Why This 3D Light Printer Is a HUGE Game Changer

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  • Опубліковано 5 бер 2019
  • Computed Axial Lithography is the first printer of it's kind. It can shape objects, all-at-once, using specialized synthetic resin and rays of light.
    We Can Now 3D Print in Suspended Gravity (And It’s Mesmerizing!) - • We Can Now 3D Print in...
    Read More:
    Volumetric additive manufacturing via tomographic reconstruction
    science.sciencemag.org/content...
    "The speed, geometry, and surface quality limitations of additive processes are linked to the reliance on material layering. We demonstrated concurrent printing of all points within a three-dimensional object by illuminating a rotating volume of photosensitive material with a dynamically evolving light pattern. We print features as small as 0.3 mm in engineering acrylate polymers, as well as printing soft structures with exceptionally smooth surfaces into a gelatin methacrylate hydrogel"
    One-step volumetric additive manufacturing of complex polymer structures
    advances.sciencemag.org/conten...
    "Two limitations of additive manufacturing methods that arise from layer-based fabrication are slow speed and geometric constraints (which include poor surface quality). Both limitations are overcome in the work reported here, introducing a new volumetric additive fabrication paradigm that produces photopolymer structures with complex nonperiodic three-dimensional geometries on a time scale of seconds."
    What is volumetric 3D printing and why it could mean the end of additive layer manufacturing
    www.3dprintingmedia.network/w...
    "Powder bed fusion would be excluded for now mainly because it would likely require way too much energy to be able to control it. Even if researchers were able to develop a volumetric powder bed fusion process for polymers (perhaps an evolution of EOS’s LaserProFusion), it would still take many years before even beginning to consider applying it to metals (although EOS’ CEO Adrian Keppler did tell us it would theoretically be possible at formnext)"
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  • Наука та технологія

КОМЕНТАРІ • 1,8 тис.

  • @sparks2749
    @sparks2749 5 років тому +504

    I'm 61 years old,... and now I'm officially living in the future I dreamed of as a kid! The first time I saw a 3D printer and CNC machines was a big deal... now we are hopefully headed toward creating fully realized, functional replacement parts for us aging humans... I could use some new parts!!

    • @Pyriphlegeton
      @Pyriphlegeton 5 років тому +14

      Dr. Aubrey deGrey seems to have quite a good angle of attack with regards to the Problem of aging. Check him out, if you're interested in our progress on that. :)

    • @yuugenr7549
      @yuugenr7549 5 років тому +8

      Have you heard of NAD+ pill. It's used for de aging process. It's still in development and hasn't been perfected but I read that it help cells to regenerate and also helps us stay younger longer. I hope this isnt farce and actually works cause I haven't tried it yet.

    • @sofiatgarcia3970
      @sofiatgarcia3970 5 років тому +2

      I'm with on that my friend!

    • @imstupid4life
      @imstupid4life 5 років тому +8

      Hope you many more years to see more sir

    • @darkracer1252
      @darkracer1252 5 років тому +6

      where is my flying car damnit XD

  • @EugeneKhutoryansky
    @EugeneKhutoryansky 5 років тому +1958

    We are now one step closer to having Star Trek replicators.

    • @andreysimonov1667
      @andreysimonov1667 5 років тому +92

      And also printing Hot Russian Babes like The 5th Element! 😈

    • @craigcorson3036
      @craigcorson3036 5 років тому +47

      @@andreysimonov1667 She wasn't Russian, but yeah, okay. I'm on board with that.

    • @sukritaggarwal7136
      @sukritaggarwal7136 5 років тому +5

      Make more great videos bud

    • @Dennodq
      @Dennodq 5 років тому +11

      Replication in theory releases lots of heat that would destroy whatever it's being replicated , Star Trek one doesn't so it isn't based on sound science.

    • @DeviantDeveloper
      @DeviantDeveloper 5 років тому +11

      Actually Arthur C Clarke invented the concept of replicators, Star Trek stole his idea ;)

  • @happydaddy9826
    @happydaddy9826 5 років тому +46

    Whoa it's like 3D printing hard holograms in seconds, using light!? That's incredible and with that resin they're using kinda looks like they're printing stuff out of thin air. Pretty freaking amazing!

  • @briangman3
    @briangman3 5 років тому +434

    I was working on this back in 2004, 15 years ago. I am glad they pushed the technology to the point where it worked! Amazing

    • @BigElly12
      @BigElly12 5 років тому +14

      @MegaProjectpat hey yall never know. Maybe it was legally stolen from him and he got left behind

    • @anyhoot47
      @anyhoot47 5 років тому +47

      2005 + 15 = 2020... He's a time traveler.

    • @BigElly12
      @BigElly12 5 років тому +2

      @MegaProjectpat whatever you say have a nice day

    • @godschild5587
      @godschild5587 5 років тому +1

      nasa lost the technology to go on the moonua-cam.com/video/r_sazQnHKTM/v-deo.html

    • @beanieteamie7435
      @beanieteamie7435 5 років тому +6

      14 years actually.

  • @Master_Therion
    @Master_Therion 5 років тому +519

    1:50 CAL (Computed Axial Lithography) was developed in a collaboration with U.C. Berkeley, but not Caltech? So, Caltech didn't help make CAL tech? Missed opportunity...

    • @massimookissed1023
      @massimookissed1023 5 років тому +77

      Not true.
      CalTech did nothing but everyone will _think_ it's their invention.
      That's a very efficient use of no resources :)

    • @niaschim
      @niaschim 5 років тому +20

      So you CAN get a free lunch‽

    • @kowboys1921
      @kowboys1921 5 років тому +2

      It was the theory

    • @MrSunhare
      @MrSunhare 5 років тому +22

      Berkeley is known as CAL as well

    • @MrCTruck
      @MrCTruck 5 років тому +2

      Indeed

  • @Ricky32908
    @Ricky32908 5 років тому +176

    finally, soon I’ll be able to print my damn 10mm socket that’s always missing

    • @rkan2
      @rkan2 5 років тому +1

      Gonna need some xray-activated "metalonemers" and an xray-projector for that :D

    • @RumpleFoldSkin
      @RumpleFoldSkin 5 років тому +4

      lol , its always the 10mm

    • @RumpleFoldSkin
      @RumpleFoldSkin 5 років тому +3

      or the 14 mm

    • @MAGGOT_VOMIT
      @MAGGOT_VOMIT 5 років тому +1

      @tyvek05 *IKR!!!............BARBARIANS!!!......the whole lot of them.*

    • @leegray4999
      @leegray4999 5 років тому

      OMG ! You too? What is it with 10 mill ?!

  • @Barnacules
    @Barnacules 5 років тому +62

    I think it's *AMAZING* if it actually works as intended. That being said I suspect there are a lot more problems to overcome than this video would have you believe and the implication that the material will be cheap is something SLA and CLIP both claimed but it turns out they were talking about relative to the most expensive 3D technologies there are like SLS and not compared to FDM which is what most people think of. This kind of reminds me of the CLIP 3D printer where the demo was amazing with crazy print times and watching the items just materialize before your eyes over a few minutes and then when it came out it was hundreds of thousands of dollars and the material was stupid expensive.
    Here are a few problems I anticipate...
    1) The material will not only be expensive but also have a short shelf life due to its photoreactive properties and oxygenation
    2) The photoreactive nature of the material will make it break down faster in sunlight vs. FDM materials like PLA, PETG, Nylon, etc
    3) You can only print in this one material so you'll have to make casts from the prints to produce parts that are durable and functional for your specific needs
    4) The bulb in a DLP projector progressively gets dimmer (unless it's Laser) meaning you won't get too many prints before needing expensive bulb replacements
    5) Particulate that forms in the vat will need to be removed meticulously to prevent print quality degradation from light deflection
    6) Resolution at larger scales is going to be hard limited to the DLP projectors resolution, will look great on tiny prints but garbage on large prints
    7) I don't see build volume on this improving much because even if it did the cost of material to fill the vat for any size print would be insane and more waste when it goes bad
    8) Just like with SLA I'm sure you need to post-process the prints with UV curing to further solidify the material to its full hardness (this adds time which negates its speed)
    ... So, like I said, if it works and they solve all these problems you won't be able to keep these printers on the shelves but I suspect this will end up being used only for printing very small things and the cost will be high so it wouldn't be used to manufacture final shipping products but rather prototypes. But, as I said, if it works I'll be the first to buy one if it's cost effective or even on par with Form 2 for that matter 👍

    • @roberthermosillo5727
      @roberthermosillo5727 5 років тому +3

      I'm glad to find someone else who is thinking a little more about the many challenges of this form of printing. Two more potential huge limitations to add to your list: 1) precise timing between the speed of the rotated image and jar of rotating material. 2) Rotating fluid is subject to increased mixing (entropy). Keeping the newly polymerized particles at the same eccentricity from the center, in a rotating medium seems extremely imprecise. Compare the smeared Thinker in the video to a high quality print from nearly any commercially available FDM printer.
      The big selling point is that it doesn't need scaffolds, but if you're trying to print in a discrete location in space in a swirling bath of material YOUR SOLIDIFIED POLYMER is going to move! To prevent this, one could add scaffolding. At which point, you may as well use an SLA printer.

    • @ravenovatechnologies6554
      @ravenovatechnologies6554 5 років тому +2

      What a wonderfully thought out and constructive comment. Never even been near a 3d printer I don't have nearly the insight you do but I can still appreciate all of this.

    • @nourakiki6362
      @nourakiki6362 3 роки тому +1

      @@roberthermosillo5727 the higher the viscosity, the better the support, which means the solid will not move much due to rotation.

    • @johngate70
      @johngate70 8 місяців тому

      I believe penetration depth of the light is still a big problem, that's why you only see small objects printed.

  • @Armuotas
    @Armuotas 5 років тому +154

    The future is bright, the future is yellow Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel. :)

    • @bloodshot7580
      @bloodshot7580 5 років тому

      I’m certain a black guy created this

    • @RealityRogue
      @RealityRogue 5 років тому +1

      @@bloodshot7580 ??

    • @billrex
      @billrex 4 роки тому

      @Y O J I M B O 用心棒 this could go two ways...

    • @yogiHalim
      @yogiHalim 4 роки тому

      yellow the simpsons art

    • @you_beg_my_pardon
      @you_beg_my_pardon 3 роки тому

      @@bloodshot7580 lmao

  • @ethanwagner6418
    @ethanwagner6418 5 років тому +303

    This is straight out of sci-fi. I love it.

    • @eddw123
      @eddw123 5 років тому +2

      Nope! It is just physics in action! ...lol and there are a bunch of this Sci-Fi placed in your city where you can learn a lot of cool stuff!!😂

    • @MAGGOT_VOMIT
      @MAGGOT_VOMIT 5 років тому

      *These are GLOBS of Meh & Fail.*

    • @user-qp3hd3cn8e
      @user-qp3hd3cn8e 5 років тому +1

      The first resin was invented a long time ago and photo resin isnt someting new ether. Those people, I dont name the country they come from, are just stupid as bred.

  • @Electronics61
    @Electronics61 5 років тому +239

    Extremely important step in the evolution of 3d printers. May be in 5 years we may be able to order these type of printers.

    • @madisonatteberry9720
      @madisonatteberry9720 5 років тому +11

      'Order' Hell the fact you said, 'five years' when traditionally we'd have wait around ten to twenty shows the advanced state we are living in, maybe in five years we could just simply 'print' these printers from our home printers.

    • @martindebeer1835
      @martindebeer1835 5 років тому +11

      I think you can make this at home in less than 5 years.

    • @LanceThumping
      @LanceThumping 5 років тому +6

      @@madisonatteberry9720 I don't see why someone can build one at home now. They used an off the shelf DLP projector, and most of the other stuff sounds like it could be readily bought or easily made. The software to do it is the only thing that'd have to be redone but I believe the paper has all the mathematical formulas needed.

    • @technodrone313
      @technodrone313 5 років тому +10

      @@madisonatteberry9720 Someone will build their own and put it on youtube within a year.

    • @humphred4912
      @humphred4912 5 років тому +3

      holy crap... It would be like "oops! My screwdriver broke! Just pop it in the fabricator and print out a new handle!"

  • @VBall1295
    @VBall1295 4 роки тому +1

    This is fascinating. I've recently gotten into 3D printing and though for most projects I have no problem with layer by layer manufacturing, so some prints you want the sides to be as smooth as possible so you may have to spend some time sanding away at it. I also see the appeal that there is no need for support material!

  • @AllenPapapetrou
    @AllenPapapetrou 5 років тому

    I look forward to the extended research. Thanks for your efforts!

  • @3DPrintingNerd
    @3DPrintingNerd 5 років тому +168

    This is HUGE, and the tech is still in it's infancy. It's going to be amazing what CAL can do in the next 12-18 months.

    • @0LoneTech
      @0LoneTech 5 років тому +4

      It's neat for sure, but not quite what it's described as. The rotating method is a reversal of space carving, and simply uses more angles than stereolithography - which STL is named after. There is still a resolution limit from the projector, although dynamic because the edges vary in distance from it. Rotation speed must be kept low so the gel does not shift much, and since it projects through it all the gel is used up for each print. As usual real world approaches are rife with compromise.

    • @ToSaPu
      @ToSaPu 5 років тому +3

      this tech has been around since the 90's

    • @LanceThumping
      @LanceThumping 5 років тому +3

      I want to see some makers in the community put together their own. None of the actual tech is unique, it's an off the shelf DLP projector with a lens. The rest of the materials look like they could be bought or readily made.

    • @LanceThumping
      @LanceThumping 5 років тому +1

      @@0LoneTech Using up all the gel could be made a little easier by varying the size of the container to match the size of the printed object and filling the flask to the bare minimum amount to cover the object.
      Also I think the resolution limit is actually a function of the projector resolution and the degrees rotated per frame. So it might actually be quite good.

    • @pickleshanks
      @pickleshanks 5 років тому +1

      It seems to me that this isn’t technically 3D printing, but more of an emerging technique that will possibly rival and/or supplement 3D printing. The very fact that they didn’t make or modify a printer fascinates me. They just took two ideas, SLA printing and STL, which has been used for years to make those cool blocks of glass with 3D sculptures etched inside with lasers and tweaked and combined them. That’s so clever!

  • @meerkat2977
    @meerkat2977 5 років тому +70

    watching a 1:31 minute ad that i cant skip, wtf youtube

    • @SwampGas703
      @SwampGas703 5 років тому +28

      i have not seen an ad for years. Ad block works.

    • @a9raag
      @a9raag 5 років тому +6

      @@SwampGas703 but ads are one of the source for your favorite UA-camr to earn money.

    • @shubhamjain54519
      @shubhamjain54519 5 років тому +3

      @@a9raag patreon?

    • @SwampGas703
      @SwampGas703 5 років тому +12

      @@a9raag i miss the old youtube before the ads. Ads are actually how they CONTROL youtubers to make content that SUCKS so it doesn't the tarnish the image of the corporations that make you watch their BULLSHIT commercials.

    • @kevintorres7045
      @kevintorres7045 5 років тому +3

      Just refresh the page. ?

  • @shable1436
    @shable1436 5 років тому +2

    Makes sense that the edges are still warbley looking as the resin takes more time to solidify as the canister is rotating. Seems they need to adjust the polymer or turning rate

  • @P10101G
    @P10101G 5 років тому

    We worked on this in the late 90's. I am pleased to see that this tech is still being researched and perfected....

  • @YonatanAvhar
    @YonatanAvhar 5 років тому +24

    Now i just need a friend who has one i can use...

  • @9a8szmf79g9
    @9a8szmf79g9 5 років тому +10

    "Tea, Earl Grey, hot."

  • @aarond9563
    @aarond9563 4 роки тому

    This video is really great! Also that Element logo is also amazing.

  • @bryansiepert9222
    @bryansiepert9222 Місяць тому +1

    I really appreciate the detail covered! I saw discussion of topics covered in a few of the group's papers. It's a nice change from "OMG ITS A REPLICATOR!!!!"

    • @bryansiepert9222
      @bryansiepert9222 Місяць тому

      Don't get me wrong, I'm just as excited about replicators but some detail of the hard work they did is awesome.

  • @axe693axe
    @axe693axe 5 років тому +44

    4:07 Correction:
    That's when you Fuse 3 Blue-Eyes White Dragon to get *Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon* !

    • @Dragontron20
      @Dragontron20 5 років тому +1

      ATTACK THAT NORMIE 3D PRINTER, BLUE EYES. TRIPLE WHITE LIGHTNING ATTACK

    • @goldenbrick7187
      @goldenbrick7187 5 років тому +1

      Whips out Exodia

    • @discordraburg9988
      @discordraburg9988 5 років тому

      Exactly what i was thinking

    • @MAGGOT_VOMIT
      @MAGGOT_VOMIT 5 років тому

      *By the Powers Vested in the "Berkley-Baskin-Robbins 87 Flavors of Gender Confusion", I christen thee............."Some Kinda Thinnnnnng-uh"*

  • @konartist66
    @konartist66 4 роки тому +7

    Can't wait to see commercially this could change 3d printing forever.

  • @ryanbrown1835
    @ryanbrown1835 5 років тому

    The speed at which these can print at is what's really revolutionary. The difficulty in scaling production has been what's really been holding back other forms of additive manufacturing so far

  • @b_namdar
    @b_namdar 5 років тому

    Wow the process seems quite simple to grasp yet very useful in manufacturing of difficult products!

  • @blessedwarrior1
    @blessedwarrior1 5 років тому +3

    of course, it's a great project. Innovating things with just a flash of light is mindblowing.

  • @osmondlorenzocontreras1622
    @osmondlorenzocontreras1622 5 років тому +24

    YUGI: Summon this monster using POLYMERIZATION!! 4:08

  • @montlejohnbojangles8937
    @montlejohnbojangles8937 5 років тому

    Awesome update! ✌🏼

  • @NexAngelus405
    @NexAngelus405 5 років тому

    Reminds me of how old-fashioned film cameras worked. Basically light projected onto a sheet with a mixture of light-sensitive chemicals layered onto it. The chemicals changed to match the frequency of light projected on them to produce an image.

  • @sargondp69
    @sargondp69 5 років тому +23

    Scotty! How long before you get that engine room working? ... Uhu, uhu ... uh hhuu. Well print out a new warp dylithium containment doomaflotchie then. Just get me warp power!

  • @Captain_Max
    @Captain_Max 5 років тому +5

    This is what I imagined when I first heard of 3D printers

  • @rb3020
    @rb3020 Рік тому

    As someone fascinated by technology all the time and how quickly it advances I didn't know if we would ever be able to improve 3D printing but this is such a spectacular expansion into a whole new realm of 3D printing and additive manufacturing I think this is going to change a lot of the ways that things are made in this world, private single person manufacturing companies may become a new normal!

  • @paryboy84
    @paryboy84 5 років тому

    I love this technique, can't wait to work with it. I have worked with all and i am most excited by this one.

  • @robobrain10000
    @robobrain10000 5 років тому +5

    This seems like it is not much better than the techniques we use currently with molds. This will definitely have niche applications, but I don't think it will replace current methods on a large scale.

    • @jacksonpercy8044
      @jacksonpercy8044 5 років тому

      If engineers can figure out a way to get other materials into the mix and still have it polymerise, that would be useful.

    • @gregistopal
      @gregistopal 5 років тому +1

      It’s not really for mad production it will make prototyping better and faster

    • @thesilentcitadel
      @thesilentcitadel 5 років тому

      FDM printers replace current methods today, this will be adopted instantly it becomes available.

  • @0neBadMonkey
    @0neBadMonkey 5 років тому +10

    What's the resolution?
    I assume in a real application those bubbles in the liquid resin would be removed right?

    • @linuspauly2380
      @linuspauly2380 5 років тому

      Well realistically the resolution would be limited by the purity of everything and the dlp resolution. The bubbles are probably removed by vacuum

    • @seiyachan
      @seiyachan 5 років тому +1

      Just look at the airplane it formed... Resolution is out of the question for now.

    • @0neBadMonkey
      @0neBadMonkey 5 років тому

      @@linuspauly2380, I'm not sure what that mean (I agree about using the vacuum to remove the bubbles) but I think you're referring to the gel. As long as its diffraction is accurately known it can be corrected for so I don't think the gel is the major limiting factor here (think of ground-based telescopes correcting for the distortion of earths atmosphere).

    • @0neBadMonkey
      @0neBadMonkey 5 років тому

      @@seiyachan That was what made me ask the question. I think the true resolution limit will be defined by the wavelength of the light, but practically the focusing optics used will be the real world limit. The examples shown in the video were made with a off-the-shelf digital projector, which will have very poor optics. I used to work in R&D Optronics (only as a technician) so I was hoping a techie might reply for a chat.

    • @seiyachan
      @seiyachan 5 років тому

      Bad Monkey i don't think the resolution has anything to do with the wavelength. cause the principle was something like projecting images of the object from different angles (instead of slices of cross section images at vertical layers), they will somewhat overlap at various extend at different images at different angles, which inturn solidify some addtional resin than what you would like.

  • @kevatut23
    @kevatut23 5 років тому

    As an industrial designer with a full prototyping facility, this has me on the edge of my seat. Fantastic news. Thanks for the video

  • @leovomend8789
    @leovomend8789 5 років тому

    this would definitely make the possibility os using 3d printing for my school projects much higher, theres more than enough printers available but i need a perfect 3d file over a day in advance to get it done

  • @OleWissing
    @OleWissing 5 років тому +89

    I guess the obvious limitation is non-transparent or coloured objects, or what?

    • @drumkommandr9779
      @drumkommandr9779 5 років тому +50

      One would think so for now. Shouldn't be long till they invent a resin that cures opaque. Till then: hey, primer still works.

    • @adolfodef
      @adolfodef 5 років тому +13

      @@drumkommandr9779 I think it would be easy to "drain" the first 3D_making resin (once you have the actual object made), then fill it up with another resin that reacts with the light making an an specific color on selected points of the sculpture´s surface [then you drain it again and refill it with a different one for another color...] until you get the entire surface "painted" using the same laser [that is likely to be the most expensive part of the machine].

    • @GrimIkatsui
      @GrimIkatsui 5 років тому +28

      I assume you can do the same thing we do with current methods - paint the model after it prints.

    • @adolfodef
      @adolfodef 5 років тому +10

      @@GrimIkatsui sure, but then you can also CARVE it from wood... the idea it to FULLY AUTOMATIZE it to make them ON MASS (or on demand), no skill, no personal time or effort required -> THAT is a revolution!

    • @BombaJead
      @BombaJead 5 років тому +3

      @@adolfodef erm that would be a very long term end goal (and one some companies won't keenly agree on), for now this is best for fast prototyping and some DIY just like regular 3d printers.

  • @GEMfanatica
    @GEMfanatica 5 років тому +26

    The professor sounds like a robot...
    IS HE A ROBOT THAT'S WHY HE COULD MAKE THIS?!

    • @4ur3n
      @4ur3n 5 років тому +2

      "The Government wants to know your location"

  • @rylanw4762
    @rylanw4762 5 років тому

    I predicted this in 2014 when I first was thinking about applications about reflecting beams around tubes. If you create a spiraling cross section throughout the tube and have beams from other angles and in those cross sections their properties combined change the state of the particles.

  • @Apalouz
    @Apalouz 5 років тому

    So unreal! Can't wait to see its potential !

  • @ultravidz
    @ultravidz 5 років тому +23

    I hope this could work across different materials someday, maybe using electric fields instead of light.

    • @adolfodef
      @adolfodef 5 років тому +3

      You could use DUMB microbots (spherical one-use batteries with a simple light sensor that makes them "magnetic" for a brief time), so you can use selective magnetic fields to control their position to BLOCK/reflect the laser [creating a "high density point"], so the resin could coalesce around/next/away from them from the "inside" of the object as it is made.
      -> This allows for the use of multiple lasers shooting from all angles at the same time.

    • @kevintorres7045
      @kevintorres7045 5 років тому

      isn't visible light a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum? or ju really mean fields theory where fields are superior than particles i.e photons?

    • @kevintorres7045
      @kevintorres7045 5 років тому

      @@adolfodef i'm sure people hu envisioned this first thought of that already. then they were shot in the head because of their stupid suggestions.

    • @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489
      @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489 5 років тому

      @@kevintorres7045 not in the same context, no. it is fundamentally, but the actual usage is way different. you can have electricity and magnetism without light, light without either, and so on. It's all just energy and how you're actually applying it. like welding vs casting. both can make the same part.

    • @srki22
      @srki22 5 років тому

      You don't need it to print using different material. You can use the first object to make a mold container that you would use as a matrix for creating objects of different materials. It is not even important if this material is organic or not, because you can use this for fast prototyping and then create a shape container for other materials.

  • @mikh9202
    @mikh9202 5 років тому +8

    Im an experienced 3d printer, and although this looks interesting, there are several serious problems with this tech. Resolution is terrible, you cant print accurate parts. The resin is toxic , messy, expensive and final curing time negates the advantage of the quick print time. With a lot of R&D this might get better.

    • @walterk9916
      @walterk9916 5 років тому +1

      Atleast it’s a step right in the right direction.

    • @macronomicus
      @macronomicus 4 роки тому

      Imagine similar principles with different mediums, one could create all manner of resulting qualities, nutrition, or otherwise.

  • @TeternalGIone
    @TeternalGIone 5 років тому +1

    Yes that will be the way to go in 3d printing tech!

  • @aevillanueva
    @aevillanueva 5 років тому

    Incredible technology! Great video and job explaining it, congratulations Amanda Deisler!

  • @davidprock904
    @davidprock904 5 років тому +3

    I’m designing my own “Infinite Precision” motor, I don’t know what to call it but it’s totally insane, you can’t even begin to imagine it’s design lol. But it will allow me to build a 3D printer that should be less than 1K and be better than the million dollar printers, and I have a “new” style of printing also, well it’s a revolutionary mix of different types in one printer being used at the same time

    • @thesilentcitadel
      @thesilentcitadel 5 років тому +1

      Awesome. Link please?

    • @davidprock904
      @davidprock904 5 років тому

      I don’t have it on a site yet, I’m just recently getting started.

    • @ahmedmani1051
      @ahmedmani1051 4 роки тому +1

      Make a video about it

  • @792247
    @792247 5 років тому +3

    cool concept but you can tell that the resolution of the model is pretty terrible. Not sure how much they can improve this, but it will be interesting to see where this goes.

    • @montesforeman5079
      @montesforeman5079 5 років тому +1

      Yeah, I was wondering if anyone else noticed this.
      Current 3D printers using PLA or Polycarbonate can achieve precision as sharp as ~20 microns which is insanely precise.
      Most printers are closer to ~50-200 microns but there are some very precise printers out there.

  • @nikolass83gianni
    @nikolass83gianni 5 років тому

    AWESOME ... Big THANKS for great video ... 👏😎

  • @anthonywatson8353
    @anthonywatson8353 5 років тому

    Your channel has amazing content 👍🏿👍🏽👍🏻......Thanks

  • @behemothinferno
    @behemothinferno 5 років тому +21

    Resolution looks pathetic for now but at least the time issue of FDM printing has been solved using this method!

    • @dr.zoidberg8666
      @dr.zoidberg8666 5 років тому +1

      Maybe not... As they said in this video, you need a very special kind of resin to do this. 3D printers are useful because they can print in an extremely wide variety of materials. This is what makes the difference between highly valuable manufacturing 3D printers & the plastic printing toys most people have at home.
      Edit: because this is the internet -- when I say "most people" I'm talking about "most people who own 3D printers" obviously.

    • @Jonaasti
      @Jonaasti 5 років тому +2

      The way funding works, they need proofs of concepts to get more. if investors were smart enough or had the time enough to learn, they wouldn't need a proof of concept. But because of that they made the first proof of concept to get more funding for the second, which rotates further proving the process, now they will try to get more funding to develop this method further. multiple high def projectors from multiple sides and a better resin is likely all that is needed. I bet a resin that turns opaque when hardened, combined with maybe creating the object minus a few mm's first would prevent some of the light from going too far through and allow them to use greater intensity to harder just one side at a time as they finish it to get the details done.
      Def room for improvement.

    • @forgotn42
      @forgotn42 5 років тому +1

      They're doing this with an off the shelf projector. I imagine one of the next steps is building a projector specifically for this task that can project in greater clarity.

  • @JamaaLS
    @JamaaLS 5 років тому +26

    We live in such an amazing time. I am grateful for being alive here and now.

    • @DJCrisisUK
      @DJCrisisUK 5 років тому +2

      Jamaa L it’s always nice being the first to experience tech, I just hate how as things get older that fascination just ends up being, yea that’s old now. I remember a whole school of kids crowding around one person watching them play snake 🤣🤣🤣

    • @apexmike849
      @apexmike849 5 років тому

      @@DJCrisisUK Interesting handle that you have there. I tried to do an EDM session at a party - in the "Rave Room" - enough of a hint? Anyway, they were all the same age as me and it emptied - I had to play ABBA!
      The thing is people a third of my age like slow, unadventurous, 'sensible' music. In 1972, I had to play ShowaddyWaddy and Gary Gutter, etc, because for most people, that was all they went to a disco for. The average dancefloor BMP has gone DOWN from 125 or so to the low 90s! Nobody finds anything exciting anymore. I'm 61, BTW, have cancer and totally love PsyTrance -LOUD!! Break the mould! It is what you make it!

  • @StoneTitan
    @StoneTitan 5 років тому

    it makes sense they'd do this, had expected they'd use the combined beams for destruction rather than creation first though.
    Or maybe they already did. Like cut up stuff blocking the bloodstream without having to cut open the skin.

  • @Dreamphantom77
    @Dreamphantom77 4 роки тому

    If you spin the projector instead of the resin you will get better resolution as the fluid is moving inside when you spin it.

  • @allansh828
    @allansh828 5 років тому +5

    Damn, for only €3800? I am already requesting a sample.

  • @BitcoinJake09
    @BitcoinJake09 5 років тому +8

    I think technologies are starting to hit that exponential growth point :D

    • @etralin3dream983
      @etralin3dream983 5 років тому

      Yeah but there's too much advancements were someone can be on to something revolutionary but hit a road block and what they need may be out there already discovered but no one knows everthing released in science only ai can do shit like that but I don't know how I feel about that all powerfull computer beings

    • @etralin3dream983
      @etralin3dream983 5 років тому

      I hope we make some more advancements in gene editing we have the tools we know how to do it but we don't know what does what. Definitely dangerous stuff but we got laws that probaly won't workout in long run but we're safe for now. Definitely shouldn't be done on humans only on shit like plants in a controlled environment like some kinda cdc containment center type thing. Their doing the studys but the field is very small there is so many advancements that are easily available through trial and error we just need more funding adding that gene editing knowledge to our compendium than we can find newly discovered gene functions and compare them among species which may allow us to know how to safely and ethicaly alter human genes with precision

    • @ashleyteece4237
      @ashleyteece4237 5 років тому

      We have been in a period of exponential growth, in terms of technology, since industrial revolution.

    • @marcbow
      @marcbow 5 років тому

      Yes and now more than at any time in the history of humanity we need to start treading with caution as it's said we are barreling headlong towards the Great Filter and that our own technology could pose a true existential threat to us now. I'm all for massive advancement but collectively as a species we need to be on point so we can survive our technological adolescence and survive to technological maturity, at which point we should be able to handle most any existential threats that may come our way.

  • @QuantumAlchemyst
    @QuantumAlchemyst Рік тому

    Is a first step about molecular reconstruction. Congrats!!! 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👍🏻

  • @cmilkau
    @cmilkau 5 років тому

    Thanks for adding CC. Please check timings, particularly lines that introduce a term need more than one second of display.

  • @sneeringimperialist6667
    @sneeringimperialist6667 5 років тому +3

    They can use lost wax casting to turn these into metal.

  • @World_Theory
    @World_Theory 5 років тому +19

    I don't know… It's an improvement, sure. But it depends on a special type of transparent resin. It's a good idea, which will have its uses. But it would be even better if they can get it to work with a wider range of materials.

    • @sto_karfi842
      @sto_karfi842 5 років тому

      game changer 😒😒😒

    • @dennisklomp2361
      @dennisklomp2361 5 років тому +1

      Given how many polymers and organic materials react at certain wavelengths, this can be quite easily expanded upon. Using a quencher like an abundance/removal of oxygen is already done in the 3d printer world let alone a lot of other production methods. I bet you now that in ten years we will have discovered at least 5 other reactive polymer groups and 3 quenching methods that can work with photon hardening. Adjust the structural part of the polymer to a different length, add special side groups or extra interpolymer bonds and you will have a wide range of tensile strengths, elasticity and other properties to choose from.
      Another way would be to suspend photoreactive enzymes in the resin that will catalyze reactions when hit with photons. A competitive inhibitor could work as a quencher, and you can polymerize everything we have enzymes for.
      This invention will ease my line of work considerably and I cannot to get my hands on one of these bad boys
      Finally, I predict that once we will have active areas that polymerize on different wavelengths, we will be able to make products that have different properties in the same products by activating these bonds placed at different sites on the polymer in different areas of the product. Spongy in the centre, hard on the outside etc etc etc.
      What a time to work in chemical innovation

    • @srki22
      @srki22 5 років тому

      You don't need it to print using different material. You can use the first object to make a mold container that you would use as a matrix for creating objects of different materials. It is not even important if this material is organic or not, because you can use this for fast prototyping and then create a shape container for other materials.

    • @World_Theory
      @World_Theory 5 років тому

      Dennis Klomp Hmm… Okay, cool! Seems like there are plenty more potential uses for this.

  • @adamantineking3766
    @adamantineking3766 2 роки тому

    I think that the potential of the clip 3d printer is still greater with the fact that that printer can print in very tiny scale with incredible precision, when it will improve even further it will become truly game changing.

  • @urbanwoodworking233
    @urbanwoodworking233 5 років тому

    Way to go. Huge problems to overcome but definitely exciting

  • @cherubin7th
    @cherubin7th 5 років тому +3

    I just hope that they will not force a patent on it and make this technology useless for the next 20 years!

  • @YeppyNope
    @YeppyNope 5 років тому +19

    Thats really cool tho

  • @Candlestickstudio
    @Candlestickstudio 5 років тому

    I thought about this idea once. I was thinking of what they used to call "cube" technology. They were supposed to replace cd's... But never came about. They were like cds where you burn it to the cube using two lasers and where the crossed is where it would burn the information... But I only thought of the crossing beams and would have no clue how to make it all work. Lol. But I am super excited about what they have done. Faster replication means faster prototyping. And that mean more innovation in the long run. Super stoked as a 3d modeler/Graphic designer too. More business for me. Lol. Again awesome stuff.

  • @karlmills4848
    @karlmills4848 5 років тому

    What a game changer , this process could improve print speed and durability, of future 3d prints, this process will definitely be somthing to keep an eye on

  • @BadenHealth
    @BadenHealth 5 років тому +8

    It’s an incremental improvement on decades old tech.

    • @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489
      @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489 5 років тому +2

      i would go even further to say it's another dead end road for tech that has a well defined ceiling. lol. It's cool, but it does the same job so... no. lol.

    • @MAGGOT_VOMIT
      @MAGGOT_VOMIT 5 років тому +2

      *It's just like the resurrected old & DUMB 3-D TV's and Movies.*
      *'Bout time for a new Sham-Wow and Easy Slicer commercial to come out, cause you're gonna luv their nuts..................Fettuccine, Liguine, Bikini.*

    • @jerrywhidby.
      @jerrywhidby. 5 років тому

      Um OK my smartphone is an incremental improvement on the Commodore 64. Instead of taking hours to print an object it can be done in seconds. That could make this an option for factories, or provide life saving customized mechanisms in a hospital. Imagine a scaled up version of this printing car body parts. Maybe you could even customize your own car body.

    • @tibvl7113
      @tibvl7113 4 роки тому

      Even if the different technologies already existed in the past, this is a tremendous improvement in many ways for additive manufacturing. If you dont think so then read the full article. If it was just a random improvement it would not have gotten a Science mag publication.

  • @lian7092
    @lian7092 5 років тому +18

    omg , :D hologramic printing

  • @albertshilton5336
    @albertshilton5336 5 років тому

    You were an awesome speaker. I want to see you on cbs news someday. Oh yes. Great technology.

  • @bonnevillessei67
    @bonnevillessei67 5 років тому

    THIS is so flippin' cool!! Calvin of Calvin And Hobbes would go crazy with this. Job well done CAL!

  • @13orrax
    @13orrax 5 років тому +20

    So I'll be skipping the form 3 printer ad soon?

  • @SwampGas703
    @SwampGas703 5 років тому +10

    unless you're into manufacturing parts for prototypes, i do not see why the average person would invest in a 3d printer. I haven't even used a normal printer in years.

    • @bob_frazier
      @bob_frazier 5 років тому +4

      The execs at IBM felt the same way about the "personal computer".

    • @SwampGas703
      @SwampGas703 5 років тому +2

      @@bob_frazier you can't compare personal computers to 3d printers. A 3d printer is useless without a PC and is much more of a niche market.

    • @jerrymiao7605
      @jerrymiao7605 5 років тому +2

      It's for makers and tinkerers

    • @SwampGas703
      @SwampGas703 5 років тому

      @@jerrymiao7605 I agree. I personally would not invest in one now because they are too expensive, but i do think this technology is great. If i were an engineer / architect or really into gundam i would definety get one.

    • @Greywander87
      @Greywander87 5 років тому +1

      I'm confident that one day this tech will be ubiquitous. When you can just go and print a tool or other object you need, using a blueprint you downloaded from the internet, instead of going to the store to buy it, it will be a huge time saver and convenience. People of the future will wonder how we ever put up with having to go get something we didn't have. Of course, there will be limits, but there would still be a huge application even for simple objects. More so if the gel is reusable so you can just recycle it when you're done.

  • @MuwexTech
    @MuwexTech 5 років тому +1

    Exiting!
    Can't wait to see how it will be in 10 years!

  • @sarawatechnology7070
    @sarawatechnology7070 5 років тому

    I am involved with starting the first 3d printing company in Fiji, and this has caught my attention, especially when she said the resin was cheap. We are working on many product to make life easier for people in developing countries, and this may be just what we need for some of our projects, one of which is lights for surgery that are practical in rough conditions. How much do they cost and where can we get one?

  • @KuraSourTakanHour
    @KuraSourTakanHour 5 років тому +45

    So we will one day be printing organs with lasers!? That would be quite a time to be alive

    • @deep.space.12
      @deep.space.12 5 років тому +2

      *lasers -> ordinary household projectors

    • @cherrydragon3120
      @cherrydragon3120 5 років тому +1

      One day? They already invent this shit right now. This will be a very normal thing to do in like 30 years at most.

    • @KuraSourTakanHour
      @KuraSourTakanHour 5 років тому +3

      DeepSpace12 Yes I might have exaggerated, but printing organs with light sounds just as crazy a concept

    • @pixelmills1
      @pixelmills1 5 років тому

      @@KuraSourTakanHour but it is currently being done in laboratories around the globe. They are also printing lattices on which they grow the organs organically...
      Sources:
      techcrunch.com/2018/06/25/implantable-3d-printed-organs-could-be-coming-sooner-than-you-think/
      massivesci.com/articles/3d-printer-bioprinting-human/
      So much for crazy concept. LOL ;-)

  • @rea8585
    @rea8585 5 років тому +306

    Next thing you know 2pac's hologram comes to life

    • @haruyanto8085
      @haruyanto8085 5 років тому +1

      Hologram concert are a thing

    • @alvi_1234
      @alvi_1234 5 років тому

      In south park he did

    • @jimmoss1744
      @jimmoss1744 5 років тому +8

      @Gravivector
      wtf ? .........Oh oh
      Ok didnt see you was under 25
      lol makes sense.

    • @weedking1984
      @weedking1984 5 років тому +2

      It'd be kind of cool if I lost a leg and then stuck it in some type of gel can and it 3D print me a like back

    • @dragonboimmdvideos
      @dragonboimmdvideos 5 років тому

      @Gravivector lmaoooooooo I cant asdfghjkl

  • @leenmuhiedeen2057
    @leenmuhiedeen2057 4 роки тому

    Just wow !
    We can't imagine how future will be look like by this
    . rapid transfers in technical development

  • @stefanstoks8937
    @stefanstoks8937 5 років тому

    As a technician for various 3D printing systems and techniques, this is by far the best leap in additive manufacturing. I just hope the liquid isn't as toxic / cancerous / damaging to the users and enviroment as current 3D printings liquids are. Also, how are they going to recycle it? Can't wait to work with this tech!

  • @AllanSavolainen
    @AllanSavolainen 5 років тому +11

    I see couple problems; resolution, very expensive print medium and most likely patented process which will stifle innovation on this technique

    • @dennisklomp2361
      @dennisklomp2361 5 років тому +1

      Apparently the medium is quite cheap. I do agree with you that using diffused oxygen in a solution as a quencher will prohibit high res printing

    • @Rotem_S
      @Rotem_S 5 років тому

      Yes, the worst problem possible for this is the patent. Without the patent on 3D printing we would be 10 years ahead in that area right now

    • @dennisklomp2361
      @dennisklomp2361 5 років тому

      @@LuggageStardate yes because it's ridiculous to compare new tech in its infancy to market available tech

  • @AntonioNoack
    @AntonioNoack 5 років тому +3

    Lenses from resin and 3D printing? Quality-- is too few, more like Quality /= 10...

  • @emiliolarafdez17
    @emiliolarafdez17 5 років тому

    As an Industrial Designer i find this extremely interesting, currently, with Lithography, you can already get magnificent models with seamlessly layer lines if you create the object, this makes the prototyping process for products much faster and accurate. Hopefully, they can develop a printer that can be accessed by creators

    • @pflernak
      @pflernak 5 років тому

      I dont see this technology bringing all that much to the table compared to already existing affordable resin printers:
      ua-cam.com/video/Gar2jcRlGTo/v-deo.htmlm20s
      Sure its fast and you can print parts within parts without structures that youll need to break. On the flip side youll need to leave holes to flush out the gel afterwards.
      Im more hyped about where things like the Diamond hotend can take FDM 3d printing. Mixing 3 or 4 filaments should be able to recreate a wide range of colors. I wonder when filament manufacturers will start selling RGB filament sets with proper settings for said filaments. (I suppose the settings might vary for different hotends. Aaaahh...) And software will probably need to do a bit of catching up with what can potentially be done with the existing hardware.

  • @parnilsson8283
    @parnilsson8283 5 років тому +1

    Looks intresting. I wonder how fast that object was printed (the thinker)

  • @DeviantDeveloper
    @DeviantDeveloper 5 років тому +22

    This technique has been used for etching glass ornaments for decades.

    • @ryandunn5111
      @ryandunn5111 5 років тому +17

      removing layers of material using a laser is not the same technique as solidifing resin into a shape. like saying branding a cow is the same as flying a hot air baloon. both use fire.

    • @charlestannehill7537
      @charlestannehill7537 5 років тому

      @@ryandunn5111 both may use fire 😉, but what connection does glass and lasers have with light and resin? What's the common denominator?

    • @zachcrawford5
      @zachcrawford5 5 років тому +5

      They both use digitally controlled, focused light to generate 3D things. Also when you etch a 3D image into glass you are not removing any glass you are causing it to vaporise, which generates a shock wave that compresses the most of the vapor into the surrounding glass. leaving a void that is surrounded be slightly denser glass. What The Deviant Developer is talking about does have some similarity which the 3D printing technique that is being discussed even if they are not the same thing. It's more like branding a cow versus wood burning art, they both use hot pieces of metal to convey 2D information on organic materials but they still have differences.

    • @charlestannehill7537
      @charlestannehill7537 5 років тому

      @@zachcrawford5 honestly it's like saying diesels and gasoline vehicles operate the same. It's not. And while a laser and projector both use controlled electromagnetic waves (not light exactly per se), one can be produced naturally while the other cannot.

    • @zachcrawford5
      @zachcrawford5 5 років тому

      @@charlestannehill7537 True, as I said they are similar, but not the same.

  • @masukmas
    @masukmas 5 років тому +17

    At some point, they'll make this resin edible

    • @ratmadness4858
      @ratmadness4858 5 років тому +2

      custom gummy bears!

    • @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489
      @nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489 5 років тому +2

      uh... you must not have much experience with making candy. 3d printers have been doing that for decades.

    • @HalkerVeil
      @HalkerVeil 5 років тому

      Then people will be printing their own prescription drugs.
      And then meth.

    • @dansv9778
      @dansv9778 4 роки тому

      @@nicewhenearnedrudemostlyel489 give me an example

  • @SambathKumaar
    @SambathKumaar 5 років тому

    That's really exciting. I can imagine with AI and improved scanning and projecting of photons, various intricate shapes can easily be manufactured. Great project!

  • @julianeyt4059
    @julianeyt4059 5 років тому

    Thats amazing! Truely revolutionary. Way better than normal 3d printing

  • @AntonBogomolov
    @AntonBogomolov 5 років тому +12

    How about printing hollow shaped objects?!...🤔

    • @MammaApa
      @MammaApa 5 років тому

      Just get a girlfriend, jesus.

    • @nikims_
      @nikims_ 5 років тому

      @@MammaApa what does that have to do with anything,dipshit?

    • @MammaApa
      @MammaApa 5 років тому

      @@nikims_ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humour

    • @MammaApa
      @MammaApa 5 років тому

      @@nikims_ You very obviously have not grasped the concept. But I guess you are a angry teenager. Have fun being that.

  • @manuelsosa7397
    @manuelsosa7397 5 років тому +3

    Why the process is called lithography? It doesn't include stone nor the general chemical procedures of lithography... is like calling a boiled egg a "crystallized" egg.

    • @Neokretai
      @Neokretai 5 років тому

      Lithography is another term for printing, and this is about 3D printing...

  • @Go.el_Hadam
    @Go.el_Hadam 5 років тому

    Very exciting. It is shame I just found the channel. Great content.

  • @odelll2391
    @odelll2391 5 років тому

    one step closer to non-invasive implants for things like replacement hip joints and spinal reconstruction. Imagine being able to inject a solution into an area and then use a catscan-like device to 3d print missing cartilage and bone or repair fractures or even tissue damage inside the patient without even keyhole surgery, crazy possibilities.

  • @dagoelius
    @dagoelius 5 років тому +5

    New technology? More a step forward from work that began in the 1960s.

    • @jlc2345
      @jlc2345 5 років тому

      dagoelius citations?

    • @pixelmills1
      @pixelmills1 5 років тому +2

      ...and the results arrive now.
      ..in form of a new technology. ;-)

    • @MAGGOT_VOMIT
      @MAGGOT_VOMIT 5 років тому +1

      *This technology are suck!! A plastic Jesus will look like you parked in front of that Death-Ray building in London. Injection Molding will always be #1*

  • @RideTheTrack
    @RideTheTrack 5 років тому +20

    How do you make an elephant sculpture
    You start with a stone block and remove anything that doesnt look like an elephant

  • @alwaysorange4425
    @alwaysorange4425 5 років тому

    Looks bloody exiting!

  • @adisharr
    @adisharr 5 років тому

    Pretty cool stuff! I wonder if this will ever be able to do opaque or multi-material objects.

  • @zeramino
    @zeramino 5 років тому +4

    Omg! You look so much like the other hosr from SciShow... I'm confused, you just look a lot more likable and human than her. Great content by the way!

    • @zeramino
      @zeramino 5 років тому +2

      @divorcedme their voice is definitely similar. But this host is likable, the other in SciShow is really irritating in my opinion.

  • @roflzmuffinz
    @roflzmuffinz 5 років тому +19

    Of course it would be called CAL lol..

    • @GabrielTobing
      @GabrielTobing 5 років тому +3

      How much is it?
      50.
      So 50.Cal?

    • @joshw81
      @joshw81 5 років тому +1

      Go bears! 🐻

    • @GabrielTobing
      @GabrielTobing 5 років тому +1

      @@LenniL-ob4ll Who said I was trying to be funny, I was dead serious.

  • @peiyikuan4265
    @peiyikuan4265 5 років тому

    Daaaammmnnnnn, that’s too cool❤️❤️ to progress!!

  • @diamony123
    @diamony123 3 роки тому

    Amazing. I been try to get light to interact with itself on and off for years. To be continued.

  • @NoosaHeads
    @NoosaHeads 5 років тому +17

    When they can print a high grade lens, that doesn't need polishing afterwards, 3D printers will have arrived.

    • @shawnhanes9148
      @shawnhanes9148 4 роки тому +1

      When extrusion manufactures can extrude a high grade lens, that doesn't need polishing afterwards, then Extruders will have arrived. 🙄

  • @alex9514
    @alex9514 5 років тому +6

    I still don't have a 3D printer and we've already gone through three generations of 3D printers, each more advanced than the last.
    Probably in the distant future when I actually get myself a 3D printer it'll be like:
    Me: "dang I can only get the gas deposition 3D printer, cost like 1500"
    Friend: "lmao that sucks, did you see the new vid of the new quantum constructor from Seeker?"
    Me: "oof"

    • @adamyoung6797
      @adamyoung6797 5 років тому +3

      ten years after that: Ha, you exist in the physical realm? I've already linked my conciousness into the Whirl.

  • @LaserFur
    @LaserFur 5 років тому

    you would think they could spring for a vacuum pump to get the bubbles out. Adding a slow release "uncureing" agent would also improve the process.

  • @MrLunox
    @MrLunox 5 років тому

    i have the shelling sequence of ghost in shell in mind hehe :D very cool tech !