Finnish grammar 3: nouns, local cases
Вставка
- Опубліковано 21 лип 2008
- Presentation of the noun suffixes that are used in stead of prepositions like to, from, in, on, at etc.
inner local cases, endings and names:
-[vocal]n illative
-ssa inessive
-sta elative
outer local cases, endings and names:
-lle allative
-lla adessive
-lta ablative
Don't worry, even finns don't understand why something is right in the grammar. That's a thing about languages in general, if you learn them in the natural way - by hearing and imitating - you don't need to care much about grammar, you get an intuition. In adult age, some languages are easier to learn in a more "technical" way, by memorizing rules. Finnish may not be one of them... so for serious learning I suggest a "language bath" in Finland. :-)
hi i want to know how will i know when shoud i use Lla ssa and stA in the ending
a "language bath"? what does it mean?
Learning Finnish is easy. It's just like learning any other language. First you learn the rules then you have to remember to learn the exception to the rules. The rules get you a long way but to be perfect you need to learn the exceptions and actual usage. And doing that mean keeping your ears attentive to what people actually say.Because there are a lot of exception. When you were little, like all kids, you probably once said "Daddy goed to work!" instead of "Daddy went to work" because you applied a general rule "add d to the verb to talk about the past" which applies in many cases but not all. Mum never beat you up about "goed" and scolded you. She just said (probably), "yes, Daddy WENT to work" knowing that your innate attentiveness tp language in the early years would eventually pick up on the exception. So "hän istuu pöydässä" might at first make you think he is inside the table, but sheer logic tells you he is (as we would say in English) sitting AT the table an not hiding somehow within it. We have lots of such things in English. "Putting your hat on" is not analogous to "putting the coffee machine on";
hauskalainen Hint number 2 for Finnish learners. When you get to meet a Finn, take with you a print out from Wiktionary of the verb "olla" including the full inflections table. This is the formal language form you'll meet in books and newspapers Then get your Finnish friend to correct it with the way people ACTUALLY use this verb in their everyday life. You'll find that people don't actually say "he olivat" ("they were" in formal Finnish) but instead "ne oli" (which also is "they were" but in everyday Spoken Finnish); and people wouldn't say "hän ei ole ollut" ("she had not been" in formal Finnish), but rather"se ei o' ollu" (the normal spoken form of "she had not been). Pretty much every line of that verb table is different in the informal spoken language And then learn how to apply those rules to ALL the verbs when speaking to others.
Teachers in Finland are somehow shy about teaching these things. I think because when they themselves went to school for the first time they spoke ONLY the spoken language. The language their mothers taught them casually as they grew up, When they get to school, they have to be taught that other form of that language... the formal language. And, irony of all ironies, they call the lessons where they learn the formal language rules "äidinkieli" or "mother tongue". In reality, if your mother actually spoke like that all her friends would think she was angling for a job as a TV newsreader or putting herself above other people, because in real life it's pretty much only newsreaders in their job and people giving formal speeches will actually speak in the formal tongue and not use the informal spoken language.
If I have one criticism of the teaching of Finnish in most books and courses I think it is the tendency to assume that people should begin by learning only the rules. I remember being taught the following. "In Finnish language, whenever there is a question there is always EITHER a -ko/kö marker in the sentence or there is a question word in there somewhere (like missä, mikä, mitä, kuka, kenen, etc--)." On my arrival in Finland I bought a Finnish movie on DVD with subtitled text in Finnish and English. I listened to the very first line in the movie and did not understand it. Then I followed the English text which said "Are you going to see that woman?" But I did not hear a question word or the interrogative suffix. In defeat I called up the Finnish text. "Menetsä sen naisen luo?" Clearly the ? indicated a question, yet I still did not see a question word or the suffix! I then spent an hour or more looking on the internet for where my teacher went wrong. He was not exactly wrong but he took no account of how people actually speak. I know the answer now, of course, but it proves two points. Don't always believe all the rules. Finns do not always pronounce everything the way it is written because there is a huge difference between "Standard Written Finnish" and "Spoken Finnish". At first, direct translation to English "go you" would make it a question, albeit not grammatically correct because reversing verb and subject like this does form questions in some grammatical forms. But even that is not what is going on here. In this case, "Menetkö sinä (Standard Finnish" with the -kö marker, in this character's spoken Finnish (and I guess most Finns also), became "menetsä" because, well, t,k and s are somehow hard to pronounce and menetsä is easier! A two hour movie and it took me ages just to get to understand what had happened. But then it took me even more years to stop being a perfectionist. I'm still guilty of over analyzing texts and what people say. Just absorb the issue; park it somewhere in your brain, and move on. Like "Daddy goed", you will eventually work it out without tearing your hair out. But I still think teachers should not be afraid to tackle issues like -kä/-ko suffixes getting swallowed in certain circumstances.
Kiitos
Best part about finnish is you can actually know how words are pronounced by how they are spelled, what a concept!! english really sux like that
Actually, "I don't go" is "Minä en mene"
In case of negation the negating word is the part of the verb that shows number and person, main verb being in a form that is identical with imperative. Like this:
minä en mene
sinä et mene
hän ei mene
me emme mene
te ette mene
he eivät mene
The Simplicity of the Video is very understandable good job Opetaja
This is awesome. Thank you!
Has there been a borrowing of the word boy from Finnish to Swedish?
Poika - Pojke. Very similar. And in Norwegian and Danish the world is dreng, so that would explain why Swedish is the odd one out.
I'm close to fluent in Finnish and I still don't understand a lot of this... sometimes I can figure out what's right just from what "sounds" right, but I often have trouble figuring out why it's right, and I still often get it wrong. This is probably one of the harder things to master in Finnish.
And how d'you say "The boy defends himself on a chair"? Or is it a feature of the language to leave a place for ambiguity when using cases? Thanks! The videos are great executed)
Jord Snáwig Yes it would be ambiguous:
"Poika puolustautuu tuolilla" = "The boy defends itself with/on a chair"
Note that "puolustautua" is a reflexive verb 'to defend oneself' vs. "puolustaa" 'to defend'.
Jord Snáwig Yes it would be ambiguous:
"Poika puolustautuu tuolilla" = "The boy defends itself with/on a chair"
Note that "puolustautua" is a reflexive verb 'to defend oneself' vs. "puolustaa" 'to defend'.
kiitos:)
interesting! poika in finnish , and puika in latvian, although, latvian and finnish isn't even close. I am very interested in finland and finnish language, so I'll probably learn it in University :)
Old comment but, yeah I checked a list of Swedish loan words and among the words taken from Finnish were "pojke" :)
Nice drawings...
Nouns is probably one of the hardest things to learn
Really? That's weird, I find the two before this one to be much more difficult than this one. I thought this lesson was very well done and easy to understand.
My Finnish would be better if I had a native speaker correct me. Right now my Finnish is broken, miss placed cases, and formal/dictionary Finnish. So I guess I would sound like an idiot with a book.
So how many cases are there
15 cases, 7 of them was in this video, 3 of them are really rare and not needed to understand most of the finnish and rest 5 are easyish to learn.
no, Ä is pronounced like the a in cat. A is pronounced like the a in ball. i had trouble with it at first too.
thank you .... but i cant focusing with that loudly music .
ei tarvi opettaa suomea osaan jo
No, it's not.