Though this one is no where near as good some of the older ones. The more modern an AmDoc is the less valuable and worthwhile it becomes, Where it should be exactly opposite.
Just a note the one person you left out of your credits is background artist Eyvind Earle. He was responsible for many unique background illustrations for Disney and was the main artist and designer of the film "Sleeping Beauty" (1958). He was also a prolific artist and had a very unique and modern style. Another documentary he worked on was "Rhapsody of Steel" (1959).
Narrator Chet Huntley . One of the great reporters of his day . And the team of Huntley and Brinkley. Good night Chet ! Good night David were always their sign off the evening news.
I believe they would have understood, since the leap from vacuum tubes to transistors was so substantial. The same way today's electric vehicle manufacturers perfectly understand the monumental improvements they are making compared with an inefficient 200-year old technology, internal combustion.
They knew, even one (Shockley) created its one semiconductor company (Shockley Semiconductors), and then some of his employees resigned and created another company (Fairchild Semiconductor) that created the first integrated circuits. And now, a large majority of US electronic companies can traced its roots to the Fairchild, collectively called the Fairchildren.
@@VideoNOLA I'd say the leap of the transistor was far more momentous. I love EVs, but there's no extraordinary leap forward happening. As I'd imagine you know, some of the earliest cars were electric, so they don't offer groundbreaking new capabilities the way transistors did. Really we should be talking about energy storage technology, since that's always been the primary constraint for electric vehicles. And (sadly) there's been no revolutionary leap forwards in battery technology. Rather it's been (and continues to be) a long arduous slog of very intensive research and engineering that's provided slow but steady advancement (I heard a recent estimate of about 1.5% improvement per year, I think). The explosion of EV growth in recent years has mainly been because battery technology finally reached the point where they're practical and cost effective. I think Tesla definitely deserves some credit for kick-starting the industry's interest, but I also think we'd still have gotten to where we are today, it just would have taken 10-20 years longer!
@@brandonb3279 I mean, lithium battery technology _has_ been a technological leap forward. We're you alive in the 90's? _Do you remember how much NiCad and NiMH batteries fucking suck!?_ You're right in saying that battery capacity has been the limiting factor with electric vehicles, which is why I don't really understand your assertion that batteries haven't seen a major leap forward in recent years. You are right to say that lithium batteries** have generally made modest year to year gains in storage capacity rather than huge leaps forward, but they've also only been commercially available since 1991. And only looking at capacity is too restrictive a position to really analyze their impact. For instance, the price has dropped dramatically since Li-ion's introduction into the commercial market. MIT put out a study saying that the price per capacity has fallen by 97% since lithium ion tech hit the market ( news.mit.edu/2021/lithium-ion-battery-costs-0323 ). The safety, longevity, charging speed, price, reliability, and yes, the capacity have all improved significantly since their introduction. And a lot of that actually has to do with advances in electronic controls built into the batteries or the chargers for them (bringing it back around to transistors). The electronic controllers monitor things like temperature to prevent overcharging, recharging/ discharging too quickly, being overheated by heat from other sources, detecting runaway thermals that could lead to a fire. They also manage charging in such a way that prevents the old "memory" problem, and they prevent the batteries from discharging too much (if you drain a lithium battery below a certain point, they can become permanently dead or with significantly lowered capacity). All of these things add up to make the batteries altogether significantly improved. Semiconductor improvements have also contributed greatly to this trend, as better battery control has given us much of the improvements that we've seen. But, even just on its own, lithium batteries were a significant improvement over other rechargeables out the gate and have continued to get better. And one of the things that has made them so popular hasn't really just been the capacity gains, it's been the price drop from economies of scale. For a smartphone, the difference in price per capacity might not matter that much in the grand scheme of things since it's such a small battery. But for something like an electric vehicle, those price improvements are absolutely critical to their economic viability. A model 3 weighs about 4,000 kg, and 1k of that is battery weight. So if your product is 25% lithium ion battery by weight, then a 5% reduction I battery cost can be _significant._ And I also want to point out that a 1.5% improvement in capacity uear over year is pretty damn good, especially because I assume that that is a compounding improvement rate (as in, this year's 1.5% improvement is on top of last years 1.5% gain.) Most tech doesn't improve at the same kind of insane rate that transistor density did for the last 50 years. **I'm lumping together all the different types together; there's a bunch of different types, all of the viable ones have made impressive gains pretty much across the board, and the differences between the various types don't really matter that much for this discussion. But it is something to keep in mind if you start comparing, for instance, price and capacity improvements between batteries for cell phones and batteries used for solar grid storage ;)
I love watching these old AT&T films from the early '60s. My parents both worked at Western Electric back in the early '60s (it's how they met, in fact) and I wonder if I'll ever maybe see one of them in the background. LOL. Without AT&T and Western Electric, I might not even exist. Literally! 🙂
This was at a time when airtime on different transponders was a valuable commodity-smaller, less profitable stations instead used terrestrial or regional microwave transmission. Similar to how news stations branded their accuweather reports “Out cutting edge Doppler 5000 weather radar”, stations also touted their ability to afford satellite interviews as a branding method to say their news was superior to the rest. Chest beating :)
User 2C47 lmao what fantasy land are you living in? Because that’s clearly not reality. And don’t say Starlink, because it’s still not available, and probably won’t be for many years.
Not only do I find this fascinating, but quite nostalgic as well. Its the type of film I would have seen in elementary school in the '70s. I can't listen to the badly warped audio without being transported back to my 5th grade classroom.
Imagine then in 60 years everyone would have a powerful computer in their pocket. It runs all day, has 2-3 million transistors, razor sharp display, and does anything imaginable...
The Iphone 13s A15 Processor has 15 Billion Transistors, However the early PowerPC computers of the Nineties had around 2-3 million transistors. Still insane to think about.
It is amazing what we take for granted, so many of us. I am responding to you from Israel and you may be anywhere in the world. It is, in my opinion, the free marketplace of ideas and technology that will continue to amaze us even more.
Music composer Robert Emenegger is a pretty interesting guy. He worked for Honda for a while then got into independent film making. He did a bunch of super low budget sci-fi flicks around the late 70's to early 80's.
Well, the were together a lot except for Shockley who dropped in at an opportune moment and had to be included in the patent. The invention actually took place despite the dead hand of AT&T management. The guys had to beg and borrow some germanium from a company in Manhattan. The same for another invention the Labs took such credit for: the UNIX operating system. The inventors had to use the excuse that it would make their departmental secretary more productive.
This technology is called TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access). This allows multiplexing (multiple voice channels on one pair of copper wire). TDMA is now used in wireless IP technology (adjunct to IEEE 802.11 standards) used by WISPs to obtain more throughput.
Fun fact: the Human version of TDMA has been around since the beginning of intelligent conversation. It's called speaking-in-turn. The Human version of CDMA is speaking in different languages.
I went to south eastern signal school .ft gordon ga..never stoped learning at 73 still amazed. The short wave receiver i carry on my kit uses many innovations from telephone technology. Tks for good show
a fine film, we showed this in school 50 years ago, bought a 16mm Technicolor print that was listed on ebay not too long ago. Great documentary made by John Sutherland Productions who did work for US Steel and made several other films for AT&T.
@@colinhalliley111 I still work in several schools and the thought of doing an assembly by showing a film is non-existant. I have worked in a jr hs and they do have live presentations, but this year we have very few in school and all I do now is monitor a high school library. At least, I have been able to acquire film prints for my own collection and there are several groups that I run these.
@@colinhalliley111 Teachers are under the pressure of the administration to do the ABCs and mandates that we never had in the 1960s. I remember running a Laurel & Hardy in biology class, had nothing to do with it, but I would always find films like The Far Sound that would fit in what we were covering in class, so in my father's health class as example, we showed Gateways to the Mind, a Bell Science film, and we did a lot in Drivers Ed like Freewayphobia, and my teacher liked the AT&T film Anatomy of an Accident.
Thought I was watching 'It's a Wonderful Life' for a bit there... Kept waiting for Jimmy Stewart to come barging in the office, whining about the little guy...lmfao!
Even though the 4A switch was being deployed and already handled major cities in the network, it appears that the switch show at 12:15 is a 1XB, or probably in this case an XBT. I say this because the XBTs were used to front direct inward dial (DID) PBXs.
As I understand it Harold Black used negative feedback to maintain suitable voltage gain. The lower distortion was a bi-product. Coaxial cables offer a suitable impedance. Oliver Heaviside suggested this back in the 1880s. Alan Blumlein made remarkable cables which were far more than coaxial.
I grew up in central New Jersey in the 80’s and 90’s-Bell Labs seemed to employ 1 out of 10 of my friends Fathers. I don’t remember what most of my friends parents did for a living back then but clearly remember the kids parents who worked for the mythical Bell Labs-I imagined this is a place where miracles were worked on daily in rows of men wearing lab coats and pocket protectors, exclaiming “eureka!!” Lol.
@@franktank9573 Agreed. Bell would have wanted to eliminate dropped packets, allowing for an experience more like T carrier. There would also have been no W3C and therefore no internet.
This video was absolutely MIND BLOWING! To think of where man was in the year 1900, and the awe inspiring progress made from there in less than 70 years? There is nothing we can't figure out, if only we could get all of mankind on the same page of "greater good". To see all that analog switching equipment firing away like that; those hundreds of thousands of relays clicking through that magical equipment made by Western Electric. Then, to know that one ingenious invention, (transistor) was about to turn all of that on its head. That all that relaying and switching would soon be executed in much less time, and with far less equipment, and eventually, even less (wo)man power... This video seriously left me dumbstruck. The sheer amount of everything that was needed just so one person could speak in real time to another person in a different location? It really was like magic to the unwashed masses who probably had no idea how much behind the scenes work went into those phone calls. Thank you for posting this video! And, Ma Bell, wherever you are; we're all grateful to you, and for everything that you did to help advance thurs great country of ours!!!
23:55 Interesting trivia: That satellite dish is the very dish that first detected the cosmic microwave background, the leftover noise from when the Big Bang became transparent. In other words, it's the oldest radio information in the universe, leftover energy from the enormous release of the big bang. The researchers had to get this antenna to pick up super sensitive signals, since they were essentially bouncing radio waves passively off of a balloon and the return signals were very weak. They did all kinds of crazy stuff (for the time) to remove any and all interference and hum from the signal. But no matter what they did, they kept hearing this weird interference pattern. They even thought that it must have been birds nesting and shitting in the antenna, but after they cleaned it out it was still there, no matter where in the sky they pointed it. They eventually figured out that it must be coming from space, and one of them was friends with an MIT professor who then remembered an old paper theorizing about "some kind of explosion that filled up space way back in time." They got together and hashed it out. Interesting, I didn't know that video of this thing even existed.
How times have changed… A 3 minute coast-to-coast call cost $22 in 1915. That’s equivalent to almost $700 in today’s money. For that amount of money you can fly 3 people coast-to-coast nowadays, roundtrip.
11:03 The most valuable invention of all time, the object man has always turned to in time of need, to solve yet another problem facing mankind, for example, the refrigerator solved a problem of keeping beer cold, but then, how do you get the cold beer to the chair in front of the television ??? with the help of the greatest invention of all time.
6:40 - interesting factoid here - sending signal into feedback circuit and back through amp to remove distortion. I wonder if or how easily this could be applied in a digital audio workstation to take a sample with too much distortion, and create a more clean sounding sample?
It can only remove distortion generated on the output by the amplifier itself, rather than remove distortion present in the original signal being input.
Wow! This is a great tutorial! I'm going to download it. Today? Fiber optical cable the size of human hair carry thousands of conversations. And satelities bring up to a thousand tv channels into our home. The world of tomorrow
No Brazil várias localidades mantiveram as centrais locais no sistema Crossbar, como nas imagens do vídeo, até 1998, quando finalmente as centrais CPA já atendiam 90% dos assinantes e 100% dos enlaces e longa distância, inclusive com os troncos de microondas da Embratel.
The "optical MASER" was precursor to devices such as Brookhaven Labs' NSLS, which creates a super-heated tunnel in the atmosphere, through which particle beam weaponry may be fired without atmospheric obstruction or degradation.
I have, it comes to a post 250m near my house where there's a transceiver to a coax cable, 250m is near close enough for me to get 100MBps, doesn't need to be exactly like a fiber to home to be fiber.
@Jeffery Amherst We have paid for it, years ago. It was never delivered. www.techdirt.com/articles/20060131/2021240.shtml www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6c5e97/eli5_how_were_isps_able_to_pocket_the_200_billion/
How I wish I could go back in time and be one of those “girl operators”! It seems like so much fun and I love the idea of these 1-3 digit phone numbers. I have a very old wooden telephone that was long ago converted into a little storage box that can be mounted on the wall. I’ve gazed at that thing since my early childhood and wondered what it would be like to really use one. A telephone, not a storage box. Sigh! The more time that passes, the less likely it is that I ever will.
I live in a 1973 house. No optical masers. My best bud lives in a 2001 house. Fiber-to-the-premis (optical maser) .. by AT&T, no less. As always it's all about the $ (and a bit of blind dumb luck) as to which neighborhoods get fiber and who has to get their 'net from crumbcast.
Back then, you would be holding up one of (probably) less than 25 wire pairs going to the destination, meaning nobody else could use it. *NOT OUTRAGEOUS*
It’s only been in the last twenty years, that you don’t have to pay more for a long distance call, and even more recently to have unlimited flat rate calling.
Ever get a "Fast Busy?" Meant exactly the same. Now, when that happens, you get "Call Failed" from your iphone / android's display. Still means the same thing. "All Circuits Busy"
Maybe if todays at&t employees watched this video they might quit...i talkes about freedom of creating etc etc....this is not just the far sound, but the far side of society, which seems to be in the past...hope it comes back around as everything cycles in this Life ❤🙈🤞🏽🙆🏻
Creative thinking (coaxialcable team) makes sense... You've converted it to cents...you need a negative feednack amplifier to get it back to technology making sense😂...❤
@@c0t0d0s7 Old telephone systems had a certain amount of reflection of the signal at the receiving phone back to the talker, an inevitable characteristic of a two-wire system. For local calls, the time delay is short so the talker doesn't notice it. For medium length calls with longer delay, the echo becomes noticeable to the caller and engineers compensated for this by simply reducing the signal level by certain amount, what's called 'via net loss' (more loss for longer delay). The reduced volume made the echo less annoying. Remember in the old days when you were talking to someone a hundred miles away, you would have to talk louder to be heard. That was because of the built-in VNL. For really long calls (coast-to-coast), it was necessary to have electronic amplifiers in the circuit, but the delay would be so long that the echo was intolerable even with VNL. So the solution was to have the amplifiers actively turn down the volume in the direction opposite of the talker-to-listener direction. It uses full volume only when you talk. This was called active echo suppression.
@@gpellmind Interesting. Sadly, I’m old enough to remember the echo on coast-to-coast and international calls. I use VoIP at home, and the sidetone feature appears to be a way to artificially add some echo that was a default feature of landline telephones.
Wouldn't it be great if we still lived in a world where big tech companies still tried to help the people and keeping costs/prices low and not low costs and skyrocket prices for lousy and old technology 😢😂🤷🙈🤞🏽
13:21 Yet the 200 million call switching capacity mentioned here would be insufficient just 2 years later when calls about JFK'S death overloaded the system. 21:53 Wow... call forwarding in 1961. :)
Anatole Sokol there was a movie from 20 years ago-John Tururo I think-about an inventor working for Bell who invented countless technologies and was denied the recognition.
22:22 Optical Mazer = Fiber Optics? Which even today (2020) forms the backbone of most communications? Ya video chat has been around for a at least a decade now, if not 2.
It is a laser, they just weren't called as such yet. They were called optical masers because they did the same thing as the maser did, only in visible light rather than microwaves.
For real? Looks more like UPA (Mr. Magoo, Gerald McBoingBoing, etc) I do detect a bit of Maurice NObel in the backgrounds, so that would suggest Chuck Jones and WB. And those angular "man" silhouettes -- I guess Craig McCracken was influenced by this. That could Professor Utonium!
Indeed, in the future a man in one city WOULD be able to communicate with a man in another, but certainly not a lady as the telephone is far too complicated a contraption for such a silly little thing to use, and not in the UK either as they shan't have need for the telephone as they have plenty of messenger boys.
Yeah this okd technology equipment is collectible people like to look at the stuff... it's really cool when you have pictures of the old Twilight Zone posters😅
$22.00 for 3 min. in 1915, is a bit over $567 in 2021. Of Course, only the 1% have kept up with or Exceeded Inflation, so very few People could afford a Phone Today, if not for great Engineering advances
A different channel has this same video listed as being from 1941. Given that the newest car shown in the video (one of police cars) is a 1940 or 1941 Ford, it seems very reasonable that 1941 is the correct date for the film.
"What they really needed was a device smaller than a relay, that would operate as fast as a vacuum tube, on far less power, generate little or no heat, and last practically forever" based on what i've already learned from this video, i have a feeling that device is female
Who'd have thunk AT&T would have one of the coolest channels on youtube?
Though this one is no where near as good some of the older ones. The more modern an AmDoc is the less valuable and worthwhile it becomes, Where it should be exactly opposite.
Wait another 50 years, and it will be every bit as "interesting".
Agreed
Just a note the one person you left out of your credits is background artist Eyvind Earle. He was responsible for many unique background illustrations for Disney and was the main artist and designer of the film "Sleeping Beauty" (1958). He was also a prolific artist and had a very unique and modern style. Another documentary he worked on was "Rhapsody of Steel" (1959).
Yeah I'm pretty sure the person responsible for the credits is long dead!
Eyvind Earle also designed the Universal globe ident that opened Universal's movies between 1963 and 1990.
@@stewartlynch1284 that's a very cool piece of info. He was a talented man.
Also does anyone know where I may be able to find the background music?
Narrator Chet Huntley . One of the great reporters of his day . And the team of Huntley and Brinkley. Good night Chet ! Good night David were always their sign off the evening news.
You left out, "And good night for NBC News."
I wonder if the guys who made the first transistor knew how big of an impact they would have on the future.
Heroes, all of them.
I believe they would have understood, since the leap from vacuum tubes to transistors was so substantial. The same way today's electric vehicle manufacturers perfectly understand the monumental improvements they are making compared with an inefficient 200-year old technology, internal combustion.
they knew, somehow they knew
They knew, even one (Shockley) created its one semiconductor company (Shockley Semiconductors), and then some of his employees resigned and created another company (Fairchild Semiconductor) that created the first integrated circuits.
And now, a large majority of US electronic companies can traced its roots to the Fairchild, collectively called the Fairchildren.
@@VideoNOLA I'd say the leap of the transistor was far more momentous. I love EVs, but there's no extraordinary leap forward happening.
As I'd imagine you know, some of the earliest cars were electric, so they don't offer groundbreaking new capabilities the way transistors did.
Really we should be talking about energy storage technology, since that's always been the primary constraint for electric vehicles. And (sadly) there's been no revolutionary leap forwards in battery technology. Rather it's been (and continues to be) a long arduous slog of very intensive research and engineering that's provided slow but steady advancement (I heard a recent estimate of about 1.5% improvement per year, I think).
The explosion of EV growth in recent years has mainly been because battery technology finally reached the point where they're practical and cost effective. I think Tesla definitely deserves some credit for kick-starting the industry's interest, but I also think we'd still have gotten to where we are today, it just would have taken 10-20 years longer!
@@brandonb3279 I mean, lithium battery technology _has_ been a technological leap forward. We're you alive in the 90's? _Do you remember how much NiCad and NiMH batteries fucking suck!?_
You're right in saying that battery capacity has been the limiting factor with electric vehicles, which is why I don't really understand your assertion that batteries haven't seen a major leap forward in recent years. You are right to say that lithium batteries** have generally made modest year to year gains in storage capacity rather than huge leaps forward, but they've also only been commercially available since 1991. And only looking at capacity is too restrictive a position to really analyze their impact. For instance, the price has dropped dramatically since Li-ion's introduction into the commercial market. MIT put out a study saying that the price per capacity has fallen by 97% since lithium ion tech hit the market ( news.mit.edu/2021/lithium-ion-battery-costs-0323 ). The safety, longevity, charging speed, price, reliability, and yes, the capacity have all improved significantly since their introduction. And a lot of that actually has to do with advances in electronic controls built into the batteries or the chargers for them (bringing it back around to transistors). The electronic controllers monitor things like temperature to prevent overcharging, recharging/ discharging too quickly, being overheated by heat from other sources, detecting runaway thermals that could lead to a fire. They also manage charging in such a way that prevents the old "memory" problem, and they prevent the batteries from discharging too much (if you drain a lithium battery below a certain point, they can become permanently dead or with significantly lowered capacity).
All of these things add up to make the batteries altogether significantly improved. Semiconductor improvements have also contributed greatly to this trend, as better battery control has given us much of the improvements that we've seen. But, even just on its own, lithium batteries were a significant improvement over other rechargeables out the gate and have continued to get better. And one of the things that has made them so popular hasn't really just been the capacity gains, it's been the price drop from economies of scale. For a smartphone, the difference in price per capacity might not matter that much in the grand scheme of things since it's such a small battery. But for something like an electric vehicle, those price improvements are absolutely critical to their economic viability. A model 3 weighs about 4,000 kg, and 1k of that is battery weight. So if your product is 25% lithium ion battery by weight, then a 5% reduction I battery cost can be _significant._
And I also want to point out that a 1.5% improvement in capacity uear over year is pretty damn good, especially because I assume that that is a compounding improvement rate (as in, this year's 1.5% improvement is on top of last years 1.5% gain.) Most tech doesn't improve at the same kind of insane rate that transistor density did for the last 50 years.
**I'm lumping together all the different types together; there's a bunch of different types, all of the viable ones have made impressive gains pretty much across the board, and the differences between the various types don't really matter that much for this discussion. But it is something to keep in mind if you start comparing, for instance, price and capacity improvements between batteries for cell phones and batteries used for solar grid storage ;)
been a technician for ATT for 14 years.... super cool to watch this stuff
I love watching these old AT&T films from the early '60s. My parents both worked at Western Electric back in the early '60s (it's how they met, in fact) and I wonder if I'll ever maybe see one of them in the background. LOL.
Without AT&T and Western Electric, I might not even exist. Literally! 🙂
I see that Chet Huntley was the narrator- one of the very best news anchors ever, if not THE best. Good choice on AT&T/Bell Labs' part.
"the most valuable invention of all time" the "girl operator"
@Jeffery Amherst Democrats
@Jeffery Amherst Thanks Obama!!!
I wouldn't mind learning how to operate girls, but nobody I ask seems to know where to find a user manual.
Don’t tell the WOKE mob!
I remember when TV stations would say "Live Via Satellite" with such a tone in their voice as if it was something extraordinary.
lol well I mean it WAS something extraordinary.
This was at a time when airtime on different transponders was a valuable commodity-smaller, less profitable stations instead used terrestrial or regional microwave transmission.
Similar to how news stations branded their accuweather reports “Out cutting edge Doppler 5000 weather radar”, stations also touted their ability to afford satellite interviews as a branding method to say their news was superior to the rest. Chest beating :)
And now we have affordable high speed internet through one of thousands of orbiting satellites.
User 2C47 lmao what fantasy land are you living in? Because that’s clearly not reality. And don’t say Starlink, because it’s still not available, and probably won’t be for many years.
@@brycmtthw haha the beta kits are out now
Not only do I find this fascinating, but quite nostalgic as well. Its the type of film I would have seen in elementary school in the '70s. I can't listen to the badly warped audio without being transported back to my 5th grade classroom.
So many inventions by Bell Labs, it's amazing. Too bad they are no longer around.
They are, a shell of what they were.
Thanks to our benevolent government and Judge Green. One of the largest ravesties ever, to do away with the research and manufacturing arm.
They are absolutely, still around.
They are still around it's Nokia bell labs
Imagine then in 60 years everyone would have a powerful computer in their pocket. It runs all day, has 2-3 million transistors, razor sharp display, and does anything imaginable...
The Iphone 13s A15 Processor has 15 Billion Transistors, However the early PowerPC computers of the Nineties had around 2-3 million transistors.
Still insane to think about.
It is amazing what we take for granted, so many of us. I am responding to you from Israel and you may be anywhere in the world.
It is, in my opinion, the free marketplace of ideas and technology that will continue to amaze us even more.
And what do people use it for? Nothing but useless crap.
@@basketballjones6782That's just straight up not true.
Music composer Robert Emenegger is a pretty interesting guy. He worked for Honda for a while then got into independent film making. He did a bunch of super low budget sci-fi flicks around the late 70's to early 80's.
18:21 W. Brattain, W. Shockley and J. Bardeen . What a great surprise to see (some of) the fathers of the transistor together in one picture.
Well, the were together a lot except for Shockley who dropped in at an opportune moment and had to be included in the patent. The invention actually took place despite the dead hand of AT&T management. The guys had to beg and borrow some germanium from a company in Manhattan. The same for another invention the Labs took such credit for: the UNIX operating system. The inventors had to use the excuse that it would make their departmental secretary more productive.
This technology is called TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access). This allows multiplexing (multiple voice channels on one pair of copper wire). TDMA is now used in wireless IP technology (adjunct to IEEE 802.11 standards) used by WISPs to obtain more throughput.
Fun fact: the Human version of TDMA has been around since the beginning of intelligent conversation. It's called speaking-in-turn. The Human version of CDMA is speaking in different languages.
@@stanpatterson5033 Finally, a comparison of CDMA and TDMA that I can understand.
I went to south eastern signal school .ft gordon ga..never stoped learning at 73 still amazed. The short wave receiver i carry on my kit uses many innovations from telephone technology. Tks for good show
a fine film, we showed this in school 50 years ago, bought a 16mm Technicolor print that was listed on ebay not too long ago. Great documentary made by John Sutherland Productions who did work for US Steel and made several other films for AT&T.
Loved seeing those films in school assemblies back in the day. Glad you did too. We are the lucky generation .
@@colinhalliley111 I still work in several schools and the thought of doing an assembly by showing a film is non-existant. I have worked in a jr hs and they do have live presentations, but this year we have very few in school and all I do now is monitor a high school library. At least, I have been able to acquire film prints for my own collection and there are several groups that I run these.
@@mitchdakelman4470 now that's what teachers do teach , congratulations on your effort and film collection .
@@colinhalliley111 Teachers are under the pressure of the administration to do the ABCs and mandates that we never had in the 1960s. I remember running a Laurel & Hardy in biology class, had nothing to do with it, but I would always find films like The Far Sound that would fit in what we were covering in class, so in my father's health class as example, we showed Gateways to the Mind, a Bell Science film, and we did a lot in Drivers Ed like Freewayphobia, and my teacher liked the AT&T film Anatomy of an Accident.
@@mitchdakelman4470 the struggle continues ,now more that statue haters want to redo history.
7:31 I almost forgot that coax was that old.
22:23 Guess Bell Labs were predicting the use of fiber optic cabling.
And FaceTime lol
I find these videos fascinating, but who was the audience for these films? Where/How would people in 1961 see them?
Thought I was watching 'It's a Wonderful Life' for a bit there... Kept waiting for Jimmy Stewart to come barging in the office, whining about the little guy...lmfao!
11:18 “The Girl Operator”. CLASSIC
Even though the 4A switch was being deployed and already handled major cities in the network, it appears that the switch show at 12:15 is a 1XB, or probably in this case an XBT. I say this because the XBTs were used to front direct inward dial (DID) PBXs.
Yess!!! Some classic videos!
As I understand it Harold Black used negative feedback to maintain suitable voltage gain. The lower distortion was a bi-product. Coaxial cables offer a suitable impedance. Oliver Heaviside suggested this back in the 1880s. Alan Blumlein made remarkable cables which were far more than coaxial.
AT&T predicted online shopping and had great foresight!
Don't forget they predicted video conferencing at 23:06 .
"You will. And the company that will bring it to you... is AT&T." Only part they were wrong about.
@@markarca6360 Sadly companies rejected this technology for years for in person meetings.
Awesome how far we've advanced in the last 50 years
I grew up in central New Jersey in the 80’s and 90’s-Bell Labs seemed to employ 1 out of 10 of my friends Fathers. I don’t remember what most of my friends parents did for a living back then but clearly remember the kids parents who worked for the mythical Bell Labs-I imagined this is a place where miracles were worked on daily in rows of men wearing lab coats and pocket protectors, exclaiming “eureka!!” Lol.
Not in a lab. But as a hobbyist I exclaim Eureka everytime I found something cool
Today, an entire CO (central office) can be replaced with VoIP equipment and software (like Asterisk).
no way. you cant...
Ya voip works great.... Bell would have never released something that trash.
@@franktank9573 Agreed. Bell would have wanted to eliminate dropped packets, allowing for an experience more like T carrier. There would also have been no W3C and therefore no internet.
@@user2C47 But people have proven one one cares about the 5 9's. As long as it's good enough, we care no further then that.
This video was absolutely MIND BLOWING! To think of where man was in the year 1900, and the awe inspiring progress made from there in less than 70 years? There is nothing we can't figure out, if only we could get all of mankind on the same page of "greater good".
To see all that analog switching equipment firing away like that; those hundreds of thousands of relays clicking through that magical equipment made by Western Electric. Then, to know that one ingenious invention, (transistor) was about to turn all of that on its head. That all that relaying and switching would soon be executed in much less time, and with far less equipment, and eventually, even less (wo)man power...
This video seriously left me dumbstruck. The sheer amount of everything that was needed just so one person could speak in real time to another person in a different location? It really was like magic to the unwashed masses who probably had no idea how much behind the scenes work went into those phone calls.
Thank you for posting this video! And, Ma Bell, wherever you are; we're all grateful to you, and for everything that you did to help advance thurs great country of ours!!!
Jaydee Haze The first laser didn’t exist until 1960 either.
$22 for a 3 minute call?! $22 in 1915 is about $224.49 today.
"Optical maser" = laser. The first laserlike devices operated in the microwave radio frequency spectrum.
23:55 Interesting trivia: That satellite dish is the very dish that first detected the cosmic microwave background, the leftover noise from when the Big Bang became transparent. In other words, it's the oldest radio information in the universe, leftover energy from the enormous release of the big bang. The researchers had to get this antenna to pick up super sensitive signals, since they were essentially bouncing radio waves passively off of a balloon and the return signals were very weak. They did all kinds of crazy stuff (for the time) to remove any and all interference and hum from the signal. But no matter what they did, they kept hearing this weird interference pattern. They even thought that it must have been birds nesting and shitting in the antenna, but after they cleaned it out it was still there, no matter where in the sky they pointed it. They eventually figured out that it must be coming from space, and one of them was friends with an MIT professor who then remembered an old paper theorizing about "some kind of explosion that filled up space way back in time." They got together and hashed it out.
Interesting, I didn't know that video of this thing even existed.
How times have changed… A 3 minute coast-to-coast call cost $22 in 1915. That’s equivalent to almost $700 in today’s money. For that amount of money you can fly 3 people coast-to-coast nowadays, roundtrip.
The man standing up talking to the men at the table. He sometimes played the part of Darrin Stephens dad on Bewitched.
11:03 The most valuable invention of all time, the object man has always turned to in time of need, to solve yet another problem facing mankind, for example, the refrigerator solved a problem of keeping beer cold, but then, how do you get the cold beer to the chair in front of the television ??? with the help of the greatest invention of all time.
Chet Huntley.....haven't heard that name in so long.
6:40 - interesting factoid here - sending signal into feedback circuit and back through amp to remove distortion. I wonder if or how easily this could be applied in a digital audio workstation to take a sample with too much distortion, and create a more clean sounding sample?
It can only remove distortion generated on the output by the amplifier itself, rather than remove distortion present in the original signal being input.
Wow! This is a great tutorial! I'm going to download it. Today? Fiber optical cable the size of human hair carry thousands of conversations. And satelities bring up to a thousand tv channels into our home. The world of tomorrow
I'm from india and I will admit it that :
Its because of western people that today we humans evolved to such a great level around the world .........
I'm glad that you appreciate The Men of the Vest
You are very naive. Capitalistic Greed was mian motor for this. And this will never push human life into good things.
@@zawir_usaodpowiadausa3354 shut it u commie
@@zawir_usaodpowiadausa3354 Says someone living in a shithole country who is jealous of those who don't.
No Brazil várias localidades mantiveram as centrais locais no sistema Crossbar, como nas imagens do vídeo, até 1998, quando finalmente as centrais CPA já atendiam 90% dos assinantes e 100% dos enlaces e longa distância, inclusive com os troncos de microondas da Embratel.
The drawings are neat, ty.
I just love that intro haha
The "optical MASER" was precursor to devices such as Brookhaven Labs' NSLS, which creates a super-heated tunnel in the atmosphere, through which particle beam weaponry may be fired without atmospheric obstruction or degradation.
Nice sci fi story you have there. You should write the fiction story to go with it.
Back when people were named Chet
23:06 - That is now a reality. All you need is a capable PC, software (like Zoom or Skype), webcam and microphone.
Mark Arca or a single device: iphone
I wonder if new developments for the MASER will happen. Requiring cryogenic cold temperatures, they allowed ECHO satellite to be heard in the mid 50's
And over 50 years later, we don't have fiber optics at home by standard.
I have, it comes to a post 250m near my house where there's a transceiver to a coax cable, 250m is near close enough for me to get 100MBps, doesn't need to be exactly like a fiber to home to be fiber.
@Jeffery Amherst We have paid for it, years ago. It was never delivered.
www.techdirt.com/articles/20060131/2021240.shtml
www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6c5e97/eli5_how_were_isps_able_to_pocket_the_200_billion/
It says True Boardman as narrator, but it sure sounds like Chet Huntley.
It also mentions good ole Chet ! 😀
How I wish I could go back in time and be one of those “girl operators”! It seems like so much fun and I love the idea of these 1-3 digit phone numbers. I have a very old wooden telephone that was long ago converted into a little storage box that can be mounted on the wall. I’ve gazed at that thing since my early childhood and wondered what it would be like to really use one. A telephone, not a storage box.
Sigh! The more time that passes, the less likely it is that I ever will.
They built this transistor or not? Do we still use vacuum lamps?
Yes. We now put billions of them in a chip with a surface area of less than 1 square inch.
Where are my home optical masers? All I have are old copper phone lines and cable coax...
It became fiber optics. My house gets internet through it.
I live in a 1973 house. No optical masers. My best bud lives in a 2001 house. Fiber-to-the-premis (optical maser) .. by AT&T, no less. As always it's all about the $ (and a bit of blind dumb luck) as to which neighborhoods get fiber and who has to get their 'net from crumbcast.
12G SDI over Coax is now possible
4k video over coax. Imagine thinking that when coax was invented.
$22.00 for a three-minute call?!?! Back then, that was a month's salary!! *OUTRAGEOUS*
Back then, you would be holding up one of (probably) less than 25 wire pairs going to the destination, meaning nobody else could use it.
*NOT OUTRAGEOUS*
It’s only been in the last twenty years, that you don’t have to pay more for a long distance call, and even more recently to have unlimited flat rate calling.
Sorry all lines are busy
Ever get a "Fast Busy?" Meant exactly the same. Now, when that happens, you get "Call Failed" from your iphone / android's display. Still means the same thing. "All Circuits Busy"
18:21 Fore fathers of todays IT !! You made it all happen.
And now, 106 years later, voice calls are shittier than ever.
And today we can call almost anyone in the world for pennies.
But we don't know their number.
so some day they'll have intergalactic telephone lines and it'll only take 90 billion years to place a call from one side of the universe to the other
Maybe if todays at&t employees watched this video they might quit...i talkes about freedom of creating etc etc....this is not just the far sound, but the far side of society, which seems to be in the past...hope it comes back around as everything cycles in this Life ❤🙈🤞🏽🙆🏻
I know, this is cool
0:16 wait now, are those real names or are they just having us on? 🧐
Creative thinking (coaxialcable team) makes sense... You've converted it to cents...you need a negative feednack amplifier to get it back to technology making sense😂...❤
But no mention of echo suppression.
WHAT?
What?
what?
@@c0t0d0s7 Old telephone systems had a certain amount of reflection of the signal at the receiving phone back to the talker, an inevitable characteristic of a two-wire system. For local calls, the time delay is short so the talker doesn't notice it. For medium length calls with longer delay, the echo becomes noticeable to the caller and engineers compensated for this by simply reducing the signal level by certain amount, what's called 'via net loss' (more loss for longer delay). The reduced volume made the echo less annoying. Remember in the old days when you were talking to someone a hundred miles away, you would have to talk louder to be heard. That was because of the built-in VNL. For really long calls (coast-to-coast), it was necessary to have electronic amplifiers in the circuit, but the delay would be so long that the echo was intolerable even with VNL. So the solution was to have the amplifiers actively turn down the volume in the direction opposite of the talker-to-listener direction. It uses full volume only when you talk. This was called active echo suppression.
@@gpellmind Interesting. Sadly, I’m old enough to remember the echo on coast-to-coast and international calls.
I use VoIP at home, and the sidetone feature appears to be a way to artificially add some echo that was a default feature of landline telephones.
I literally wasn’t paying attention at first and thought it said fart instead of far. 😂
Wouldn't it be great if we still lived in a world where big tech companies still tried to help the people and keeping costs/prices low and not low costs and skyrocket prices for lousy and old technology 😢😂🤷🙈🤞🏽
13:21 Yet the 200 million call switching capacity mentioned here would be insufficient just 2 years later when calls about JFK'S death overloaded the system.
21:53 Wow... call forwarding in 1961. :)
I see what you did... give them the Nobel prize and say the invention is by Bell Systems.
It's a common business practice and has been for ages: If you invent something on company time, it's company property.
Anatole Sokol there was a movie from 20 years ago-John Tururo I think-about an inventor working for Bell who invented countless technologies and was denied the recognition.
@@almostfm Companies even make you sign a contract acknowledging it
@@Wandrng_drifter Yep-I've signed a couple of those contracts myself.
@@almostfm Yee same, the general stipulation is cause they “likely gave you the supplies/ability anyways”
Please tell me I’m not the only one who read the title as “The Fart Sound”
Toot from your Boot?
see 1986 Models with LED and Antenna
genius american
22:22 Optical Mazer = Fiber Optics? Which even today (2020) forms the backbone of most communications? Ya video chat has been around for a at least a decade now, if not 2.
It appears to be an early form of laser.
It is a laser, they just weren't called as such yet. They were called optical masers because they did the same thing as the maser did, only in visible light rather than microwaves.
Haven't seen a steak like that on the tele before
FIVE CONVERSATIONS ON ONE LINE.. IMPOSSIBLE? I THINK NOT.
10:54 4,950 to be exact.
A customer paid for listening device for the NSA in almost every American home?
Well done AT&T.
22us$ 3 min/call
11:24 - The "Girl" operator, we look back at history and say 'Wow" - however positive, the times were overly sexist.
Warner Bros Pictures
Mgm
A John Sutherland Production
For real? Looks more like UPA (Mr. Magoo, Gerald McBoingBoing, etc) I do detect a bit of Maurice NObel in the backgrounds, so that would suggest Chuck Jones and WB. And those angular "man" silhouettes -- I guess Craig McCracken was influenced by this. That could Professor Utonium!
Indeed, in the future a man in one city WOULD be able to communicate with a man in another, but certainly not a lady as the telephone is far too complicated a contraption for such a silly little thing to use, and not in the UK either as they shan't have need for the telephone as they have plenty of messenger boys.
Yeah this okd technology equipment is collectible people like to look at the stuff... it's really cool when you have pictures of the old Twilight Zone posters😅
Also good for kids
23:00 facetime
23:07 Amazon
Someday, humans will be communicating from the surface of Mars.
They already are. RICHARD D HALL of RICHPLANET has demonstrated "Mars" is actually far more likely to be in Greenland or Devon Island.
$22.00 for 3 min. in 1915, is a bit over $567 in 2021. Of Course, only the 1% have kept up with or Exceeded Inflation, so very few People could afford a Phone Today, if not for great Engineering advances
A different channel has this same video listed as being from 1941. Given that the newest car shown in the video (one of police cars) is a 1940 or 1941 Ford, it seems very reasonable that 1941 is the correct date for the film.
not really, considering they mention the transistor, and the nobel prize given to its inventors in 1956.
It’s definitely not from 1941
How DARE nature limit man's progress?!
#KIKO #OG #USMC #GEMINI #TWINS #TWIN #A #MALACHI #TWIN #B #MICAH #C #FOR #CHEEKS #SCORPIO #AMAZING #MAYS #TAURUS #YAQUI #TNT
Who is watching this video with help of a semiconductor?
You
Nikola Tesla is the true inventor
technicolor... es eh.. technically color
Madame Van Seters
"What they really needed was a device smaller than a relay, that would operate as fast as a vacuum tube, on far less power, generate little or no heat, and last practically forever" based on what i've already learned from this video, i have a feeling that device is female
Predictions in this video have all came true, if only they could have seen the future, LOL.
" hello? " ----> REEIEIEIEIEIIEIEIEIEIEI
'Frisco
That operator is hot
"I'm Buffy! For $7.95 per minute, I can connect you to my 'party' line!"
Maybe we should create a new transitor that doesn't use silicone, instead of creating stuff that uses more old transistor technology 😂🙈🤷
Will be able to communicate....we use it to fight.... misuse of technology...🤔
The girl operator replaced by computers.
The T-R-A-N-S-I-S-T-O-R was "invented" only 6 magically short months after the supposed Roswell crash.