How LED Works - Unravel the Mysteries of How LEDs Work!

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  • Опубліковано 11 січ 2025

КОМЕНТАРІ • 606

  • @EngineeringMindset
    @EngineeringMindset  Рік тому +60

    *The first 100 people to use code* ENGINEERINGMINDSET at the link below will get 60% off of Incogni:➡ incogni.com/engineeringmindset

    • @SantoshKumar-jd7wx
      @SantoshKumar-jd7wx Рік тому +3

      Can gears rotate them selves, can gears rotate for long without using any electric power or human power

    • @sonoftherain3761
      @sonoftherain3761 Рік тому +1

      Please do a video on solar panels 🙏... your videos are perfect 😇

    • @reshmiarajkonna
      @reshmiarajkonna Рік тому

      Q

    • @RetroPlayer4000
      @RetroPlayer4000 Рік тому

      Only 99 remain

    • @EngineeringMindset
      @EngineeringMindset  Рік тому +3

      Seen our new video on HOW SOLAR PANELS WORK in detail ua-cam.com/video/Yxt72aDjFgY/v-deo.html

  • @robertrocheville7769
    @robertrocheville7769 Рік тому +378

    That was, by far, the best explanation of how LEDs work I have ever seen.
    Super in depth, while not talking over our heads.

    • @christosvoskresye
      @christosvoskresye Рік тому +2

      It was too redundant -- it felt like 4 or 5 shorts edited together. How many times do we have to be told about the flat side of a diode?

    • @jonjoncs
      @jonjoncs Рік тому +2

      @@christosvoskresye As many you need to learn

    • @oml81mm
      @oml81mm 4 місяці тому +1

      It was covered in the video but might have been explained better.
      A diode will not conduct until a small voltage (the forward voltage) is applied. Once the diode has been 'switched on' by this voltage it will conduct and a current will flow. In a LED it is the current flowing, not the voltage, that controls the light emitted.
      In addition diodes are not 'ohmic' loads, and are not self regulating, the current can rise to such an extent that the diode is destroyed (the graph at about 14:23 shows this well). This is why a current limiting resistor is required in the circuit.

  • @botcontador3286
    @botcontador3286 11 місяців тому +76

    I got here referenced from Derek's ( Veritassium ) video "Why It Was Almost Impossible to Make the Blue LED". So cool.

    • @bparker86
      @bparker86 Місяць тому +1

      Same lol

    • @OpticalOpp
      @OpticalOpp 12 днів тому

      calling him by his first, super cringe

  • @rdhunkins
    @rdhunkins Рік тому +340

    Well done. This explained Diodes in minutes what took days for my professor in college to do back in the ‘80s.

  • @raajnivas2550
    @raajnivas2550 Рік тому +36

    You are wonderful, man. Explaining such a wide spectrum of electronics, in such brief lucidly.

    • @EngineeringMindset
      @EngineeringMindset  Рік тому +8

      Thank you, glad you like them. Lot of hard work goes into them

    • @raajnivas2550
      @raajnivas2550 Рік тому +2

      @@EngineeringMindset God bless you, team.

  • @taiwanluthiers
    @taiwanluthiers Рік тому +14

    LED's are basically amazing stuff. When I was little I only saw LED in red or green, and they were very dim, only useful for indicator lights on various machines.
    Then someone invented blue LED and now LED has basically replaced light bulbs.

  • @misugijun
    @misugijun Рік тому +42

    Best video i have seen so far informing us about LEDs. Thanks very much for high quality content and the effort put into it. I really appreciate you supported your theoretical background together with circuit diagraghms and also making it on breadboards just to let us see how it looks. It definitely would tale a lot of effort and time. That is very much appreciated.

  • @radonato
    @radonato Рік тому +13

    I love how, when adjusting the ratios of GaAs and GaP (GaAsP), you had the audience GASP every time the light came on.
    Subtle, yet beautiful.

  • @superspak
    @superspak Рік тому +7

    This is one of the best videos I've ever seen. Easy to digest for any level of familiarity of sciences, with amazing infographics. Keep up the great work.

  • @TheGuracao
    @TheGuracao Рік тому +18

    I absolutely love the pace and information density in your videos!

    • @ShamrockParticle
      @ShamrockParticle Рік тому

      Seriously? The pacing is almost rabid and the content should be able to do the work without the needless whoosh-zippy distracting stuff. Definitely made for the ADHDTV generation.

  • @stefanolassandro886
    @stefanolassandro886 Рік тому +13

    This was extremely fun and engaging, thank you so much for the high quality content mate

  • @Shiva-diva
    @Shiva-diva Рік тому +3

    The explication of the n and p type materials was so clear. I don’t think I’ve ever seen it done that well. Bravo!

  • @CodyLynn100
    @CodyLynn100 Рік тому +39

    Another LED type that I learned about a few weeks ago is called an addressable LED. It’s a bit beyond this video, but worth noting for the advanced users as it allows multiple LEDs to be controlled at different colors each using only one signal pin on a microcontroller.
    It is a LED with an internal microcontroller that can be gotten as either RGB or RGBW and is controlled by a high low signal. The LEDs are chained in sequential order by their signal pins. To control them, a signal is sent containing the information for all the LEDs in the chain. The first LED removes its instructions and then sends the remaining signal to the next LED. These LEDs can be bought individually or in LED strips.

    • @ultimateenergizerguide467
      @ultimateenergizerguide467 4 місяці тому

      void of free electrons and holes, is crucial to how a diode-and therefore an LED-operates. It forms an electric field that controls how electrons flow, allowing them to move in one direction only. When an electron from the N-doped side moves across the depletion zone into the P-doped side, it releases a specific amount of energy, which is emitted as light.

    • @OpticalOpp
      @OpticalOpp 12 днів тому

      you talking bout a phototransistor LED?

  • @brianwood5220
    @brianwood5220 Рік тому +8

    Brilliant video, Paul, full of explanation and detail. Just the thing to get young brains excited. Thanks for sharing.

  • @merlin5476
    @merlin5476 Рік тому +10

    An incredibly well detailed video& very well put together. Cheers. 👍

  • @tonytor5346
    @tonytor5346 Рік тому +5

    Excellent video. Being an old TV, RADIO. Repairman in the 70’s I have a steep learning curve ahead of me. MOSFET was the cutting edge of the cutting edge when I started Medical School. Now at age 70, I am still seeing patients but am getting back into electronics. In my life as a physician, I met many veterans from WW2 and into the early 1950’s. Learned a lot once their NDA’s expired. Amazing what they were able to do with vacuum tubes! Now, something I would appreciate your expert opinion.
    I learned physics in undergrad, Kozarev’s theories, which he proved to a certain pin extent, were fully validated in the Mid to late 80’s and 90’s. The physics of his Spiral mirror are amazing but well beyond my math level. I found out last year of a recent experiment in the last 10 years, they were able to SEE the Pleiades where they currently are both with light telescope and radio-telescope when using the Kosarev spiral mirror in conjunction. The Pleiades are 1200 light years away. This would indicate that Kozarev’s mirror is able to receive tachyons or other similar particles. There is a documentary on UA-cam about the experiments that were tried in an area of low magnetic field near the North pole. Please let me know what your thoughts are on this scientifically proven but quire mysterious device. My name is Sergio AKA Dr. T🖖🏼

    • @EngineeringMindset
      @EngineeringMindset  10 місяців тому +1

      See my new MOSFET explained video here➡️: ua-cam.com/video/AwRJsze_9m4/v-deo.html

  • @Dinnye01
    @Dinnye01 7 місяців тому +1

    Having a degree in low current electrotechnics, I already know all of this, and still, this is super enjoyable to watch! I LOVE it!

  • @pepe6666
    @pepe6666 Рік тому +5

    hands down the best explanation of LEDs from start to finish. this needs to go on the reference shelf. thank you sir.

  • @stabilini
    @stabilini Рік тому +7

    Amazing super condensed info about LEDs. Best video on this topic I've ever seen.

  • @foxman1546
    @foxman1546 26 днів тому

    I knew nothing about how diodes work until i watched this. The amount of research that went into diode development must be astonishing. Well done you electronic brainiacs. 👏 👏

  • @user-qr4jf4tv2x
    @user-qr4jf4tv2x Місяць тому +1

    really love the hole analogy to how electrons decides to move

  • @danbrit9848
    @danbrit9848 Рік тому +2

    Truly thank you for this ..I have wounded my hole life the science behind the led but every time I researched I got the basics of power gose hear and light ...not a single person on this planet in 30 years bothered to actually go deeper... So truly thank you 💖

  • @adnanshabbir8834
    @adnanshabbir8834 Рік тому +2

    this is much better than textbook definitions, he explains everything perfectly

  • @Tonyarrj268
    @Tonyarrj268 Рік тому +3

    a whole semester of my College (30 years ago) condensed in 20 minutes 😄
    awesome explanation😉

  • @jensschroder8214
    @jensschroder8214 Рік тому +42

    For a long time, LEDs could only be produced in the colors infrared, red, orange, yellow and green.
    It was not until 1990 that blue LEDs and thus also white LEDs could be developed.
    I know that back then cars used blue bulbs instead of LEDs for high beam indicators.

    • @zoro.73
      @zoro.73 Рік тому +7

      Credits to Japan

    • @notmuch_23
      @notmuch_23 Рік тому +11

      It was so hard, in fact, that the three Japanese men that discovered how to make one, Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano, and Shuji Nakamura, won a Nobel Prize in physics!

  • @erielighthousetheater5395
    @erielighthousetheater5395 Рік тому +7

    Very informative. In fact, brilliant! I'm astonished that scientists think of this stuff and make it work!

  • @Time-Trvlr
    @Time-Trvlr Рік тому +12

    I was pleased that your animation showed the correct electron flow direction from negative to positive. In electronics college our instructor demonstrated this with a piece of graphite and a piece of paper. With high DC voltage and the negative connected to the graphite the arc produced carried graphite particles to the paper as the arc continued through the paper to the positive electrode on the other side.

    • @frommarkham424
      @frommarkham424 Рік тому +4

      You are correct in that the electrons originate from the negative terminal and go towards the positive terminal
      But the electric field originates at the positive terminal and ends at the negative terminal. The direction of the electric field is opposite to the direction of the electron flow.

    • @VincentGroenewold
      @VincentGroenewold Рік тому +2

      I like that too, practically it doesn't matter when thinking about circuits, but I would have loved if that was what I learned in school to begin with.

    • @wilneal8015
      @wilneal8015 Рік тому +1

      In those days that was referred to as
      Conventional Current!
      Confusing Indeed!! 😮❤

  • @privacyvalued4134
    @privacyvalued4134 Рік тому +4

    You should do a video on "Toasters explained - How toasters work...and why you shouldn't put silverware into the slots" from an electrical engineering perspective. The electrical engineering behind the average toaster is both fascinating and horrifying. The toaster is probably the single most dangerous standalone appliance in the average home. While microwave transformers are far more dangerous/lethal and the large capacitors found in A/C units can also deliver a lethal charge, you have to disassemble those appliances to enter danger territory. The toaster, on the other hand, can deliver a lethal charge without any disassembly and can also short itself out and even cause electrical fires. The toaster also has plenty to cover on the electrical engineering front despite just being a bunch of metal and wires.

  • @scooterxiv3778
    @scooterxiv3778 Рік тому +10

    My teacher used your video in class.

  • @rocagmo1
    @rocagmo1 Рік тому +1

    This is one of the best videos on LEDs explained. Dayum!!!

  • @agostinodibella9939
    @agostinodibella9939 Рік тому +2

    This is the best video I ever saw that explains so much info about LEDs! Well done 👏

  • @VariantAEC
    @VariantAEC Рік тому +6

    Nice video, very well put together!

  • @BFG_10G
    @BFG_10G Рік тому +1

    Look who's back.😊
    This is such a simple, highly informative video. Very easy to understand. Great video.

  • @combatplayer
    @combatplayer 4 місяці тому

    excellent video!
    Just a couple notes. at 8:35, unlike what's mentioned, most monitors would not use LEDs directly in the subpixels, more commonly just as a backlight, although the color mixing mechanism is the same. second is that the white LEDs used in light bulbs don't mix colors like that, as implied at the end. they're simply blue LEDs with a phosphor coating. exceptions exist of course.
    these are really nitpicks though, and I'm sure they've been pointed out before. i hope you keep up the great work!

  • @robspiess
    @robspiess Рік тому +2

    @18:00 Gallium Arsenic Phosphide = GaAsP (hears audience gasp at the result)

  • @michaelarulanantham8833
    @michaelarulanantham8833 7 місяців тому

    After 16:25, a few queries. Is the Silicon Semi conductor still doped with Al and P? With the GaAs and GaP semi conductors, is there still Si in the material? So there is Ga in the P type junction and a mixture of As & P in the N type junction? The ratio of 3:2 As:P gives you 1.7584eV?

  • @Cmm4626
    @Cmm4626 Рік тому

    Is it just me or is the theatrics of these vids getting better and better?! Great edit and info I learn so much from you!

  • @dkosolobov
    @dkosolobov Рік тому +6

    Super informative and very high quality video!

  • @TheloniasBrowntail
    @TheloniasBrowntail Рік тому +1

    As a person born with astigmatism and nystagmus, I despise LED's nowadays.
    They are practically blinding, burn images in my eyesight that lingers for a long time, and have horribly opaque halos around their source, which makes it impossible to see.
    One could say "lol don't look at them", which is nearly impossible since nearly everything have them installed anymore, so much of which don't have a method of diffusing or masking/shading the diodes.
    This includes streetlights, billboard displays, headlights/taillights, screens, stoplights, ceiling light strips, industrial work lights, spot lights, etc. How can one avoid looking at them when they're everywhere?

    • @tashalynn29
      @tashalynn29 Рік тому

      I HATE led lights too. Absolutely despise them

  • @rickmeeker5713
    @rickmeeker5713 Рік тому

    Thumbs up for the, "Awww" @ 16:41 🥰

  • @subn0rma1
    @subn0rma1 Рік тому

    I have absolutely no reason whatsoever to learn about how LEDs work but your video was so good and so entertaining that I did it anyway and I don't regret it.

  • @silverwinterlord5300
    @silverwinterlord5300 2 місяці тому

    Thanks for this incredible video!
    I used your video to make a physics presentation, and it was insanely useful! I will recommend them your channel, and I properly marked your video as a source.
    Thanks for making such a quality content!

  • @PaulMenden5659
    @PaulMenden5659 4 місяці тому

    Great video. I especially like that you explained in depth how LEDs work on an atomic level.

  • @biswajeetsingh4994
    @biswajeetsingh4994 Рік тому +1

    I have learned that before. But the way you explained, makes the learning more enjoyable/fun making electronics more interesting for newbies. Very well explained and great video.

  • @4dirt2racer0
    @4dirt2racer0 Рік тому +1

    awesome video man, seriously this was a good one also thanks for that heads on it, i appreciate that :)

  • @manjunathm8241
    @manjunathm8241 Рік тому +1

    Very good explanation with amazing animation easily understood by anyone.

  • @Delta7Smith
    @Delta7Smith Рік тому

    I appreciate the content of these episodes so much, I actually watch the ads.

  • @burklander3338
    @burklander3338 Рік тому

    I learned more in this video than I have learned in years of being taught electronics elsewhere. Well done!!!

  • @Dhruthron
    @Dhruthron Місяць тому +1

    Just imagine where we should we keep Nakamura for his invention and where is he right now... He is the reason we are here, we evolved this much..

  • @seragel-safty1936
    @seragel-safty1936 3 місяці тому

    This video deserves 10/10

  • @Blank-n7c
    @Blank-n7c Рік тому +1

    Great video about lEDS 💡

  • @MegaLeonilde
    @MegaLeonilde Рік тому +2

    Lovely video mate.👌🏾

  • @PappaBear_yt
    @PappaBear_yt Рік тому +1

    Very nice! I'm sharing this. 👍🏻👏🏻🙋🏼‍♂️

  • @alanhurdle3949
    @alanhurdle3949 7 місяців тому

    I started at seven pin segment. The start of my very own and something I make, a calculator I could buy one for 5 dollars easy, but loss the knowledge of truly how it works man I so bad at something that should be easy you video keeps me on track I can tell how appreciative I am for this ty

  • @jarvis0128
    @jarvis0128 9 місяців тому

    Very informative video. Especially the infographics and animations help a lot to understand in a better manner

  • @ambition112
    @ambition112 Рік тому +6

    0:41: 💡 LEDs produce light by emitting photons when a voltage is applied, and they are more energy efficient than traditional incandescent lights.
    3:25: 🔦 LEDs, including SMD and high-powered versions, emit different colored lights and can be used in various applications.
    6:49: 💡 LEDs are used in various circuits and can be controlled to produce different colors and brightness.
    10:06: 💡 LEDs and their components explained.
    13:43: 🔬 The PN Junction in a semiconductor creates a barrier that prevents electrons from moving across, but a forward bias allows current to flow.
    16:49: 🔬 Scientists discovered how to create different colors of light by blending different materials to form a semiconductor.
    Recap by Tammy AI

  • @maulikshah28
    @maulikshah28 11 місяців тому

    the ONLY video that I could find that actually answered my questions! Thanks

  • @alsadekalkhayer7007
    @alsadekalkhayer7007 Рік тому +2

    Amazingly explained, thank you Mr

  • @maleeshapriyanjana7604
    @maleeshapriyanjana7604 Рік тому

    Great explanation with excellent illustrations. Even a person who is not having much knowledge can understand .

  • @jameshedrick9582
    @jameshedrick9582 Рік тому

    By far the best explanation of LED I've heard

  • @dhyana029
    @dhyana029 Рік тому +1

    Best ever tutorial on LED working principle. Thanks a lot sir.

  • @r.f.thompson4955
    @r.f.thompson4955 8 місяців тому

    Wow. Everything I wanted to know about LEDs! Thanks.

  • @video99couk
    @video99couk Рік тому +2

    8:35 No, unless your monitor is OLED (and very few are), you will not see LEDs there, rather LCD pixels. Even if it is a so-called LED monitor, that just means it's LED backlit. OLED is used on TVs and 'phones but rarely on monitors because of screen burn issues.

  • @AnthonyAntay
    @AnthonyAntay 5 місяців тому

    Great video and well explained, I am not into electrical engineering at all but I understood everything.

  • @richblaker9087
    @richblaker9087 Рік тому +1

    If someone plonks a mug of coffee with "Watts up?" written on the side, onto your working tray, the tray will always tip to one side. but the led won't roll off - that's what the flat bit is for.

  • @arunstube2703
    @arunstube2703 Рік тому

    Hats off to u man ... Love the explanation of how really an semiconductor works..

  • @arjumandvillagelife
    @arjumandvillagelife Рік тому

    great & useful video
    from Gilgit-Baltistan❤❤😊👍

  • @SpZ-w2f
    @SpZ-w2f 2 місяці тому

    This video helped me in my school seminar🙌🏿

  • @ThePickleSoup
    @ThePickleSoup Рік тому

    How interesting it is that this video came out right before I completed a class on this topic.

  • @robelpop78
    @robelpop78 Рік тому +3

    Great description! 👍🙏
    Could you make a video about oscillators? I'm curious to learn more about them.
    Also, what is a photon? I can see the light from my remote control with my naked eye, does that mean I can see infrared light?

    • @waterfaII
      @waterfaII Рік тому

      Humans can see infrared light under certain conditions.
      Infrared light has longer wavelengths and lower energy than visible light.
      The human eye is made of water, which absorbs infrared light at wavelengths just slightly longer than the deepest red color that humans can perceive. However, if infrared light is bright enough, and of short enough wavelength, then humans can perceive it as red.
      edit: that was bard, I am no that smart

  • @hasanthesyrian_
    @hasanthesyrian_ Рік тому

    Best video on LEDS by far

  • @AbdifataaxMohamedFarah
    @AbdifataaxMohamedFarah Рік тому

    I have been struggling understanding this since my untermediate school from now on i can explain to my brother. Thanks for your excellent expalantion. i was amazed.

  • @superspecialty5169
    @superspecialty5169 Рік тому +1

    Very informative, that’s why I’m a subscriber! 🤓🙃

  • @errorerror1337
    @errorerror1337 11 місяців тому

    Amazing video and easy to follow. Thank you!

  • @carlospulpo4205
    @carlospulpo4205 Рік тому

    3:46 That bulb has a step-down converter, never seen that before. The LED Edison style house bulbs that I seen have been chains of LEDS banks in series and parallel with almost no electronics aside from LEDS. I have cut the tracings on the PCB and re-configured the bulb to run off 12 or 24VDC instead of mains power. After I finish I can re-glue the dome back on and have an RV light.

  • @aasthasingh1176
    @aasthasingh1176 Рік тому

    Such a wonderful explanation with amazing graphics. I also loved your oooohhhhs and aaaahhhhhs 😂

  • @alizawahreh537
    @alizawahreh537 Рік тому

    The best explanation ever, you make it so easy to understand
    Keep going bro

  • @alanhurdle3949
    @alanhurdle3949 7 місяців тому

    Lol the first commercial no I just learning leds for now my invention have been out love the use of your spectrums I have to be careful I going down to many rabbit holes at once, but I got it you video is awesome thank you see hundreds of these kinds of videos your is the best so far

  • @Srinathji_Das
    @Srinathji_Das Рік тому +1

    Beautiful video! ❤

  • @luka7001
    @luka7001 Рік тому

    Great video please continue with common electronic components

  • @notsurt
    @notsurt Рік тому +2

    Most computer monitors are still LCDs which do not use per pixel LEDs.

  • @danielpardo7019
    @danielpardo7019 Рік тому

    FANTASTIC video! thank you!

  • @Pouyasin
    @Pouyasin 19 днів тому

    I think I just passed a course! Brilliant tutorial

  • @elreptiliano3678
    @elreptiliano3678 Рік тому +1

    Thank you for this amazing video!

  • @lander77477
    @lander77477 Рік тому

    9:12 the smell of a burning resistor is something you never want to smell

  • @khomo12
    @khomo12 10 місяців тому

    Very nicely explained!👍👍👍

  • @prakashdutt1520
    @prakashdutt1520 Рік тому +1

    00:19 so this is you 😮😊

    • @EngineeringMindset
      @EngineeringMindset  Рік тому +1

      I've been in the last 3 videos, also previously in ~4 videos. Some of the older ones I used to introduce the video

    • @prakashdutt1520
      @prakashdutt1520 Рік тому

      @@EngineeringMindset Nice... maybe I have not viewed those videos..😀
      Now i will view those also...

  • @mmcda2player97
    @mmcda2player97 Рік тому +1

    Thanks for this lesson❤️

  • @lander77477
    @lander77477 Рік тому +1

    8:36 those are not tiny LEDs inside the computer monitor, those are LCD pixels that are backlit with a few white LEDs. If you went to a large sports stadium and zoomed into their large screen, yes then you would see lots of LEDs that make up the picture, but thats not the case with an LCD computer monitor

  • @kipchickensout
    @kipchickensout Рік тому

    thanks for referring me to this, I still wonder how much you'd need to break an LED if you wire it up the wrong direction
    but it has answered so many other questions

  • @notchicken
    @notchicken 11 місяців тому

    Such clean videos, amazing content !!

  • @JackKnifeJoe9472
    @JackKnifeJoe9472 Рік тому

    The fact you gave about the remote is actually how I check the batteries in my remotes by aiming them at my camera and pressing a button

  • @sadokan5876
    @sadokan5876 Рік тому

    I know its lots of work to do and even more to edit the videos, and that sayed Resistor, multimeter and this vid. i like most. Most informative in my mind. Thank You.

    • @EngineeringMindset
      @EngineeringMindset  Рік тому

      Thanks, I've been trying hard to improve the content recently. Glad you enjoy them

  • @PaulinesPastimes
    @PaulinesPastimes Рік тому

    I love it. This one saved to my play list too. 😊✔

  • @94SL3
    @94SL3 3 місяці тому

    Surprisingly interesting topic!

  • @kaochanthorn
    @kaochanthorn Рік тому

    at 10:58, the positive terminal, is it supposed to be cathode or anode

  • @TheJogiraj
    @TheJogiraj Рік тому

    Really great insight, to those who want to learn about semiconductor basics

  • @danypell2517
    @danypell2517 Рік тому

    please keep adding to electrical engineering list!! Cover all basics and beyond pleasee

  • @sunneltakes
    @sunneltakes 11 місяців тому +1

    coming from the Veritasium video i was hoping the Blue LED construction would get more love but it was hardly mentioned

  • @oscar_charlie
    @oscar_charlie Рік тому +1

    There ate some LEDs out there where the larger plate (the anvil) is the anode. The flat spot is the only reliable method on through-hole LEDs to determine polarity.

    • @galfisk
      @galfisk Рік тому

      Yeah, I have some of those. They're not very common though.

    • @galfisk
      @galfisk Рік тому

      Yeah, I have some of those. They're not very common though.