I’ve been hooked on these videos for a month now… as a 40 year old who didn’t get a high school education my mind is being consistently blown and I’m very grateful to have access to all this awesome info
Mr. Tyson, the way you explain the scientific knowledge is very unique so even people without any interest in the science listen every video you release. The world needs more people like you. Big thanks on behalf of humanity
@PlasmaStorm73 [N5EVV] he definitely knows more than he lets on. Just when compared to Neil his knowledge is not at the same level, i would think. regardless, im not focused on what he knows. I am giving him credit for the way he navigates each subject and his commentary on Neil's pearls of wisdom
I think the gamma rays have scrambled your brain. To the rest of us you just look slightly yellow, you have a huge vomet stain down your front, and your hair has nearly all fallen out.
As an engineer I would like to point out... We can detect wave signals by using 1/4 th of the length of the wave... Because 1/4th of a wave is enough to calculate the characteristics of the full wave. Thus, an antenna can detect wavelengths of 4 times its length. 😌
I’ve had my amateur radio license since (HAM Radio) 2016. Using 1/4 lengths for building antennas is one of the first things I learned. 468/frequency in MHz (this isn’t exact due to many factors, such as the velocity factor, resistance and reactance of the antenna “system”- your coax can become part of the antenna. Anyway the 468 constant gets you close and you usually trim the wire to get it down close to where the radio will “like it”, General rule is a SWR of 3:1 is acceptable, again several factors to look at so you get better efficiency. So I agree that a 1/4 wave length antenna works.
There's so many UA-cam channels I get into for awhile and then just get tired of it. I don't imagine how I could get tired of learning. Good to not be a kid anymore
I'm a ham radio operator a decade involved in the hobby, though admittedly, I've only recently became enthralled with the technical aspects. What absolutely astonished me is when I made the connection between electromagnetic radiation and sound waves. You can strike a note on a piano in one room, and have a piano in another room be untouched. So long as they are close enough that one piano can "hear" the other, it too, will vibrate in sync with the note played on the first. This, in essence, is exactly what radio waves do. They resonate at a frequency and when the strike an antenna that is tuned to match the same frequency (or more often, a harmonic of said frequency), they electromagnetically vibrate to match the signal they receive. The amplifier then boosts the signal and you can demodulate it, It took me ten years to grasp this concept. But now, especially watching this video, it all makes even more sense. 11:15 There's detail there until it gets fuzzy....or until we run out of pixels...just to boost simulation theory. In all honesty, regardless of any theory, there must be a point where the universe cannot get any smaller. Then again, we're still learning just how BIG it can be. What if the Universe is truly infinite - infinitely small yet infinitely large. My favorite part of our existence is that, as of yet, it has been infinite - there has been no shortage of new things to discover and learn. Perhaps one day we will be able to say we understand it all. But at least for us alive today, we can enjoy and admire the prospects of infinite.
Yes! Some instruments make use of sympathetic vibration. Like a sitar, which has many strings that you don’t play, and they’re supposed to vibrate along to the strings you do play (or the harmonics, like you mentioned). Pretty wild stuff that waves can do
@@codascheuer8426 absolutely. All the more reason I'm fascinated by string theory. It makes so much sense when you stop and think about what it literally says.
@@reasonerenlightened2456 It, technically, is spreading out in all directions. It's just that the magnitude of that spreading has much more potential to cause an effect in the direction it is moving.
God bless this man. He's been an idol of mine since I was a kid. I remember being so excited as a kid going to his Planetarium in New York. Such a legendary and inspirational genius.
I not only remember having a TV with the antenna / aerial on top of it, which had 2 telescoping metal tubes- which is why we called them Rabbit Ears or DiPole Antennas. You could adjust the height/length of the telescoping parts to get the best signal reception. Some also had a dial on the base that was used for 'Fine Tuning' to the frequency that you were trying to receive. As well - some also had a metal rectangle mounted to the base - which was for the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) signals.... and the telescoping (dipole) conductors were for the VHF (Very High Frequency) signals. Sometimes you would have the Rabbit Ears Antenna on top of the TV as well as a second / separate rectangle UHF Antenna. I also distinctly remember wrapping the tips of the telescoping rods with Aluminum Foil or silver duct tape - sometimes just making a ball at the tips, sometimes making a flag.... which would make the signal come in better.... because the foil/tape increased the surface area therefore creating more conducting/absorbing surface for the antenna.... which boosts the reception of the signal. We would also move around the antenna to face different directions or sit higher or lower to get the best signal possible.... as well as - if a person held the antenna, or just touched the metal parts.... it 99.999% of the time made the signal far far better than the antenna alone.... basically making their body into a signal receiver. I also remember.... having a telescoping antenna on my pocket transistor radio and then on my Boom Box... cars also had a solid or telescoping antenna on them for radio reception... some even had motors that would extend a telescoping antenna when you turned the radio on and collapse it when you turned the radio off. Some home stereos still have telescoping antenna on them for the 'Receiver' - the AM (Amplitude Modulation) / FM (Frequency Modulation) radio signals.... and some also use a simple length of insulated (usually copper) wire... that you can affix to the wall or wherever you get the best reception. As a kid - I had Walkie Talkies for my brother and/or friends and I to play with .... which had antenna on them. Also the first Cell Phones had antennas on them.
I have struggled my whole life understanding electromagnetic waves. I never imagined somebody coukd explain this iwith so much clearity that so in funny and warm words. I cant thank you enough
Thanks guys, was using my microwave as I was listening and went right to the holes! I always guessed that those protected us but now I know the exact mechanism, so cool! I'll keep looking up!
You know the George Clooney joke that John Oliver did last season? I imagine that these explainer videos are a lot like that. Neil thinks of something, snaps, chuck shows up, and then listens for 15 minutes.
I loved this discussion. Thank you! I am a photographer who regularly experiments with infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths. So fun! I would really enjoy a follow-up conversation about fractal mathematics and how it allowed antennas to be reduced in size. I know it works, but would love to know WHY it works. Many blessings!
@King Pistachion do you have a practical demonstration or a working model that's observable, measurable, testable and repeatable to show water conforming to the exterior of spinning shapes whilst in a vacuum? thanks - science, logic and common sense.
Nice simple explanation of radio waves and antennas nuqt mot the whaole story. One of the mote common antennas im amateur radio use is an End Fed Half Wave antpenna which works for 40, 20,15, and 10 meter wavelengths.
99% of meals topics are great but this one is another one where I actually learned something new and fascinating today. It's interesting when he said a larger wavelength will completely watch over an object if the object is smaller than the wavelength make sense
You said an antenna at less then the Wavelength will not work. I say no, here is an example. Wavelength = Speed/Frequency at say 99.5 MHz radio signal, the speed is that of light 3x10^8, Frequency is 99.5x10^6. plug that in and the Wavelength is 3.015 meters. I have never seem a 9 foot radio antenna on a car. But a quarter wave antenna works at 0.75 meters or 2 1/2 feet works.
That's a very good argument, but you lack understanding. What Neil is most likely referring to (even if it's not intentional) are "vanilla" antennas, as in antennas without any kind of optimization and whatnot... theoretical antennas if you will (just trying to make my point). But Antennas can be designed and modified to be much more efficient than they are on the simple formula you just stated. For example, even AM signals would require an even bigger size than FM (probably like 100m or so, max), and yet we can compact these miniature AM antennas into the cars that most people don't know cars have a different antenna for AM signals. This is because if you choose a better conductor material (depending on FM/AM signals), and design the rod to better capture radio wave signals, you can actually decrease its required size to detect these signals. It's a similar (but not as complex) case with physics equations. You learn that Velocity = Distance / Time, but we all know that is not the case to determine a real life velocity of an object.
Love that pillar to the left and almost kinda sorta "golden section" to the right of NDT. Also love the fact that he's FINALLY talking about the wave/particle duality. But still no mention of the double-slit experiment conducted by Dr. Dean Radin from the Institute of Noetic Science? (which was founded by a man who walked on the moon).
One thing I always wondered about was about visible light. There must be some living things out there that can see infrared or ultraviolet and maybe beyond. It’s crazy to think that they would see color we can’t even being to imagine because they would be unlike anything we can see. New colors.
It's like he's doing an intro level discussion to introduce a concept to those who don't already know these details and, like all concept introductions, he avoided nuances and deeper understanding.
That is what got me, as in military vehicles they have radar warning systems (RWS) that has small antennas, about 5-15 cm in size and they are capable detect energy from a VHF/HF radars (radios) and then use multiple antenna positions to triangulate signal direction based time it was sensed between each antenna. A UHF radar wavelength is only 300-3000 Hz = 100-10 cm VHF radar is 30-300 Hz = 10-1 m HF radar is 3-30 Hz = 100-10 m How can a system with smaller than 20 cm antenna be able detect wavelength in 1000-100 cm?
We always hear about the frequency/wavelength of light, but we never hear anything about the amplitude of those waves. Can anything be said about amplitude (ie. is it a thing, dos it contribute to the brightness of light, etc.)? Also, is there such thing as light with zero frequency, like a DC current of light?
So for radio waves the detector has be be at least the size of the waves it detects? Please can you explain how a tiny self contained pocket AM radio is able to receive radio waves with wavelengths up to around 500 meters or more?
@@realJuniorRoberts No, what the US calls AM radio is between roughly 540kHz and 1720kHz. That's from over 550 meters to about 175 meters wavelength. You might be thinking of television signals, or maybe the VHF/AM radios aircraft use to communicate. You might find an extendable antenna on an AM (540-1720kHz) only receiver but it's rare on portable battery operated AM only ones, if one is present it's usually for FM.
I didn't get my questions answered.. how many dimensions is light? can microwaves make it through the screen at the right angle? is light just one dimension or is the wave filled like water is? how does something travel in a direction going back and forth without any outside force?
My dad used the word wavicle, but he pronounced it wave-icle, with a long 'a' rather than a short 'a' in the word. But, because of him, I learned very young that light and any other forms of energy like Gamma rays, microwaves, radio waves were _wave-icles_! 😄😉 And I learned that radio waves can be many, many meters long! For example, the "10 meters band" is an actual radio band, along which many amateur radio operators talk to each other, and I even helped him put up an antenna *for* his radio. 😁 Oh, and you can still get free over-the-air TV stations with those physical, aluminum antennas!
So the diameter of the microwave wavelength is larger than the holes in the microwave screen? Such as trying to put your hand through a window screen? Because if the wave itself was as thin as a hair, you would have to rely on luck that it wouldn't wiggle in place to go through the holes or would just try to bounce back a percentage.
What’s the physical length of the wavelength for channel 2 VHF? Is it about the length of the smallest tine on an old school VHF tv antenna? And channel 13 wavelength the length of the biggest tine?
If you use very small wavelengths for observation, you put a very large amount of energy into the observed object. And what we could do to observe atoms or even atomic nuclei without influencing them?
How do we get prismatic lenses so we can see all light spectrums at the same time? Also how long until we can convert light waves into radio or similar waves and connect to the lingering soundwave of the big bang?
I've been trying to explain the basics of wavelengths to my young daughter. I kept things simple, but I believe she also understands more because of my series of books. Especially from one of the very memorable quotes in DD1. 🐲✨🐲✨🐲✨
At 9:19 Chucks mind went into another lane and he lost all sight of the conversation between him and Neil. 😂 Love these short explainer videos! Chuck and Neil literally teach me something with every video! Hope these videos never stop.
Something he didn't mention: The smaller the wavelength, the higher the frequency. The higher the frequency, the higher the amount of tissue damage a wave can cause. Which is why X-Rays and Gamma Rays can lead to cancer because of causing repeated cellular damage, especially in patients who demand repeated X-Rays for every little medical ailment.
Dr tyson thank you for all your help. I was just wandering about the microwave scenario, and if quantum tunneling and wave duality could let some microwaves get through?
If you had an antenna that was smaller then the wave length but the antenna moved up and down at the same speed of wave, would you be able to pick up the signal now?
So when they say radio waves and other waves are different wavelengths, gamma is the highest because the wavelength is the shortest, does the amplitude change? Are radio waves just extremely low oscillating and gamma rays are very high oscillating waves. What about amplitude, do the gamma and radio waves both have similar amplitudes? I can't figure it out.
Neil, I Iove your humor, enthusiasm, passion, expressiveness, and gestures while you are teaching us. Also your explanation of the brilliant knowledge that you have stored away in that super brain of yours, you expertly craft into a format that we are able to digest, and then hunger for more. Thank you!! Enjoy your humor and wit Chuck! It feels like you too are hungry for knowledge and learning right along with us. You guys make a great duo for this Star Talk Podcast.
what does it mean for a hole to be smaller in size than an em wave? the "wavelength" is just the length of the wave right? i don't think there's any height to an em wave.. so as something with only length, basically a 1d object (line), how would it get blocked by a hole of any size? like think about sound waves they're just longitudinal waves propagating through air, causing to and fro motion of the air particles. why would they get blocked by a hole smaller than their wavelength. (assuming wavelength means size of the wave in this case)
Loved this talk. Gamma rays are yet to be "seen"...did I hear that right? Considering what came out of electron microscopes, that is fascinating; we may someday due to science, get to understand super powers better. Intuitively we know, but we just can't see them....I like that. :)
@NdGT: What do you think of UA-camr 'Anton Petrov'? I've loved all your work for decades but I now find myself glued to his channel as it's a constant barrage of new information explained systematically with fundamentals, much how I've always appreciated about your work... You don't talk down to people just because you grasp the broad expanse of information comparatively to the majority; instead you help better the majority see the information at our level of understanding for the biggest group benefit of said information. 1st ? made me think of a 2nd ?: If you had the ability to pass your torch of influence to another person you feel grasps a big picture of science to help the masses understand, with a measure of humility that helps people learn better and more open to thought provoking ideas... who would you choose? Sorry, that ? was last second and I'm not checking my grammar or I'll keep rewording things.
Hey chuck, I have one also on my forehead but on the left side. It’s called an osteoma and it’s benign. Mine was caused by a concussion also, never removed it.
Hey, if anyone knows, I heard that in antennas, the size of it needs to be half the fundamental wavelength it needs to receive, so if the antennas of old TVs were 1 meter long doesn't that mean that the wavelength for them is 2 meters?
"Wavicle" - best portmanteau of all time, or best portmanteau of all time?
spacetime
sounds like a type of musical instrument, or a bone.
If Bugs Bunny discovered it it'd be a 'Waskily Wabbit detects Wavicle in Wadio Wab' ...I'm sorry
@@andrewcarr2431 Sounds like radical with an Elmer Fudd lisp.....we is hunting wavical terrorist wabbits......
Feeling waves inside 😍
This video is too short, we need a detailed explanation of every concept mentioned. It was so interesting and fun
No we don’t !!! 12-15 min is a lot for me lol
Space Time...
Just saying
This should have been one hour.
Sorry I have question, you should be Indian right?
@@alpaca14-v2s
Yes but I can follow and retain the information in 13-15 min
I even take notes
I’ve been hooked on these videos for a month now… as a 40 year old who didn’t get a high school education my mind is being consistently blown and I’m very grateful to have access to all this awesome info
Its less about the high school and more about not using wikipedia enough.
Mr. Tyson, the way you explain the scientific knowledge is very unique so even people without any interest in the science listen every video you release. The world needs more people like you. Big thanks on behalf of humanity
This is also why blu-ray disks hold more data than the old infrared-ray disks
I got the blues.🎷
I got the, my CD player still uses infrared light, blues! 🎶
Underrated comment hahaha
I love when Chuck cracks Neil up.
He is naturally funny in a nice way . Just a good guy
Organic range laughter is the best, but is it fair trade?
I live for those moments!
@@linedanzer4302
Chuck and the “ Color police “ when he finds out that white light is all the colors
Ok first of all...TMI
Although Chuck Nice doesn't know the science, he's very quick-witted and manages to balance out Neil on most of these videos.
They make a great duo.
Agreed
@PlasmaStorm73 [N5EVV] he definitely knows more than he lets on. Just when compared to Neil his knowledge is not at the same level, i would think. regardless, im not focused on what he knows. I am giving him credit for the way he navigates each subject and his commentary on Neil's pearls of wisdom
Can confirm... gamma rays really do give you superpowers. I irradiated myself with some and now I'm the charcoal man!
Is that why hulk and Tony were partially charred in avengers endgame after they both snapped?
I think the gamma rays have scrambled your brain. To the rest of us you just look slightly yellow, you have a huge vomet stain down your front, and your hair has nearly all fallen out.
Instructions unclear: turned my friend into a banana
And I got cancer :(
But waves move in all directions, how come the photon moves in one direction?
As an engineer I would like to point out...
We can detect wave signals by using 1/4 th of the length of the wave...
Because 1/4th of a wave is enough to calculate the characteristics of the full wave. Thus, an antenna can detect wavelengths of 4 times its length. 😌
Fascinating! Thank you for sharing!
That was a great way of explaining why antenna can do that
Is it so that 20 cm antenna can detect 80 cm (4*20) wave, but not 100 cm?
So would holes in a microwave screen need to be even smaller?
I’ve had my amateur radio license since (HAM Radio) 2016. Using 1/4 lengths for building antennas is one of the first things I learned. 468/frequency in MHz (this isn’t exact due to many factors, such as the velocity factor, resistance and reactance of the antenna “system”- your coax can become part of the antenna. Anyway the 468 constant gets you close and you usually trim the wire to get it down close to where the radio will “like it”, General rule is a SWR of 3:1 is acceptable, again several factors to look at so you get better efficiency. So I agree that a 1/4 wave length antenna works.
There's so many UA-cam channels I get into for awhile and then just get tired of it. I don't imagine how I could get tired of learning. Good to not be a kid anymore
I'm a ham radio operator a decade involved in the hobby, though admittedly, I've only recently became enthralled with the technical aspects. What absolutely astonished me is when I made the connection between electromagnetic radiation and sound waves. You can strike a note on a piano in one room, and have a piano in another room be untouched. So long as they are close enough that one piano can "hear" the other, it too, will vibrate in sync with the note played on the first. This, in essence, is exactly what radio waves do. They resonate at a frequency and when the strike an antenna that is tuned to match the same frequency (or more often, a harmonic of said frequency), they electromagnetically vibrate to match the signal they receive. The amplifier then boosts the signal and you can demodulate it,
It took me ten years to grasp this concept. But now, especially watching this video, it all makes even more sense.
11:15 There's detail there until it gets fuzzy....or until we run out of pixels...just to boost simulation theory. In all honesty, regardless of any theory, there must be a point where the universe cannot get any smaller. Then again, we're still learning just how BIG it can be. What if the Universe is truly infinite - infinitely small yet infinitely large.
My favorite part of our existence is that, as of yet, it has been infinite - there has been no shortage of new things to discover and learn. Perhaps one day we will be able to say we understand it all. But at least for us alive today, we can enjoy and admire the prospects of infinite.
Yes! Some instruments make use of sympathetic vibration. Like a sitar, which has many strings that you don’t play, and they’re supposed to vibrate along to the strings you do play (or the harmonics, like you mentioned). Pretty wild stuff that waves can do
@@codascheuer8426 absolutely. All the more reason I'm fascinated by string theory. It makes so much sense when you stop and think about what it literally says.
I like to think of Photons as sports fans in a stadium doing the Wave.
Good analogy but don't you think is more of the gravity is what only bends light!.
But waves move in all directions, how come the photon moves in one direction?
@@reasonerenlightened2456 It, technically, is spreading out in all directions. It's just that the magnitude of that spreading has much more potential to cause an effect in the direction it is moving.
I learned it as Wave-acle
wake up guys and take your common sense back - ua-cam.com/video/lHRuoNmVGOM/v-deo.html
God bless this man. He's been an idol of mine since I was a kid. I remember being so excited as a kid going to his Planetarium in New York. Such a legendary and inspirational genius.
Chuck's Simpsons joke was tragically under-appreciated by Neil
I agree
Could be that Neil is just too old and might better recognize the original source for that Simpsons joke (Joseph Levitch aka Jerry Lewis)
I not only remember having a TV with the antenna / aerial on top of it, which had 2 telescoping metal tubes- which is why we called them Rabbit Ears or DiPole Antennas. You could adjust the height/length of the telescoping parts to get the best signal reception. Some also had a dial on the base that was used for 'Fine Tuning' to the frequency that you were trying to receive. As well - some also had a metal rectangle mounted to the base - which was for the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) signals.... and the telescoping (dipole) conductors were for the VHF (Very High Frequency) signals. Sometimes you would have the Rabbit Ears Antenna on top of the TV as well as a second / separate rectangle UHF Antenna. I also distinctly remember wrapping the tips of the telescoping rods with Aluminum Foil or silver duct tape - sometimes just making a ball at the tips, sometimes making a flag.... which would make the signal come in better.... because the foil/tape increased the surface area therefore creating more conducting/absorbing surface for the antenna.... which boosts the reception of the signal. We would also move around the antenna to face different directions or sit higher or lower to get the best signal possible.... as well as - if a person held the antenna, or just touched the metal parts.... it 99.999% of the time made the signal far far better than the antenna alone.... basically making their body into a signal receiver.
I also remember.... having a telescoping antenna on my pocket transistor radio and then on my Boom Box... cars also had a solid or telescoping antenna on them for radio reception... some even had motors that would extend a telescoping antenna when you turned the radio on and collapse it when you turned the radio off.
Some home stereos still have telescoping antenna on them for the 'Receiver' - the AM (Amplitude Modulation) / FM (Frequency Modulation) radio signals.... and some also use a simple length of insulated (usually copper) wire... that you can affix to the wall or wherever you get the best reception.
As a kid - I had Walkie Talkies for my brother and/or friends and I to play with .... which had antenna on them.
Also the first Cell Phones had antennas on them.
Were you ever the remote?
I LOVE THE STAR BACKGROUND. NEVER STOP HAVING IT!
I have struggled my whole life understanding electromagnetic waves. I never imagined somebody coukd explain this iwith so much clearity that so in funny and warm words. I cant thank you enough
Thanks guys, was using my microwave as I was listening and went right to the holes! I always guessed that those protected us but now I know the exact mechanism, so cool! I'll keep looking up!
I love how Chuck treats these explainer videos as micro-lessons of a type of schooling.
You know the George Clooney joke that John Oliver did last season? I imagine that these explainer videos are a lot like that. Neil thinks of something, snaps, chuck shows up, and then listens for 15 minutes.
A podcast episode chunked into several explainers, this dropped in the same as the temperature explainer
I love experts that can come down to your level of understanding and go up from there. 6:30 just blew Chuck's mind as well as my own
I can't believe this channel only has 1.5X10^6 subscribers!!! Amazing stuff ☺️
I think that a lot of props need to be given to sci-fi writers for knowing about wavelengths and then spinning a story around it.
It's polarizing, isn't it. 😋
Who did that
@@Robert_McGarry_Poems I see what you did there. Ha ha.
Brilliant teaching and entertainment as well. Can't beat that. I'm learning so much!
I loved this discussion. Thank you! I am a photographer who regularly experiments with infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths. So fun! I would really enjoy a follow-up conversation about fractal mathematics and how it allowed antennas to be reduced in size. I know it works, but would love to know WHY it works. Many blessings!
Positive vibes on Chuck’s procedure
Hey Neil and chuck. Love these shows and i love learning. thank you for the education and it is wondeful to know things based on reality!
Thank you for this explanation. I learned a few new things, which is important for an old great-grandfather like me.
I appreciate the work you do. I learned a lot from you.
bro they are lying to you - ua-cam.com/video/lHRuoNmVGOM/v-deo.html
@King Pistachion do you have a practical demonstration or a working model that's observable, measurable, testable and repeatable to show water conforming to the exterior of spinning shapes whilst in a vacuum? thanks - science, logic and common sense.
Chuck discovered the reverse antennae tight here, I like this show guys
Startalk is such a treasure trove of science education infused with humor. So glad this channel exists.
I watch all videos but I don't react that often. But this video blew me away! So cool
This is the coolest show on YT
A question, is there something like a prisma who can break up other wavelengths than visible light? Or is it just applicable to visible light?
@Shreyas Zare Thanks, that must be so.
Yea. A prism does that
Nice simple explanation of radio waves and antennas nuqt mot the whaole story. One of the mote common antennas im amateur radio use is an End Fed Half Wave antpenna which works for 40, 20,15, and 10 meter wavelengths.
Thanks
I don't know how big of a deal it is, but sending good vibes to Chuck on the surgery and your recovery for the microwave-induced tumour 😄
We talked about this in my college Chemistry class, and then this video got recommended to me. Kinda freaky, but also a nice surprise.
I will say, if Google is listening to me just to give me a nice surprise, I don't think that's too bad.
Chuck is always learning something new.
99% of meals topics are great but this one is another one where I actually learned something new and fascinating today. It's interesting when he said a larger wavelength will completely watch over an object if the object is smaller than the wavelength make sense
You can actually easily detect radio waves with out having a full wavelength antenna. 5/8, 1/2, and 1/4 wave antennas are very common.
You said an antenna at less then the Wavelength will not work. I say no, here is an example.
Wavelength = Speed/Frequency at say 99.5 MHz radio signal, the speed is that of light 3x10^8,
Frequency is 99.5x10^6. plug that in and the Wavelength is 3.015 meters.
I have never seem a 9 foot radio antenna on a car. But a quarter wave antenna works at 0.75 meters or 2 1/2 feet works.
That's a very good argument, but you lack understanding. What Neil is most likely referring to (even if it's not intentional) are "vanilla" antennas, as in antennas without any kind of optimization and whatnot... theoretical antennas if you will (just trying to make my point). But Antennas can be designed and modified to be much more efficient than they are on the simple formula you just stated.
For example, even AM signals would require an even bigger size than FM (probably like 100m or so, max), and yet we can compact these miniature AM antennas into the cars that most people don't know cars have a different antenna for AM signals. This is because if you choose a better conductor material (depending on FM/AM signals), and design the rod to better capture radio wave signals, you can actually decrease its required size to detect these signals.
It's a similar (but not as complex) case with physics equations. You learn that Velocity = Distance / Time, but we all know that is not the case to determine a real life velocity of an object.
13:47 The intro to every StarTalk episode should now be "NIEL! You've got some 'splaining to dooooo"
I love when Chuck [insert sentence here]!
“If you want to find the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.” Nikola Tesla
Great explainer. Loved it!
Always making it fun to learn👍
Love the video guys. Would be interested on your thoughts in terms of microwaves potentially being used as a weapon?
great explanation
Love that pillar to the left and almost kinda sorta "golden section" to the right of NDT. Also love the fact that he's FINALLY talking about the wave/particle duality. But still no mention of the double-slit experiment conducted by Dr. Dean Radin from the Institute of Noetic Science? (which was founded by a man who walked on the moon).
I don’t think I’ve heard of the double-slit experiment but I’d definitely love to hear more about it!
Excellent video. Very enjoyable.
Wow this one actually blew my mind. Love this education; great video guys!! 🔥🔥🔥🔥
One thing I always wondered about was about visible light. There must be some living things out there that can see infrared or ultraviolet and maybe beyond. It’s crazy to think that they would see color we can’t even being to imagine because they would be unlike anything we can see. New colors.
Awesome video 👏
I could listen to Neil explain anything... Love this channel!
Ham radio operators will beg to differ with needing a full wavelength antenna to receive a certain frequency.
I was looking for this specifically
It's like he's doing an intro level discussion to introduce a concept to those who don't already know these details and, like all concept introductions, he avoided nuances and deeper understanding.
That is what got me, as in military vehicles they have radar warning systems (RWS) that has small antennas, about 5-15 cm in size and they are capable detect energy from a VHF/HF radars (radios) and then use multiple antenna positions to triangulate signal direction based time it was sensed between each antenna.
A UHF radar wavelength is only 300-3000 Hz = 100-10 cm
VHF radar is 30-300 Hz = 10-1 m
HF radar is 3-30 Hz = 100-10 m
How can a system with smaller than 20 cm antenna be able detect wavelength in 1000-100 cm?
@@paristo Multiple instances of Hz where you mean MHz there.
One of the most interesting video so far 👌
We always hear about the frequency/wavelength of light, but we never hear anything about the amplitude of those waves. Can anything be said about amplitude (ie. is it a thing, dos it contribute to the brightness of light, etc.)? Also, is there such thing as light with zero frequency, like a DC current of light?
So for radio waves the detector has be be at least the size of the waves it detects?
Please can you explain how a tiny self contained pocket AM radio is able to receive radio waves with wavelengths up to around 500 meters or more?
The wavelenght of AM waves for broadcast is between 0.1 and 0.5 m they also normally come equipped with and extendable antenna
If you bought a pocket AM radio without 500m long antennae, you sir, got ripped off.
The must be a "full wavelength" statement was kind of misleading, antenna are usually a fraction of the wavelength, 1/4, 1/2, 5/4 etc.
@@thepaladin48 tadahhh, 😆
@@realJuniorRoberts No, what the US calls AM radio is between roughly 540kHz and 1720kHz. That's from over 550 meters to about 175 meters wavelength. You might be thinking of television signals, or maybe the VHF/AM radios aircraft use to communicate.
You might find an extendable antenna on an AM (540-1720kHz) only receiver but it's rare on portable battery operated AM only ones, if one is present it's usually for FM.
I didn't get my questions answered.. how many dimensions is light? can microwaves make it through the screen at the right angle? is light just one dimension or is the wave filled like water is? how does something travel in a direction going back and forth without any outside force?
Such a clear information in a funny manner. Marvelous 👍👍
you opened my eyes to wavelenghts
Another superb video…love this stuff
Love yall so much. Keep doin whatcha doin
My dad used the word wavicle, but he pronounced it wave-icle, with a long 'a' rather than a short 'a' in the word. But, because of him, I learned very young that light and any other forms of energy like Gamma rays, microwaves, radio waves were _wave-icles_! 😄😉 And I learned that radio waves can be many, many meters long! For example, the "10 meters band" is an actual radio band, along which many amateur radio operators talk to each other, and I even helped him put up an antenna *for* his radio. 😁
Oh, and you can still get free over-the-air TV stations with those physical, aluminum antennas!
So the diameter of the microwave wavelength is larger than the holes in the microwave screen?
Such as trying to put your hand through a window screen?
Because if the wave itself was as thin as a hair, you would have to rely on luck that it wouldn't wiggle in place to go through the holes or would just try to bounce back a percentage.
Very informative video.
I love these videos
What’s the physical length of the wavelength for channel 2 VHF? Is it about the length of the smallest tine on an old school VHF tv antenna? And channel 13 wavelength the length of the biggest tine?
Simpsons scientist impersonation was actually really good!
If you use very small wavelengths for observation, you put a very large amount of energy into the observed object.
And what we could do to observe atoms or even atomic nuclei without influencing them?
How do we get prismatic lenses so we can see all light spectrums at the same time? Also how long until we can convert light waves into radio or similar waves and connect to the lingering soundwave of the big bang?
Really enjoyed that. It filled some holes in my knowledge. Some graphics though might have helped. Are gamma rays dangerous?
yes
I've been trying to explain the basics of wavelengths to my young daughter. I kept things simple, but I believe she also understands more because of my series of books. Especially from one of the very memorable quotes in DD1.
🐲✨🐲✨🐲✨
I would love if this had a visual animation explaining what they are talking about in real in real time
Love it 7:03
At 9:19 Chucks mind went into another lane and he lost all sight of the conversation between him and Neil. 😂 Love these short explainer videos! Chuck and Neil literally teach me something with every video! Hope these videos never stop.
Something he didn't mention: The smaller the wavelength, the higher the frequency. The higher the frequency, the higher the amount of tissue damage a wave can cause. Which is why X-Rays and Gamma Rays can lead to cancer because of causing repeated cellular damage, especially in patients who demand repeated X-Rays for every little medical ailment.
Dr tyson thank you for all your help. I was just wandering about the microwave scenario, and if quantum tunneling and wave duality could let some microwaves get through?
8:23 Chuck: That is really, really cool.
Niel: Let's keep going in the other direction.
Me: Towards really, really NOT cool?
Question; What about the size small interior TV antenna?
enjoyed that, thanks.
So for better resolution than electron microscope do we need lighter or more massive particles?
If you had an antenna that was smaller then the wave length but the antenna moved up and down at the same speed of wave, would you be able to pick up the signal now?
Is there a way or a energy state to were a particle would lose its particle duality nature, and just be a standing wave , or a standing particle?
So when they say radio waves and other waves are different wavelengths, gamma is the highest because the wavelength is the shortest, does the amplitude change? Are radio waves just extremely low oscillating and gamma rays are very high oscillating waves. What about amplitude, do the gamma and radio waves both have similar amplitudes? I can't figure it out.
Neil, I Iove your humor, enthusiasm, passion, expressiveness, and gestures while you are teaching us. Also your explanation of the brilliant knowledge that you have stored away in that super brain of yours, you expertly craft into a format that we are able to digest, and then hunger for more. Thank you!! Enjoy your humor and wit Chuck! It feels like you too are hungry for knowledge and learning right along with us. You guys make a great duo for this Star Talk Podcast.
what does it mean for a hole to be smaller in size than an em wave? the "wavelength" is just the length of the wave right? i don't think there's any height to an em wave.. so as something with only length, basically a 1d object (line), how would it get blocked by a hole of any size?
like think about sound waves they're just longitudinal waves propagating through air, causing to and fro motion of the air particles. why would they get blocked by a hole smaller than their wavelength. (assuming wavelength means size of the wave in this case)
Gmrs and frs radio services with are the kind you buy at Walmart or any other work at approximately 70cm wavelength. The antennas are coiled.
Always love these shows, learning a lot from Neil became a fan after the Big Bang theory. Physics started to become really interesting to me
Loved this talk. Gamma rays are yet to be "seen"...did I hear that right? Considering what came out of electron microscopes, that is fascinating; we may someday due to science, get to understand super powers better. Intuitively we know, but we just can't see them....I like that. :)
@NdGT: What do you think of UA-camr 'Anton Petrov'? I've loved all your work for decades but I now find myself glued to his channel as it's a constant barrage of new information explained systematically with fundamentals, much how I've always appreciated about your work... You don't talk down to people just because you grasp the broad expanse of information comparatively to the majority; instead you help better the majority see the information at our level of understanding for the biggest group benefit of said information. 1st ? made me think of a 2nd ?: If you had the ability to pass your torch of influence to another person you feel grasps a big picture of science to help the masses understand, with a measure of humility that helps people learn better and more open to thought provoking ideas... who would you choose? Sorry, that ? was last second and I'm not checking my grammar or I'll keep rewording things.
Hey chuck, I have one also on my forehead but on the left side. It’s called an osteoma and it’s benign. Mine was caused by a concussion also, never removed it.
Great stuff
Thank you for sharing! I've been a fan since a child! 💌❤️
you been a fan for 24 hours
But waves move in all directions, how come the photon moves in one direction?
Hey, if anyone knows, I heard that in antennas, the size of it needs to be half the fundamental wavelength it needs to receive, so if the antennas of old TVs were 1 meter long doesn't that mean that the wavelength for them is 2 meters?
Since electrons are used to see in x-rays. What do we use to detect Gama waves?
Me calling into work:
"I won't be in today. I think I pulled my wavicle."
Dr. could you please do a explanation of how a gamma wave telescope works?
Great topic
Theoretically, we can use antennae to transmit visible light. The problem is making an antenna small enough (wavelength).