Stepping into "Orchid Pavilion": The Story Behind "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains"

"Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains," one of China's ten most famous paintings and often likened to the "Orchid Pavilion" (a Chinese calligraphy masterpiece), is an ink-on-paper masterpiece by Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) artist Huang Gongwang (1269-1354), created for his fellow disciple Zheng Chu. The painting has a storied history of changing hands and was tragically divided into two parts due to a practice of destroying artwork in funeral rites. The first section, "The Remaining Mountain," measuring 31.8 by 51.4 cm, is housed in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. The latter section, "The Master Wuyong Scroll," 33 cm by 636.9 cm, resides in Palace Museum in Taipei.
Set against the backdrop of the Fuchun River in Zhejiang, the scroll captures the early autumn scenery along its banks, with approximately 80% depicting the Fuchun River in Tonglu and 20% representing Fuyang's landscapes. The original "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" was painted across six sheets of paper, later joined to form one long scroll.
Huang Gongwang, originally surnamed Lu and named Jian, hailed from Changshu, Jiangsu. Orphaned early in life, he was later adopted by the Huang family of Pingyang in Wenzhou, adopting the name Huang Gongwang. Known also as Zijiu and by other names such as Yifeng Daoren (Daoist of One Peak) and Dachi Daoren (A Silly Daoist), he is a monumental figure in the history of Chinese landscape painting.
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