Why Only Some Vaccines Need Booster Shots
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- Опубліковано 19 жов 2024
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Vaccines teach your immune system to recognize pathogens, but sometimes your body needs a bit of a reminder.
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Thank you SciShow for delivering such quality information in difficult times. You guys are AWESOME.
except they are wrong i got my vaccine list and before obama bankrupted every single hospital i got the list of most of the dates for my vaccines and their order
so i need the tetanus shot that goes into the back and the polio vaccine since nov 6 but i live in america so getting the polio vaccine out of the question even though i am at risk for polio
then the hepatitis b when i am 35 after that the HIB a few years later the real flu shot
MMR the measles vaccine comes a few years or something like that after the HIB and when the MMR unvaccination rate drops to under 90% a measles outbreak happens
then the meningococcal (menectra) (i might have misspelt that but that one extremely important to prevent what happened to john green
then the PPD gets skipped and the tetanus and polio start up again and the PPD gets needed around 50 years old and the jimmy dore show helped me figure that one out because jimmy got that one and laughed about getting the polio vaccine before
i am at risk for pili
i googled all of this information and saved the links to help prove adults need all of these vaccine
+
@@jjcarvin4755 Just because YOUR PARTICULAR experience is an outlier does NOT mean that they are wrong. When efficacy is determined it is NOT about absolutely everyone. It looks like for YOU, your immune system doesn't make antibodies that last a long time. So your "proof" is nothing. One case does not a study make. Nor twelve or fifteen. In fact, if you have every studies any statistics, you would know that for many studies a minimum of 22 subjects need to be tested before ANY sort of meaningful conclusion can be reached and depending on what you are doing it could be 100's more.
So, good for you for googling the info. ALL adults do not need to get boosters for all the vaccinations that they have had in the past. For you, it looks like you do.
@@jjcarvin4755 You lost me already at the first line.
Also "saved link to" yet don't share. Good job
@@tardvandecluntproductions1278 i posted the links but youtube must of gotten rid of them i am able to give the information in the links again
lets start with this
Measles Shots Aren't Just For Kids: Many Adults Could Use A Booster Too
Measles, a disease long thought eliminated from the Western Hemisphere, re-emerged in Washington state in early 2019 -- 72 people were infected, 61 of whom were unvaccinated.
A new analysis just published in The American Academy of Pediatrics finds that the outbreak was not only harmful to the individual health of dozens, it cost society an estimated $3.4 million.
"A disease like measles is so serious because it is so contagious. Some of the greatest costs come from the public health response and contact-tracing efforts," Dr. Blythe Adamson, an infectious disease epidemiologist and economist and affiliate professor at University of Washington, told ABC News.
nothing lasts forever remember that so prove to me that a measles vaccine from childhood somehow lasts forever
other countries have a different time line but every adult in their country gets to get boosters so why not americans
also an idiot like you probably got the chickenpox shot did you know that the chickenpox shot never supposed to make it so you never get the chickenpox but to lessen the blow
without a booster to that death way more likely to happen because the chickenpox are in your system and nothing to soften the blow when it happens and people who get the chickenpox shot already get the chickenpox at a deadly age the older somebody is the more deadly it becomes
my brother is a neurologist major got his doctor about a year or two ago and he told me the chickenpox vaccine never meant to prevent chickenpox and surprised that anybody thinks that
"Why do I need a booster for a vaccine I got already?"
Think of like a firmware update. Sometimes you need a new version of the same vaccine because viruses are always trying to adapt to us and our defenses.
Would you refuse a newer patch of your antivirus software just because you already installed the basic version you bought at target ten years ago?
The efficacy my not even work as the body is the best at that job. Its amazing what medicine does.
It is also important to keep wearing mask to protect yourself and others from the new variants.
Not comparable. The rule with firmware is if it isn’t broke, don’t fix it. Firmware updates often break things. - Computer Techie
@@SK-le1gm the ability to speak does not make you intelligent.
@@TisDansk In S.K's case it's ability to speak and type clearly only serves to reveal its ignorance and pathological stupidity.
just want to thank you guys for giving your best to be informative and truthful since I am trusting you on most the info you give about covid (I should research myself more)
I was always fully vaccinate but when I was 12, I still came down with measles. It was horrible! The truly scary thing for me was knowing that the single shot I received as a toddler, likely made the disease much less serious than it would have been otherwise.
I have the unlucky distinction of being one of the kids who helped teach the medical establishment that a booster shot was required for measles and many other immunizations.
You're welcome
1989 spring break, senior year in college, I remember well. I didn't become I'll, but many from my campus did...it was a mini premier to 2020 in fact. Because the medical establishment had switched to a different vaccine and vaccination schedule when I was young. Therefore, a few years later, I had to get reimmunized before I could enroll in grad school...a 3 shot regimen.
Yes! They've updated the measles vaccine sched since I was a baby too! I had been vaccinated but lost immunity as an adult
@@alyseandrews1066 I got my last MMR vaccine before college and I think I'm supposed to get it again now. I might be due for tetanus too but I don't even remember if I'm up to date. But I can log into my online chart to check.
@@AaaaNinja Tetanus is a 10 year schedule, but I went 25 years (35 years old to 60) once.
i think you mean chickenpox the chickenpox vaccine never prevents chickenpox and they tend to be similar
when the unvaccination rate for mealses drops to under 90 percent then a measles outbreak happens
so either your area got the measles outbreak due to adults or children being unvaccinated
or it was chickenpox
Thank you for all your amazing science communication over the years. We need it now more than ever!
Excellent video. Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video. Many thanks for the many links to the sources.
Kiwioco looks awesome.
best advertisement i ever got on youtube. fitting the content very nicely.
thanks :-)
My experience with the measles is interesting. I was born in 1959 and didn't get vaccinated because it wasn't a thing then. As a result I got the measles and the mumps, not once or twice but three times each. Although the last measles could have been rubella but the Dr wasn't clear on that. I remember that my mum who was a nurse saying that if got the measles and the mumps you shouldn't get it again, well I'm the exception to the rule.
“Once you have had measles, your body builds up resistance (immunity) to the virus and it's highly unlikely you'll get it again.”
www.nhs.uk/conditions/measles
I guess it isn’t impossible if you make substandard antibodies. You are a medical marvel!
I had the chicken pox twice. The first time was a mild case at age six diagnosed by my grandma who was a Korean War Naval RN and then worked in hospitals after the war. My second case was when I was 21 and it was severe. I mean I was covered from head to toe and even had them in my throat causing me to have trouble swallowing. A client accidentally gave them to me before he knew that he was infected and I pasted them on to my younger brother. Ironically, my second bout happened just a few months after the chicken pox shot became available and I didn’t get it because I thought I was immune.
I was always told you could only get Mono once as well and I’ve had it 3 times. And apparently getting it multiple times is more common than they let on because they did a different test for it.
I’ve had the chicken pox twice, and even though I am routinely immunized with the MMR, when tested, my body doesn’t show I’ve got functional antibodies after about four years. (The things you learn when you switch hospitals for work.) Some bodies are just weird-and it’s possibly not a coincidence I’ve developed an autoimmune disorder as I’ve aged. (It’s something one of my physicians is exploring.)
Actually, it's wrong. It could've been a different virus type of both diseases. You might not be an exception.
Just got my 2nd Moderna shot today.
Congrats!
👍
How are you feeling? Any side effects? I am scheduled for mine in mid-April.
I got my J&J single dose shot today
Currently I have chills and a bit of a headache. But it’s not as bad when I contracted Covid a few months ago.
ua-cam.com/video/-S9Dz6PZ1gU/v-deo.html
Love the info, love the presentation, and especially love the extremely cute B-cell and T-cell animations! Thanks, SciShow!
The main thing I took from this is that Orin is four.
Kinda knew the rest of it already (well, understood, didn't know about Moderna planning to test boosters in July), but that last bit in the sponsor section surprised me. Thought he was like two.
Can you tell I'm not good with time? 😅
Still, great vid. Watch SciShow like clockwork cause even if I already know or understand something I usually learn something new. You guys are really good at translating Science in ways that we can easily understand, cheers.
(Felt the need to add a bit about the video cause I went on a tangent :P)
I got KIWI for my grandson. He gets so excited when he gets his box every month. He and his mom put them together. Love it.
Can you do a video on why some people don’t develop immunity when given certain vaccines? Like the hepatitis B vaccine for example.
The B lymphocytes dont respond to the antigens injected from the vaccine and, therefore, do not produce antibodies. This is a common phenomenon with a few vaccines including the hepatitis vaccines. As far as why the immune system doesnt respond in a healthy individual I am not aware, but repeating the vaccination with eventually lead to development of antibodies in a person with a functioning immune system
Hepatitis B is a tricky one. If the hepatitis B vaccine is given to a newborn they seem to develop long term immunity. The efficiency of the vaccine is less if given to older children and only around ten percent in adults. Hepatitis B infection in infants is far more likely to become a serious chronic infection, while for 90 percent of adults who catch it the infection will be eliminated by the immune system in a few months.
I ate a meal yesterday, what do you mean I need to eat again?
I needed an MMR booster after I had my first baby! We discovered during prenatal bloodwork that I'd somehow lost my immunity to measles despite being vaccinated as a child! 🤷♀️ My GP was baffled
I can personally attest to the necessity of boosters. I was vaccinated for Whooping cough but managed to catch it literally months before my booster
the whooping cough vaccine causes the whooping cough and why i wont get the tetanus vaccine unless it goes into my back because it has the whooping cough in it other wise
for getting the tetanus shot and then getting the whooping cough from it posting about it online might make it so you get some money from the government i heard others doing that
i think whooping cough got added to the side effect list as well
@@jjcarvin4755 The vaccine for whooping cough and tetanus in the US (tdap for adults, dtap for kids under 7) doesn't contain the live whooping cough bacteria so it can't cause whooping cough.
www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/vaccine-details/diphtheria-tetanus-and-pertussis-vaccines
And posting online will not get you money from the government. If you've been injured by a vaccine, you either have to file a claim for vaccine injury with the vaccine injury compensation program or sue the manufacturer.
@@themikeroberts i cant get that i might die from the whooping cough i got a weak immune system now
i need the tetanus shot that goes into the back like i got told and the drinkable polio vaccine proven to be the most effective by other countries
i am at risk for polio i need to be able to choose my vaccines and the american government wont allow adults to get the MMR vaccine as well
first the spanish flu outbreak HIB vaccine and then measles because the moment the measles unvaccination rate drops under 90% then the measles outbreak happens
i been injured by a vaccine before and right now every single hospital is bankrupt suing them makes somebody a horrible person
i watched allie and charles trippys vlog when their 2 year old pointlessly got stitches then lied about stitches that dissolve
i know more about vaccines and whats going on then most other people i need the tetanus shot and i needed it since nov 6 and nobody cared and now they will tell me i am over due and its like when i wanted it back before april i kept being told no
i got told multiple times i never ever again need another vaccine
@@themikeroberts in america it becomes a must get the one for the whooping cough i would like to know what hospital or place i am able to go to get the dtap that goes into my back
i been fighting for the vaccines since nov 6 and sort of before my mychart proves it
Oh man that sucks!!!!! Whooping cough would be my nightmare.
Such a informative video!! You really summed it up for me!
Here is something I've always wondered. Why are lab results different by lab?
What do you mean by that specifically?
Lab results for what? Lol are you asking in general or in relation to covid? Lol
I'm so excited to get my second COVID shot in 5 days ^_^
@Chris Miller Lmao I'm the least afraid since it's started so I'm good.
@Chris Miller isn’t life itself “fear that lasts a life time”?!! we fear death until we die so we sustain our bodies and protect them. We don’t receive that fear from a vaccine, people and animals have always feared death
Germinal Center aka a public bathroom.
I've learned that we don't know much about immunology. That's one of those things I definitely thought someone else was sure of.
Question I've always wondered about, it might be unanswerable but: is there a maximum number of diseases we can have antibodies for? Like books on a shelf, even a really big book shelf eventually fills up, and we need to take one off to fit another on. It makes sense to me that the human immune system would work in a similar way (though of course it might not, which is why I'm asking!). Is our bookshelf of antibodies ever expanding/infinite? It makes sense to me too that books we don't read often/ever would fall off the shelf on their own, which explains the need for boosters. But how does getting the flu shot every year impact this? I know that getting a new flu shot doesn't push the measles book off the shelf, but why not? Do flu vaccines naturally fall off the shelf on their own in 3-5 years, making this not so important? How does the measles vaccine stay on my bookshelf permanently, while tetanus only lasts 5-10 years?
I am so curious, please someone teach me.
Here's the mind-blowing part; you ALREADY HAVE the infinite bookshelf!! Look up VDJ recombination, that's the amazing process by which your immune system generates this library. It's an incredible process that gives you a HUGE variety of B or T cells ready to identify the infectious antigen that, while they have never encountered before, are specifically keyed for. Almost no matter how exotic the infectious agent, your body has the correctly keyed cell somewhere in you, ready to become activated.
The reason we need vaccines (or rather, why vaccines help us survive viruses with greater success) is because what normally happens when you get a new infection is that cells in your innate immune system basically capture and march the infectious agent by countless countless of these specifically keyed various cells in your lymph nodes. The one cell that is correctly keyed to some part of that new virus is ready to jump into action and produce, for example, plasma cells -- this time, with ONLY that one version antibody but in MANY copies. That can be a time-consuming process that gives a virus time to make huge gains in the battle against your immune system. So.... vaccines let us skip that entire process. A vaccine gives your immune system a copy of a part of the intruder that isn't functional otherwise. In the case of COVID, it's a part of the surface of the virus that is unique (well, in the case of COVID, they couldn't just inject in directly, they injected instructions for your cell machinery itself to make that little piece). A vaccine is a way of giving your immune system advance notice to raise a standing army ready to fight that exact virus, but with 0 risk of actually getting an infection (virus side effects are pretty much always unrelated to anything involving the relevant virus). Time can make all the difference, and deny the virus an opportunity to reproduce in significant numbers (though in the case of COVID, you could still show evidence of infection and feel sick, as is the case with various vaccine-virus relationships).
I'm only a rising M2 medical student. While host defense is part of M1 (which I miraculously passed), I need to study like a wild animal before I take the first board. Which is to say, this was probably a very sketchy explanation and you can find much better out there. But I enjoyed typing this out! And the answer is correct -- you basically ALREADY have the entire library! The correct "book" is found in an amazing process in your lymph nodes, and then many copies of that book are made.
I get sick like 30 times a year. Even had covid for 2 months (going to 3) I just got a really bad immune system. On top of that, I'm super allergic to some vaccines... so all of this yearly/monthly new shots stuff is pretty scary to me.
Shame how we can't just get 1 shot that works for a really long time.
I think I'm the exact opposite of you. Seriously, what's the problem with you Americans? We Asian almost NEVER get sick!
@@lewisho8114 lol except for Covid, swine flu, SARS, right?
I think every race is nearly equally susceptible to every disease because we are all the same shity vulnerable species LOL
So did you get the vaccine?
@@lewisho8114 Hmm Asian supremacy huh?
I got my 10 year booster 4 years ago a few months later my mom,brother,sister and nephew all got whooping cough my mom ended up in the hospital and almost died I went to see her every day to bring her coffee and treats because she hates hospital food I literally sat on her bed with her maybe 2 feet away daily for 2 weeks and I never got sick my mom still hasn’t fully recovered from it . Everyone has their boosters now even though having whooping cough should prevent them from getting it again .
I was vaccinated as a child but found out I’m not immune from Rubella… after I became pregnant and they do the mmr test to see if ur immune due to the devastating effects on pregnant women and the fetus
Scientists & healthcare workers are truly the heroes of the era. I hope this inspires kids to go into science & medicine.
Question: I live in germany and had the astrazeneka vaccine but I still need the booster shot they said. Now the people up there decided to use a different vaccine as the booster shot? How does that work? I mean, a different vaccine to boost the previous one?
Was wondering the same thing.
the same spike proteins
They might be referring to the risks of blood clots from the AstraZeneca Vaccine. They're thinking about giving younger people (18-50 year olds i think) who had AZ as their first dose another brand of vaccine as a second dose to minimize the risk of clotting. Long story short, your booster shot might be a different vaccine technology than AZ. They all help you build immunity against covid but they differ in vaccine technology.
I also have a four year old and haven l been thinking about doing the kiwi co thing for a while now
No idea
As someone who got Pertussis due to the mentioned need for booster shots, it sucks. Definitely don't recommend getting whooping cough.
Oh, I thought this was going to explain why/how the Moderna & Phyzer vaccines require a 2nd booster shot while the Johnson & Johnson does not require a booster.
it does, indirectly. you can apply the information provided here to the different cov19 vaccines
the J&J vaccine is an old-fashioned viral vector vaccine unlike Moderna's & Phyzer's so that might have something to do with it. But another vaccine from AstroZenika is also a viral vector vaccine but requires a booster after which to me is really weird. It might have something to do with the virus they use the vector for delivering the CV-19 genetic material but I don't think so. My best guess right now is that J&J simply choose to focus on one-shot vaccines in their clinical trials to give them an advantage compared to mRNA vaccines as they knew their efficacy would be lower and AstroZenika didn't make that choice and now that their trials are done they just have to do what they did in their trials which for them is using boosters even though you actually might only need one viral vector vaccine as the J&J clinical trials proved. However, the mRNA vaccine studies showed a booster raised efficacy from 60% to 95%. Why a viral vector booster vaccine for the CV-19 virus wouldn't do the same I don't really know.
I don't trust J & J anything The more I think about the Tylenol poisoning the more I think it was a ploy on their part and not a mystery person
The reason is largely just because that's what was tested. They only had time to test one schedule. The earlier companies went for two shots because early days showed two was better than one. J&J, coming later, decided to test a single shot as an alternative that might be easier to deploy. However, they see now also testing to see if two shots would significantly boost immunity.
Fun fact:As a foster kid in the early 80's changing case workers and foster families would require me to go get school vaccinations before every school year started, so I think I got them every year from preschool to fourth grade when I was adopted 😀
Awesome, thanks scishow
I really hoped you would answer the question about why a vaccine like the AstroZenika CV19 vaccine needs a booster but the Johnson & Johnson vaccine does not even though they are both viral vector vaccines. It would be easier for me to understand why if one of them for instance was an mRNA vaccine but they are not, and they both have similar efficacy rates. It might have something to do with what virus is used as the vector as I would guess the genetic information they are delivering would be almost the same if not exactly the same. My guess is that there is no real difference and it was just that one company focused their clinical trials on one-shot vaccines while the other did booster trials and so after they needed to do the same
ua-cam.com/video/VnJkPL-jlFI/v-deo.html
Scishow provide better information than the news media and without instilling fear in the public
from a young age i've found this matter highly facinating. but boy there is nothing like going through it and learning that way which luckily we don't experience too often because of vacines.
for covid i've experienced varying symptoms for the different times i've gotten it. some symptoms get less apparent because of going through the process of defeating it (thank god) but some symtoms i had the 2nd time were not there the first time when it was the WORST THING EVER.
French Canadian here 💋 🇨🇦 I am pretty good at English but sometimes I feel stupid that I didn’t learned anything about diseases... Rougeole, and Coqueluche are the unrelated french word unlike plants animals countries and planets 🪐 the names of the English counterparts are somehow unrelated or unlearned for me
Hey 2021, Delta and Omnicron says hi.
Nice shirt, Hank
Can u guys do a video on why there are vaccines for chicken pox and shingles but none for EBV or HSV-I/II?
The herpes virus has more complicated DNA than most infections and has ways to go undetected by our immune system, much like many cancer cells do.
what are these animations and how are they so adorable
So, I was hospitalized antepartum with my 3rd child at age 33. I know my mom had me fully vaxed as a kid. My titer for measles required me to get another shot. BUT... at the age of 30 I had a splenectomy... should I get titers for all childhood vaccines since you said they hang out in the spleen?
You should consult your doctor about this instead.
@@MsEverAfterings yup, I agree but the amazing US health system has me without health insurance right now and if I go to the dr then it will cost $300+ just for my general practitioner/family dr. I can just imagine how much a specialist costs. I was educated in 2013 after the removal that I would always have a weaker immune system and all that, but they did not discuss the vaccine issue
Pharmacist here
you must have had some vaccinations before the splenectomy
no you don't need titers for ALL childhood vaccines
You're sure they didn't vaccinate you against pathogens like streptococcus pneumoniae or neisseria meningitidis before or just after the splenectomy?
I also recommend you get the flu vaccine every year, especially when you're pregnant
@@amineaboutalib thanks for the reply. I did receive those vaccines before leaving the hospital and have got another round of pneumonia shots 2 yrs ago at the 5 yr mark of my splenectomy.
@@emsjen splendid
you're most welcome
keep the flu vaccine in mind okay?
The best one-shots are the 360-no-scopes... To the head. According to FPS Doug
I haven't been to the doctor for well over 10 years....
What about the polio vaccines.
Within a quarter of a second I instinctively went to move the mouse across ready for 'skip ad' then realised it was part of the video haha
More update on booster please 🥺🥺🥺 it's already past 10 months
As a child You get the MMR (2 shot series), then you get a booster as an adult. What happens when you have the child series, adult booster & another 2 shot series as an adult and the titer comes back as NOT immune to just one of the MMR virus such as measles (rubeola)?? Will I get the measles? Is there an explanation to the non-immune response?
Id be happy to get a boster every week till i become a significant percentage of vaccine if it means i can eat lunch with a friend in the same room
If things can become any semblance of normal, ill do it once a week. This year has screwed me up
🎵Sweet dreams are made by the CDC, who are we to disagree?...🎵
My mother get only the first shot of AZ , she is not talking the second one , is one shot be protective again covid 19?
A four year old! Oh man, have I really been watching you on UA-cam that long?
We got sino pharm vaccine and now all the country refuse sino pharm is it good to take 2 dose pfizer vaccine after 6 month
A Virologist-in-training here. Just take the Pfizer 2 Dose only once if you have a normal Immune System. I myself agree and even tho Vaccinations are open in my country, I'm refusing to get Vaccinated bcoz they're using the SinoPharm vaccine which is basically useless. So yeah try to get the Pfizer one ASAP if you really want to be protected
Do they know if we need a booster for smallpox?
small pox was eradicated in 1980! Huray!
@@solsystem1342 Except for the samples that they keep in the freezer for research and 'just in case'. 😁
The same reason why we update iOS.
I don’t have Kids.
Can I get KiwiCo for all my mice?
I was literally thinking this myself like one day ago I think
All for vaccines, but I think I've had multiple lifetimes worth of anthrax boosters. I love having vaccines for things I may never encounter, but being jabbed with that one is less fun then a root canal with a blow torch sans anesthesia.
I literally just got a tetanus shot yesterday after not having one for ~15 and this pops up.
I just got my tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis vaccine on Monday. The pharmacist told me that I was due and I said, "I can't be!" I pulled out the handy card that I keep in my wallet with my family's tetanus vaccination dates. Me: 2008 - Doh!
It's like asking why an antivirus program for someone's Amiga wouldn't be much use on Windows 10 today, it's just not up to date... :P
What I heard, Prepare to wear your mask for a long time. Happy life
You weren’t listening then
@@austinz9310 nah, I'm just no longer trusting my government.
@@austinz9310 haven't you heard from the media, you still need to wear your mask despite being fully vaccinated from covid. Also since there's more varients of covid popping out, you'll still need to be vaccinated despite also fully vaccinated.
I had all three Hepatitis B shots and was tested 6 months later and I was showed to be immune. However, two years later the tests should I was no longer immune and need another shot.
The memory b-cells can slowly die off and need to be recreated via being exposed again (by a booster or altered vaccine)
This came up when I searched up "summary of this month's findings" by lilla oshisaure
Whether you're a car guy or a health guy: always choose BOOST if it's an option.
🤣 my husband would agree with you
I like the way you think!
I wish educational science shows didn't use so much personification and/or incorrect wording when talking about stuff. It makes it confusing and ultimately teaches the wrong information.
now the disabling of dislikes makes sense...
I only have one major question. Our biggest goal as humanity is to work together to research and overcome diseases and other obstacles that might hinder human development and progress.
So why is it there are at least 2 competing vaccines for COVID19 at this point? I get the reason why we got the vaccines fast, but according to a lot of sources I looked into, one of them is making a bad name for the other vaccines for being "too rushed" thus making a lot of people afraid to get the vaccine to begin with, and the one in question really does seem to be rushed since some people are dying not long after taking it.
What my full question is, are there actually differences to these vaccine variants, and why do they exist if so? Shouldn't scientists all be working together and researching for the same goal instead of making separate ones that split the population and possibly cause fear for failed vaccinations?
You'd think combining all these competing efforts into a single team would have been the most efficient way, right? And in a way, that's right. But 12 months ago, there was something far more important than efficiency: *time.* By letting dozens of teams work on their own vaccines at the same time, we greatly increased the chance that at least one good vaccine would come out fairly quickly.
And it did! Several vaccines came out very quickly! But nobody could have known ahead of time which approaches would produce a useful result. Vaccine development is so complicated and there's so many things that can go wrong. A lot of approaches won't work at all, or won't work very well, or will take too long to scale up to millions of doses, or will have a rare side effect that kills a small number of people. And that's the nature of drug development. We can't know in advance which teams will cross the finish line first, and we didn't have the time to waste finding out. We couldn't sit around for 6 months waiting for the first approach to fail before moving on to the second.
Been watching guitar videos all day and my reaction is ALWAYS boost. Tube Screamer has to say on all the time, what are you kidding me? You'll never get the right Les Paul sound if the boost is off.
Scishow needs to do a new episode on covid already.
So, given that the flus are generally described in the form of H#N# based on their antigens (unless I'm way off base about that part), and I don't know of any going above like 14 or so for either number, that'd be a total of, uh, about 200 possible variants, right? At least as far as antigens are concerned. I'd assume some just don't work, so cut the number down to, say, 150 or so we might actually encounter.
So, how long does immunity to a particular strain last after the vaccine? If it's, like, a decade or more, surely we could make a vaccine for each one (or rather, like what we've got each year, cocktails containing vaccines for anywhere from 3 to 15-ish strains) and just give people immunity to all of them in a rotating cycle of yearly shots (say, one year a shot with all of the H1N(whatever) strains plus a few of the H12 strains because, say, H1N14 can't exist - and then all of the viable H2 strains and a few H13s the next, etc), rather than having to figure out which ones are most prevalent for each year and target those. If enough people got that full immunity for enough time, wouldn't that almost stamp out the flu in general?
I think it's not even ALL the antigens, though. One H1N1 can have antigens that are just different enough from another H1N1. Influenza mutates so much, it's not even about existing strains, but new mutations each year.
There is work being done on developing universal, one-shot flu vaccines, though. I think they target parts of the virus that mutate much less frequently. I haven't looked recently, but I'd imagine they're within decades, at most.
Look up the SciShow vid on the flu vaccine! From a Few years ago. Some of your questions will be answered.
What’s with the pink t-shirt under a gray shirt? Is this a new fashion statement from the USA?
Still very strange. Would've never guessed.
@@GROOVY585 Thanks, guys. Strangest stuff.
Had no idea he was a father.
3-25-22
@@GROOVY585 funny, I literally was watching a video on bitcoins when I read your reply.
3-26-21
This is so cool
Cause sometimes your immune system needs a reminder.
Boost me up baby. Ohhhhhh yeahhhhh
Does the Gardasil shot need a booster?
Yes, it's recommended, I had to get at least, 2, might have been 3.
Being a former genital warts patient thought I would die with hpv.i'm so grateful to Dr.Osaoji on youtube for the permanent eradication
Congratulations on being a dad, albeit belated somewhat....
Video: *Science*
Disliker: *Laughs in Antivaxx*
Flu vaccines are not so much "whole new vaccines," unfortunately, but really minutely tweaked vaccines to try to prepare the immune system against minutely changed lineages of the virus, but unfortunately the immune response against a given viral variant can be still based on a previous vaccine or infection, and not be as effective, compared with that same lineage or vaccine being the first antigenic exposure. It's the "original antigenic sin," researchers are still trying to figure out how to deal with it.
Whenever vaccines and boosters come up, I always have to speak up: Your whooping cough vaccine wears off in your teens! You need a booster! Ask me how I know! (Pertussis, 0/10, do not recommend). (This applies to the people with the killed-cell version, I guess, as opposed to the fragment one you mentioned here.)
If you see an ob/gyn, you may be able to get your booster while you're there, because it's also given in pregnancy so they likely have it on hand.
It depends how much money the vaccine companies want to make, lol.
According to my knowledge, it had been saying that Covid-19 transmissible throw droplets 💦, how that happens while we didn't see patients sneezing, is it the droplets when they talk only ?????
or the droplets when you breathe
OH HOLY FATHER OF MEDICINE PLEASE BAPTISE ME IN THE LAKE OF IMMUNITY AND WHISPER THE SACRED OATH OF THE GERM THEORY SO THAT I MAY MEET MY FAMILY AND OBTAIN WEALTH.
At last no M for S sponsorship, it gets a like just for that.
@@GROOVY585 F
The World Health Organization says you don't boosters for tetanus if you were fully vaccinated as a child. The vaccine is good for life.
Uh no they’re decent for a few months then the effectiveness Wears off then you will need booster shots
I thought this one was about adjuvents.
These days all eyes are on Science channels that delivers the latest info from scientists who in turn are under huge pressure. XD.. I even know some people who aren't interested in Science at all started to watch science channels to get informed.
too much boost on a weak engine can damage it, oh wait wrong chanel.
It didn't answer the question I came to watch thinking it would answer: why do some COVID-19 vaccines, namely the J&J, come in only one dose?!
I just wonder what is this path we are walking? Where is it leading?
Are we so afraid of death that the very path we desire is left out in the midst of fear of nature?
Comment for the Algorithm Gods!!!
This reminds me that I need to get my covid booster
I have a question so if you already have one of these diseases and you get vaccinated will you be able to get over the disease?
Don’t quote me, but I don’t think it works that way. Vaccines gives your immune system a “heads up” so that it can start defending itself.
Once an actual viral infection has alreadt happened, it’s a bit late for the early warning.
Imagine a radar early warning defense system. The radar allows you to fight off the attack by giving you a heads up. The radar needs to be on before the attack. If you turn on the radar after the bombs start falling, it isn’t going to be effective at preventing the attack.
Not a great example, but that’s the way I see it.
Vaccines prevent - they don’t cure. Wait until you recover before getting a vaccination. Your immune system doesn’t need to deal with two issues at one time. Not to mention you could spread the virus to the staff at the vaccination clinic.
@@emmaisalone
“A therapeutic vaccine is a vaccine which is administered after a disease or infection has already occurred. A therapeutic vaccine works by activating the immune system of a patient to fight an infection.” - Wiki
It’s a bit of an oxymoron like bittersweet. It’s really an injected therapy and not a vaccine since it does not protect. Like cancer medicine that’s delivered using vaccine technology, it is really immunotherapy.
In the case of herpes vaccine, I think the goal is to introduce a modified version of the herpes virus that won’t hide from your immune system. Your immune system will see this modified virus and create antibodies that can control the virus that normally hides away in nerve cells or neurons. I might be oversimplifying. But it is kind of a special case.
@@cloudpoint0 I was just speaking hypothetically
@@josephreed3948 I answered hypothetically.
I think that undershirt need a booster shot.
Its looking a little flush :P
JK
Hey I'm kinda early
Too early, we're not open yet.
Ikr?
Awwww, you really know he loves his kid when he's just looking for excuses to hang out this them :)
Spoilers! lol
Anti-vaxxers: boosters? Not so fast.
I wonder if there is any possibility that the Flu shot could add Covid defense, or do the different types of vaccine (or just not a good idea to do both at the same time) mean two shots?
No because those are two different pathogens. The reason why we need a new flu shot is because of mutation, but it’s still the flu. The flu and Covid would both need totally different formulations of newly-mutated versions of the original version
Is there any hope for a delivery system that does not involve shots? Like, could we make a pill that one takes every day for a few weeks and then thry would have the same immune strength against the disease as someone who had the shot?
What about the individual does this also play a part in the booster shots? I recall I didn't need many boosters well as well as my siblings. I heard that when I was a kid got measles twice this was in the 70s, what was that about in my old school grammar school in the USA.