Why THIS Planet Would Have RED Plants
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- Опубліковано 8 чер 2024
- Recently we learned about the exoplanet Kepler-186f, a potentially earthlike, potentially habitable world only around 500 lightyears away. But when I mentioned that here plants would grow red instead of green I was met with skepticism. So I'm back to fully explain exactly why Kepler-186f and planets like it would have red plants!
Special thanks to Nathan Gabor for his help and taking the time to zoom with me!
Read his paper here: science.sciencemag.org/conten...
Support Me on Patreon here: / atlaspro
Follow Me on Twitter @theatlaspro
Sources / Further Reading
• SKY & PLANT COLOR ft. ...
i.stack.imgur.com/RSrwn.png
i.stack.imgur.com/iertA.png
www.nasa.gov/ames/kepler/kepl...
The Aliens on the planet: "Why Earth would have Green Plants"
Lol
Except they would call it ģ̵̼̩̻̉̐l̸͉͚̻̻͗ơ̴͕̳̳b̸̮͎̼̚ͅz̶̝̬̟͛̕o̶͇̭̼̯̾̔ŗ̸̢͖́̓̇́ğ̸̬̠̲̌͛͝-196781q instead of Earth
This needs to be pinned lol
Lol
Because even on space you could kinda see a hint of green luk
covered my backyard in red spray paint so i can get that authentic kepler feel
lmfaoo
Just buy some red acers and copper beech.
You will love the exoplanets channel
Or Japanese Maples as well. There are plenty of plants with red or purple hues to them
Just wait till fall lol
I wish you had mentioned the Purple Earth Hypothesis, because it has major implications here. Since plants may just be green because they evolved to capture light passing through a film of purple bacteria.
He mentioned the reasoning in reverse order right about exactly halfway through. Remember the shaded photosynthesis under the green canopy? The point is that retinal is much simpler than the two pathways of chlorophyll and simpler to evolve. But chlorophyll is more efficient overall, leading to its eventual dominance.
@@Markle2k I know, it was really frustrating when he implied that the bacteria are purple because they are under a green canopy. I wanted to yell " The bacteria came first damnit!"
@@vakusdrake3224 im pretty sure its a different kind of bacteria than those a few billion years ago so its still valid i guess
and wouldnt it make the plants more darker if they have to survive capture light passing through a film of purple bacteria?
@@nilsmuller5006 You should really watch the PBS eons episode on the purple earth Hypothesis. Cyanobacteria can live with very little light, but not all their descendants (including chloroplasts) will retain this efficiency.
Oh damn that sounds interesting.
“You see, this is weird”
_Burps_
_Immediately does another take_
I can imagine an Alien protest against pollution with signs saying "GO RED, SAVE THE PLANET"
*Soviet national anthem begins playing*
communism is much better for the environment
Well seeing that the "global warming" scam was specifically made for the greed of one man. Al gore.
No aliens would be either smarter, unable to think at all, or carnivores but instead of meat they eat planets.
Among many other posabilities.
None being greedy or stupid as us
@@krotchlickmeugh627 ?
Surely they also need a Red New Deal !
Lmao this whole video is basically just "I don't like being called wrong, so I'm gonna prove I'm right and you're wrong." I respect that.
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
The butt hurt video basically.
Even better though, he was able to make a great case for both opinions to be correct.
Why? He starts with a conclusion, omits or reverses contrary arguments to suit his, and then concludes he was right all along. That is literally anti-scientific.
I'm not even familiar with the video or the comments that brought this on. It just showed up in my recommendations.
@@Markle2k I totally agree with you, that's just the entire video about it
I noticed something interesting. In the light absorption graphs he provided, the blue light was actually the peak. However, our plants are not blue. But the sky is. Our atmosphere scatters blue light meaning that not as much of it is reaching the plants, making green the dominant color. Which would also mean that the color of the atmosphere on Kepler-186f would also affect the color of plants. If the sky were to look red as well, they may actually look orange.
Earth's sky looks blue due to blue light being scattered by oxygen and nitrogen molecules. Assuming Kepler-186f has an atmosphere similar to Earth's it would be a dark blue. There being a lot less blue light to scatter in the first place. Could probably be able to see stars in the sky at high noon (deep into the bright side). Assuming winds and rain on the bright side there is no reason plants could not grow there. They would likely appear nearly white, like plants (the silverswords) that grow near the top of Haleakala on Maui. Mostly clear skies at 10,000 feet (3000 meters) the Sun light is pretty intense.
The color of the sky is also relative to the wavelengths you can see as scattering occurs more easily at the highest visible wavelength.
Likewise, I'm disappointed a quantum biologist didn't acknowledge the importance of discreet energy states - not every wavelength is necessarily useful for chemistry of life and the mechanism to capture useful work may favor some colors and totally exclude some (relative giving them all equal preference, we might not notice the difference visually).
You've got it backwards. The sky appears blue because the blue wavelengths reach our eyes. So there is MORE blue light reaching the ground, not less.
@@annamyob4624 Well no, the scattered blue light you receive from the sky as a whole is a lot less intense than the other colours which are coming directly at you from the sun. A significant portion of the blue light is actually being scattered away from you, whereas the other colours are coming right at you.
Wow. It took 50 years but finally someone explained this in a way that actually makes it clear. Clear as a sunny blue-sky day. :-) Thank you.
There exists a cool terminology in science fiction, called "Xenobotany" - the study of alien plants.
The concept of plant coloration falls right into this subject.
We need Keiko O'Brien to settle this argument once and for all
Makes me think about the Colour out of Space...I need to get drunk, because when the stars are right...
"Oh, I'm wrong? Fine, here's a 29 minute video on why YOU'RE wrong" That's a power move right there
fanchen vibes
He is still wrong though...
don't forget the burp used to show dominance
@@Shuhister nah
@@fromdownunder789 Those plants have bigger chance to be blue than red. Most likely black but nothing red to be expected :) and for explanetion I would need like 10+ minutes to write a comment.
"I don't like being called wrong" finally an honest youtuber
You misspelt "an", bro
Isn't that everybody? I've been told that one of my major flaws in my personality as I love to argue too much and I'll die on every single Hill that I come across. But if you're right you're right. Why should I give in and let someone think they win when I know they're wrong. Why am I the a****** because I want to argue for two and a half hours with somebody on UA-cam comment section instead of paying attention to my family at dinner. they're wrong and they need to know they're wrong no matter how long it takes to convince them. No I don't see a problem with always having to be right when you're right. Now someone say I'm wrong so we can argue for two and a half hours.
@@robertstone9988 It definitely isn't everybody. I, for example, can easily let it go and not even comment when I see someone (like you) say something incorrect.
@@FoggyMcFogFace what I say thats incorrect? let's do this
@@robertstone9988 Because it isn't everyone. I have literally never argued on the internet for more than two comments.
The first part of this reminded me of what I felt was weird to learn way back in... elementary school? How leaves here, in California, typically are smaller so they absorb less sunlight, as it is often sunny here, but still cupped to catch rainwater. While leaves in Amazon rainforest are bigger to catch more light, but also shaped to allow all that rain just fall off. Before that, I thought plants wanted *all* the light and *all* the water, not really thinking that too much of either could be bad for the plant.
Over taxation and over regulation can be very bad for all life.
Trees need to expel or evaporate water from their leaves to create the capillary action that pulls water and nutrients up from their roots.
Tidally locked to a dim red dwarf; one side in permanent night and the other in permanent day, imagine how bizarre the flora and fauna evolving on Kepler 186 f would be!
Burnt on one side and frozen on the other
I've heard that there'd be no life anywhere except the twilight zone, but we have extremophiles on Earth that immediately disprove that idea.
We might see animals able to generate huge amounts of heat on the cold side, and creatures able to reflect massive amounts of heat and radiation on the other!
@@TheRealityWarper08 also, planets with a thick atmosphere and large oceans could stabilize the temperature gradient on either side, though there would still be a huge hurricane system on the bright side and winds blowing across to the dark side.
Imagine rivers forming in the cold limit of the nigh side of the planet and flowing towards the hot one and evaporating like that one river in Africa wich ends in a salty desert
And imagine the flora sprouting alongside it and the fauna travelling through
@@shakumyn Kepler Steak
So considering that red dwarfs are the most numerous and long living stars in the universe, and assuming plants exist around them, Red is actually the most common pigment in the universe.
Marking green some what rare, right? It’ll be crazy to rarely find a planet with green plants. I bet when aliens visit earth it’s crazy for them to see such a color.
But considering the fact that the habitable zone of red dwarf must be close to the star, the planet must be tidally lock making life less possible. Orange and yellow stars remain the best options
@@kennethultimate02 life as we know it anyway the planet might have creatures that bore into the earth, live in caves, or evolved some type of shielding against intense xrays radiation.
Cool observation. Though I recall learning that red dwarfs are unlikely to host habitable planets, due to them emitting less energy, hence their habitable zone ends up closer to the star. (I didn't bother to search for papers on that, though Wikipedia confirms this en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitability_of_red_dwarf_systems.) If we factor in the likelihood of existence of plants in Red Dwarf systems, I have no idea what is the most common pigment in the universe. But I would love to read such a paper of better yet watch a UA-cam Video about it.
Why are there back to back comments with Emilia and Rem profile pics?
It might seem like a small thing, but I really appreciate how little you interrupted Professor Gabor. Made the interview much more interesting and useful.
Yes I shared that "oh awesome he is going to let the man with the knowledge have center stage" thought.
I can't recall exactly who or what type of channel it was but I think I recently unsubscribed from someone because they never let their guests speak!
You will love the exoplanets channel on UA-cam
@@iliketurtles4463 Lmao a far cry from Joe Rogan and his "let me ask you this" X 5000000
This is what we call a "professional."
@@iliketurtles4463 Tim Pool is great at interrupting his guests
It would be interesting to add plate tectonics to this thought experiment. Imagine a planet like Kepler-186f having a large isolated continent right at the terminator, with a rich biodiversity on both sides. Over millions of years, this continent could move towards either side, slowly pushing light or dark adapted plants and animals towards it's coast and eventual extinction.
Hmmm, damn that’s actually quite the interesting thought experiment
Seeing as my name is Nathaniel Tabor, when this professor introduced himself as Nathaniel Gabor I got kinda tripped out…
Bold moves, revealing your full name on the internet
@@TheRealityWarper08 there’s about 3,000+ matches for that name in the US alone lol not that wild man
@@weathercast521 Ain't you Nathaniel T?
imo this is the kind of video that you should travel and show on the spot footage! :F
lmao
You will love the exoplanets channel
Ignoring the obvious issue with actually doing it, this would be a great video for on the site footage.
Lol, I'm just imagining this now as a Tom Scott video.
finna head out brb
3:23 damn Atlas pro getting comfortable
He is turning into a VSAUCE.
@@WolfyOfHonor VSauce and Atlas Pro colab when
I can smell it...
yes it seems our relationship got to the point where he and we are comfortable belching and farting around each other.
Have u watched the exoplanets channel?
This was really interesting. I have a question though. Even here on earth, there are some species of plants that have a red, dark red or purple hue and not just in the fall (which is actually my second question). Red coleus, the Hawaiian Ti plant, and red Japanese Maple are examples of plants with red leaves. Why would those plants reject red light as opposed to green? Also, when leaves turn red or yellow in the fall, is there a reason why they are reflecting those colors? I know the loss of green pigmentation is because the plants stop producing chlorophyll as the weather turns colder and the days shorter, but why do they reflect yellow, orange or red colors specifically?
You didn't get a reply to this, but I have SOME of an answer.
I must warn you however this has the same problems as the, "Why are plants green" problem but worse. Since we don't know WHY plants are green, its very hard to figure out what environmental factors make it evolutionary advantageous to be a different colour.
HOWEVER your assumption is that because its rejecting Red light it must be absorbing Green light. This is incorrect. Red plants seem to be rejecting BOTH (which is why most red plants are dark in colour), its just the red colour of the overpowers the Green colour. This is because of a pigment called Anthocyanin, and plants that produce it exist in places where light is typically strong and cloud cover is low.
In addition in CERTAIN plants it can be induced. The most famous of these in the Aquarium Hobby is the Red Root Floater, which turns red in really bright light, but is normally Green. Other plants turn Red when their is a lot of light, but low nutrients.
These factors tell us that Red plants seem to be an attempt to slow down the turning of nutrients into energy even further.
Probably just to do with breeding and where they originated(IE whatever works for them). Most black plants were bred by people, same might true of Japanese maples but without historical notes of it
Also, not all plants truly want all the light they can get--thus why when you buy/plant it tells you if they prefer more shade or a mix. If a plant that prefers shad eis slowly forced into sunlight over eons that could effect their color.
No one knows yet.
But the red is typically like a sunscreen. It isn't converting light into sugar.
So when trees stop reducing cholorphyll in winter, the red pigment dominates.
Also, some plants are reddish (especially when young) to avoid being eaten by animals. It's better to have inefficient leaves than no leaves at all.
I’ve been watching Biblaridions and Project Roses’ alien biospheres series, and this a neat unintentional tie-in since the plants on biblaridions are Red, while project roses’ is all about a tidally locked world.
Japanese Red Maple trees: Finally somewhere I can be normal
Lmao 🤣
it is likely that tree was bred to be red
Is that just the autumn foliage though? Aren’t they green during the spring/summer?
@@dmcgee3 no I have one and it’s deep red all year round
@@dmcgee3 I have one that's totally red on one side and totally green on the other. It's like that every year.
Great video, Caelan!!!! But dude, why did you stop the habitable planet/moon series? We finished Mars and Titan, but you didn't make anymore videos on it. I would looovvveeeeee it if you completed that series. Please try to make more on that series. You are the best channel, best wishes from me to you. If you choose the next video to be a part of this series, then please make the video on Enceladus or Europa.
Ye
Wat
You might also like the exoplanets channel
Yes
Why are Japanese maples red?
Professor Nathan explains things so well and with enthusiasm. That makes me interested to listen to him, meanwhile my Professors in my lectures and seminars are boring asf....
NASA released a set of really cool "Exoplanet Travel Bureau" posters, with retro-style travel ads for different exoplanets, which I promptly bought. The Kepler-186F one, with the slogan "where the grass is always redder on the other side" is by far my favorite out of all of them. I wonder if the James Webb Space Telescope has any priorities involving this planet, if it does, I will be eagerly waiting for the findings.
I find the red plant aesthetic really appealing, it's so pretty especially combined with whitish stones and trees
Agreed! In my city there's a building with big, pale stone bricks that are almost white, and a big part of one corner is covered in a vine that has wine red leaves. It's incredibly beautiful and otherworldly, especially in fall when the leaves are at their darkest. Sucks we can't add images to comments, got some photos of it from a few years back.
Shouldn’t you like purple things more than red things though?
i guess your favorite season is autumn
hate to break it to ya, but it's basically a fantasy at this point
@@kevintan5497 Spring actually, but I love autumn too. Also where I'm from the leaves don't turn red and pretty in Autumn :(
"Red", "green", "blue", etc, are just our brain's method of differentiating the various wavelengths of light. An alien's visual abilities would have evolved to interpret the "shifted" spectrum of their own star. Where we see a few shades of red, they might see a vast array of colors.
Great point, especially with type m stars peaking at infrared wavelengths aliens would definitely have a view we would never ever be able to witness and vice versa.
Even on Earth there are animals that see different colors.
Women see more shades of red than men do I think because they picked a lot of berries
If they can see…
Or are conscious in the way we are…
Or are conscious at all…
@@gustavosauro1882 Yes, birds, insects, and reptiles (or at least crocodiles) have a fourth color receptor for ultraviolet. Plus their color sensing cells have drops of oil that filter out light that isn't for that color receptor giving them a wider range of individual colors, i.e. they would see more shades of green than we can.
Question: Could it be that plants have a problem of "too much light", because they have "too little CO2 to process"?
Too much light can be a problem just because it makes the plant hot. When plants get hot, they suck up more water to try and keep cool. There's actually a proposal to put solar panels above crops to partially shade the plants so they only get as much light as they need and thus use less water. The term for it is "agrivoltaics", though I don't know how much success it's had in adoption.
I like how this channel is mixing more space related videos in.
Can I please see more footage of recolored forests? I REALLY like the idea of plants being different colors. As a writer, this gives me a TON of ideas for worldbuilding. Also, I loved the videos and I want more content like this!
Right?! I also like to envision flora on planets orbiting K-type "Orange Dwarf" stars as being more yellow in color. Just imagine - a golden jungle on a warm and humid Super-Earth...
This entire channel is a treasure trove for worldbuilding.
Yeah I’m a writer on space fiction and I LOVE these videos
“A few your comments were fair, and couple of them actually made sense”. Loving that backhanded compliment. 🤣
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
@@alexandermartin1837 is that just you and you’re promoting yourself 😂 either way i’ll check it out
Alternate Title: Atlas Pro Takes a Victory Lap on Armchair Scientists
This was a great video. The idea of a planet with red plants is really bizarre but also really interesting. Speaking of planets that could support life, I'd really like to see you continue your habitable planets series. You've already covered Earth, Mars, and Titan, so now, I'd really like to see you cover Europa and Enceladus. I look forward to the day those videos finally arrive!
Incidentally explaining why so many shade loving landscape plants are red or purple.
The burp just threw me for a loop, mind-breaking.
Gross as fuck
yea hahaa
The was the very moment I decided to give this video a like 😝
3:23
they gotta make a movie on this kind of stuff. Exoplanets are so damn fascinating.
You gave me ideas for my book about a star emitting a different wavelength through which life evolved around. Very cool insight. Thank you!
The footage of the red colored plants looks so cool. It looks like a field of bloodstained flowers
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
DOOOOM
or just...normal, red flowers, ya know, like a red rose. lol
Yep. Props to the camera man
@@alexandermartin1837 dude i mean you spammed almost every comments to promote a channel, i can actually report you for spamming
Atlas Pro: providing extremely interesting answers to questions no one asked
I recommend you the exoplanets channel
You might not have asked but that’s you not me.
@@Totalinternalreflection good for you
That's just wrong and really dumb. Obviously people have asked since there's research about this... How do you somehow not comprehend that, especially since the video literally features one of those researchers.
The level of idiocy and ignorance in comment threads never stops being overwhelming to a point of anger. No matter how aware you are of it and how you manage your expectations people always surprise by how deeply stupid they are, and how even the most basic and obvious things are misinterpreted or just seen past. It's seriously depressing.
You are easily one of THE BEST content creators on this platform. It is so refreshing to stumble across your channel just as I had basically given up on UA-cam as nothing but a wasteland of makeup tutorials and vacuous, mindless dreck.
Thank you so much for your time, and what is clearly a MASSIVE amount of effort. Not only are your videos fantastic, but they also just happen to fit very neatly into a subject which I have always found completely fascinating.
Again, thank you so much, and please don't stop making your truly top-drawer videos. I'm so excited to spend the rest of my night binge watching each and every one of the videos you've already made! I've never sponsored a creator on patreon before, but I do believe you're going to be my first!
The little views on this video is an absolute shame. It’s absolutely one of my favorite on your whole channel, so I hope that doesn’t stop you from keeping to go this direction occasionally
So *THIS* is the Red Weed that The War of the Worlds was talking about.
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
@@alexandermartin1837 are you plugging your channel below every comment...?
@ James Gauthier Or he might be plugging a channel that’s relevant to the video that he found informative.
@@ballistichorse6221 under every single comment. That's just spam and helps no one, not to mention makes The Exoplanet Channel look bad
@Alexander Martin TheUKNutter simply pointed out a connection btwn the visuals of this video and a movie he’s seen. He said NOTHING about whether or not he enjoyed the content of the video or whether or not he was interested in seeing more similar content.
So on top of spamming comments, you’re also saying “you’ll (also) love” to comments that are wholly irrelevant.
Despicable.
20:40 Caelan let his Boston accent slip a little bit: "...there's a lot things to considah." :)
That really is halarious
Glad to know I wasn't the only one who caught that!! I rewinded 3 times just to make sure I wasn't tripping.
i for one, am a huge fan of how much more often you put recordings of yourself into content and a huge fan of the evolution your sense of humor is undergoing. i really mean it when i say that you are top notch among UA-cam educators. I can never help but be excited when i see there's a new video
I wonder how plants would be shaped on a tidally locked planet. Here on Earth, the sunlight comes in from multiple different angles, based on the time of day and the season. On a tidally locked planet, the light will only come from one direction. So the plants will fine-tune their leaf structure accordingly.
This begs the question: could light intake be controlled by leaf and branch rotation (which does happen a little in our plants, but could evolve specifically for Kepler) rather than pigment? Light is always coming from one direction, so turning the leaf parallel to the light will reduce capture and perpendicular will capture more.
Now I wonder if our plants are capable of this too...
They'll grow like my window sill plants and the leaves will mostly face the same direction towards the light source.
@@blizzardkiehn2508why bother wasting energy moving leaves if the light always comes from same the direction
@@David-jx4gw They grow in that direction (rotation) rather than moving. It's a one-time expenditure (if an expenditure at all) that totals to very little over the life of the plant.
So, I'm confused. The albedo you showed had a peak in the blue range of the spectrum. I see a local maximum in the green range but it's not the global maximum so why aren't the plants blue or purple?
That's the spectrum in space. He used the wrong graph. It's actually labelled but I only saw it after I went back and paused. On the surface of the earth green is the strongest colour.
The blue is scattered by the atmosphere leaving green to be the dominant color reaching plants 👍🏼
@@joshkirkby8103 there’s a lot of people confused about this in the comment section. It’s simple and makes since but people aren’t thinking about it
So the colour of these plants would ultimately depend on the composition of the atmosphere of the planet.
@@joshkirkby8103 I didn't get a very good look at the graph so I didn't see that it was the albedo from space. Better to ask the question and get confirmation, after all.
"You could imagine these really eery looking plants" Why would I imagine when I can just look outside at two red trees.
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
I recommend checking out this series called Alien biospheres. Peeps with an interest on how animals would look like on an alien planet would definitely not be disappointed.
(Its an 11 part series)
A shade of maroon would definitely make sense
Also, if possible: infrared light-absorbing plants might not appear different, but it could be important in a cold habitat .
It’s still weird to see his face and his voice together like his voice is too perfect
Are you implying his face is not?
@@SomeOne-lc2pc He seems like a bottom. I'd hit it.
@@dl1083 You never know...
@@dl1083 Interesting, I was thinking I'd let him smash me haha.
Imo they match perfectly, he's a beautiful man with a beautiful voice 🤷🏻
This is making me think of the opening scene of Star Trek Into Darkness with the planet that has red plants.
I didn't really like that movie, but that opening shot on the red landscape was SO COOL
This was a very interesting and well made video! I really liked that you were able to chat with a professor as well! Awesome! 😀😃👍
How does geography affect a society's disposition? Imagine living on Kepler-186F as a human. How do you think someone would adapt to living there? Would scarce light affect people to be more antisocial? Does the abundance of red cause discomfort? What if you evolved intelligence on such a planet. Rather than visiting it. Does it evolve to see in a wider spectrum of light? I wish there was a youtuber who could look into something like that. I recently saw the island video and how that affected the dodo and the hobbit humans of the Flores isles.
this makes alot of sense because if you look into the colder regions of earth plants are a dark green colour and taller so they can catch as much light as possible
but near the tropics they are shorter and lighter
Precisely! Here in NZ our Beech trees do a bit of that within the family even.
Red, Mountain and Silver being the most common species where I live, have all evolved slightly different size, shape, thickness and coloured foliage that matches their local environment.
Amazing things plants arent they!
Edit to add the word foliage!
But the tropics have rainforests with massive trees
@@crackedemerald4930 that is a different story tho
I meant the tropics to cancer and capricorn where the trees are small
The reason why trees are tall in the rainforest idk
@@sajedanallawar9300 one thought would be that the conditions were favourable for growth so they grew. Being the tallest with the biggest canopies being the evolutionary battle most at play.
I'm no scientist though, just a man that likes trees so dont quote me!
@@iliketurtles4463 yeah that does make sense but why did they need to be tall
maybe to try and protect themselves from animals eating their leaves? but it just doesnt make much sense cause now they have to pump out more water into a taller body
really idk why trees are like this in the tropical areas
You should secretly fix your rubik's cube in the next video and see how many people notice
5:00 There's a picture of Vishnu Vishva swaroopa hanging on Nathaniel Gabor's wall. In Vedic culture Vishnu Vishva swaroopa depicts super conscious nature of this universe that is responsible for consciousness occuring in animate entities in this universe.
Words cannot explain how much I love this video. I love all things about possible alien life and this has sparked my interest even more. I have always imagined what a planet with red coloured plants would be like
11:07 it's obviously blue. And that's the wrong graph. That's the Sun's spectrum in outer space. On the Earth's surface it's completely different. And just then green becomes the most powerful colour.
Great video. Atlas Pro and The Exoplanets Channel are my favorite channels!!
Looking at the spot on KEPLER-186F which gets the most sunlight, it might evolve the ability to change what it absorbs and reflects. This might come in handy, as you mentioned that it has a dimmer star and will get less light overall. Therefore, maybe at Noon the plants will be a bright red, with it turning more dark as the light gets less and less -to take advantage of any available light.
I'm curious in order to keep the energy wave fluctuations more stable would it not be better for a plant on keplar to be more in the purple or blue color? That way it rejects the lower light sources and absorbs the stronger sources. Being that the light source would be significantly less possibly rejecting the weak light would allow it to stabilize the stronger sources.
Calling the potentially habitable ring the "terminator line" is pretty meh. I will instead be referring to it the "twilight zone". Also anything I read about the subject I'll imagine in the voice of Rod Serling.
I know, why the hell didn't they call it that? 🥴
i also thought the same
I recommend you the exoplanets channel
I am pretty sure "twilight zone" is already in use. If I remember correctly, it is the name for the lowest area of the ocean in which light can penetrate.
@@icaruswindrune7116 ...that's why i already heard that term
*me, who has been watching the alien*
*biospheres series since it started:*
yeah, im use to red plants...
Biblaridion stans, we in here 😤
oh hell yeah babey!!!!!!
@@jeromeorji1057 HELL YEAH!!!!
Aw fuck yeah, my Biblaridion folks are here!
Well done on 1 million subs, I love your content and it’s awesome to see you grow
I don't know much about stars and other planets, but I would LOVE a series of videos about what plants on various planets around various kinds of stars would look. What other colours are possible? It's so neat to think about!
(7:14) is that why in colder or darker climates the plants are a darker shade of green?
Burb was disgusting. I was eating. Good video though.
That's insane work ! I was not ready for this go so smoothly further
This planet and it's possible fauna always made me surprised and fascinated.
26:32 his smile when he confirms he's right 😂
dominance asserted
Halfway through I was going to ask why regulating light intake automatically meant rejecting the strongest wavelength available - but I think you did a good job of covering that. Super interesting.
Your production quality keeps skyrocketing with every new video! 🚀🌍
I really really appreciate that you added so much of that edited footage of red landscapes. I have aphantasia, i.e. I lack visual imagination (basically I am blind in my mind's eye) and I go haaaaaard on neat and pleasing imagery and it really added much to my enjoyment of the vid
So thank you!
I aspire to Caelan's level of pettiness -- creating a detailed, half-hour UA-cam video just to prove commenters wrong who disagreed with him. 😂
But he fails. He starts with a conclusion and works backwards. He mentions a contrary hypothesis without naming it, inverts its reasoning, and then dismisses it. That shouldn't convince anybody. Whichever side you are on.
I mean, the structure of this video is basically “here’s my initial claim, ppl disagreed with it, here’s why my claim wasn’t so far-fetched, and here’s some other stuff (relevant to the topic) I learned along the way”.
Besides, with the way he explains “here’s why the plants would be red (like I thought), here’s why they would be black (like some of you thought), and here’s why there could be other options”, does it really matter what the dissenting opinions were?? 🤔
Dude, I think we can do without the burping dot dot dot
One big flaw in this is you're assuming the plants would use Chlorophyll when there are alternatives they may use. It's widely thought plants on this planet originally used Retinal resulting in them being purple. The colour of the plants isn't just reliant on the star, it's also reliant on the chemical process it uses for food. What colour would carrots be on Kepler-186f, for example? So whilst you maybe correct, you're only correct in the most narrow of senses.
Such a well made video and great intuitive explanations from both of you👍
Nathaniel Gabor has a picture of Krishna's Virat roop in the background.
Damn I just noticed, well spotted!
Yea I noticed that too
i noticed that too and got excited.
i was looking for the comment i noticed that too
Dude, he's a quantum physicist. Or, as I call them, Numerologists. I'm in academia, and I have yet to meet a quantum physicist who isn't a numerology mystic, occultist, and some flavor of buddhist or hinduist, sometimes neo-pagan or wiccan. These may seem strange because physicists are supposed to be scientists and whatnot, but quantum physics is nothing like newtonian or mechanical physics or engineering. These people worship numbers and consciousness because that's where their research has led them. The quantum world is incoherent, arational, and the universe's way of trolling hubristic species. Instead of getting the message, QPs take the wrong message and start worshipping the trolling. So I was not surprised to see that picture in his house.
Does this mean that plants on a future, terraformed mars would evolve to perhaps be a darker color than on earth?
You will love a UA-cam channel called "the exoplanets channel"
maybe, but maybe not. by the time we can actually terraform mars, if at all considering it has no magnetic field anymore, it will be close to the habitable zone in space, but at the same time the sun will slowly be enlarging into a red giant
What a splendid piece of scientific detective work. That's what science is all about. Very informative video. Keep up the good work!
Oh man. I love having your videos playing in the evenings. The topics are intensely interesting, and your voice is so soothing…
I seriously regret taking that Benadryl
This is a great video
Please can we have a never ending loop of beautiful red plantscapes with that music, it's just so calming
4:20
I thought for a moment that Caelan was the researcher that contributed to this paper, haha!
There is even one more variable to allowing the plant’s survival, which is that red dwarfs have much larger and wilder solar flares.
So on a tidally locked planet, all life would exist in... the twilight zone
Impressive content. The quality, editing, and delivery is just on a different level.
Hey Caelan. What's the name of the background music from about 17:45 to 18:00??? I've heard you use it in a number of your other videos and I can't seem to find it anywhere.
@@Zero_Contradictions Thanks for the answer!
The song you're looking for is called Nebula by Glass Stones. You can find it on SoundCloud! :)
As someone who spent much of his life collecting exotic plants ranging from cacti to tropical species, I have encountered many non-green plants even here, on Earth. Plants living in the desert may even appear blue (like some Echeverias and Cereus cacti), some have red, brown and yellow colorations beyond normal variegation, and some shade loving plants, like Calatheas have a dark purple underside which is said to improve photosynthesis in the heavily shaded forest floor where they live. Researching why these plants on Earth need colors other than green may also add to our insight. And seeing those plants on alien planets orbiting red dwaf and orange dwarf stars among others is definitely on my bucket list.
I was wondering, the Kepler light peaks at the infrared portion of the spectrum, but infrared is low energy light and it also has the tendency to quickly escape back into space (at least in our atmosphere). Even if the plants on the planet are constantly exposed to the star's light because of the tidal lock the energy might still be insufficient.
What is the song extensively used in this video? I really vibe to it.
I'd love to know too. It sounds like Deadmau5 but it's not him.
@@gabnl It's something royalty free (most likely), sadly it's not in description like it usually is with royalty free tracks.
You are right unfortunately. Good music is good music, royalty free or not. I hope he'll share the secret!
Oh look at him, he's so professional now! 💗💗💗
You could do an experiment where you breed plants under light similar to M type stars and see if they shift to red in later generations
I'm curious, with the constant twilight of a terminator line, would it be possible to have semi-photosynthetic animals?
If so, could this photosynthesis be used to better regain energy while sleeping?
I’ve learned more from Caelan than I have from every other UA-cam channel combined.
Holy crap this is one of your best works to date! I really enjoy the expert interview here!
The most effecive photosynthetizers (in terms of light absorbed) I've seen are brown algae (particularly the darker ones) and this weird ornamental tree with reddish black leaves.
I love that brought in one of the paper authors! Way to go!
I wasn’t aware that Riverside was considered the Los Angeles metropolitan area LOL
Actually it is. The LA metropolitan area is massive and includes all of Riverside County
It's really hard to say the Los Angeles-Long Beach- Anaheim-Santa Ana-Riverside-San Bernardino-Victorville-Palmdale/Lancaster-Glendale-Burbank- Buenaventura metropolitan area
I just got entirely distracted by the Cerro Gordo shirt, the absolute excitement I just went "CERRO GORDO!" when I saw it...
A tidally locked planet would truly be such an incredibly fascinating and diverse ecosystem. Considering that life probably wouldn't stay in the terminator zone forever. It'd most likely find ways to adapt to the extremities as well.
Absolutely love extraterrestrial geography. Keep doing more of these!