HYPERTENSION II CVS II ROBBINS II SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY

[@chizobasampson5972]

Thanks so much for your wonderful lectures sir

[@chathuracm3368]

Thank you doctor ❤

[@Existential_Indian]

Contractility, preload and afterload is a part of stroke volume, not heart rate.
CO = HR × SV

[@Existential_Indian]

Heart rate and Contractility are not the same thing.