High Velocity Signal Loss (HVSL), Time of Flight Effect and Turbulence | MRI Physics Course #23

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This is the first in a series of talks reviewing signal in vessels. As you'll see signal varies greatly with the type of sequence used and sequence parameters.
Today we review high velocity signal loss (HVSL). This is often referred to as 'flow voids'. Flow voids represent signal loss due to high velocity blood flow exhibiting time of flight effects (ie. blood leaves the slice before the 180 degree RF pulse is applied). The term flow void represents a patent vessel with normal flow, not a lack of flow.
After HVSL, we briefly discuss the concept of turbulence and how this leads to signal loss/ hypointensity.
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If you're here, you're likely studying for a radiology physics exam. I've spent the last few months collating past papers from multiple different countries selecting the most commonly asked questions. You'll be surprised how often questions repeat themselves!
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[@rachlruby]

Thank you Michael! Is it right to say we can’t see slow flow and turbulent flow effects on SWI, because it’s a gradient echo sequence and is thus resistant to TOF effects?

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