Making Hydrazine Sulfate from Urea and Bleach
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- Опубліковано 27 вер 2024
- Hey guys, in this video we will be making some hydrazine sulfate starting using urea and bleach. It will be used in a future video to make Luminol!
This procedure was taken from ChemPlayer:
• Video
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Nile talks about lab safety: • Chemistry is dangerous.
Huh, rocket fuel is made from piss jello.
Who'd have thought?
gunpowder starts in dirt .... why not :):):)
@Ungregistered User they mean blackpowder and yes codyslab has made that
Parliament empowered the Peter men [as in Saltpeter, aka Potassium Nitrate] in the 1600's [See Feb.1646 example link at end of this post] to dig anywhere in the country [including underneath your home bathroom] to get that precious liquid gold for the state!
King [England] Charles-I is said to have proclaimed as policy: _In 1626, King Charles I ordered “his loving subjects [to] carefully and constantly keep and preserve in some convenient vessels or receptacles, all the urine of man during the whole year, and all the stale of beasts which they can save and gather together whilst their beasts are in their stables and stalls, and that they be careful to use the best means of gathering together and preserving the urine and stale, without mixture of water or other thing put therein. Which our commandment and royal pleasure, being easy to observe, and so necessary for the public service of us and our people, that if any person do be remiss thereof we shall esteem all such persons contemptuous and ill affected both to our person and estate, and are resolved to proceed to the punishment of that offender with what severity we may."_
Feb.1646 saltpeter act by Parliament www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/acts-ordinances-interregnum/pp828-830
@@czdaniel1 *KNOCK* *KNOCK*
Who's there?
Constable Wiggums
Good day, constable. What may I do for you?
Oh, I'm just here to take the piss.
Very well. Piss off then.
Piss Jello 😂😂
"This is very very toxic"
I dunno, looks like gatorade to me
Looks like Gatorade, works like Georgetown Kool-aid.
Bottoms up! 🍻
the forbidden lemonade
a cup of benzene would look delicious if you were dying of dehydration
and you could drink it, but only once
same case here
NileRed -- This is almost the biggest compliment I can think of. You have improved on a chemplayer video. :D
+j_sum1 j_sum1 thanks :)
The mad science forum is quite phenomenal. Read some of the stuff there, lots of good out of the box thinking.
Pro-tip: I keep some ice made from DI water in the freezer and use that to dilute my acid.
Pro-er tip add acid to water instead of water to acid.
@@aaronsalisbury2717 Pro-er-er tip just store you reagents in a fridge or freezer
@@jebbyhut4711 pro tip: no flammables or fridge go KABOOM when turn on
I'm watching this in case I need to grow potatoes on Mars.
Robert Browne you can make gelatin out of alien bones.
Great book, must have read it 50 times
@@marialiyubman that was really good one
Watching this so I know how to make a thirst quenching drink
Tried this multiple times here's what I found:
1) using an EDTA solution (about 40 drops of 1M) works well as a chelating agent.
2) using a smaller volume of more concentrated bleach (not diluting it to 5%) seems to give a bigger yield (although there maybe impurities)
But it also give you way more foaming. I used 15% bleach and had foaming 5-7 times the initial volume.
@@emmepombar3328 cobalt - copper electrodes?
Gelatin may act as a capping agent to control particle size/ion interaction (see e.g. nanoparticle synthesis, colloids, etc.).
Would be really cool if you could make longer chain N with it. I wonder if that's what happens without the jello.
Love Nile red in many ways I can learn while I'm lulled to sleep
Pool pellets tend to also have cyanuric acid in them (chlorine stabilizer). Could be why it didn't work. Might want to look into liquid pool chlorinator, which is just high-strength bleach solution with no stabilizer.
that bottle of "regular bleach" seems pretty suspicious.
I noticed that too. "Nope, nothing to see here officer, just some regular ol' bleach..."
@@brianbethea3069-- Only an outlier bleach would feel need to tell the world how "regular" he is!! Where were you on the night of June 2nd, 1973? _What did you do to Jimmy Hoffa's body?!?_
That's what other bleaches want you to think
If you watch enough of CodysLab videos, you'll be pronouncing it "bletch", lol.
@@jhyland87 nade ne luagh
As one of my favorite lines from the Martian states, “Hydrazine, is some serious death”
The forbidden lemonade looks exquisitely refreshing.
You can increase yield by adding EtOH after the sulfuric acid
Gelatin is the same reason you use pvt or dextrin to reduce crystal size. It acts as inhibiter of crystal growth and weakens the reaction making it happen slower and thus less destruction from that reaction
I don't know why this video suddenly was suggested to me, but as a subscriber and regular watcher of both Nile Red and Nile Blue, I enjoy THIS type of technical video rather than the more recent "fun" videos that Nile Blue has. (yes, I'll still watch Nile Blue, but it's more of a "background" channel instead of a sit down and watch channel)
You wasn't kidding. Bubbles were exactly at the rim. 1mm more and it would spill over. Glad I used a 1000 ml high form beaker rather then the low form. Gives you that bubbling room. In fact I use mostly high form beakers as they tend to mess up the counter more and capture the micro droplets alot better
Actually I personally don't have any access to bleach, but that pool chlorinating agent is commonly called bleaching powder and is pretty easy to get and cheap as well. About $2 for kilogram
Where do you live that you can’t get bleach?
Hey, just for the record and science. I did the reaction in a 400g of urea scale (and generated my own NaClO because commercial ones were just too dilluted), and used something like 10g of EDTA instead of gelatin and the yield was pretty high. Keep up the good work :)
So the edta serves the role of protecting from metal ions then right?
I process alcahol into acetaldehyde on a nearly nightly basis, it may be my favorite reaction.
in presence of antabuse catalyst your yield of acetaldehyde will increase dramatically ;^)
Can you use this as hypergolic fuel
Also, can u use CMC powder instead of gelatin
Nilered: "i didn't want to put something that was contaminated with hydrazine in somewhere that i store my food"
Also nilered: "i then measure out 100 mils of 50 50 water to sulfuric acid. this stuff was left in the freezer so it's probably around -15 C
So... you can't put a very dilute solution of something that might explode in the freezer but you can put in a highly corrosive and concentrated acid in the freezer where it could potentially corrode the freezer and make your food acidic.
That chipped beaker has been irking me for weeks😂.
Adam Harrington you pointed it out why😖
Maybe it's supposed to be like that, to keep the thermometer in place?
Also for pouring necked bottles
8:58 well youtube... when a nitrogen and a carbon love each other very much...
The gas that was released in the reaction (until heating to 85C) could not be CO2. It is bound in Na2CO3 too strongly - heating Na2CO3 solution will not release any CO2 (unlike NaHCO3), and moreover - if the excess of NaOH is present in the solution. It is not the formation of gas that pushes equilibrium to the right - it is formation of Na2CO3 where CO2 is so strongly held. The fact that NaOH excess was still present in the end is supported by the observation on H2SO4 addition - first little CO2 is formed (NaOH neutralised) and only later it forms.
So, what was the gas? Most probably, a mixture of O2 (2NaClO = 2NaCl + O2) and N2 (N2H4 + 2NaClO = N2 + 2H2O + 2NaCl).
Hydrazine might be toxic but it's a VERY useful chemical compound! I did not know you can produce it that way... I usually ordered it at SigmaAldrich... ;-) For purification you could have recrystallized the raw product with WATER! It exhibits a very low solubility in COLD water! ;-)
A very interesting video. I didn't knew this method.
If you need to wash your product, why to not use cold ethanol?
because it won't dissolve the sodium sulfate minor contaminant so that would be pointless
How about using (partial) vacuum in the reaction + de-bubbling stopper!?
Your reaction would have much higher yield and could be done at lower temperature even without cooling!
#truth
If hydrazine sulphate is soluble in water, how did it precipitate out at the end after adding sulphuric acid? There was water in the reaction mixture so it should have not precipitated out
So I did some research and the concern is that uncooked portobello mushrooms contain faint amounts of Agaritine, which is a hydrazine and therefore be used to make rocket fuel. It’s important to note however that much simpler and easier methods of hydrazine synthesis exist. For example NileRed has a video in which he uses; bleach, sodium hydroxide, and hydrochloride acid to make such.
Nile I am interested in amine and its ability to trap CO2 when cool and release it when its heated. Also I would like to know more about its hazards and toxicity. Think you could possibly do a video on this?
Hydrazine is used in boiler systems as an O2 scavenger and metal passivation chemical
*board rubber flies past head*
"Oi! Do not use the lab thermometers to stir your experiments!"
*Watches nilered video and twitches*
Aw Nile, that thermometer stirring... :D
Hydrazine sounds like a name you'd find as a trademark sports drink.
"i am goint to make the most evil jello possible" and thus hydrazine was born
AYO HE MENTIONED ITS DANGEROUS IN A PODCAST I DIDNT KNOW HE ACTUALLY DID AN EXPERIMENT
time for a nice fresh glass of lemonadeeee
Could you make a Video abou a Wolff-Kisher Readuction using the Hydrazine? :)
may be not spectacular but educational I think
@NipeRed thank you for the share
When you use cold baths its a good idea to circulate the water using a pump.
It was used in fuel back in the 70s and 80s in drag racing until it was outlawed because it was poison and it was so dangerous! btw is was mixed in fuel!
Watching this after some of the more recent videos, you now realize that he spilled hot hydrazine and H2SO4 in his parents’ garage.
Very relatable
Who hasn't tho.
@@flowerpt My brother, when he was a teenager, turned a window AC unit into a compressed propane cooler, and somehow got a machinist to make him a concentric refrigerant return copper cooling block for his CPU. My parents had no idea. The only thing between that system and a garage-volume full of propane gas was my then-16-year-old brother's soldering joints.
The system was _too effective_ and he roasted a good score of motherboards, because the cooler caused condensation on the surrounding PCB.
He has a PhD now.
So hydrazine is basically the concentrated form of the UA-cam comment section?
I know someone who was exposed to Hydrazine from an EPU in an F-16. He is screwed for life (As in, he breathed enough into his lungs to have the lungs of an 80 year-old even though he is 30) but has a decent paycheck from the VA.
Couldn't he just get his lungs washed?
How did you clean up that spill from when you were adding the acid? You said that this stuff is horribly toxic, but when the solution spills, you sort of gloss over it.
sodium hypochlorite if i remember correctly destroys the hydrazine so he could do that
Hydrazine is very good for reducing graphene oxide back to graphene or other hard to reduce oxides like WO3.
Very nice, thank-you!
Well done!
I tried this out last night with I think some good success. It would be nice to know the quality of the sulfate precipitate. I am waiting for the product to dry out before weighing it. A few notes:
1) I think the reason NileRed got a good yield is actually due to the spill! During the heating phase I imagine some NH2:H2N got dissolved in the condensate on the plastic and walls of the beaker. The overflow looked like 50ml from watching the video. Could more NH2:H2N have been dissolved in the condensate than the in spilled stuff?
2) NH2:H2N.HSO4 has a solubility of ~20g/100ml. The experiment ends up with ~600ml tailings. Could there be more product available in the solution tailings?
3) I assume that the tailings are contaminated with NH2:H2N. That and the filter paper. How do I dispose of them properly?
4) I hope I didn't mess things up, but it seemed that I didn't have enough H2SO4, because the solution foamed a tiny bit, and there seemed to be incomplete precipitate. I added more acid. Bad? NaHSO4 is a little more soluble than Na2SO4...
5) Putting the acid in the freezer was brilliant. It helped me drizzle down the side of the beaker instead of using an eyedropper.
6) I started with 8.25% NaClO, and assuming a 5% loss of strength which meant I diluted 300ml of bleach with 200ml of water. It seriously looked like I was thus working with too dilute bleach. But it went okay.
7) Hand held vacuum pumps do not work really well, because I still ended up with a paste.
8) Why go with a bisulfate of hydrazine? Why not di-hydrazine sulfate?
9) There were no odors from the beaker until I started adding the acid and it started effervescing. Then, I had to open the garage wide.
10) What about using a fractional distillation column on a 1L flask to capture the aerialized NH2:H2N?
11) Some automatic stirring hot plates do not work very well between a stainless steal bowl. Some hot plates which claim to go up to 100 C don't (www.ebay.com/itm/131699117190). I had to carefully warm the side of the beaker with a torch.
12) The experiment took more time than anticipated (probably the faulty hot plate).
13) If I were to do this again with the "concentrated" bleach would it work or would I get more sulfate contamination?
14) I checked my vacuum flask this morning and found a thin silt deposit. Could it be more product? There is honestly too little to consider further extraction.
15) I noticed a different approach with ammonium sulfate instead of urea. The sulfate ion is already present. I believe that the solution would still have to be very alkaline at first and then acidified. Any thoughts?
... Someday I would like to make a Peltier hotplate making heating and refrigeration in the same place.
+Sean Walton Do you know what your yield is?
+Nile Red
14.9g
:(
Sean Walton that isnt TOO bad!
how did you determine your yield without knowing how pure your product is? you didnt do any melting point tests or recristallization, right?
Reaction equation please. Love your vids man.
Does the spilled solution on the hot plate contain hydrazine? How is it cleaned up? You have a fume hood but not a separate fridge for chemicals?
50ml of water with 50ml od conc. sulfuric acid won't give you 50% H2SO4 though. The percentage is usually referring to weight and 50ml of conc. sulfuric acid weigh about 92g, so you end up with 142g of a solution that's 64.8% H2SO4 by weight...
a gas?
so when using a vacuum pump you put the reaction equilibrium to the product side --> better yields
So I have prepared the salt with this method, but after some time I wanted to use it in a synthesis. But when I opened the bottle, there was a faint ammonia-like smell coming from the crystaline powder. Is there actually a chance that some base had made it into the product and actually created freebase hydrazine? The powder was well dried so there should not be any moisture present but maybe it picked some over time?
Can you or have you made a video on how to use or draw the hexagon structure connecting chemicals thingy?
16:45 Welcome to 2020
My solution of bleach and gel and urea was still bubbling hard after 24 hours, I don't think ot will ever stop bubbling
Wrong + incorrect. 1ml H2SO4 is 1,84 grams. So 50ml are 50ml*1,84g=92grams.92grams Sulfuric acid+50 grams Water=142 grams Mixture. To find the concentration of Sulfuric acid in procent mass, the acid is divided by the mass of the mixture and by 100 multiplied. 92/142=0,647*100=64,7 % concentration which is not 50% as you lied. But since you try to make 50% Sulfuric acid than you should calculate again. 50g*1ml/1,84g=27,17ml. So 50 grams Sulfuric acid "H2SO4" are 27,17ml than you combine them with 50ml of Water and yes you will make it 50% mass concentration.
you only got a 40 something % yeild becasue you are crashing a water soluble product out of water... adding ethanol should help crash out the hydrazine sulfate as hydrazine sulfate is not soluble in ethanol
where does the carbon come from in this reaction?
From the Urea. Urea has a single carbon atom.
Thanks, very useful reagernt!
He spoke so much more naturally in his older videos instead of that thing he does now where he constantly sounds like he's about to say "but..." or that something went wrong.
You should do a video where you make IRFNA and anhydrous hydrazine. You've already made red fuming nitric acid, you just need to remove most of the water and add ~1% iodine (assuming you don't have a safe-ish way of adding HF). I'd donate for such a video :)
fucking die% chemistry edition™
Very informative thank you.
@8.35 Although clearly this is different from the Hofmann elimination, which is an entriely different reaction.
Cleaning Mercury ! Love your videos!
0:20 the very same chemist has distilled bromine in his parents' garage with a tiny little fan to TRY to ventilate the room. Now I guess hydrazine is serious shit and must NOT be fucked with.
They have hydrazine for our GPU’s. Smells like almonds when burnt. (Don’t breathe the fumes before or after)
YEE!!! Super metamorfoze!!! Organik - Nonorganik
Could one use hydrazine sulfate in sulfate flash compositions? I mean... extra energy and real gasses as combustion products? One likely needn't figure the hydrogen in the stoichiometry, since water wouldn't exist at the expcted combustion temperatures. Just an idle thought...
Is hydrazine acid good for precipitating gold from quartz rock?
Man you sound completely different than newer videos
What is that type of syringe called that you start using around 12:20?
A volumetric pipet
So how does the home chemist go about cleaning up a liquid hydrazine spill?
Probably by calling emergency services and getting away from it
everybody try making the video play at 0.75 and tell me it's not hilarious to listen do DRUNK Nile explaining chemistry..hhahahahahha
Thank you NileRed you have inspired me to peruse chemistry in university. I also have a question is it possible to extract urea out of urine?
Just buy it...
+RealChemistry lool:))
Chem Player have a video about it.
+Westportlad
I would guess "no." I wondered the same thing, not wanting to spend more money for 22g. From what I have found while researching was that the urea is mixed in with a lot of other "crap" and truly isolating it would fail. I looked into urea sulfate (a real compound) but found nothing... no detail... no solubility. I went ahead and bought it (5lbs for $13!). Again I used 22g. Well, at least I can make home made instant coldpacks for emergency prep.
Sean Walton ahahahahahhahahahahahahahah, bro, never challenge nile.
You should create a pill that gets rid of grogginess
Have you ever tried diluting the acid using ice made from distilled water?
Can hydrazine sulfate still be used as rocket fuel?
2:25 on to 2:35
Oops, I accidentally imagined nitric acid rather then sulfuric acid. Shoot, time to start over and watch it correctly this time
I'm really looking forward for the Acetone video
Imagine having high concentrated bleach, caustic, sulfuric acid, and urea all in the same building. Lmao insert Ralf "im in danger" meme here
I did the same scale and got 75.4grams
I think I got a 50 50 mix hydrazine and sodium sulphate
Good sci-fi title: "The man who flew to the Moon on his pee"
ماهي مكونات بودرة تشقير الشعر
nile that second reaction you did to get sodium hypochlorite from pool tablets you had it in a bath? could i bother you to give a few details like proper amounts, temp range etc? i need it in much more concentrated form than household bleaches, im experimenting with various oxidation and patinas for metal work.
thank you
Make some MDA
@NileRed Would this be a safer reagent in luminol synthesis than straight hydrazine? I have to design a procedure for my orgo lab and I can't use straight hydrazine because my lab doesn't have the right safety precautions for it. Would this be a good substitute?
Hydrazine is very toxic, whereas I'm slippin' under
I wonder whether you'd need the gelatin or not if you used MilliQ or some other ultrapure water system; or would you figure that misc. metal ion contamination in storebought reagents/etc would still be enough to warrant using a chelator anyway?
Store-bought bleach contains significant amounts of metal contamination
Something very few know.....The F-16 fighter jet uses Hydrazine in the EPU.
Shhhh
A friend of mine said that hydrazine tastes like lemonade
remove the sulfate and then react the hydrazine with some fuming nitric acid.
(hypergolic mix)
would you ever make any benzodiazepines?
Just Another Emo On UA-cam lsd tho
Should I cool the urea-gelatin solution too? Or let it just cool down to room temp and then use it right away?
In case y'all don't know what Hydrazine is: 4's all over the NFPA 704 fire diamond rocket fuel.
now convert it to anhydrous hydrazine with anhydrous ammonia
If the solubility of hydrazine bisulfate is 30g/l at 20 C, wouldn't there be a lot of the salt still in solution?
I Saw in the littérature that hydrazine Can be produced like that, NH3 + H2O2 = N2H4 + H2O is that Real ? I mean compared to your synthesis it's quite simple too simple maybe
Acetone sound interesting