RNP AR on the Flight Deck - Procedure Design

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*RNP AR Procedure Design in Flight Management: Direct the Future of Navigation*
Welcome and congratulations on reaching the halfway point of this course. In this module, we will examine the different types of waypoints used in RNP AR procedure design, the use of fixed radius legs, and how to determine minimum approach values for your RNP AR approach procedures.
RNP AR is the most flexible concept to date for airspace planners to address air traffic control restrictions, procedures to avoid noise sensitive areas, tracked mile savings, terrain and obstacle restrictions. The RNP AR trajectory relies on infinite combinations of rotating and straight legs for procedural design.
The standards and recommended practices set out in ICAO document 9905 should be followed when designing RNP AR approach procedures. Specific design criteria for RNP AR take-off procedures have not yet been published, so the design is based on ICAO document 8168, PANS OPS and adapted where necessary to suit the required RNP value. Additionally, if necessary, an operator can identify a non-engine fail trace based on the RNP AR navigation specification.
The RNP AR procedure is defined laterally and vertically using consecutive legs between waypoints. All waypoint coordinates are expressed in WGS 84. Waypoints used in RNAV are aircraft-to-aircraft and aircraft-passed points. Leg-to-leg transitions are non-geographic and cannot be repeated. For example, due to the difference in ground speed.
Due to higher accuracy, design criteria for NavBlue RNP AR procedures recommend using only fixed and constant radius legs. The resulting orbit is an accurate geographic and repeatable orbit.
Different standards define the required obstacle clearance, which is the obstacle-free protective area beneath the aircraft. The RNP approach, RNAV GNSS, Obstacle clearance corridor includes a buffer area in a trapezoidal shape similar to ILS. RNP AR, RNAV RNP uses obstruction clearance corridor in a rectangular shape with no buffer area.
Various approach minimums are published depending on the aircraft's wingspan. Wingspan affects approach minima as it is taken into account in calculating the vertical error budget. The minimum calculation is based on obstacles in the final approach corridor or missed approach corridor, which is the same as conventional procedures. Since the RNP value defines the width of the clearing corridor from obstacles, different minimums are applied depending on the RNP value.
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