My Dad was part of the crew on a 5 inch gun during WW2.I was able to tour the Iowa a few years ago and I brought back pictures and a piece of the old deck for my Dad before he passed away.He enjoyed sharing stories of his service durning the war and I loved hearing those stories.
Man, that brought back memories. Great video! I was stationed in the engine rooms (USS Missouri BB-63; 1985-88) but I've done that crawl through all three gun turrets and a lot more spaces besides. It really has to be experienced to be believed. I remember standing at that primerman's station, wondering what it would be like to see that quarter-million pound breech block coming back at you like a freight train when those guns were fired....
Thank you for sharing this amazing tour along with superb graphics to accompany it. It is so incredible how cramped it is throughout the barbette and how much is crammed within. I'd hate to think of what it took to have to replace a piece of equipment deep within. Also, I thank all of you dedicated sailors who served our great nation keeping us safe here at home.
So much for the 'romanticism' of being a member of a 16" gun crew in a WWII battleship. Man, that looked like really hard work....to say nothing for claustrophobic. Sooo much respect.
I agree. Well informed and informative. Concise and, perhaps most importantly to me, he knows how to keep his voice down and aware of echo. I do some voice work; that's why it matters to me.
It's a lot more complex than I ever imagined. So much equipment! A lot of complex things to know and do in hot, cramped, dangerous conditions. Hats off!
Such an incredible piece of hardware, designed by incredible people who had no modern computers, just slide rules and knowhow. Manned by incredible people who just had to know their jobs so well they couldn't possibly forget no matter how stressful things got. My uncle was a gunner. He worked his way up from ordnance striker to Gunner's Mate to Chief Turret Captain, then Gunner as a Warrant Officer then Ensign and all they way up to Commander, all in naval gunnery. He was never on an Iowa class but he spent most of WWII on other classes of battleships. In total he served on active duty from 1930-1959. I miss him.
I was priveleged to be a test target for the Iowa's first firing. Was sailing toward Ft. Lauderdale, watching the Iowa from 6-7 miles when it fired toward me approx 10 deg off my bow. A real sight for me a former fire control tech.!
I used to work at Navy Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility, Bremerton and had the opportunity to extensively explore the USS MISSOURI and the USS NEW JERSEY. The pride the crew took in the MISSOURI was very evident in the ship's condition and cleanliness. The NEW JERSEY, on the other hand, the crew basically threw the keys over their shoulder as they walked down the brow for the last time. There was still oil in the deep fat fryer in the crew's galley. There was trash and dirt all through the ship. It did not appear that the JERSEY was a particularly happy vessel. The MISSOURI damn near sparkled and could have gone to war in 24 hours. Still, both were fascinating to crawl through. The job did not pay a lot but it was one of the more fun jobs I have had.
I saw the Missouri when she visited Sydney , Australia in the mid '80s . What a big , beautiful ship . We could not get aboard as they closed access just as we were entering the gates to the naval base ( too many people ) . I would not be able to work in such a closed off space , I would panic.
@@j.s.cj.s.c7213 Yes, Camden is a cesspool. Fortunately the ship is on the riverfront in a nice park, and if you take the little ferry from Philly's Penn's Landing you don't even have to go through any of Camden at all. I did that and really enjoyed the tour of the (now clean) ship.
I signed my only enlistment extension on the side of the Iowa's #1 turret. A few Years later reenlisted inside the Captain's Wardroom on the Wisconsin. Each time the ships were in Philadelphia's Mothball Fleet! Loved Battleships all my life. I wish I could have had this kind of tour way back then!
I remember doing that crawl several times aboard Iowa to make sure my 2nd Division sailors were all at their stations. Thanks for the great video, Kert, and thanks for posting James.
Fascinating ! Thanks so much for producing and providing this film ! And God bless the sailors who manned this and all the other U.S. Navy ships. Eternal rest grant to those who gave their lives in defense of this country.
Visited this magnificent ship almost 5 years ago. Can't wait till I get to go again. All you volunteers have done a great job in getting her, from a layman's viewpoint, ship shape. I was very impressed with how clean she was. It seemed to me that she could easily have been fired up and put to sea with little more than getting the sailors to do it.
IMHO, we are nowhere near the national mindset of WWII, where Iowa was built in about 2.5 years. No way that would happen today. I sit here and watch the container terminal across the channel completely shut down for lunch, no eating in shifts, shut 'er down. A dry dock refit would take in excess of a year today...
The powder used in US Navy warships from before the year 1900 was pure nitrocellulose (termed "single base") -- the original "smokeless powder" -- with a tiny amount of stabilization and acid absorbing chemicals. The French also used this kind of powder ("Poudre "B"). Most other nations used "double-based" propellants using a percentage of nitroglycerine (Dynamite) to increase power and allow smaller amounts of powder -- the British "Cordite" had roughly half of its weight in nitroglycerine (varied over the years) though most other nations used less of this powerful, but somewhat dangerous, explosive in their propellants. The difference can be seen in that the British warship HMS HOOD blew up from one shell hit from BISMARCK that set off an aft powder magazine, while USS BOISE, a late-model US light cruiser, suffered a direct Japanese 8" AP shell hit in one of its forward magazines that set it off and, while the front end of the ship eventually burned up, the powder did not explode. ARIZONA blew up from an AP bomb hit in a magazine at Pearl Harbor primarily due to the fact that none of the ship's damage control or sprinklers systems were fully working due to it being a Sunday at peace (so they thought until rudely awakened!) so that the powder could cook as long as it needed to blow up the magazine and set the rest of the nearby magazines off too. No other large US warship suffered a similar fate, even the unlucky BOISE, during the entire time of WWII after Pearl Harbor. During WWII night battles became common and some lower-temperature (requiring a larger amount of powder) "flashless" double-base propellants (nitrocellulose and nitroguanidine) were developed that had dimmer, reddish-colored blast at the gun muzzle so it had less chance of blinding the deck personnel, including the officers running the ship -- this was the only exception to the use of single-base propellants in most US Navy guns during WWII, to my knowledge.
Mr. Okun, thank you very much for your comments. Many on the Iowa (at least some on staff and volunteers on the Tour Dept.) use your site NAVWEAPS as a resource. I especially like the technical papers/essays, my favorite being "How to design a ship". As Senior Tour Lead, having been on Iowa since day 1 in San Pedro, I get tons of questions that your site has given me the ability to answer. Thanks so much. Have you ever, or are you going to, visit the Iowa? Would love to meet you...
@@DirtyCatBox HMS Hood had been the largest warship in the world for years, but only being a battlecruiser it didn't have the armour to cope with a direct hit to the magazine from a ship as well armed as the Bismarck, was only sent after the Bismarck as because of the Washington naval treaty and the immense costs of ww1 to Britain, few battleships had been made since ww1 so there weren't enough big gunned battleships available that were fast enough to outrun the Bismarck, so HMS prince of Wales and HMS Hood were sent, and the world was shocked to hear the long most feared warship was lost, had a massive impact on British morale, avenging the "mighty Hood" was a big thing in Britain. Not happy their pride of long and illustrious naval power had been so publicly been questioned, the battleships had long been the Royal Navy's pride, and for centuries the Royal Navy had ruled the waves. Shame there's no British battleships left, but they had bigger problems than preservation during and after ww2, paying for 1 and a half world war allied victories had bankrupted them.
This video was terrific. I never realized how complicated gun turrets were. I hope the people involved received some kind of award for this most excellent video.
Toured a gun turret on the USS New Jersey - even more cramped than appears in this video. Was disappointed that you couldn't tour the engine rooms. When in London toured the HMS Belfast. You could tour almost all the mechanical spaces - the engine and boiler rooms were incredible.
That was very interesting. I've never been on any large ship but have had an interest in them since I was a young lad. I've seen film footage of ship big guns firing but only from an outside view and wondered the internal part of the turret ect. It's incredible the engineering that goes into designing and building one of these ships. I also enjoyed reading the comments from people that have been sailors on big ships or have toured one. I hope someday I can see one inside and out. Thanks for this video.
And that is but a small part of an entire Iowa class battleship, designed with SLIDE RULES and built by men and machines from PAPER BLUEPRINTS! Not a silicon chip in sight....
@Beau Beaubien Maybe Ralph meant the difference between old school building on 'ways' versus todays modular techniques. Also, Iowa actually has a lot of riveted construction. Welding was still being tweaked in.
Seeing this video (a darned good video in my opinion by the way!) reminded me of a story my late father (WWII Royal Navy) used to tell me. When exercising, sometimes the command from the bridge would come down to the powder magazine, to 'Flood the magazine!'. This was to simulate a situation where the ship had been damaged in such a way that fire/heat was threatening to set off the tons of Cordite in their silk bags and destroy the whole ship. I'm not sure how often my father did this, but on at least one occasion, he reported the order back to the Bridge: 'Flooding Magazine, sir! Guggle, guggle, guggle.......... Its only when you see videos like this, that you realise just how little was the chance for survival for crews below decks! Heroes ALL! RIP........
Perceptive. One of the Tour Leads was on the carrier Midway and he tells of a shipwide announcement done by the XO when the ship had just started a return trip home. The XO had an electric drill and keyed the microphone "This is a drill! This is a drill!" whrrrrrr whrrr..... As far as the men who sail below....you are correct. One thing I do on tours is try to hit guests very hard with the reality that only rarely do those men get out. Check out this poem... docs.google.com/document/d/1uZfnIYiJsJh_BBlMPnT9UrMxtcG-R5ZTxj2l5UsVLhU/edit?usp=sharing
@@jamespobog3420 I was a Boiler Tech on an aircraft carrier. Sailing down below was so hard to explain to friends and family. I hope to bring my daughters on a tour of a main machinery space one day.
@@ctbeach Watch this vid I produced. I was also a BT, active duty 71-73. The pic at 2:18 is me somewhere in the South China Sea. ua-cam.com/video/oUt_G6vboic/v-deo.html
I had a friend who served on the Battle Ship BB-55 North Carolina. he was a BoM 2nd class. He told me a lot of interesting tales of the war when serving on the "Show Boat", He was one of the first on board when it was sent into action....William "Bill" Rowlett was his name
Superb narration, thanks. The information has changed the way I view these big guns when fired. I was never aware of the complexity. Those tight quarters would demand a special type of person. Impressive 14 minutes.
Excellent video and presentation. Narrator really knows his stuff without being boring. The spaces for the gun crews seem to be more crammed then a submarine. All I could really think of though was the poor sailors who lost their lives during the Iowa explosion. Hoping for more videos. Again a great job Bravo Zulu.
#763 Thank You for very fine educational video. While the Iowa Class was building, research was in progress to cut the complex system of firing by Gibbs and Cox. New caliber heavy rifles were designed with a simpler operation. A 17.7 inch/50 cal./twin turret was being designed for faster loading. More shells in flight per minute to devastate the target much quicker. The invention of the Anti Ship Missile with absolute targeting ended the heavy rifle project.
Toured the Massachusetts in '83 or '82 with another Ike shipmate, found an old-timer plankowner cleaning and painting a space to be opened later, talked to him for a good while, highlight of the tour.
Phenomenal demonstration. I never knew how complex the turrets were, nor how far they extended beneath deck! Very fascinating. Thank you for the tour and commentary!
My wife and I got to do a below deck tour of BB-63 back in 2004, and then an above deck tour of BB-61 in 2013. These ships are extremely high technology; not just for their day, but even right now. Their ability to put shells on an exact spot, from over 15 miles away, on rough seas, with bad weather, is nothing less than impossibly amazing.
I find the ship and it's tech a strange dichotomy, some very primitive beat-to-fit things (the workbench in Forward Aux. Machinery Room is actually IN the bilges) to the tech of the main gun fire control system that is so astounding that even today it would be the choice for a battleship because of it's robust, bulletproof nature and accuracy. That system was an advantage so big in WWII that it is almost indescribable. Not sure if you know, but the radars for the Mk38 director, both the early Mk8 and the later Mk13 were phased array. In WWII. Amazing...
this was a great video! crazy seeing just how much went into firing these guns, I would love to see it operating with the crew working at their stations. I came from adamthewoo's video on this ship and its tragic hearing about all the sailors that died, cant imagine what it would have been like to be there.
I was there also, I was in 2nd division , we maned the lower portion of the turret. I was one of a few from 2nd not in turret at the time, the explosion killed all my friends.i think of them everyday.
I have been on the tour and wished I could tour the turret and the engine room. This video was really eye opening and I appreciate it. These ships are National Treasures and I hope they never get scrapped. Thank you
There is a premium ticket now that takes you to Aft Plot, Boiler Room 4, Engine Room 2, Sick Bay, and CEC. Get details on the website, it's called Full Steam Ahead.
It is funny, when you were on the electric deck I could smell the hydraulic fluid. I spent many a hour soaking up the hydraulic fluid with a hand sponge and a bucket. On a normal day around 5 gallons of hydraulic fluid would leak in the electric deck...being one of the low men on the totem pole it was one of my primary daily jobs to clean it up.
I've heard about those turret leaks. T3 is supposed to have small lakes of it on the lower levels right now, as well as virtually every surface (at least in my experience in T1) is sticky, like it's coated with honey.
Thanks for the tour. Age and illness make it impossible for me to ever get inside the turret even if it was open. I'm a USN vet who always wanted to see inside a battleship.
Worked very well, but today there would need to be refinements. Probably the biggest flaw (I've heard) is that the rammer control has no position detentes. Like a trombone, you need to know where to place the lever to get the rammer speed you want. IMHO, that is NOT optimum...
That was one of the most interesting videos I’ve seen. I’ve read a lot about WW 2 and especially the pacific theatre. I always wondered what really went into firing these big guns, combat footage only shows the firing of the shells and not the work to get them loaded and ready to fire. Hope to see more of these videos.
Ken .......checked out your message and it must have been exciting to go through the battleship. Have always wanted to check out a battleship but never got the opportunity. Did walk on an aircraft carrier that was set up like a museum in Corpus Christie Texas a number of years ago on a business trip. Being disabled now any opportunity to crawl through a battleship is gone now but I still think their beautiful ships. Sometimes I wonder how they can keep those things afloat (lol). God bless my friend.
Wow that's incredible... Two things struck me in particular, No. 1 is just how small and confined those spaces are, definitely not for those that are claustrophobic. No. 2 is just how many different manufacturing steps are involved in building these ships and the technological advances necessary... It's incredible.
That gun was made at the Watervliet arsenal across the river from me. There are 12, 14 and 16 inch rifled barrels on outdoor display that can be seen from I-787 . When I passed by today I noticed they've added a an M-1 Abrams tank.
My older half-brother served on the USS Missouri during the Korean War. I got to visit it with my parents when it was docked in Norfolk. What a magnificent ship! My half-brother said the ship jumped 8 feet over in the water when they fired a full broadside! I understand that Naval tactics have changed, but I still miss the Mighty Mo and the other amazing battleships.
Everything in that turret was drawn by hand, on drawing tables, on paper. The man hours and skill required to design and construct such a vessel is hard to imagine.
She was also built by hand. Every man and woman who worked on her construction was a tradesman. All those welds were by hand. A problem involved with the construction of the F1 rocket motor from Saturn. Every motor made was hand assembled and welded. As such, none were identicle. The drawings are also too vague for today's engineers. Who don't have the same skills, and as such, don't know how to assemble an F1 I'm the same manner. Only rescently the F1-b design was patented by NASA. After Many engineers of all ages failing there way through experimental builds to get to success. The F1-b is designed around today's tech rather than today's assembly skills. My point is. Those same craftsmen skills were involved on Iowa and her sisters.
Nice video on the turrets, and how they function from deck to deck ! I served on the New Jersey in the early eighties. My GQ station was in the powder flats of turret 3. I hope in time you will be able to let tours go into the lower sections of the ship. People will definitely find it interesting!!
Great video. How scary it must have been knowing how difficult it was to get in those areas and move around. If it was sinking you’d play hell getting out!
I've been amazed with battleships since I was a little guy. Late 60's my family lived in Leland, NC just spitting distance from BB-55. I've toured her 3 times just this year alone and it never gets old. The only Iowa Class ship I will have a chance to tour will be BB-64, Wisconsin.
Great vid thank you. Such a shame so much is gone from these grand old ladies - scrap/theft/safety. Have BB61 in full broadside as my computer wallpaper so see her every day :) . Built for/in bad times yes, but the design and raw power of these ships should be saved forever. Nice to hear USS Juneau (CL52) has been found 76 years on too. R.I.P
Very nice video. Thanks. I got into the back of the rear turret on The New Jersey. It's amazing how little room there really is in them. Being 6' 4", 285, it not too easy moving around.
Very informative: Check out USS North Carolina in Wilmington NC they have the whole system open and tourable to the tourist. They have dozens of projectiles in place and dozens of powder cans in place also. The top turret and the 4th and 5th deck are open and accessible.
The USS Alabama BB-60 is open for viewing everyday at Battleship Park at the North End of Mobile Bay on the I-10 Causeway, near Mobile, Alabama! There is also the USS Drum Submarine and a bunch of Airplanes Including a B-52 Bomber and SR-71 Spy plane. Great place to visit with several restaurants nearby! See more here USS Alabama Battleship Memorial Park www.ussalabama.com/explore/uss-alabama-battleship/
In Battleship Cove, Fall River, Massachusetts, is the USS Massachusetts. You can crawl all through the turret systems, self-guided. It's a huge treat for anyone who appreciates the engineering behind these massive 16" guns :-)
I was Navy in the '70's, and the 3 ships I served on (4, counting Iowa now) were all WWII-era ships. The SoDaks are the last of the Washington Naval Treaty-built ships and to me have a completely different 'feel' to them. They 'felt' completely different in a way that I did not recognize. Nevertheless, they are very cool because of the virtual complete access.
I toured the North Carolina in the early 70's. At that time the #1 turret was accessible from the deck by the two underside hatches allowing exploration of the areas aft of the main shaft. I arrived at wharfside at the opening time and was one of the last visitors off the ship at closing.
Toured the North Carolina about 40 years ago. Sat in one of the 40 mm quad mounts over the stern and actually moved the thing around. Manual operation was pretty easy. We traveled through the aft crews mess areas, officers quarters, inside a 5" turret, the Citadel, a soda fountain and a radio/communications area. When you are in Willmington, NC take the tour; if anything else you can see a soup pot big enough to have a paddle for stiring in the mess.
@@sparkknocker6222 I was also there in the mid-60s as a teen with my parents. It was one of my most favorite memories! Later, when I had kids of my own we visited the USS Alabama and the USS Texas. Great memories! Thanks for sharing.
Fascinating! Thank you for the excellent presentation by Mr. VanderMeulen. I've produced 2D & 3D animation for my career, and had jobs in production houses that did live action where I got to work on the fringes of set-building & shoots... So I have to salute you for the fine work. Had to remind self that Somebody had to go ahead to record his entrance into those cramped spaces, emerging from another tiny cramped tunnel, companionway, or ladder. No place for claustrophobes, right? I've seen diagrams, but this tour with your explanations and a few finely presented graphics does a GREAT JOB. Holy Cow, it's sobering to think of the centuries of warfare that contributed hard-earned design principles we see in all the systems and devices.
US and German major warships were unique in that they (eventually) had Remote Power Control (RPC) where the electro-mechanical ballistic computer in the Plot Room would directly control the turret rotation and gun elevation "untouched by human hands" with the older "follow the pointer" manual control (the pointer that the sailor looked at being set by the computer) now relegated as a backup, and local control as a backup to that. This RPC system was slowly added to most major US warships during WWII as bugs were fixed, with only some of the oldest warships never getting it. The larger 3-5" US Navy AA gun control systems got RPC much faster during WWII as the older manual systems were found to be way too slow to keep up with modern high-speed (for the time), highly-maneuverable aircraft. Even some of the smaller 40mm guns got a form of it by the end of WWII on some ships. When combined with the eventual use of proximity (tiny short-range radars, in effect) nose fuzes in the larger AA shells ("Variable Time" or "VT"), US AA guns during WWII were the best at the low number of shots per kill of a plane, compared to any other nation (land or sea AA system). This is a monumental achievement!
The German Navy did indeed use RPC, initially only for elevation of the guns. I believe the Germans used a variable displacement hydraulic swash plate pump with the swash plate positioned by a small piston itself acting as a booster to a small electric motor positioned servo valve. That was their usual practice. The US 5” DP turret used a rotating electric amplifier called an amplidyne. I don’t know what servo the Iowa’s used for main guns but the US military often favoured electric systems. The computers used in the US Navy were usually by a company called Ford (unrelated to the car company) and were referred to as “range keepers” just as the UK Admiralty refered to them as “tables”. The Nordern bombsight came out of the US Navy and used competing concepts developed for the big guns. The computers on the Bismarck were know as K38 (the 15” guns were 38cm). The Bismarck was a much earlier Battleship to the Iowa. At the time the Iowa keels were being layed the Germans were laying down the keels of two of their planed H class battleships which also had 16” guns. They put down about 8000 tons before scrapping them both and putting the resources into building uboats instead. Battleships take a long time to build and it was thought they would be ready before the war was over. The US faced the same problem but continued to build the Iowa class in part because their speed allowed them to keep up with the carriers. Carriers are much faster to construct. The UK did use RPC on its latter capital ships, they were pioneers in applying it to 40mm AAA (the Pom Pom). The Pom Pom had terrible ballistics, 5000 yards range at 45 degrees compared to 11000 yards for the Bofors so it was rather pointless.
Iowa's Ford Rangekeepers are from Hannibal Ford's Ford Instrument Company, and are still on board and functional, though the fire control system is not powered now.
@@WilliamJones-Halibut-vq1fs During WWII the British never had a full RPG system on any large warship for their main guns. The British 1938 system used in some of its larger warships in WWII "Magslip" system is the closest and it only worked in bearing control after a human had used a follow-the-pointer hand control to get within 30 degrees on either side of the target bearing. The British "Synchronous" system introduced after WWI was a hybrid follow-the-pointer system with some improvements over the previous "step-by-step" system in that there was less chance of the indicated bearing and elevation orders at the follow-the-pointer stations in the gun turrets becoming "cocked off" from the values calculated by the computers, since there was no way to directly compare the two values other than by voice connection to the Transmitting Station where the computers were. Synchronous systems used closed-loop feedback to ensure that the circuit was correct at both ends, but it had more "slop" in its error so that the weapons would be somewhat farther off-center than with the step-by-step system. Magslip used an improved Synchronous system with enough amplified electrical power to directly control the gun mount aiming motors, but it still did not have a full-angle-range transmitted signal, hence the need to manually get it close to the target before it could take over. The US system used "synchros" (also called "selsyns" in older documents) starting sometime after WWI that worked at all angles and -- by stacking two of them onto a single circuit (one giving full angle range and one geared down 36-to-1 to give only 10 degrees to either side of the calculated angle, but the latter being 36 times as accurate) -- they could use a rather ingenious electrical circuit (replaced by a very small computer routine when digital computers came into use) to "slice off" the crude low-end portion of the main full-loop "1-speed" gear value and replace it with the much more accurate value of the "36-speed" secondary gear, which was known as a "two-speed" synchro circuit (there were even more accurate ones in some systems, but rarely used in fire-control systems where mechanical error was the main problem, not the calculated values). This completely solved the analog-type data transmission problem. A synchro was a rather simple concept: Three tightly-coiled electromagnets were powered up and arranged in a triangle. In the middle was a compass-type-needle that was a strong permanent magnet geared into the output values from the computer or, if feedback, from the gun mount position indicators. As the needle rotated with the motion of the mount, it caused the three electromagnets to alter their output currents -- becoming, in effect, a tiny electrical generator for each coil seperately. The relative current values for the three circuits was unique for any given needle angle so no manual inputs were required in any stage. When the current went into a receiver triangle, it created a mirror force that moved the permanent magnet needle there to the exact same angle!!!! By using the two-speed method, the receiver could get an extremely accurate duplicate of angle transmitted, allowing extremely accurate weapon aiming and feedback from the weapon to the computer to compare for improving the calculations. Note that ANYTHING that has a number can be changed to an angle value and sent this way (target range, target speed, etc.), giving a highly accurate and very high-speed feedback long-distance transmission loop for controlling things. The final icing on the cake for RPC was that the US synchro system used AC power, not the old DC power in older warships, so it could be put through an amplification circuit using vacuum-tube-controlled (later solid-state-controlled) transformers to boost the power with no loss in accuracy to as high a power as needed to directly move the controls aiming heavy gun turrets, completely replacing the follow-the-pointer system as the main control circuit.
Nathan Okun I only just realised you are THE Nathan Okun I’ve been enjoying reading for years. I have no military background. I’m an engineer who takes interest in historical control and computation. I can add the following information. 1 selsyn is a trademark of GE and is usually used when the device is used to directly transmit position on indicate. 2 synchro is a American term for a selsyn like device used as an position instrument with transmit receive pairs. 3 magslip is just the British term for synchro. I had thought this was some kind of eddy current drive but it’s a synchro. The magslip/synchro used in the British 40mm guns could either use a Metadyne (which is a amplidyne like device in a ward leonard style servo control) or position a hydraulic valve. books.google.de/books?id=VD_b81J3yFoC&pg=PA131&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=metadyne%20pom%20pom&f=false books.google.de/books?id=b5ffAAAAMAAJ&q=metadyne+pom+pom&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEINTAD books.google.de/books?id=forfAAAAMAAJ&q=metadyne+pom+pom&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEISzAH Many German naval guns and heavy FLAK used a Pittler-Thoma hydraulic drive. I believe this was a swash plate style variable displacement pump. I suspect the swashplate was adjusted manually or by servo motor if RPC systems were used. The Germans developed electronic versions of the Kommandogerät 40 the 40e (a version by Askania) but I don’t know if it was DC like the US M9 director. The Germans had analog computers on the VW called the mischgeraet for the V2 exhaust fins that took dc signals from the potentiometers on the gyroscopes (essentially a PID controller) also used for Grund based solution of problems such as stability. In the misgerate DC was modulated to AC for amplification and if necessary back to DC again if integration was needed. Addition was via transformer coupling with a duel primary winding. Worked very well.
Thanks for making this video.I can't wait to get in there myself. Amazing and I had no idea the complexity of the whole turret. Looking forward to the opportunity to see it in person.
Very enjoyable. The guide spoke as if he knew what he was talking about, and not reading from a script. I'd like to see a detailed tour, stem to stern, of a Vietnam era Naval Destroyer, DD or DDG.
I toured Iowa a few weeks ago and was a little disappointed with how little you get to see. I seem to remember seeing a bit more on Missouri, although neither let you get into the turrets or below decks. I don't recall getting to go on the aft missile deck of Missouri which you can on Iowa. That all being said, these videos are fantastic showing the bowels of the ship. Good stuff!
Sorry we didn't meet your expectations. What else would you have liked to see? People forget that the other museum ships have been around for decades, we've been open 6 years. These things take time.
james pobog Anything below the main deck, really. I get that the museum doesn't have unlimited funding or human resources and that it's a work in progress. I also understand that parts of the ship are exceedingly dangerous. I wasn't disappointed with the tour or your ship and I'll definitely be back at some point for the extended tour. My bucket list goal is to tour all four Iowa's, I've got Iowa and Missouri knocked off so far. You're the same guy in the behind the scenes Iowa tour video, no?
If you get the chance I recommend visiting either Massachusetts or Alabama. Both South Dakotas (very similar to the Iowas but still in their WWII configuration, AA guns and all), and both are very accessible, allowing access below decks, well into the superstructure, 16 and 5 inch turrets, etc. IIRC on Alabama you can see a bit more of the interior of the turrets and go a little higher in the superstructure, while on Massachusetts you can see a bit more of the below decks area. Hopefully one day the Iowas will be able to open up more of the ships to the public.
You can climb into the turrets of USS Alabama in Mobile, via the deck hatch. However, the lack of maintenance shows, as the windows into the guns from fire control are very dirty, and the lights in there are dimmer than the one in my oven at home!
If you go to into the turret, bring a flashlight as the lighting is poor to zero in the actual gun well. Also note, in the gun well there is a door in the front of the outside guns. There were men in there as well.
Everytime I watch videos on ww2 era battle ships it hurts my brain just trying to imagine how they designed these things on pencil paper and slide rule then the human muscle to build it truly amazing.
Fantastic video. Very professionally done. Just the right amount of info. Every word you said added to the info,... no extraneous bul**hit. The graphics were really helpful as well. I'm retired USAF, but I've always been interested in naval weapons like these. Thanks.
Unbelievable the amount of design and engineering that goes into this great ships.
My Dad was part of the crew on a 5 inch gun during WW2.I was able to tour the Iowa a few years ago and I brought back pictures and a piece of the old deck for my Dad before he passed away.He enjoyed sharing stories of his service durning the war and I loved hearing those stories.
Man, that brought back memories. Great video! I was stationed in the engine rooms (USS Missouri BB-63; 1985-88) but I've done that crawl through all three gun turrets and a lot more spaces besides. It really has to be experienced to be believed. I remember standing at that primerman's station, wondering what it would be like to see that quarter-million pound breech block coming back at you like a freight train when those guns were fired....
Thank you for sharing this amazing tour along with superb graphics to accompany it. It is so incredible how cramped it is throughout the barbette and how much is crammed within. I'd hate to think of what it took to have to replace a piece of equipment deep within. Also, I thank all of you dedicated sailors who served our great nation keeping us safe here at home.
So much for the 'romanticism' of being a member of a 16" gun crew in a WWII battleship. Man, that looked like really hard work....to say nothing for claustrophobic. Sooo much respect.
And get rekt by gay who did terract
my dad was he was the 88 plank owner on Iowa bb61 boarded 1942 nov.
Not everyone is clusterphobic!
@@donraptor6156 I am...and a Signalman on the weatherdeck where I belong LOL.
Nice video. This guy is a good guide. No "you knows, uhs, ahs". He knew what he was talking about.
Mike is pretty good, he's very smart, holds a 3rd Engineer maritime ticket...
I cut those out during editing- kv
Not a millennial.
I agree. Well informed and informative. Concise and, perhaps most importantly to me, he knows how to keep his voice down and aware of echo.
I do some voice work; that's why it matters to me.
It's a lot more complex than I ever imagined. So much equipment! A lot of complex things to know and do in hot, cramped, dangerous conditions. Hats off!
The very noticeable paradox is that externally, she is gigantic, but inside, she can be EXTREMELY cramped.
Such an incredible piece of hardware, designed by incredible people who had no modern computers, just slide rules and knowhow. Manned by incredible people who just had to know their jobs so well they couldn't possibly forget no matter how stressful things got.
My uncle was a gunner. He worked his way up from ordnance striker to Gunner's Mate to Chief Turret Captain, then Gunner as a Warrant Officer then Ensign and all they way up to Commander, all in naval gunnery. He was never on an Iowa class but he spent most of WWII on other classes of battleships. In total he served on active duty from 1930-1959. I miss him.
E-1 to O-6 including Warrants is quite an accomplishment. He gets a Bravo Zulu from me.
I was priveleged to be a test target for the Iowa's first firing. Was sailing toward Ft. Lauderdale, watching the Iowa from 6-7 miles when it fired toward me approx 10 deg off my bow. A real sight for me a former fire control tech.!
I used to work at Navy Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility, Bremerton and had the opportunity to extensively explore the USS MISSOURI and the USS NEW JERSEY. The pride the crew took in the MISSOURI was very evident in the ship's condition and cleanliness. The NEW JERSEY, on the other hand, the crew basically threw the keys over their shoulder as they walked down the brow for the last time. There was still oil in the deep fat fryer in the crew's galley. There was trash and dirt all through the ship. It did not appear that the JERSEY was a particularly happy vessel. The MISSOURI damn near sparkled and could have gone to war in 24 hours. Still, both were fascinating to crawl through. The job did not pay a lot but it was one of the more fun jobs I have had.
Marcie and George Hopper , it’s in Camden NJ not Bayonne that’s why, Camden is a cesspool of a city. Politics made this dump decision.
Both ships could still go to war in relatively short order. Your description of the NEW JERSEY is not consistent with the vast majority of her crew.
I saw the Missouri when she visited Sydney , Australia in the mid '80s . What a big , beautiful ship . We could not get aboard as they closed access just as we were entering the gates to the naval base ( too many people ) .
I would not be able to work in such a closed off space , I would panic.
New Jersey sounds as if it represents that fine state quite accurately....junk, trash, classless.....
@@j.s.cj.s.c7213 Yes, Camden is a cesspool. Fortunately the ship is on the riverfront in a nice park, and if you take the little ferry from Philly's Penn's Landing you don't even have to go through any of Camden at all. I did that and really enjoyed the tour of the (now clean) ship.
I signed my only enlistment extension on the side of the Iowa's #1 turret. A few Years later reenlisted inside the Captain's Wardroom on the Wisconsin. Each time the ships were in Philadelphia's Mothball Fleet! Loved Battleships all my life. I wish I could have had this kind of tour way back then!
I remember doing that crawl several times aboard Iowa to make sure my 2nd Division sailors were all at their stations. Thanks for the great video, Kert, and thanks for posting James.
Good God !...what phenomenal engineering....Super vid. Loved it....Thanks for the tour
Yep, pretty amazing stuff. Many thanks...
IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT
Very very soon Battleship Iowa will be rolling out a T1/Gunnery tour. It's gonna be cool...
Fascinating !
Thanks so much for producing and providing this film !
And God bless the sailors who manned this and all the other U.S. Navy ships.
Eternal rest grant to those who gave their lives in defense of this country.
Visited this magnificent ship almost 5 years ago. Can't wait till I get to go again. All you volunteers have done a great job in getting her, from a layman's viewpoint, ship shape. I was very impressed with how clean she was. It seemed to me that she could easily have been fired up and put to sea with little more than getting the sailors to do it.
She'd need more than just a crew, all the sea chests are welded over, some main machinery is partially disassembled, etc.
james pobog I'm sure you're right. But I'll bet it wouldn't take long if we really needed her. Like an alien space invasion. Lol
IMHO, we are nowhere near the national mindset of WWII, where Iowa was built in about 2.5 years. No way that would happen today. I sit here and watch the container terminal across the channel completely shut down for lunch, no eating in shifts, shut 'er down.
A dry dock refit would take in excess of a year today...
james pobog In my opinion We Weren't in that mindset before Dec. 7th to begin with. Things change when you're fighting for your life.
Well, Iowa's keel was laid in 1940, and work was around the clock.
The powder used in US Navy warships from before the year 1900 was pure nitrocellulose (termed "single base") -- the original "smokeless powder" -- with a tiny amount of stabilization and acid absorbing chemicals. The French also used this kind of powder ("Poudre "B"). Most other nations used "double-based" propellants using a percentage of nitroglycerine (Dynamite) to increase power and allow smaller amounts of powder -- the British "Cordite" had roughly half of its weight in nitroglycerine (varied over the years) though most other nations used less of this powerful, but somewhat dangerous, explosive in their propellants. The difference can be seen in that the British warship HMS HOOD blew up from one shell hit from BISMARCK that set off an aft powder magazine, while USS BOISE, a late-model US light cruiser, suffered a direct Japanese 8" AP shell hit in one of its forward magazines that set it off and, while the front end of the ship eventually burned up, the powder did not explode. ARIZONA blew up from an AP bomb hit in a magazine at Pearl Harbor primarily due to the fact that none of the ship's damage control or sprinklers systems were fully working due to it being a Sunday at peace (so they thought until rudely awakened!) so that the powder could cook as long as it needed to blow up the magazine and set the rest of the nearby magazines off too. No other large US warship suffered a similar fate, even the unlucky BOISE, during the entire time of WWII after Pearl Harbor. During WWII night battles became common and some lower-temperature (requiring a larger amount of powder) "flashless" double-base propellants (nitrocellulose and nitroguanidine) were developed that had dimmer, reddish-colored blast at the gun muzzle so it had less chance of blinding the deck personnel, including the officers running the ship -- this was the only exception to the use of single-base propellants in most US Navy guns during WWII, to my knowledge.
Mr. Okun, thank you very much for your comments. Many on the Iowa (at least some on staff and volunteers on the Tour Dept.) use your site NAVWEAPS as a resource. I especially like the technical papers/essays, my favorite being "How to design a ship". As Senior Tour Lead, having been on Iowa since day 1 in San Pedro, I get tons of questions that your site has given me the ability to answer. Thanks so much.
Have you ever, or are you going to, visit the Iowa? Would love to meet you...
Always wondered about the Hood/Bismarck incident. Thx!
@@DirtyCatBox HMS Hood had been the largest warship in the world for years, but only being a battlecruiser it didn't have the armour to cope with a direct hit to the magazine from a ship as well armed as the Bismarck, was only sent after the Bismarck as because of the Washington naval treaty and the immense costs of ww1 to Britain, few battleships had been made since ww1 so there weren't enough big gunned battleships available that were fast enough to outrun the Bismarck, so HMS prince of Wales and HMS Hood were sent, and the world was shocked to hear the long most feared warship was lost, had a massive impact on British morale, avenging the "mighty Hood" was a big thing in Britain. Not happy their pride of long and illustrious naval power had been so publicly been questioned, the battleships had long been the Royal Navy's pride, and for centuries the Royal Navy had ruled the waves.
Shame there's no British battleships left, but they had bigger problems than preservation during and after ww2, paying for 1 and a half world war allied victories had bankrupted them.
This video was terrific. I never realized how complicated gun turrets were. I hope the people involved received some kind of award for this most excellent video.
Toured a gun turret on the USS New Jersey - even more cramped than appears in this video. Was disappointed that you couldn't tour the engine rooms. When in London toured the HMS Belfast. You could tour almost all the mechanical spaces - the engine and boiler rooms were incredible.
That was very interesting. I've never been on any large ship but have had an interest in them since I was a young lad. I've seen film footage of ship big guns firing but only from an outside view and wondered the internal part of the turret ect. It's incredible the engineering that goes into designing and building one of these ships. I also enjoyed reading the comments from people that have been sailors on big ships or have toured one. I hope someday I can see one inside and out. Thanks for this video.
And that is but a small part of an entire Iowa class battleship, designed with SLIDE RULES and built by men and machines from PAPER BLUEPRINTS! Not a silicon chip in sight....
Don't knock slide rules. They got us to the moon too!
@Simaka Wolf To generate an EMP to take out a ship, well the neutrons are a bit more of a worry.
Which is why they are better built now
@Beau Beaubien Maybe Ralph meant the difference between old school building on 'ways' versus todays modular techniques. Also, Iowa actually has a lot of riveted construction. Welding was still being tweaked in.
@Beau Beaubien I could tell you, but then i would have to......
Seeing this video (a darned good video in my opinion by the way!) reminded me of a story my late father (WWII Royal Navy) used to tell me.
When exercising, sometimes the command from the bridge would come down to the powder magazine, to 'Flood the magazine!'. This was to simulate a situation where the ship had been damaged in such a way that fire/heat was threatening to set off the tons of Cordite in their silk bags and destroy the whole ship.
I'm not sure how often my father did this, but on at least one occasion, he reported the order back to the Bridge: 'Flooding Magazine, sir! Guggle, guggle, guggle..........
Its only when you see videos like this, that you realise just how little was the chance for survival for crews below decks!
Heroes ALL! RIP........
Perceptive.
One of the Tour Leads was on the carrier Midway and he tells of a shipwide announcement done by the XO when the ship had just started a return trip home. The XO had an electric drill and keyed the microphone "This is a drill! This is a drill!" whrrrrrr whrrr.....
As far as the men who sail below....you are correct. One thing I do on tours is try to hit guests very hard with the reality that only rarely do those men get out.
Check out this poem...
docs.google.com/document/d/1uZfnIYiJsJh_BBlMPnT9UrMxtcG-R5ZTxj2l5UsVLhU/edit?usp=sharing
@@jamespobog3420 I was a Boiler Tech on an aircraft carrier. Sailing down below was so hard to explain to friends and family. I hope to bring my daughters on a tour of a main machinery space one day.
@@ctbeach
Watch this vid I produced. I was also a BT, active duty 71-73. The pic at 2:18 is me somewhere in the South China Sea.
ua-cam.com/video/oUt_G6vboic/v-deo.html
I had a friend who served on the Battle Ship BB-55 North Carolina. he was a BoM 2nd class. He told me a lot of interesting tales of the war when serving on the "Show Boat", He was one of the first on board when it was sent into action....William "Bill" Rowlett was his name
Really enjoyed the video loved the details of how much it takes to fire the guns
Excellent film! Thank you so much for this window into the technology of that time, and into the jobs of the sailors who operated the guns. Awesome!
Thanks for this video. My dad was Chief Engineer on the New Jersey during Vietnam.
Superb narration, thanks. The information has changed the way I view these big guns when fired. I was never aware of the complexity. Those tight quarters would demand a special type of person. Impressive 14 minutes.
The engineering is very impressive.
Excellent video and presentation. Narrator really knows his stuff without being boring.
The spaces for the gun crews seem to be more crammed then a submarine. All I could really think of though was the poor sailors who lost their lives during the Iowa explosion. Hoping for more videos. Again a great job Bravo Zulu.
Incredible! How all of that equipment was designed and made to work together is amazing! Engineering is way over my head.
#763 Thank You for very fine educational video. While the Iowa Class was building, research was in progress to cut the complex system of firing by Gibbs and Cox. New caliber heavy rifles were designed with a simpler operation. A 17.7 inch/50 cal./twin turret was being designed for faster loading. More shells in flight per minute to devastate the target much quicker. The invention of the Anti Ship Missile with absolute targeting ended the heavy rifle project.
I have been in the turret (the top level only) aboard the sister ship the USS New Jersey. Quite an experience. Thanks for the great video.
I was fortunate to crawl through all 3 Turrets on both the Iowa and Wisconsin as a civilian contractor. An experience I will never forget.
It is....different...isn't it?
Awesome tour , the size and strength of this stuff is mind blowing! Thanks.
Great video. The projectile platforms were not only polished, but oiled to aid the sailors when moving projectiles to the projectile hoist.
First time I ever got claustrophobia watching a video...Thanks James for publishing this.. And thank Kert for making it..
Turret 3 is open to the public on BB59, USS Massachusetts. I used to work with an old timer who was a fire control technician. Love these ships.
Toured the Massachusetts in '83 or '82 with another Ike shipmate, found an old-timer plankowner cleaning and painting a space to be opened later, talked to him for a good while, highlight of the tour.
Phenomenal demonstration. I never knew how complex the turrets were, nor how far they extended beneath deck! Very fascinating. Thank you for the tour and commentary!
Designed and engineered before computers! Absolutely amazing! Great clip!
My wife and I got to do a below deck tour of BB-63 back in 2004, and then an above deck tour of BB-61 in 2013.
These ships are extremely high technology; not just for their day, but even right now. Their ability to put shells on an exact spot, from over 15 miles away, on rough seas, with bad weather, is nothing less than impossibly amazing.
I find the ship and it's tech a strange dichotomy, some very primitive beat-to-fit things (the workbench in Forward Aux. Machinery Room is actually IN the bilges) to the tech of the main gun fire control system that is so astounding that even today it would be the choice for a battleship because of it's robust, bulletproof nature and accuracy. That system was an advantage so big in WWII that it is almost indescribable. Not sure if you know, but the radars for the Mk38 director, both the early Mk8 and the later Mk13 were phased array. In WWII. Amazing...
If the tour gets a little too dry for you, you can get some quick relief here: 13:37 Enjoy!
It took brave young men to put their lives at such risk. I remember and honor your service every November 11th. 🇺🇸
Spent a couple years on that ship during the reactivation! I attached many small brass plates in hidden places with my name on that ship!
this was a great video! crazy seeing just how much went into firing these guns, I would love to see it operating with the crew working at their stations. I came from adamthewoo's video on this ship and its tragic hearing about all the sailors that died, cant imagine what it would have been like to be there.
I was present. I'll tell you about it sometime if you want.
So was I. OT division March 1989 thru June 1990
I would imagine that death was instantaneous.
I was there also, I was in 2nd division , we maned the lower portion of the turret. I was one of a few from 2nd not in turret at the time, the explosion killed all my friends.i think of them everyday.
@@tonyvoelker6274 --- what was the cause of the explosion?
I have been on the tour and wished I could tour the turret and the engine room. This video was really eye opening and I appreciate it. These ships are National Treasures and I hope they never get scrapped. Thank you
There is a premium ticket now that takes you to Aft Plot, Boiler Room 4, Engine Room 2, Sick Bay, and CEC. Get details on the website, it's called Full Steam Ahead.
I love my country and every veteran. USN rocks!
It is funny, when you were on the electric deck I could smell the hydraulic fluid. I spent many a hour soaking up the hydraulic fluid with a hand sponge and a bucket. On a normal day around 5 gallons of hydraulic fluid would leak in the electric deck...being one of the low men on the totem pole it was one of my primary daily jobs to clean it up.
I've heard about those turret leaks. T3 is supposed to have small lakes of it on the lower levels right now, as well as virtually every surface (at least in my experience in T1) is sticky, like it's coated with honey.
What a great and fascinating video tour of that gun turret. Wow... so impressive. Thanks.
i havent come across a more exciting video tour of anything, better than this!
Please check this one out also...
Very impressive tour. The technology is really interesting. Thanks!
Although old, you had to have a mind of a million things to do, in comparison to push buttons of today. Like tying your shoe or using a Velcro strap.
Thanks for the tour. Age and illness make it impossible for me to ever get inside the turret even if it was open. I'm a USN vet who always wanted to see inside a battleship.
Have a look at this vidI invited Adam (the cameraman) and my stepson for a visit. This is the result.
ua-cam.com/video/dW83U4bkC_k/v-deo.html
Man, that is unbelievably complex. It’s amazing it worked so well. Heck, it’s amazing it worked at all!
Worked very well, but today there would need to be refinements. Probably the biggest flaw (I've heard) is that the rammer control has no position detentes. Like a trombone, you need to know where to place the lever to get the rammer speed you want. IMHO, that is NOT optimum...
That was one of the most interesting videos I’ve seen. I’ve read a lot about WW 2 and especially the pacific theatre. I always wondered what really went into firing these big guns, combat footage only shows the firing of the shells and not the work to get them loaded and ready to fire. Hope to see more of these videos.
Hi, Rich. See my quote above, about Battleship Cove. Well worth the trip.
Ken .......checked out your message and it must have been exciting to go through the battleship. Have always wanted to check out a battleship but never got the opportunity. Did walk on an aircraft carrier that was set up like a museum in Corpus Christie Texas a number of years ago on a business trip. Being disabled now any opportunity to crawl through a battleship is gone now but I still think their beautiful ships. Sometimes I wonder how they can keep those things afloat (lol). God bless my friend.
Rich: Sorry you're having some physical problems. FWIW, there was no crawling. I only had to go up & down some stairways. Regards.
It was good, but I prefer airplanes over weapon systems that were already obsolete when they were built.
One could say the same for very many airplanes...
Great video, very informative; it really gives you a perspective as to how hard it was to work in those turrets!
Wow that's incredible... Two things struck me in particular, No. 1 is just how small and confined those spaces are, definitely not for those that are claustrophobic. No. 2 is just how many different manufacturing steps are involved in building these ships and the technological advances necessary... It's incredible.
That gun was made at the Watervliet arsenal across the river from me. There are 12, 14 and 16 inch rifled barrels on outdoor display that can be seen from I-787 . When I passed by today I noticed they've added a
an M-1 Abrams tank.
That Armory in Watervaliet (or whateva) also makes the cannons for the USA tanks
Very informative. I can only imagine the hell it must have been for those sailors tasked to work on the various levels.
Very interesting and enjoyable; thank you! I was a Cold War era sailor that never went to sea (CTT.)
My older half-brother served on the USS Missouri during the Korean War. I got to visit it with my parents when it was docked in Norfolk. What a magnificent ship! My half-brother said the ship jumped 8 feet over in the water when they fired a full broadside! I understand that Naval tactics have changed, but I still miss the Mighty Mo and the other amazing battleships.
Sideways motion of battleships is a very common question. Please refer to this study.
www.navweaps.com/index_tech/tech-022.php
Great video, very informative and interesting, love the Iowa class battleships
Very interesting! Always been so impressive topside; had no idea of the complex details below deck. Very worthwhile video. Thank you.
No "Cad-Cam" back then! Only slide rules and large drafting tables. Just incredible!
Thank you! Incredibly complex and thought out. I never knew it had so many levels and redundancies.
Fascinating glimpse of history.
It's all so beautifully made, and thought out. The plot computers, those knobs...deserves a piece on their own.
Do a search for "Exploring Off Limit Areas WWII Battleship USS Iowa". 30 minutes, I think you'll enjoy it...
I did! What a machine - or rather what a collection of machines, in one. Very impressive. ua-cam.com/video/dW83U4bkC_k/v-deo.html
Everything in that turret was drawn by hand, on drawing tables, on paper. The man hours and skill required to design and construct such a vessel is hard to imagine.
She was also built by hand. Every man and woman who worked on her construction was a tradesman. All those welds were by hand. A problem involved with the construction of the F1 rocket motor from Saturn. Every motor made was hand assembled and welded. As such, none were identicle. The drawings are also too vague for today's engineers. Who don't have the same skills, and as such, don't know how to assemble an F1 I'm the same manner.
Only rescently the F1-b design was patented by NASA. After Many engineers of all ages failing there way through experimental builds to get to success. The F1-b is designed around today's tech rather than today's assembly skills.
My point is. Those same craftsmen skills were involved on Iowa and her sisters.
Nice video on the turrets, and how they function from deck to deck ! I served on the New Jersey in the early eighties. My GQ station was in the powder flats of turret 3. I hope in time you will be able to let tours go into the lower sections of the ship. People will definitely find it interesting!!
The turrets will take time, but we now run very limited availability tours to 3rd deck.
james pobog, In early summer, I am going to Camden NJ to visit the New Jersey. First time to see her in 32 years......I can't wait!!
me too MM2 Uss Tripoli LPH 10 Uss Stein FF 1065 and Uss Dixon AS 37, did 12 years
Very cool, it will be exciting for you..
This is freaking amazing! Such a great production. Thank you.
So glad you enjoyed it!
Great video. How scary it must have been knowing how difficult it was to get in those areas and move around. If it was sinking you’d play hell getting out!
You would not get out most likely.
Thanks for keeping the bunk lights on.
I've been amazed with battleships since I was a little guy. Late 60's my family lived in Leland, NC just spitting distance from BB-55. I've toured her 3 times just this year alone and it never gets old. The only Iowa Class ship I will have a chance to tour will be BB-64, Wisconsin.
Great vid thank you. Such a shame so much is gone from these grand old ladies - scrap/theft/safety. Have BB61 in full broadside as my computer wallpaper so see her every day :) . Built for/in bad times yes, but the design and raw power of these ships should be saved forever. Nice to hear USS Juneau (CL52) has been found 76 years on too. R.I.P
Very nice video. Thanks. I got into the back of the rear turret on The New Jersey. It's amazing how little room there really is in them. Being 6' 4", 285, it not too easy moving around.
There's no room anywhere in a turret. It's very tight everywhere...
Yes, and it's amazing how low most of the ceiling and doorways are.
Very informative: Check out USS North Carolina in Wilmington NC they have the whole system open and tourable to the tourist. They have dozens of projectiles in place and dozens of powder cans in place also. The top turret and the 4th and 5th deck are open and accessible.
Don't forget, all those other battleships have been museums for decades. We just had our 6th anniversary.
The USS Alabama BB-60 is open for viewing everyday at Battleship Park at the North End of Mobile Bay on the I-10 Causeway, near Mobile, Alabama! There is also the USS Drum Submarine and a bunch of Airplanes Including a B-52 Bomber and SR-71 Spy plane. Great place to visit with several restaurants nearby!
See more here
USS Alabama Battleship Memorial Park
www.ussalabama.com/explore/uss-alabama-battleship/
A few of the batleship museums have open turrets, however they have all been museums for multiple decades. We've been one since 2012.
Fantastic video... Thank you very much for this...
Outstanding! Great production, thanks...
Thanks. Kurt does good work. Glad you enjoyed it.
Incredible. Really enjoyed seeing this.
Thank You!
Thank you for posting! My grandfather was a gunners-mate on board the Iowa. I’d love to tour below decks one day day!!
Love to have you!
My father was on the Iowa at the very end of WWII.
In Battleship Cove, Fall River, Massachusetts, is the USS Massachusetts. You can crawl all through the turret systems, self-guided. It's a huge treat for anyone who appreciates the engineering behind these massive 16" guns :-)
Yep. Been there. That's a great experience. The rest of the ship (South Dakota class) is quite different than Iowa class.
Been there and it's great. Alone climbing through the powder rooms and shell decks. Access to the turret from the deck hatch.
Oh, my father served on the New Jersey. 43-45. Radar officer.
I was Navy in the '70's, and the 3 ships I served on (4, counting Iowa now) were all WWII-era ships. The SoDaks are the last of the Washington Naval Treaty-built ships and to me have a completely different 'feel' to them. They 'felt' completely different in a way that I did not recognize. Nevertheless, they are very cool because of the virtual complete access.
Wow, very impressive showing of the internals! You obviously know your stuff!
Thank you so much.
Always wanted to tour the USS North Carolina. She's on my list. Good to know about the access. Thanks
I toured the North Carolina in the early 70's. At that time the #1 turret was accessible from the deck by the two underside hatches allowing exploration of the areas aft of the main shaft. I arrived at wharfside at the opening time and was one of the last visitors off the ship at closing.
North Carolina is bad azz looking...
Toured the North Carolina about 40 years ago. Sat in one of the 40 mm quad mounts over the stern and actually moved the thing around. Manual operation was pretty easy. We traveled through the aft crews mess areas, officers quarters, inside a 5" turret, the Citadel, a soda fountain and a radio/communications area. When you are in Willmington, NC take the tour; if anything else you can see a soup pot big enough to have a paddle for stiring in the mess.
@@sparkknocker6222 I was also there in the mid-60s as a teen with my parents. It was one of my most favorite memories! Later, when I had kids of my own we visited the USS Alabama and the USS Texas. Great memories! Thanks for sharing.
Thanks for the view. My dad served on the Iowa in WWII
his name is currin, was he a plank owner ?
OUtstanding! VERY well done! Thank you
Fascinating! Thank you for the excellent presentation by Mr. VanderMeulen. I've produced 2D & 3D animation for my career, and had jobs in production houses that did live action where I got to work on the fringes of set-building & shoots... So I have to salute you for the fine work. Had to remind self that Somebody had to go ahead to record his entrance into those cramped spaces, emerging from another tiny cramped tunnel, companionway, or ladder. No place for claustrophobes, right? I've seen diagrams, but this tour with your explanations and a few finely presented graphics does a GREAT JOB. Holy Cow, it's sobering to think of the centuries of warfare that contributed hard-earned design principles we see in all the systems and devices.
US and German major warships were unique in that they (eventually) had Remote Power Control (RPC) where the electro-mechanical ballistic computer in the Plot Room would directly control the turret rotation and gun elevation "untouched by human hands" with the older "follow the pointer" manual control (the pointer that the sailor looked at being set by the computer) now relegated as a backup, and local control as a backup to that. This RPC system was slowly added to most major US warships during WWII as bugs were fixed, with only some of the oldest warships never getting it. The larger 3-5" US Navy AA gun control systems got RPC much faster during WWII as the older manual systems were found to be way too slow to keep up with modern high-speed (for the time), highly-maneuverable aircraft. Even some of the smaller 40mm guns got a form of it by the end of WWII on some ships. When combined with the eventual use of proximity (tiny short-range radars, in effect) nose fuzes in the larger AA shells ("Variable Time" or "VT"), US AA guns during WWII were the best at the low number of shots per kill of a plane, compared to any other nation (land or sea AA system). This is a monumental achievement!
Good post. Thanks.
The German Navy did indeed use RPC, initially only for elevation of the guns. I believe the Germans used a variable displacement hydraulic swash plate pump with the swash plate positioned by a small piston itself acting as a booster to a small electric motor positioned servo valve. That was their usual practice. The US 5” DP turret used a rotating electric amplifier called an amplidyne. I don’t know what servo the Iowa’s used for main guns but the US military often favoured electric systems. The computers used in the US Navy were usually by a company called Ford (unrelated to the car company) and were referred to as “range keepers” just as the UK Admiralty refered to them as “tables”. The Nordern bombsight came out of the US Navy and used competing concepts developed for the big guns. The computers on the Bismarck were know as K38 (the 15” guns were 38cm). The Bismarck was a much earlier Battleship to the Iowa. At the time the Iowa keels were being layed the Germans were laying down the keels of two of their planed H class battleships which also had 16” guns. They put down about 8000 tons before scrapping them both and putting the resources into building uboats instead. Battleships take a long time to build and it was thought they would be ready before the war was over. The US faced the same problem but continued to build the Iowa class in part because their speed allowed them to keep up with the carriers. Carriers are much faster to construct. The UK did use RPC on its latter capital ships, they were pioneers in applying it to 40mm AAA (the Pom Pom). The Pom Pom had terrible ballistics, 5000 yards range at 45 degrees compared to 11000 yards for the Bofors so it was rather pointless.
Iowa's Ford Rangekeepers are from Hannibal Ford's Ford Instrument Company, and are still on board and functional, though the fire control system is not powered now.
@@WilliamJones-Halibut-vq1fs During WWII the British never had a full RPG system on any large warship for their main guns. The British 1938 system used in some of its larger warships in WWII "Magslip" system is the closest and it only worked in bearing control after a human had used a follow-the-pointer hand control to get within 30 degrees on either side of the target bearing. The British "Synchronous" system introduced after WWI was a hybrid follow-the-pointer system with some improvements over the previous "step-by-step" system in that there was less chance of the indicated bearing and elevation orders at the follow-the-pointer stations in the gun turrets becoming "cocked off" from the values calculated by the computers, since there was no way to directly compare the two values other than by voice connection to the Transmitting Station where the computers were. Synchronous systems used closed-loop feedback to ensure that the circuit was correct at both ends, but it had more "slop" in its error so that the weapons would be somewhat farther off-center than with the step-by-step system. Magslip used an improved Synchronous system with enough amplified electrical power to directly control the gun mount aiming motors, but it still did not have a full-angle-range transmitted signal, hence the need to manually get it close to the target before it could take over.
The US system used "synchros" (also called "selsyns" in older documents) starting sometime after WWI that worked at all angles and -- by stacking two of them onto a single circuit (one giving full angle range and one geared down 36-to-1 to give only 10 degrees to either side of the calculated angle, but the latter being 36 times as accurate) -- they could use a rather ingenious electrical circuit (replaced by a very small computer routine when digital computers came into use) to "slice off" the crude low-end portion of the main full-loop "1-speed" gear value and replace it with the much more accurate value of the "36-speed" secondary gear, which was known as a "two-speed" synchro circuit (there were even more accurate ones in some systems, but rarely used in fire-control systems where mechanical error was the main problem, not the calculated values). This completely solved the analog-type data transmission problem. A synchro was a rather simple concept: Three tightly-coiled electromagnets were powered up and arranged in a triangle. In the middle was a compass-type-needle that was a strong permanent magnet geared into the output values from the computer or, if feedback, from the gun mount position indicators. As the needle rotated with the motion of the mount, it caused the three electromagnets to alter their output currents -- becoming, in effect, a tiny electrical generator for each coil seperately. The relative current values for the three circuits was unique for any given needle angle so no manual inputs were required in any stage. When the current went into a receiver triangle, it created a mirror force that moved the permanent magnet needle there to the exact same angle!!!! By using the two-speed method, the receiver could get an extremely accurate duplicate of angle transmitted, allowing extremely accurate weapon aiming and feedback from the weapon to the computer to compare for improving the calculations. Note that ANYTHING that has a number can be changed to an angle value and sent this way (target range, target speed, etc.), giving a highly accurate and very high-speed feedback long-distance transmission loop for controlling things. The final icing on the cake for RPC was that the US synchro system used AC power, not the old DC power in older warships, so it could be put through an amplification circuit using vacuum-tube-controlled (later solid-state-controlled) transformers to boost the power with no loss in accuracy to as high a power as needed to directly move the controls aiming heavy gun turrets, completely replacing the follow-the-pointer system as the main control circuit.
Nathan Okun I only just realised you are THE Nathan Okun I’ve been enjoying reading for years. I have no military background. I’m an engineer who takes interest in historical control and computation.
I can add the following information.
1 selsyn is a trademark of GE and is usually used when the device is used to directly transmit position on indicate.
2 synchro is a American term for a selsyn like device used as an position instrument with transmit receive pairs.
3 magslip is just the British term for synchro. I had thought this was some kind of eddy current drive but it’s a synchro.
The magslip/synchro used in the British 40mm guns could either use a Metadyne (which is a amplidyne like device in a ward leonard style servo control) or position a hydraulic valve.
books.google.de/books?id=VD_b81J3yFoC&pg=PA131&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEIJjAA#v=onepage&q=metadyne%20pom%20pom&f=false
books.google.de/books?id=b5ffAAAAMAAJ&q=metadyne+pom+pom&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEINTAD
books.google.de/books?id=forfAAAAMAAJ&q=metadyne+pom+pom&dq=metadyne+pom+pom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYts_qkMDfAhVJDOwKHX2mBosQ6AEISzAH
Many German naval guns and heavy FLAK used a Pittler-Thoma hydraulic drive. I believe this was a swash plate style variable displacement pump. I suspect the swashplate was adjusted manually or by servo motor if RPC systems were used.
The Germans developed electronic versions of the Kommandogerät 40 the 40e (a version by Askania) but I don’t know if it was DC like the US M9 director. The Germans had analog computers on the VW called the mischgeraet for the V2 exhaust fins that took dc signals from the potentiometers on the gyroscopes (essentially a PID controller) also used for Grund based solution of problems such as stability. In the misgerate DC was modulated to AC for amplification and if necessary back to DC again if integration was needed. Addition was via transformer coupling with a duel primary winding. Worked very well.
Fantastic keep up the good work. Just couldn’t stop watching
Thanks for making this video.I can't wait to get in there myself. Amazing and I had no idea the complexity of the whole turret. Looking forward to the opportunity to see it in person.
Hope to see you soon!
Very enjoyable. The guide spoke as if he knew what he was talking about, and not reading from a script. I'd like to see a detailed tour, stem to stern, of a Vietnam era Naval Destroyer, DD or DDG.
best graphics n animations award of all time;.... ship vids :)
Very very interesting! I certainly did not know all that, thank you very much for doing this video!
I toured Iowa a few weeks ago and was a little disappointed with how little you get to see. I seem to remember seeing a bit more on Missouri, although neither let you get into the turrets or below decks. I don't recall getting to go on the aft missile deck of Missouri which you can on Iowa.
That all being said, these videos are fantastic showing the bowels of the ship. Good stuff!
Sorry we didn't meet your expectations. What else would you have liked to see? People forget that the other museum ships have been around for decades, we've been open 6 years. These things take time.
james pobog Anything below the main deck, really. I get that the museum doesn't have unlimited funding or human resources and that it's a work in progress. I also understand that parts of the ship are exceedingly dangerous. I wasn't disappointed with the tour or your ship and I'll definitely be back at some point for the extended tour. My bucket list goal is to tour all four Iowa's, I've got Iowa and Missouri knocked off so far.
You're the same guy in the behind the scenes Iowa tour video, no?
Mike Slagley Yep that's me. Do you know about the Full Steam Ahead tour?
If you get the chance I recommend visiting either Massachusetts or Alabama. Both South Dakotas (very similar to the Iowas but still in their WWII configuration, AA guns and all), and both are very accessible, allowing access below decks, well into the superstructure, 16 and 5 inch turrets, etc. IIRC on Alabama you can see a bit more of the interior of the turrets and go a little higher in the superstructure, while on Massachusetts you can see a bit more of the below decks area. Hopefully one day the Iowas will be able to open up more of the ships to the public.
Thank you so much for taking me out of tour
can go on a tour on the BB61 in san Pedro California, I think its 15.00 dollars and if your skinny you can get around in it better
Prices are available on the ship's website.
sure and if you see me there ill show you my dad plank card he got being a sailor on the iowa bb61 only 88 of them got the card ,@@jamespobog3420
It still amazes me how these ships were built and how they operated and how the man with the lifeblood of them
You can climb into the turrets of USS Alabama in Mobile, via the deck hatch. However, the lack of maintenance shows, as the windows into the guns from fire control are very dirty, and the lights in there are dimmer than the one in my oven at home!
If you go to into the turret, bring a flashlight as the lighting is poor to zero in the actual gun well. Also note, in the gun well there is a door in the front of the outside guns. There were men in there as well.
Everytime I watch videos on ww2 era battle ships it hurts my brain just trying to imagine how they designed these things on pencil paper and slide rule then the human muscle to build it truly amazing.
Here's a good paper on the subject...
navweaps.com/index_tech/tech-035.php
@@jamespobog3420 ver good article thanks very much for that
@@04u2cY You're welcome. Glad you enjoyed it. There's many good papers on that site.
Fantastic video. Very professionally done. Just the right amount of info. Every word you said added to the info,... no extraneous bul**hit. The graphics were really helpful as well. I'm retired USAF, but I've always been interested in naval weapons like these. Thanks.