Type 1 Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction due to Chronic Opium Addiction

Abstract: Although the presence of a dilated common bile duct and pancreatic duct, known as 'double duct sign,' suggests underlying malignancy, the differential diagnosis does include some benign causes.
Endoscopic ultrasound can be useful for differentiation of malignancy from type 1 sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). Herein are demonstrated the characteristic endosonographic features of type 1 SOD in two patients with chronic opium abuse. This article is part of an expert video encyclopedia.
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