Stone axes have been tested on timeteam, both knapped flint and ground stone types and both cut wood. The markings each gave when tested matched cut wood found on sites. Knapped flint types needed reworking as the uneven cutting edge created weakness and small chips on the blade. Ground stone axes worked far better at wood cutting with far fewer chips because the cutting edge was not flawed.
Funny you mentioned Primitive Technology! His channel is what inspired me towards educating myself on everything from bushcraft to N. American archeology. And then years later, I find your channel. 💜 Wish I would have found it sooner. Thanks for all the -truly- educational content! Liked, subbed & shared with my brother.
In the PNW. It is wet a good portion of the year. Tribes here would put layers of wet mud around a tree, and burn below the tree ( small fire ) to topple a tree. They would keep the layer of mud wet, so the fire would not get above the mud. It took a but of time, and constant attention, but it worked. Which is why they used the big red cedars to make canoes.
hey thanks, i have wondered how they got those trees. then fire likely used to hollow them out. the large planks used to build their long houses were often split off strait grained standing trees with wedges.
In southeastern Ohio we tend to find a lot of small hematite celts. From about an inch long to 5 inches in length, some crudely sanded into shape and others beautifully polished… what is you take on their role or usages. We find hardstone celts less frequently here and axes are a rarity. Thanks for your time
Nate I have a question? Some people say Gorget’s were ceremonial pieces while some say they were used as Atl- Atl weights? What’s your opinion on the matter?
When we find them in mortuary contexts they're reportedly on the chest of the individual, but I've got friends who work in the mid Atlantic who say they find them in and among refuse middens too, so it's entirely possible that there are both prosaic and sacrosanct versions of them.
@@NathanaelFosaaen thanks for the reply, I had just found your video where you were talking about them. I’m making a day of watching your content. Thanks for all the hard work you put into Archological public education 👍
That's something wild. We don't have good evidence for any kind of axes for the Paleo except for possibly some in the Dalton phase. in the Eastern Woodlands it doesn't look like they had them, as absurd as that sounds.
@@NathanaelFosaaen I suspect they did however, they do not fit the prototype of grooved axes or celts and appear as natural “fractured “ rocks” I have identified a few that I suspect are axes at an early archaic site which I found about 10 feet from a beautiful Thebes. Ironically, the site is in my front yard. Digging into this site has produced hundreds of unusual flat rocks covered with fired clay. So much to learn about local archaeology. Thank you for your reply and awesome content. I’m addicted.
Sounds resealable. High silca worked tools that reassemble tomahawks probably have other purposes. I’m from the Great Basin area of the country and have been finding more and more artifacts that resemble hand axes. They are chipped tools. Do you think hand axes are legit.
I watched the young man in the video links you added, then I watched another one of him making a forge and a crucible and an iron knife the he made from the hematite he saw in the stream. He's very well educated in practical archeology. I would expect that he teaching somewhere. I'm one of about thirty people that carry the unique G-Haplo group of OTzi. I only found this out about three years ago; however I've been interested in making primitive tools since I was a boy. I make primitive bows, arrows, and I also do some flint knapping. The mystery for me is if any of my interests were passed on through my DNA. I don't think that these interests of mine and my questions can be answered by science; nevertheless, I find these questions interesting. The young man making the iron knife brought these things to mind again, because they found arsenic in OTzi's tissue from smelting metal. Life is a wonderous thing.
I found a Celt, I believe it’s a meteorite because a magnet sticks to it? I feel it could be important and rare, but I don’t know how to get it to someone such as yourself with expertise?
If the Arkansas ax wasn't a woodcutting tool, did its shape, appearance, etc. give any clues to what it might have been used for? Also, good call on the Primitive Technology channel. That guy knows a lot of cool stuff.
I'll need to find a citation, but I was just talking to one of my supervisors about the Allred ax the other day. He went to U of Arkansas and said that microwear analysis points to it being used on dirt. Maybe for turning soil in a garden or for cutting turf. something like that. Good question!
@@NathanaelFosaaen DNA clarifies Celts as Germanics, which includes most of Europe, ie: Vikings, Anglo Saxons, Danes, Jutes, early Romans, etc, however they seem to identify Celts with a particular area. Gaelic: the Irish, whose origin/lineage are Basque. Basque were the Seafarers, harvesters of ocean fish, and their DNA and some Basque linguistics/words are found in at least 2 Canadian First Peoples and 4 USA Native American Tribes; Iroquois, Cherokee, one other SE Tribe,and the Navajo. The Phoenicians were also Basque, as were the N African Indigenous White Berbers, People's of the Canary Islands, Welsh, and most predominately the Irish. Most recent DNA studies also confirmed that the Irish are highly influenced by the Danites, the Tribe of Dan, aka the "Tuatha de Dannan". The value of repeatable Science based Laboratory Testing is giving great values of validity to the Records of History, both written and in Oral Histories. It is providing a fact based value with which to audit the past story of History. Irish have long been labeled as Celtic, but they are distinctly Gaelic, and many subjects and icons labeled Celtic are actually Gaelic. Viking Admix to the Irish is limited to a small %, in particular areas, and it must be noted that those in Northern Ireland should be studied as a separate group, as they were British Lower socioeconomic groups directed there by Henry VIII. Just a value of validated findings from more recent studies, that many have yet to discover. There's a far more authentic values emerging through this technology and the "Paradigm is changing" as a result. That would only be resisted by individuals or groups that have more invested in their Ego and a Belief than in the Discoveries of Facts. The Original "Standards of Science and Research" and the use of "Conscious Thought + Higher Mind" prove to be sound guides. This surely makes my Undergrad Advisor and Professor of "Research Methodologies" most pleased. She drilled the Standards into my Subconscious and Conscious Mind. lol University of Memphis, Alumni. Beth Bartlett Sociologist/Behavioralist and Historian
I’ve recently discovered some sites where natives; most likely in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s cleared large areas of land, and the tools they used were not celts or grooved axes. As a matter of fact there isn’t one grooved axe or Celt on the site. Hafted Axes, hatches, pecking hammers, hammer stones, gouges, adzes, etc have all been recovered.
Beavers make dams in Russia- and North America. Do THEY cross the oceans and leave their culture all over? Necessity, design, and simplicity will sometimes converge on the same point independently.
I would like to send a picture you of my arrowheads and flint ax. I want to see if you can tell me if my flint ax is really an ax. What is your email? Thanks
Stone axes have been tested on timeteam, both knapped flint and ground stone types and both cut wood. The markings each gave when tested matched cut wood found on sites. Knapped flint types needed reworking as the uneven cutting edge created weakness and small chips on the blade. Ground stone axes worked far better at wood cutting with far fewer chips because the cutting edge was not flawed.
Thank you for all the educational videos! Your work is what the most optimistic among us once hoped that the internet could facilitate.
Funny you mentioned Primitive Technology! His channel is what inspired me towards educating myself on everything from bushcraft to N. American archeology. And then years later, I find your channel. 💜 Wish I would have found it sooner. Thanks for all the -truly- educational content! Liked, subbed & shared with my brother.
In the PNW. It is wet a good portion of the year. Tribes here would put layers of wet mud around a tree, and burn below the tree ( small fire ) to topple a tree. They would keep the layer of mud wet, so the fire would not get above the mud. It took a but of time, and constant attention, but it worked. Which is why they used the big red cedars to make canoes.
hey thanks, i have wondered how they got those trees. then fire likely used to hollow them out. the large planks used to build their long houses were often split off strait grained standing trees with wedges.
The video links are helpful. Thanks!
In southeastern Ohio we tend to find a lot of small hematite celts. From about an inch long to 5 inches in length, some crudely sanded into shape and others beautifully polished… what is you take on their role or usages. We find hardstone celts less frequently here and axes are a rarity. Thanks for your time
I've been fortunate to find two celts in my life and be present for a few others
Nate I have a question? Some people say Gorget’s were ceremonial pieces while some say they were used as Atl- Atl weights? What’s your opinion on the matter?
When we find them in mortuary contexts they're reportedly on the chest of the individual, but I've got friends who work in the mid Atlantic who say they find them in and among refuse middens too, so it's entirely possible that there are both prosaic and sacrosanct versions of them.
@@NathanaelFosaaen thanks for the reply, I had just found your video where you were talking about them. I’m making a day of watching your content. Thanks for all the hard work you put into Archological public education 👍
Is there a way to estimate the age of a celt based on its shape and the area where it was found?
Outstanding, thank you.
Awesome video you describe dead on
What artifacts remain of pre archaic wood cutting axes?
That's something wild. We don't have good evidence for any kind of axes for the Paleo except for possibly some in the Dalton phase. in the Eastern Woodlands it doesn't look like they had them, as absurd as that sounds.
@@NathanaelFosaaen I suspect they did however, they do not fit the prototype of grooved axes or celts and appear as natural “fractured “ rocks” I have identified a few that I suspect are axes at an early archaic site which I found about 10 feet from a beautiful Thebes. Ironically, the site is in my front yard. Digging into this site has produced hundreds of unusual flat rocks covered with fired clay. So much to learn about local archaeology. Thank you for your reply and awesome content. I’m addicted.
Well it would cost you a chunk of change, but you could send them to a lab for microwear analysis if you wanted to know for sure.
@@NathanaelFosaaen definitely! I’ll do it.
thunk u cab xee were it was bound wih domething for sure
I have a 3/4 groove axe and a really nice polished celt so a axe is older than a celt?
typically.
Sounds resealable. High silca worked tools that reassemble tomahawks probably have other purposes. I’m from the Great Basin area of the country and have been finding more and more artifacts that resemble hand axes. They are chipped tools. Do you think hand axes are legit.
In the Americas they're probably biface preforms rather than hand axes proper.
Do you research Canadian archaeology as well or just America?
Here and there, but I mostly work in the southeast.
@@NathanaelFosaaen fair enough.
I watched the young man in the video links you added, then I watched another one of him making a forge and a crucible and an iron knife the he made from the hematite he saw in the stream. He's very well educated in practical archeology. I would expect that he teaching somewhere. I'm one of about thirty people that carry the unique G-Haplo group of OTzi. I only found this out about three years ago; however I've been interested in making primitive tools since I was a boy. I make primitive bows, arrows, and I also do some flint knapping. The mystery for me is if any of my interests were passed on through my DNA. I don't think that these interests of mine and my questions can be answered by science; nevertheless, I find these questions interesting. The young man making the iron knife brought these things to mind again, because they found arsenic in OTzi's tissue from smelting metal. Life is a wonderous thing.
I found a Celt, I believe it’s a meteorite because a magnet sticks to it? I feel it could be important and rare, but I don’t know how to get it to someone such as yourself with expertise?
It's almost certainly hematite. I wouldn't exactly call them common, but they're a known thing that exists.
If the Arkansas ax wasn't a woodcutting tool, did its shape, appearance, etc. give any clues to what it might have been used for? Also, good call on the Primitive Technology channel. That guy knows a lot of cool stuff.
I'll need to find a citation, but I was just talking to one of my supervisors about the Allred ax the other day. He went to U of Arkansas and said that microwear analysis points to it being used on dirt. Maybe for turning soil in a garden or for cutting turf. something like that. Good question!
@@NathanaelFosaaen
DNA clarifies Celts as Germanics, which includes most of Europe, ie: Vikings, Anglo Saxons, Danes, Jutes, early Romans, etc, however they seem to identify Celts with a particular area.
Gaelic: the Irish, whose origin/lineage are Basque. Basque were the Seafarers, harvesters of ocean fish, and their DNA and some Basque linguistics/words are found in at least 2 Canadian First Peoples and 4 USA Native American Tribes; Iroquois, Cherokee, one other SE Tribe,and the Navajo.
The Phoenicians were also Basque, as were the N African Indigenous White Berbers, People's of the Canary Islands, Welsh, and most predominately the Irish. Most recent DNA studies also confirmed that the Irish are highly influenced by the Danites, the Tribe of Dan, aka the "Tuatha de Dannan".
The value of repeatable Science based Laboratory Testing is giving great values of validity to the Records of History, both written and in Oral Histories.
It is providing a fact based value with which to audit the past story of History.
Irish have long been labeled as Celtic, but they are distinctly Gaelic, and many subjects and icons labeled Celtic are actually Gaelic.
Viking Admix to the Irish is limited to a small %, in particular areas, and it must be noted that those in Northern Ireland should be studied as a separate group, as they were British Lower socioeconomic groups directed there by Henry VIII.
Just a value of validated findings from more recent studies, that many have yet to discover.
There's a far more authentic values emerging through this technology and the "Paradigm is changing" as a result.
That would only be resisted by individuals or groups that have more invested in their Ego and a Belief than in the Discoveries of Facts.
The Original "Standards of Science and Research" and the use of "Conscious Thought + Higher Mind" prove to be sound guides.
This surely makes my Undergrad Advisor and Professor of "Research Methodologies" most pleased. She drilled the Standards into my Subconscious and Conscious Mind. lol
University of Memphis,
Alumni.
Beth Bartlett
Sociologist/Behavioralist
and Historian
👍
Er dur Norsk?
Are you Norse?
I'm Appalachian. My grandfather was a hat kicker though.
@@NathanaelFosaaen fair enough. It was your appearance that threw me off. Sorry.
@@NathanaelFosaaen LOL ...
AURIGNACIANS WERE DISTANT ancestoral COUSINS OF THE Solutreans
I have a ground stone flake celt axe I have had it for 2 years and after watching the video i was like Bingo
You are incorrect big dog, they were definitely used for cutting wood
I'll retract my statements if you can provide proof.
@@NathanaelFosaaen It seems like that ax would serve well as a tool for dismemberment/ butchering large game.
Most flint points seem poorly made. Better made points seem to be made by successful tribes. Please comment.
What evidence supports that claim?
Finely made points and poorly made points can be and are found together on most sites. That has been my experience.
@@angelsinthearchitecture7106 Kids gotta learn to make them somehow.
@@NathanaelFosaaen That may explain some peices
I’ve recently discovered some sites where natives; most likely in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s cleared large areas of land, and the tools they used were not celts or grooved axes. As a matter of fact there isn’t one grooved axe or Celt on the site. Hafted Axes, hatches, pecking hammers, hammer stones, gouges, adzes, etc have all been recovered.
No iron tools recovered either. All stone, pottery, and glass.
Tomahawks were weapons.
Beavers make dams in Russia- and North America. Do THEY cross the oceans and leave their culture all over? Necessity, design, and simplicity will sometimes converge on the same point independently.
Are you drunk today 😂😂
I would like to send a picture you of my arrowheads and flint ax. I want to see if you can tell me if my flint ax is really an ax. What is your email? Thanks