How the Sun Shines: The Nuclear Reactions that Power the Sun
Вставка
- Опубліковано 27 вер 2024
- Explains the source of the Sun's power, the nuclear reactions that give energy and life to our planet.
Images from NASA, Jamen Long, Tino Schulz, EFDA-JET, Kelvin Ma
commons.wikime...
en.wikipedia.o...
commons.wikime...
![[UA] Eternal Fire проти NAVI | EPL Season 20 Malta](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/chvlsDygrZM/mqdefault.jpg)
This is the best explanation of the sun's nuclear fusion! Thank you very much!
oh all this fusion bullcrap, the sun burns oil at a ratio of 32:1, oil burs much hotter than any gas and has more electrons and lubricates better. Nothing beats oil and never will as the sun in oil injected oil fired!
Too bad it is hampered by very bad science going back almost 200 years. thats not a real star.
Try this from a professional:
ua-cam.com/video/_A7VFVwAA5U/v-deo.html
BUT ITS WRONG!!!
@@sonpopco-op9682 the video you link grossly misinterprets planck's work -- ρ = ρ' isn't saying that all objects have same reflectivity, it's a restatement of helmholtz reciprocity principle -- basically, if light can go from one medium (substance) into another, light can also go from second medium into first
@@bryanroessel203 which of course shows how it is improperly applied in astrophysics. Changing medium is not the same as light creation from a blackbody.
Best explanation of the Nuclear forces! There's no need for neutrinos, gluons, and stuff like that which may be important in reality, but not when teaching. Clean, simple, and informative enough for the layman.
The addition of the children at the end was brilliant. I like your station very much. I am old and have found a love for learning about the universe. It is so amazing beyond words for me. I like the simplicity of your videos. Seriously, they are short and very sweet. Thank you
Comments like these make me happy, thank you!
Sherry Goff
ua-cam.com/video/WnG7WZuka8M/v-deo.html
It's so awesome how you've taught your kids this. Love it.
I had a hard time following you there, but those kids really helped bring the conversation back down to my level.
I have a PhD in Nuclear Fusion and the quality of your videos in general , and this one in particular, blows me away! Thanks so much!
It does not explain the black spots we see on the sun, only electric univers channel explains this.
This is the clearest explanation of fusion I've found yet on UA-cam. Thanks a bunch!
Bruh... The kids at the end sold it to me. Great video. Definitely recommended
Great video - I remember being taught the PP1 cycle in Astronomy at university. Great to see the kids showing us nuclear fusion.
I have been studying the sun myself due to lockdown. This explination, after many, excited me so much that it filtered into my dream last night. THANKS!
this video is so underatted
Ok, this is hands-down the best explanation of nuclear science I’ve ever heard. EVER! And I’ve been exploring this topic for years.
Agreed!
Amazing video and great animation! Even more amazing is the fact that "beta decay" occurs due to quantum tunnelling..Quantum tunnelling is incredible rare, but there is so enormous amount of Hydrogen atoms in the mass of the sun ,that this tiny possibility happens all the time!!!!!!!! How can't man love science?!
This video really helped me to understand how nuclear force works and what is happening in sun..... Thank you so much❤
So many questions just cleared after I watched this video
8th grader
Wow, so happy to have found this clear and beautifully explained video. Looking forward to uncovering the no doubt many more gems on your channel. Thanks!
Best explanation on how the sun works. Thanks
This the best video I have come acros to explain the process. Nice work!
Such an elegant explanation. Thank you!
This channel is the best thing that happened to me in youtube
The end bit just had me in tears. Awesome video!
very good explanation, thanks a bunch
Learned something, which we take it for granted. Many thanks.
You did a great job explaining this thank you.
Idk how this doesn’t have more views
Best explanation out there
Aaaawh FINALLY i found what i was looking for!
Well done children. The future of our scientific explorations for a better life.
I'm loving this channel so much.
Stuff goes straight into the brain.
Thank you sir, you have helped me better grasp many things I thought I already knew well.
Thanks so much, you not explain the nuclear fusion, but also introduce the related knowledge such as chemical reaction, and you also concluded the key points by the kids, I suddenly see the light, subscribed, thanks so much!!
Oh mate that was awesome. This will help my lessons on hydrogen.
Great science class. Honors class no doubt 🧐
Ur channel is so underrated
I like how those girls explain fusion reaction of sun :)
The children are all just smart as their dad. Greetings from Hong Kong.
a true example of why this world is unfair. A great channel, but so few views.
It's so satisfying to hear the beta decay pop and the energy explosion sounds 💥
Best Explanation
Brilliant. Thanks.
Good info, I'm starting to like Science
Awesome video, loved it so much :)
You explained it with such a grace..... subscribed 😍
This video I think is the first that mentioned fusion in multiple steps and gave a timeline too!
Another masterpiece, If you just release more videos more often you'll be come a millionaire
the ending is very scary
Stunning graphics and script.
Geoff Simmons
ua-cam.com/video/WnG7WZuka8M/v-deo.html
Thank you soooo much for this
End was adorable 😊👌👌
Thank you so much i understand very neatly
Excellent educative video explaining fusion..... source of the Sun's energy.
There is one statement here, repeated, which I think could have been put better. At about 2.00, we are told tha certain combinations of atoms are more stable than others, and when they are brought together they "make energy". Actually, energy, properly understood, cannot be made, or destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another. (In the transformation, it is also degraded, increasing the amount of disorder in the universe, but that's another subject.) It would have been better to say that th energy 'stored up' -- the potential energy -- in the uncombined atoms, is released by speeding up the atoms which release it -- which we experience as 'heat'. However, this is just a small point -- overall, this is an excellent video and I hope we see more like this.
Excellent! Subscribed.
Wow, I learned so much from this! Thank you!
Wow this is awesome to learn about the Sun existence of the why?
Thank you.
Excellent
Great vedios . Love from India
Best explanation...New Subscriber Here 😋😊
i love the kids on the end of the video
Thanks very much,very cute and smart children 😊
Thank You Sir
That was a awesome video
Thank you Sir 🙏🏼
Best of the best ❤️
What we have learned ? Humans really dont know the big things in this world or in space . Our brain is not created for this . Thanks god that science never find out this amazing stuff about gods power ! Makes me really happy. Human history had shown what people with power are able to 😲
cosima kazak
ua-cam.com/video/WnG7WZuka8M/v-deo.html
well done.
Great video! What is the amount of energy released in each of the 3 steps?
Also, why the weak force is a "force"?
It seems so unrelated to the other 3 forces, which are forces between particles.
Step 1: 1.442 MeV, Step 2: 5.49 MeV, Step 3: 12.86 MeV. Steps 1 and 2 happen twice for every one Step 3. So the total is 26 MeV. MeV means million electon volts. Most chemical reaction only give you a few electron volts, so this is extremely energetic.
@@almoni127 The weak force has a similar pattern to the other forces. What's actually happening is an exchange of W-, W+, or a Z bosons. In fact, the weak force and the electromagnetic force have been unified into something called the electroweak interaction. I don't fully understand the details, but there's unified model that describes both forces. The reason the weak force is so weak is because the W-, W+, and Z bosons are pretty massive and thus harder to produce. Here's a diagram showing beta decay as an exchange between particles: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W_and_Z_bosons#/media/File:Beta_Negative_Decay.svg
@@ItsJustAstronomical Thanks for your answers! So all steps are about the same order of magnitude. Did not expect that.
(I did search a bit after asking and found out about beta decay and W/Z bosons)
so sweet. thanks.
There's so much love in learning, isn't there?
_and this cloud collapsed under the force of gravity releasing lots of heat...,_ yeah, but it didn't collapse because suddenly the cloud said... _oh I want to collapse..._ there's a reason why it did. Excellent explanation, though.
Nucleus is constituted only by protons and internal electrons, no neutrons , which is a pair of proton and electron in deep orbit.
8:35 There is also the energy released by the kinetic impacts between the objects that created the earth, stored as heat inside the earth.
And there's also gravitational energy in the form of tides and radioactive decay of the elements inside the earth. That's why I said "practically" all the world's energy. Our energy overwhelmingly dominated by the Sun.
@@ItsJustAstronomical Yep, the heat from inside the earth represents less than 0.1 % of the energy we get from the sun, so I guess I forgot to talk about the energy released by the heated arguments on twitter, which must be about the same percentage.
Lovely explanation
It was not too long ago relative to the history of civilization that SCIENCE learned that our Sun simply could not be a huge campfire in the sky . But what " baby " could light its fire ?
Best proton proton chain video I have found yet, thank you! So now a question… All physics documentaries say that solar fusion is thanks to pressure supplied by gravity. Your video explains that gravity isn’t enough, and the weak nuclear force is just as important for a good understanding. However, physics documentaries also like to talk about how heavier elements are fused in supernova explosions but I have never heard anyone explain where the neutrons come from in a supernova explosion… Surely the heat and pressure of a supernova still doesn’t explain how in those brief moments of intense energy, electrostatic repulsion of nuclei is overcome without a lot of free neutrons also in the mix… Can you speak to this? Thanks for any answer…
It's a good question. By the time a star goes supernova, it's been accumulating heavier elements for some time. Both by this type of nuclear reaction and several others. So I think there are enough neutrons around. Another thing to think about is that in the center of a supernova, a neutron star is forming. I don't totally understand this, but I've read that the temperatures are so hot, that protons turn into neutrons by electron capture.
Thanks
How is power of a reaction computed? Is mass considered? In the example 2H2O is 9 times heavier than He. It is not 5 million but about half a million.
GREAT VIDEO
I thought compounds that are more balanced give out less energy upon reaction. Why do you say otherwise?
Good job bro 😍😍
Best...
0001hrs at ist on July 11 2023 on Gregorian Calendar Systems
Nice
keep up the good work, you're great at teaching.
i have a question: 7:02 why is it Helium 3 and not Hydrogen 3? I mean, those being 2 protons and a neutron can be taken as a hydrogen nucleus with an extra proton or a helium nucleus without a neutron.
The number of protons determine the chemical properties of an atom. Hydrogen-3 exists but it has completely different properties because it has two neutrons and one proton.
@@ItsJustAstronomical oooh okay, thanks!!
Terimakasih.
sir what happens to the electron during nuclear fusion? Is there no part of electron in this process?
The electron is not involved. In fact, the Sun is so hot that hydrogen is in a plasma state of matter meaning the electrons are not tied to the protons like ordinary matter. The electrons are off doing their own thing aren't involved in fusion.
@@ItsJustAstronomical Thanks
You did really good on this presentation but the kids version was far more entertaining.
ty so muchh❤ suberibed
Couldn’t tell this video was outlined/cartoonish-3D from the thumbnail 😂😅
if it takes 1 billion years for 2 protons to trigger natural beta decay, and only 4 second for deuterium to combine into helium, how come the fuel does not end when all deuterium is consumed really fast but no new ones are created as fast?
Small amounts of deuterium are continually being produced in the core. For each proton it happens at random over a billion years. There is some naturally occurring deuterium. Most of it was burned up a long time ago. This is the difference between a normal star like our Sun and a brown dwarf. A brown dwarf has enough mass to burn deuterium, but not enough mass to make much of it through beta decay. Brown dwarf run out of deuterium quickly, but our Sun constantly makes more of it.
I have a question!! If two proton hits and one of them turned into neutron, so someone is gaining mass. So if we follow Einstein's equation we must provide energy. But you told it releases energy. I am bit confused there!!
BTW your have cute kids and happy to see your channel growing 😊
That's a good question. A deuterium nucleus (H-2) is made up of a neutron and a proton. At first, you might think it would be heavier than two protons, since neutrons are heavier than protons, but no it's the opposite. When you form that nuclear bond, the nucleus loses mass and releases energy. Or think of it another way. Once that bond has been formed, the neutron and proton are stuck together. The only way to separate them is to add energy. The bond itself, reduces the mass of the nucleus and releases energy.
Could you explain about a radioactive decay? I want to know what a decay means in radioactivity.
The video discusses beta decay which is one form of radioactive decay. Another form of radioactive decay is alpha decay. The is when a nucleus spits out a two protons and two neutrons which is the same as a helium nucleus.
subhaan Allah
If change the R gas expansion constant to constraint trap heat highest then sun exploded
6:45. I am curious how two protons colliding and creating a proton plus a neutron could release energy if the neutron is slightly heavier. Shouldn't the creation of more total mass absorb energy? I guess that is where the decay comes in.
No energy is released instead when 2 protons are close due to the electric repulsion.
I'm now curious - is the speed of the fusion reaction impacted by time slowing down in the gravity well of the sun, contributing to it's longevity?
It 's actually a pretty small small effect. It's only 3 parts per million slower:
www.quora.com/What-is-the-relative-rate-of-time-passage-at-the-center-of-the-sun-compared-to-the-surface-of-earth
how about other color of sun? Does it's have the same Nuclear Reactions?
Most stars use this reaction. But stars that are about 1.3 times bigger than the Sun use something called the CNO cycle. Also, when stars run out of hydrogen they may switch to other types of nuclear reactions. I may make some videos about this in the future.
Wow 😳