Rotator Cuff Muscles - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim
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- Опубліковано 10 лют 2025
- Dr. Ebraheim's animated educational video describing muscles of the rotator cuff.
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscle; the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and the subscapularis .
These four rotator cuff muscles all originate from the scapula and insert into the proximal humerus .
Supraspinatus
The supraspinatus muscle arises from the supraspinous fossa and is inserted into the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus . The supraspinatus abducts the arm and stabilizes the humerus. A tear in the supraspinatus muscle will result in the inability to abduct the shoulder.
The supraspinatus and the infraspinatus muscles are both supplied by the suprascapular nerve (C5, C6), which arises from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus.
When testing the supraspinatus muscle, a physician can perform the Neer Impingement Test, Hawkin’s Test or the Jobe’s Test. In the Jobe’s test, the supraspinatus muscle is tested with the shoulder abducted to 90°, flexed to 30°, and maximally internally rotated. Downward pressure is resisted primarily by the supraspinatus muscle. Jobe’s test is probably the best test for this muscle function.
Infraspinatus
The infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle located on the posterior aspect of the scapula. It originates from the infraspinatus fossa and inserts into the middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. The infraspinatus is the primary external rotator with the arm to the side and it also helps to stabilize the humerus. External rotation of the shoulder occurs in conjunction with the teres minor.
The infraspinatus muscle and the supraspinatus muscles are supplied by the suprascapular nerve (C5,C6), which arises from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus .
When there is a tear of the infraspinatus muscle, the patient will have dysfunction with external rotation of the arm. The infraspinatus muscle is usually evaluated by testing the external rotation of the shoulder with the arm to the side, it is testing the external rotation of the arm against resistance. During the external rotation lag test, the examiner passively rotates the arm into full external rotation. The test is positive when the examiner lets go of the arm and the patient is unable to maintain the position of full external rotation.
Teres Minor
The teres minor originates at the lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of the scapula and it inserts at the greater tubercle of the humerus. The teres minor muscle is involved in external rotation of the arm along with the infraspinatus muscle (infraspinatus is the primary external rotator of the arm).
The teres minor muscle is innervates by the posterior branch of the axillary nerve (posterior cord C5, C6) .
When testing the teres minor, the physician will conduct the Horn Blower’s Test. This tests the external rotation with the arm held in 90° of abduction . The test is positive if the arm falls into internal rotation.
Subscapularis
The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle, which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder joint (Figure 12).The subscapularis rotates the head of the humerus medially (internal rotation) and adducts the arm. It is the internal rotator of the arm.
The subscapularis muscle is innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves (posterior cord C5, C6, C7).
The physician can test the subscapularis muscle by performing the Lift-off test. If the patient is unable to lift the hand off of the lower back, then a tear of the subscapularis tendon is suspected. The lift-off lag test is another test that may be utilized. The examiner will hold the patient’s hand away from the back at the lumbar region and let go. The patient will be unable to keep the hand away from the back if the tendon is torn. A third test that may be used is the belly-press test. The physician has the patient press the palm of the hand against the abdomen with the wrist in a neutral position, this is an example of an intact subscapularis tendon. A positive sign for the belly-press test occurs if the patient is unable to press his belly without wrist volar flexion or the elbow falling posteriorly.
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NO ONE CAN DO BETTER THAN YOU DR NABEEL. VERY SIMPLIFIED INFORMATION IN BEST ANIMATED DESIGN
Years of absolute misery trying not just to remember the rotator cuff muscles, but to understand them. All solved by your 8 min video! Thank you so much.
Wow just wow. I just had a full tear repair and this video wide open my eyes and understood it all. I'm 1 month in after surgery. Thank you for this video.
Dr Nabil your videos have helped me all through my surgeries. I can understand why I get so much pain in these areas. Your honestly the best
Các clip của thầy rất hay vì thầy đọc chậm rãi và quan trọng nhất là các hình ảnh phù hợp, rõ ràng cùng với những chú thích tiếng Anh bên cạnh. Nếu không nghe kịp thì nhờ những chú thích này mà người xem vẫn có thể hiểu được bài giảng. Cảm ơn thầy rất nhiều !
Sir I admire your presentations . That are beautifully delineated both anatomically, functionally including pathological process. Thanks to you for putting them in public presentations.
Simply the BEST graphic explanation on the internet. Congratulations and thank you for this unvaluable video! 👏👏👏
These 7 and a half minutes were very very useful! Thank you.
This video is absolutely brilliant for detail. The explanation of the area,and,the muscles involved is superb. It tells me exactly what I needed to now. Excellent,Dr Ebraheim.
BEAUTIFUL diagram and narration which will help me through comprehension of the anatomy/physiology rotator cuff info for the arthroscopy coming up to repair the tear.
Your videos are the best I've seen on the internet !!!🙏🙏🙏🙏 Thank you for posting 🙏🙏These are so helpful
Thank you so much as this is a most informative video for both patient medical students, nurses and for general inquiry. It throughly explains the origin and dynamics of pain from
my supraspinatus tendon and I'm able to understand the manipulations performed on me by my physiotherapist. Thank you so much! God bless!🙏🙏👏👏👏👍
Just recovering from my surgically fixed collarbone injury. 6 weeks on Physical Therapy. Now that my arms range of motion has improved. I feel more pain on my shoulders. PT never gave me a hint or explanations that I may have a rotator cuff injury. Instead kept telling me that my muscles need more time to recover, strength training takes time.
WTF! I cancelled my PT. This video explains very thoroughly.
Really good information.. Im an osteopath and find your videos easy to follow with precise good quality information on anatomy and testing. Thankyou.
Excellent video.Succinct and covers everything
I have potentially got to get a full shoulder replacement in 3 weeks, i have two bones spur locations that have torn my supraspinatus tendon, my subscapularis tendon and anterior/posterior labrum degenerative tearing. So my doc told me they will try to avoid a full shoulder replacement once they get into my shoulder, but he said due to my age i will more than likely need the full replacement surgery. I really dont want the full replacement, i saw videos of that surgery and it looks brutal and recovery time will be much longer. Thx for the video it cleared a few more things up for me.
I fractured my scapula. This video is helping me to understand the healing process.
one of the best describings I have seen on youtube
This was very helpful! I am trying to figure out how to proceed after injuring my shoulder in a fall. I am still not sure what is damaged, and how great the damage is. PT has helped me recover some, but I may need a reverse total shoulder replacement. Your video also gives me some clues as to why I have pain in my scapula when I lean back against anything - even soft surfaces. Thank you very much.
This best presentation I’ve seen !! This is amazing and I am so appreciative for this 🙏🏾💙
Superb, crystal clear explanations. Truly the best I have seen. Thanks!!!!!!!
Ur explanation is the bst sir , it's so easy to understand
Thank you very much ! Your teaching diagrams and cartoons are always clear and very instructive. We all benefit greatly !
Thank you for sharing with us your knowledge and expertise. I am one of the patients that wants to know more about their conditions and to u understand body mechanics. God bless you!
Thank you so much.for showing the video. It will help me to treat muscle cramped or muscle teared patient.
Perfectly clear and understandable! Thank you Doctor.
Thank you for your videos so clear and pedagogic for every one.
Very useful and very clear explanation. Thanks
3rd of your videos I watched. Extremely well done as usual.
You are a very good teacher .
The best lections of clinical examination!!! Thanks a lot!!!
Extremely Helpful. Thank you so much.
Great explanation of Rotator cuff
Thank you. You were very helpful with your lecture.
Oh my God... so much clear and informative without a bit confusion and perplexity.... waooo...just great and fantastic....i am gonna subscribe your channel immediately......
Very helpful video for physiotherapist thank you sir
❤ This was gold. Thank you!
Best lecture ever
Please consider US images to make even better
This was very helpful. I am studying for a test.
Wow. Your explanations are amazing. Thank you for the time you spend doing these.
Tysm for explaining In great 😊 manner
A wonderfull rotator cuff video teaching ever.
it is very helpful and easy to understand
Alhamdulillah! Jazakumullah khayr doctor💐
Best ever you tube channel I have seen of studying and imagination purpose of anatomy
Very good lecture, thank you🕊️
THANK YOU very much for this sabestantial material and nice narration!
U r really great...so nicely explained..
Excellent video. Thanks
Thank you so much nice explanation its very helpful to take the notes refresh or me thanks. Lot
THANK YOU! great video
your video should be shown in medical colleges
Thank you ! You helped me guess where my chronic pain (from biking ) is likely originating. The tests tell me it's probably my subscapularus (or tendon) that's the issue, lol
❤❤❤❤❤ спасибо большое за помощь
Thank you sir love from Indian
Thank u for clear explanation
Thank you sir! I love your channel and its content. Best wishes!
Very well explained
Awesome video
Very good video!! Thank you.
Nice work
Thank you!🌹❤️❤️
Best video ever!! thank you so much.
Very helpful!!!!! Thank you. 🙂
Tank
you for all.
Best explanation
THANK YOU VERY MUCH PROFESSIONEL EXPLICATION -I LEARN TO DISCUSS WITH MY DR-ANS PHYSIOTEAMS - BRGRS EX-TENNIS PLAYER
VERY HELPFUL!!! Thank you!!!
Sir please also upload some stretching or strengthen exercises for the related problem thank you
Yes
nice suggestion
Thank you,🙏🙏🙏
Thank you very much !
very good. Thank you for the detailed explanations and artwork.
Fantastic, thanks
Excellent, thanking you!!
Thank you for a very useful video :)
Great content and images! Thank you
Its very helpful .thanks
So much intersting ✨
Just well explaining videos.. !
Finally.....super informative
very helpfull thank you sir
EXCELLENT.AWESOME
Great video. Thank u!
I see somebody else is watching. How are you?
Thank you sir
Thank you so much!! Excellent video.
Thank you so much
That was well explained.
thank you so much!!
very well explained
sir
Dr.Nabil Ebrahim is like Netter educating orthopedics
Thank you so much
Brilliant.....
Awesome....very clear..
Thank you.indeed very helpful
I knew about this rotator cuff only after reading an article in NEWS PAPER. must see the video.
excellent!
Excellent. My rught shoulder, adjusted, but after 2 months, i am feeling pain while i move my shoulder to my back. What should i di sir, pl guide.
Great
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Supraspinatous : Abductor , Suprascapular Nerve : Neer / Hawkin / Jobe
Infra : external rotation, Suprascapular Nerve : Test Ext Rotation
T.minor : external rotation , axillary nerve : Horn blowers test
Subscapularis : internal rotation, upper /lower subscapular nerve : Lift off test , Belly press test
Very good
The best. Thank you very much
Please explain how to deal and manage if there is any affection of rotator cuff muscles. Thanks