compressor at all costs!!! The comp is on a vapor diet... No liquids!!! TXV reverse....Holy crap I can't believe the simplicity of your clarification.
Yes that is very awesome! Thanks for your note and glad to help Denny!
For a novice you could think of the condenser as the "liquid maker" To make good liquid, you have to make sure it's pure, and the subcooling is a safety factor for that. IE how much extra heat you took out of the freon beyond what was necessary to turn him into a liquid. The evaporator is the "vapor maker" and to make good vapor, you have to make sure it's pure (with no liquid in it) and the safety factor for that is superheat. IE how much extra heat was put in beyond what was necessary to make "low quality" vapor. You really don't want liquid going back to the compressor because that could kill him.
A much better explanation than others, breaking down the three states of refrigerant passing thru the coils. Also showing service valves after the condenser and right before the compressor.
Thanks, starting my first year apprenticeship and this helps refresh my memory. 👍👍👍
Very Cool, thanks! URA 617!
How are you doing these days? Still in the industry?
5 years latter. any update on your advancement?
Extremely clear concise information. Must watch video 4 times to absorb it all.
I just got my universal epa certification and I'm on day three as a technician apprentice this helps a lot!
This is such an awesome video.. I've been doing HVAC for over 10 years now and the way he explains this is very helpful. Thanks for making awesome videos
Listened to my HVACR instructor for hours and didn't get it thanks so much!
Thanks Sol Spirit, glad it helped!
Don't feel bad. I never went to AC school, and my boss/trainer/mentor had the DICKENS of a time getting me to understand electricity. Controls were a total mystery to me for a LONG time. And then suddenly everything he'd been explaining to me just came together. Just like a switch. Dark to daylight. I LATER went to many schools. RSES, manufacturers schools and the like. But that initial learning curve was for me almost too steep to climb.
Best channel on youtube. As a new tech this channel is priceless to me.
This is The Best Video on UA-cam that Explains Super heat and Sub cooling...
Keep up the Great work your doing on Teaching this trade
Your videos are amazing!!! We have been using some of your videos in our company to help the new people understand. Every week we have training classes
Very cool Steve, thanks for letting me know. Let me know of any questions that come up. Tell them I was asking, thanks!
Yes sir I will, next week they will be doing how to OHM a compressor. How do you feel about NATE? The company I work for is paying for it, but I heard it doesn’t mean anything, it’s just an indication you might know it.
Nate was the thing that helped jump start my progression in the field. I took the heat pump service and install test after my first year in the field. I passed the installation part the first time and the second time a month later I went out and scheduled it on my own and took it on my own time and passed the service part. The company had paid for a review and testing so I took it upon myself to complete the heat pump service on my own time and expense. It was hard for me then because of my lack of time in the field but after getting the heat pump service and install and ac service and install, the company gave me a 4 dollar an hour raise and the owner took notice and started building into me to make me the person I am today. Nate was all part of that growing process so yes go for every cert you can get your hands on for the future, especially if your company has an interest in it and is possibly paying for part of it, thanks Steve!
That’s amazing sir. That’s one of my goals is to teach people I only been in the field for 5 years still have a lot to learn. Thank you sir for taking the time to respond. I will let you know if I run into issues that I don’t understand.
That's awesome Steve, glad to help!
Thank you for the explanation and breakdown of superheat and subcooling in its simplest form. Very well said. 👍🏿
Thank you!
Thank you for a simple way to understand it. I think I have subcool and superheat figured out. Now I have to figure out how do I use either to charge a system.
Best explanation of a fridge circuit and what’s happening in the system I can find, me and my apprentice have both subbed
Good stuff. I'm still confused enough where I'm not sure I can explain this correctly to my boss.
Superb education.... The first to show up on the search results and very appropriate positioning !! Answered exactly the questions in mind in perfect style and context. Subscribed .... Very many thanks :)
That's great, thanks Nick!
Thanks brother, PPl that doesn't like the video just don't watch why you dislike important educational video.
Ha ha yeah maybe, it is ok and thanks for your support!
I am just a beginner, but think this is clear explanation of what superheat and subcooling means...and where to measure it while working with AC systems. If TXV installed - measure subcooling. If piston intalled - check superheat.
Thanks Roman!
Your videos helped me a big time while fixing my AC unit at home! Thank you and God bless! :)
Thanks Roman!
Thanks buddy , you explained the Refrigerant superheat and sub cooling in such a easy way .
Thanks for the learning
Thanks, have you seen some of my newer refrigeration cycle videos with an even better picture of the actual system? Thanks!
But it is the best video about superheat and subcooling! Thank you so much
Finally it’s making sense thanks
One of the best videos on UA-cam!! Thank you!!
Thanks a lot Kyle!
Great video! Helped a lot as a refresher for a green guy like me going to an interview
A bit long-winded but encyclopedic depth. Very informative
been finding for too long and this vid help me a lot, thank you so much
Easy and deeply concept for beginner.
Thanks for this great video. Very important to understand the concept of superheat and sub-cool
Absolutely, thanks!
During the phase change in the condenser the refrigerant undertakes a sub cooling effect, as the vapour reaches its saturation point it is sub cooled to 80% Vapour and 20% liquid to allow the system to condense efficiently and thus entering the throttling valve, Tev(Thermostatic Expansion Valvle) or the EEV( Electronic expansion valve). Dropping in both pressure and temperature the refrigerant is 80% liquid and 20% vapour, depending on ambient temperatures and refrigerant type. Entering the Evaporator it is super heated as the refrigerant absorbs heat from the ambient air being drawing over the coil by the fan. Once entering the compressor unless the system has a suction accumulator of course the refrigerant will be Vapour.
He just said that moron
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Great video, one of the best channels on YT for HVAC.
Is it normal to have a Single state condenser (carrier CA16NA30) with a subcooling name plate of 10, but with a builder installed Piston for higher reliability? My new home has a carrier condenser with an empty piston package taped to the bottom recessed area where the whip connects.
In this case, are the techs supposed to check charge by Superheat even though the nameplate says Subcooling 10 deg?
Yes, if you have a piston installed, the Total Superheat method would be used for checking the charge of a single speed split ac unit, thanks!
@@acservicetechchannel Would you do the same on an automobible AC system with a orifice tube, then, ie, use the Superheat method? Are these methods applicable, Superheat (capillary / orifice tube), or Supercool ( expansion valve), with automotive AC coolant charges? Thank you. Great video!
This exactly how I was taught over 30 yrs ago. My understanding is it's not taught like this anymore.
Nothing is taught anymore.
I see guys all the time taking a subcooling reading on commercial roof top right at the compressor. Taking temp on high side at the compressor on most commercial RTU's is in a hot gas state and not liquud refrigerant. Still has to go through condenser to condense back to liquid to be subcooled.
Good explanation.
WOW. This is an excellent video. I was taught this in school, but this is the best explanation I have heard. Thank you!
Thanks a lot for letting me know Boris!
Where should the high side pressure port service valve be fitted when designing a new system and what are the advantages/disadvantages
Of the location of these? Is there a difference is pressure?
ur a good teacher Mr acservicetech. thank you
I appreciate it David!
Your videos make a lot of sense. Thanks for sharing your knowledge!
Thanks Abraham!
So I just found your channel so far so good I'm trying to so some studying for a ase test thanks for the help I'm gonna visit your site as aell
Awesome Darrell!
Nice explanation. What is puzzling me is that I have been monitoring new air-water package heat pumps (on R32) and have been seeing periods zero superheat at the compressor discharge. I thought this was impossible, so have spent quite a bit of time measuring other units, and checking my measurements. I am still puzzled by it, but glean that compressors have recently been developed to accept 'wet' vapour into the compressor. One thing for sure is that COP drops when discharge SH is close to zero. Anyhow, my issue is this.... Is my new heat pump faulty? is the EEV control inferior? Is the EEV control made as cheap as possible ? or is it actually desirable to have a slightly wet suction. The COP on average is very good. I have seen a PH chart plotted with a vertical compression line that goes to a point of no discharge superheat. This is completely new and unknown to me.... any thoughts welcome
Excellent. Thanks.
thanks you for putting your time into this video.
you did a great job!
Thanks Peter!
To my understanding the coolant or like a substance like CO2 or dry ice turns to a very cold boiling to a very low pressure vapor before freezing!
Whereas in hot boiling water on the other side of the bell curve turns to hot vapor or steam !
Bro needs to run a 1-2 week course in person. Ill sign up if the price is right.
So it seems like Superheat is what's actually doing the cooling (absorbing heat) so why wouldn't you want saturation right as it first enters the coil and a larger superheat that occurs over all of the coil?
Thank you!
Would overfeeding of refrigerant from your TXV (metering device) cause high superheat?
Hello, how you measure the super heat before the compressor when you have a liquid vessel just before the compressor. I suppose you measure it between the liquid vessel and the compressor? Or is it before the liquid vessel?
that is actually called an accumulator and you can measure right before the accumulator. Also check out the two articles that we have at www.acservicetech.com/articles and find the superheat method article and subcooling method article.
So if you have a piston you check the superheat in order to see if the system is low or over charged. Then you use the chart to correct it. But if you have a txv then you only use sub cooling right?
Nice presentation. Just so I can follow this closely, I have few questions.
(1) When we say “saturation” do we also mean “condensation”, a phase change from vapor to liquid?
(2) when we say “reject” heat, do we also mean “release” heat?
(3) is the “metering device” also mean “expansion valve / txv”?
Yes to 2nd and 3rd questions friend. For the 1st question; Saturation means: at that measured pressure the refrigerant is in both states in middle of your evap or condenser, liquid and gas form. Depending on what you want to do with it, it can condensate or evaporate at that point. Example; If the refrigerant is in your heatpump's evaporator in the room and if you want to cool your room, its going to evaporate from that half gas half liquid state! If you want to heat your room, it will condensate from that mixed state!
@@burakokumus6040 got it. Thanks.
@@burakokumus6040 great explanation !
A super simple explanation thanks for that.
Thanks Mainely History!
very nicely explained thank you for sharing!!!!!
Thank you!
Great job and video
Glad you enjoyed it
Awesome! Thanks...Really liked your video.
Thanks Ice Cold!
I’m still at a loss. I watched this video twice and still don’t know what the reference temperature is or where it is taken. A temperature increase from where?
Superheat can best be described as additional heat added to a vapor.
Given that, Subcooling is simply the temp of a liquid when it is cooled below its condensing temperature.
Yes, thanks Repete Myname
When trying to explain to a novice my verbiage is "the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant BEYOND that necessary to affect a complete change of state" . That applies to superheat of course. The sub cooling you'd replace the word absorbed by the word rejected. Trying to make people "get" that cold air isn't made, rather heat removed is sometimes the hardest part of the job. Wish I'd had this channel 50 years ago. Or a computer. Good job servicetech.
@@tomswinburn1778 give them an analogy.
"You know a can of air duster has liquid in it and under high pressure, when you spray it, the can gets really cold. When you press the trigger, gas blows out, and the liquid inside boils to replace the lost gas. That trigger is your expansion valve. That liquid gets colder just like how wind cools you by sweat evaporating off your skin - it removes your body heat."
A can of air duster that has froze up also has low pressure, not enough liquid is boiling off fast enough, converting to gas. After you warm the can in warm water, the pressure increases because it's 60 degrees hotter and wants to boil off more quickly.
Water turns to steam occurs when going above 212F. Steam at 250F is SUPERHEATED steam by 38 degrees.
Steam cooled turns to water when cooled below 212F. Water at 200F is subcooled by 12F, it's 12 degrees below boiling point.
You know a pressure cooker lets the water inside get above 212F so it will cook your food faster. You also know your jiggler adds 10 PSI - so that liquid won't boil until it gets over 240F. Not enough heat you won't have enough pressure to jiggle, and too much heat the jiggler will constantly blow off steam. When you have an occasional jiggle, you know you balanced your heat perfectly.
@UCvYZV2LLaSNyE2QpFQMfLKA
Ya just did it. And in a fashion almost anyone can understand. Only thing I could add is that pressure has much to do with the temperature. High pressure boiler/low pressure boiler. Superheat being the prime example. Heat continues to rise beyond the boiling point (change of state) with the vapor contained.
how is the superheating and subcooling done practically?
Very informative, thank you very much!
Thanks Akrom!
Brilliant explanation 👏🏻👍🏻
3:23 - What is discharge superheat and how is it calculated? The discharge line contains superheated vapor from the compressor outlet to the top of the condenser coil; but, I only recently heard of “discharge superheat” for diagnosis. Any insights?
Thank you!!!
Thanks so much! Hoping to make contribution in the future.
Thanks a lot Russell YT!
thanks
I hv a 3 ton heatpump txv 20 yrs old, supercool is 14F, superheat is 10F if temp taken at evap vs 13F if taken outside on vapor line, outside was 94F, inside 76F, 1350 cfm on med tap measured low SP @.28 spec is .5 . Should use the superheat of 10F using temp at evap vs higher outside vapor line? How do these sound? l believe good, Thank you, love the channel.
Good explanation well done.
We need superheated to prevent liquid slugging but when we charge a unit with 410a we have to charge into suction port with liquid only? Thats pure liquid going right into the compressor.
So we are measuring sensible heat not saturation latent heat
Can you explain the process of finding saturation temperature to minus it from the evap outlet to find the super heat
I know that a metering device is more or less just a constriction in the piping (or a small opening within a TX valve), but why does forcing a liquid to flow through a constriction cause that liquid to drop in pressure? I thought it would have the opposite effect? Isn't forcing it through a smaller piece of piping effectively "squeezing" the liquid, which would cause an increase in pressure? Great video by the way!
So I want you to think of a garden hose. It is high pressure when it comes through the nozzle but once it is in the lager volume space in this case just into the air above your yard, all of the sudden the pressure goes down and the water becomes atmospheric pressure. So the refrigerant enters the metering device as a high pressure liquid in a small line but comes out in a much lower pressure and higher volume area once it makes it from the distributor tubes to the evaporator coil as the distributor tubes direct the refrigerant flow into multiple 3/8" tubes. Let me know if that helps! Thanks Souldrinker!
Okay. So The constriction on it's own doesn't cause the pressure drop, it does it by making the space through which the liquid flows smaller before it arrives at the evaporator, which is significantly larger than the space through which it just came? where I assume it expands, lowering the pressure? (If that't not how it works and I've misunderstood, feel free to say so, metering devices have always confused me!) Also thanks to you I finally understand superheat and subcooling, so thank you very much for that!
I think you got it, it is the pressure drop on the other side of the metering device that the refrigerant goes through. Metering device lowers the pressure, compressor increases the pressure. One side of the system is high pressure and one side low when running. Glad to hear you understand superheat and subcooling. Keep on learning. You will be able to then use not only for charging but for diagnosis when the system is not operating correctly.
Great, glad I finally understand metering devices! thanks for the help. One final question, do you know if all the same principles apply to automotive A/C systems? (I'm hoping to become a mechanic.)
Souldrinker to reduce it's pressure as it enters the evaporator
So Im a novice... I have Fieldpiece and i basically teach myself by listening so when there's high humidity my total superheat or Target superheat will be higher meaning the numbers will be higher? I wish I went to school for this s***
what is temperature subcooled & superheated
Very well explained
Thanks Mir!
Very good lecture!
Thanks Sparky!
very well explained
Thanks!
I'm just learning in some ways, but it's funny how you can know something for a long time, and then someone says it in just a simple way to makecit all click. The light went on.
Thats so awesome!
good instructor------SUBSCRIBED!
is it possible to have a built in gauge next to the evaporator and condenser to check for superheating and subcooling?
Does higher superheat confirms there will be only vapour in the suction line of compressor?
Thank you for the video
Say if the ac stays dormant.Should I recover the refrigerant If theres a possible leak at the evap coil?
When it is dormant,is the refriegerant a gas or liquid at the coil?
Thats where I believe the leak is at.
What refrigerant is it. Even though R410A is a mix of two refrigerants, it can be topped off with new refrigerant added in. I really researched that topic. Other refrigerants such as blends with 3-6 refrigerants inside with different sat temps should be recovered and started as new. R-22 is single component so you could just add more. If it is a package unit, you would need to recover anyway and weigh in the total weight as stated on the rating plate, thanks!
From your POV what would be the hardest things to learn in the hvac field???
Really nothing that is the hardest thing u will run into many situations that will be difficult from wiring to Freon pressures but if I had to say what I hate the most would be shorts in wiring
On your refrigeration system. Why is the service valve located on the liquid line? Does that make a difference if the service valve is located on the discharge side when calculating subcooling?
Yes it would. If the high side service valve is on the discharge before the condenser then you would not be calculating true subcooling since the pressure will be higher but manufacturers of package units sometimes do that and give you a charging chart on the inside of the shroud to follow, thanks!
Nice explanation...thanks.
The wet bulb is that the evap coil sensor?
Hey man good job keep doing what you’re doing and great videos.
Thanks Jonatan!
A small comment; if this is the way the system works, the fan is adding its working heat to the condenser. Is that right? I thought the cooling medium flow must always be counterflow with the refrigerant.
Condenser fan motor working heat is discharged from the condenser into the atmosphere having no effect on the performance of the condenser in case of Air conditioning and inside of a building in case of refrigerators/freezers or water coolers/dehumidifiers and perhaps some of these portable AC units.
Evaporator motor working heat is discharged in the cooled area been cooled in the same time unless on air-conditioners someone has already designed fan motor been outside and blower cage or fan blade witch shaft been in the cooling duct separated by design.
"Cooling medium"? do you mean an air?
So you need wetbulb reading for superheat? Just got Field piece probes, will they not give me super heat unless I use the psychrometer…..which I don’t have.
Sticker on my AC unit is completely faded and unreadable except for model number. Googling for the model, turns up nothing but given 36 in model number, I'm guessing I have a 3Ton unit. It's R410A unit. Is there a way, from this limited info, to determine the superheat and subcool values for this unit from about 2006? There is no thermostatic expansion valve. There is a readble name on the blower fan that reads Puron and I know R410A is sometimes called puron so not sure. My units (2 of them) are frakensteined. Over the years, previous owner just wrote blank checks to do whatever minimal repairs to prop these things up. I know they draw about 3kw when on and doing the math, it seems they are 12 seer units.
I want to replace them next year. Looking at the Mr. Cool brand, 3 ton switchable to 2 ton (18, 20 seer respectively)....
Any advice you have is greatly appreciated
Nice
The terminology is confusing to me. you mention that super heat is a number, ie a difference (or delta) between two points in the system , but then you say you have to "have" super heat. wouldn't you always have super heat as this is just a temp difference? When you say you have to have super heat are you meaning you have to have a particular value difference? Also when you use the term saturation what does that mean. I take the term saturation like when you add a substance to water like sugar there is a point where you can not add any more sugar, ie it is saturated. I can't see how that definition would apply here, is there a different meaning of the term saturation here? Thanks
You explained metering devices working very well. Now can you explain how the refrigerant it self reacts to the HP system workings. Some would use water as an example but that doesnt seem to work for me . The temp of the raw refrigerant at ambient may help. Why would a liquid boil at a lower temp ?
These may help. A liquid boils when it has room to expand - ua-cam.com/video/yBqDkbuyuIo/v-deo.html&index=2 -- ua-cam.com/video/Os2WMQxGSws/v-deo.html
G
You do not want a girdling sound in your evaporator, correct , that means we want it a Lower pressure vapor in the evaporator , that is why it is called a evaporator, or to vaporize! Not too too low pressure or the evaporator tubes will start to freeze !
The alrights just got to me, how many where there?
Way too many. The newer videos should have none. Sorry about that. It was an old teaching habit where I went around the room and looked at everybody's eyes for comprehension.
Thank you! Very well explained!
Glad to help!
Ok I understand but how do you adjust on the gauges
Check out other ACSERVICETECH videos on the HVACR topics of interest at- ua-cam.com/channels/OZR-1IqsAer9wzlvFgb4mA.htmlplaylists?view_as=public