The Tuning Trick That Every Musician Should Know...
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- Опубліковано 8 чер 2024
- What causes the pulsating effect when tuning instruments? Find out in this video.
Watch this video next: • Why Do Instruments Sou...
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00:00 Intro
00:24 Sine Tone Demonstration
01:25 What Happens When the Detuned Frequency Changes?
02:07 Visualization of Both Tones in the DAW
03:57 How Do the Beats Correspond with the Frequency Offset?
05:36 NEXT VIDEO - Why Do Instruments Sound Different? (w/ Visual Demonstrations!)
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![Everything You Need To Know About Comb Filtering [with Audio Examples]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/0wvlrBx3U4c/mqdefault.jpg)
![Everything You Need To Know About Comb Filtering [with Audio Examples]](/img/tr.png)
Difference tones! I learned about these as a flute player in college.
Because flutes are close to sine waves, and much higher pitched we will experience a similar phenomenon but instead of a beat, we can actually hear a new really low note be produced when two flute players play notes say, a minor third apart in a high register.
For example, if one flute player plays a High Eb (at 1244 hz) and another plays a C6 (at 1046 hz), a low 198 hz frequency will rumble. It's actually quite annoying, even though we're perectly in tune.
It's only really an issue if you're playing a flute duet with no accompaniment.
That’s amazing! Thanks for sharing!
I’ve known about “beats” for tuning for years, but never really thought about the acoustics behind it. omg of course, phase cancellation!
Another fascinating aspect of beat frequencies is that they occur in your brain as well as acoustically. Try repeating this experiment with headphones. Play one tone in your left ear and a slightly different tone in your right ear. You will still hear the beat frequency in your brain, even though it is not occurring acoustically.
I've done that using Csound... (before I got JACK audio via Pipewire - using Garuda Linux).
this is how hemi-sync works
I've been using this technique for tuning since I atarted playing, aged 15 - now a looooong time ago.
It's caused by interference (constructive & destructive) which occurs because the frequency of each note is misaligned when they're played simultaneously.
Thought you were going to say, when tuning a string it's better to raise the pitch rather than lower to desired pitch ...on account of lost motion in the tuning gear. lol
When I was a kid starting on the electric bass I had no money for a tuner. I had this record with a song I knew was playing an A as a drone all the time, so I tuned my A string to that song and then, since I knew I had the 5th fret harmonic repeated on the 7th fret of the next higher string, I used those harmonics to tune the whole instrument. It not only worked well but it also trained my ear to recognise if I was out of tune which was very useful since I played the fretless.
Cool! Great info and explanation.
I always use this! This stuff helps a lot to build a good intuition for fundamentals of sound. As a physics student this came very naturally to me earlier on, cool of you to make a video of this! Well explained mate.
For those that are now having first incursions in trigonometry, that is a nice application example: there is a trigonometric identity that says
sin(a)+sin(b)=2 sin[(a+b)/2] cos[(a-b)/2]
We can take
a=2pi f1 t +phi1
b=2pi f2 t+ phi2
where f1 and f2 are the respective frequencies of the involved tones, phi1 and phi2 are just phase angles that aren’t of importance here and t is time.
Then, if we play both tones simultaneously, it is equivalent to sum both up, and the result is
sin(2pi f1 t + phi1) + sin(2pi f2 t + phi2)=
2 sin[(2pi (f1+f2)t/2+(phi1+phi2)/2] cos [(2pi (f1-f2)t/2+(phi1-phi2)/2]
That is, the sume of both tones can be interpreted as a new tone which frequency is the arithmetic media (f1+f2)/2 between the two original tones f1 and f2 and this new tone has its amplitude modulated (that is, it increases and decreases) with a frequency that is half the difference (f1-f2)/2 between the original tones.
As a numerical example: if we add a note that has a frequency of 440 Hz with another one of 441 Hz, we end hearing a note with 440,1 Hz (very similar to both originals) which amplitude is modulated with 0,5 Hz. That is, we hear that the “volume” of the note increases, decreases and the increases again, all in two seconds, and this repeats forever.
Have we really gotten so far, that guitar newbies need a video about how to tune without a tuner ?
Interesting video man! Cool to know!🤘🤘🤘
Excellent tip! I've always used this technique to tune my guitar, but using harmonics, as I can't trust the accuracy of the frets on my cheap guitar.
Yes. I prefer to use harmonics as well. I chose to fret a note here because the harmonics didn’t come through as well on the recording.
@@AudioUniversity I thought the harmonics trick was going to be the topic of this video. Of course, in a studio setting, using clean/DI guitar, you can also achieve same effect with fretting, but for live situations, especially with amplifiers, harmonics is way more efficient. Not to mention bass guitar, or in my case especially 5 string, where fretted note dies off way too quickly on a low B and there's enough low end to cover the beat frequency, I always use harmonics. Works well with compressor or overdrive, too.
Just remember that tuning is always an approximation when using 12tone even temperament instruments (like guitars).
If the guitar is well set up, using the harmonics will get you in tune, even when fretting notes.
BUT.
If it's not in good shape, you might get pretty wild differences in pitch for fretted notes after tuning by harmonics.
The solution?
It'll *never* be truly, perfectly in tune: it's mathematically impossible.
Instead, tune based on what you're about to play, using the fret positions you'll be playing as much as possible.
@@geroffmilan3328 Right! But in the 12tone the octaves match perfectly and the 5ths are almost perfect. But the 3rds, my friend... they sound horrible :D
@@RodrigoOliveira81 yeah that's kinda sucky, my friend.
Worth looking into how to set it up?
It takes a little patience, but it isn't genuinely hard:
ensure the neck has only a very slight up-bow, adjusting truss rod as needed, then adjust the intonation using the screws on the saddles?
Apols if you know all this.
If not, both Paul Davids & Music Is Win have how-to vids on this.
so the fact the two frequencies go in and out of phase create that “beat” which occurs at a higher frequency (more frequently)as they get further away from eachother….
Nice
Glad you liked it!
the frequencies modulate each other
also i wonder why it's called "beats", that sounds strange to me because it sounds nothing like a beat to me, it just sounds like a slower wave
While I of course hear the interference beats I don't usually tune by specifically listening to them. I usually just use a reference or a tuner to tune the first string, and then I use the 5th fret (or 4th for the penultimate string) to find the next note. And I just hear if it's too low or too high. I normally just use the 5th fret comparison to get the rough tuning (if it's been ages since I tuned) and then I just use all open strings because I can hear if they are in the correct relation without fretting anyway; and I often find that fretting pitches the note up a little which tends to make each string a bit too sharp if I fret all the way up; using a pinch harmonic skews it less; but I've noticed particularly on the electric guitar where it's easy to bend and where fretting tends to make it a bit more sharp than fretting on my nylon string does; I tend to tune all the strings completely in tune by ear and then flatten the highest notes slightly so that they get more in tune when I fret them (since they are almost always fretted anyway this works quite well).
1:17 by phase cancellation and the frequency of the cancellation or the "beat" is difference of the two frequncies. If the strings are in tune the frequency of the beat is 0 Hz by f1 - f2 = 0. Actually the topic can extend to intervals and chords since intervals like the octave and fifth, if not the major third is more in phase whereas the minor 2nd the tritone is out of phase almost all the time. For the tuning I use the harmonics on the 5th fret of upper strings (by position, not pitch) and the 7th on the lower (again by position), therefore creating almost pure sine waves without having to fret except the G and B for the guitar. The problem is that your reference string has to be in tune to the actual note. If the you take a slightly detuned E while tuning your A, they will be in tune in relation to each other but maybe not to the other instrument but still a useful trick, I use it a lot before everytime I play.
First time I hear someone talkong about this, but I discovered this while learning guitar by my own. This is how to make it even better :
Do not just play the 2 notes, pinch the harmonics of the 2 notes using the treble pick up to hear it better. I use a tuner once before any set then keep the guitat in tune while playing using this technique :)
🔥
The biggest problem with tuning using the 5th fret, is if your guitar is not properly intonated, you'll never get in tune. That's why, if I'm not using my phone or watch as a tuner, I use the harmonics.
You’re right! I’d usually recommend matching the 2nd and 3rd harmonic on the two strings, respectively. However, during production I found that the beats are more “felt” by the musician with harmonics and didn’t come through as well on the recording.
You are great! I'll show your videos my students! Take care!
It's an interference pattern. The beats at 441 are at 1 per second, the beats at 442 are at 2 per second. The difference between the two waves is the beat frequency.
Completely off topic question….. I notice you have the Sennheiser HD490 Pro. How do they compare to the Neumann NDH 30 that I think I’ve seen you with also?
Buying a 12 string quickly taught me the vibrations interact with eachother 😂
hi can you show me how to midi drum r70 roland to tbe yamaha psr sx900 keybord
That beat occurs because of the drummer! 😜
Tuning to cancel the beats out will give you a just intonation tuning, slightly different than equal temperament tuning
Why or how does the "summed" waveform in Reaper show the overlayed signals instead of the signal cancelling to zero? Is that just how grouping works in Reaper? I dont recall Audition behaving or having a function like that, which would be nice
That’s just how Reaper does it. Would be cool if it actually showed the resulting waveform!
Before I could afford a modern tuning gadget, I often tuned my strings by listening to the "beats" (or pulsations as you called them.)
Playing on the 5th fret of E is an A note and if you play A on 5 and 6 strings, you can tune all the strings by ear -- A tuning fork gave us the starting point to set standard starting point.
Today, it's a piec of cake. Push a button and tune. (4th fret on the G string to tune the B string)
Another benefit from tuning devices is that I don't stap the G string (because I didn't know where standard was.) Guessing standard can snap strings, icydk. ;(
Just saying from playing guitar for 50 years by ear and learning the hard way.
I'm much better at it now. ;)
I used to tune my mandolin in a similar manner. However, it's only accurate if your intonation is correct for all strings.
Cheers.
Neat ! 😀👍
Comment you asked : Comb filtering = Phase are not in harmony, just like when we argue with someone that mean we are not in phase and in harmony of our frequency !
I used my brain to tuning the guitar since i learn guitar for the first time. But I don't remember the complexity of the name of the chords...😂
Just basic CDEFGAB plus MINOR/MAJOR. 😅
Then i see this video, i learn something new.
All i got is that i can make a reese bass with a bass guitar
Also this is done on purpose when creating binaural beats, right?
A similar principle applies. But rather than an acoustic phenomenon, binaural beats are a psychoacoustic phenomenon!
Crear vídeo as usual.
"Beat Frequency" = Fsub1Hz - Fsub2Hz
Ah yes, the sound of school band concerts! LOL
Interesting concept to get specific bpm! Like this song is at 78 bpm so I’m just gonna set these two sine generators at 440 and 441.3
My niece poured Coke cola into my Fender tuner....😮
That really hertz
That's what I do to make my analog synth sound fat.
don't know that i need this
Guitar players beware : your instrument has a "temperament", which means you will never have all pure intervalls throughout. Don't try to cancel all beats or it'll drive you mad. Depending on your intonation, you are going to have up to 6bps (between G and B for instance)
Heterodyne
The pulsating is a phasing issue? Let's see if I'm right.
Yup! I was right! I didn't study electronics for nothing.
I'm not smart enough to understand all this, hence why I got a Peterson Strobeostomp to save me all the hassle ha ha
If you reference string on your guitar is not in tune, your guitar will not be tuned correctly.