The Future of Humanity's Energy No One Knows About | Terraform
Вставка
- Опубліковано 23 чер 2024
- We're in an energy and climate crisis, it's paradoxical. Hydrocarbons are powerful and portable, but limited and environmentally costly. For Episode 36 of S³ Terraform Industries goes in-depth and reveals how they're making natural gas from thin air.
Startup: terraformindustries.com/
0:00 Our energy paradox
1:56 The maths
3:39 The master plan
7:07 1/4 Reactor
10:55 2/4 Injection system
11:51 3/4 Direct air capture
13:33 4/4 Electrolyzer
14:37 Next milestone
17:38 My thoughts...
Blog ✍️
saturdaystartups.beehiiv.com/
Socials 📱
/ jasonjoyride 🐦 | / jasonjoyride 📸 | / jason-carman-63b384199 👨🏼💼 | www.jasoncarman.com/s3 💻
Patreon Supporters of S³
Alex Balfanz
A B
Tony Coffman
Founder speaks in 2x Speed 😅
Casey goes F A S T
Had to check if UA-cam was on 2x 😅
I put him on 0.75x.
@@s3_build I'm also a founder of a robotics company hoping to come in your video by the end of this year after making some significant progress!
I have to watch most videos at 2-3x speed (adhd)...this I had to watch at parity to understand on crappy speakers XD
See kids ADHD isn't necessarily a restraining factor when it comes to innovation and creativity if you apply it in the right way you too can be like this guy
Autism.
dude adhd is a racecar brain, git gud
Most people with adhd are problematic and their to unsmart to see that themselves
@@kingmasterlordExactly, extremely difficult to maintain, incompatible with most roads yet very effective at a few select things.
@@Adriaticus broad spectrum information intake and high speed analysis of same, parsing all that is a pain but you see _everything_
im subbing just because dude's verbal bandwidth smokes the competition.
its speed up
@@oudekraal7460nah this is just how he speaks lol all his videos are like this
6:35 "Door or no door" 😂😂 Love the recent news reference
Take that burn Boeing 😁
But seriously now this bloke is on Big Oil AND Boeing's hit list...
I love this dude!
Incredibly smart, loves what he is talking about, loves teaching about it, he understands the economics, he understands the engineering and how they fit together. I love that energy!
And how you presented him and his company was amazing too, you let hm tell the whole story, that is a great interviewing skill. S3 has already become my new favorite engineering channel. Very much reminds me of the honeypot documentaries but for engineering stuff and not for software.
I can't believe this channel is as young as it is.
Please keep on doing what you are doing for a long time. ❤
Watched this at 0.75x speed. 😂
But holy smokes! Casey is amazing and clearly a genius. I'm blown away by Terraform's proposition and I hope they can crack it, especially the $1/kg Hydrogen.
I'm not smart enough to keep up with this guy 😂. I did the same thing lol
thanks man, i could not keep up with wat he was saying
Man... you are becoming my favorite channel. Each video is such a top class content. I really wish you the quickest road towards few millions of subs.
It's all about cost. Five plus years ago I saw a story about someone doing similar in Britain. They were doing direct air capture and water electrolysis, the only difference was their reactor creates liquid hydrocarbons for use in an ICE tractor. Their rector setup wasn't cheap.
You sure it wasn't him? He is a Brit after all.
greatest youtube channel i ever stumbled upon... I'm so inspired every time. I would love to work with this man, he is the best type of teacher if you are genuinely curious
Incredible video! Thanks to S3 and Terraform Industries for sharing
And a whiteboard with excellent penmanship….TRULY ASTONISHING 🥳
Thanks for the content S3 ☺️
Man Casey is one of the most interesting and genuine person that I have seen for quite a long time. Just wow!!
So thank you for an awesome video and for sharing the work they are doing!
The technology seems really promising, but I need to see the numbers. Does the solar generation minus the conversion and transportation losses provide significant value over just using the solar directly on the grid during the day?
That does sound very logical. If I have 1 MWh produced by solar then utilize that MWh to suck C02 out of sky via DAC then convert the CO2 to fuel my cost is 1 MWh of energy + opex and how many units of energy did I get out? It would need to be more than 1 MWh just to break even.
@@davidtiessen7713 Yep. The thing that people don't seem to understand is that everything is a trade-off; nothing is free. We have to look at power solutions wholistically.
knowing people like this irl is rare I love this personality type gives ya a warm feeling when they rant about interests
wonder what the entire efficiency of the system is, seems like it involves multiple energy-intensive steps, direct air capture, water electrolysis, and the conversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to hydrocarbons.
I think he s pretty clear it s not very efficient so you d have to build more solar than with other systems, But the argument is that it will be much more realistically deployable at large scale (not really using new tech or materials), and competitive economimcally than building a full electric+batter+new very efficiient technologies and infrastructure worldwide that use either hydogen, nuclear, ect... Build something simple and ready to use that easely convices people it s not worth getting oil out of the ground, that s it in a nutshell
About 20% in most applications.
Hydrocarbons just suck in most efficiency comparisons with electricity:
A gas heater can be max 100% efficient, a heat pump can do 300%. Electric cars system efficiency ~80% vs. ~35% combustion.
It will have a place in hard to replace applications like medium and long haul aviation.
@@jakobcreatesIt's debatable for even aviation when you could go to high speed electric trains at 3-6 times more efficient. This whole video is like "if we ignore efficiency then we can burn unlimited methane.". But why not just plug solar into your motors with cables and do 10x more work with the saved efficiency?
Sure transmission is a pain but with AI automation we could be creating and maintaining a very impressive grid.
@@matthewthomsondev absolutely agree, but no train will get you to Australia 😉 Electricity transmission is also not that inefficient, just requires proper infrastructure. And when you leak methane you release a super potent GHG.
Most people miss the biggest problem. The CO2, in order to drive the reaction you need high concentrations of CO2. There is far more energy in just the cooking of cement and making the cement than in the methane output.
Other options are from cryogenic cooling of air but the yield is very poor. 0.04% so the mismatch of production output would also be extremely in-efficient.
This is a stupid idea. Bio fuel is way more feasible. For both direct use and feed stock.
Its like looking at Bezo's before he was filthy rich.
nah bezos was always a software guy, never much for hardware and engineering beyond computers
@@Patrick-jj5nh "it's LIKE looking at"
Finally I watched it completely and this is just amazing. 17:00 speaks the volume and depth of his genuineness.
He is next level genius
one thing that is always forgotten in schemes like this is the transportation of the end product... natural gas and that to transport large amounts of it quickly so pumps and pipelines are needed, one also must not forget that both natural gas and hydrogen MUST be liquified to be of any practical use in motor vehicles (land, sea and air) and even when liquified (which also requires a huge amount of energy (NG requires about 40% of the energy content to cool and compress) that it must be kept refrigerated, not just below freezing but below dry ice temps... so long term storage in not practical... an NO discoveries will change this fact as the critical temps of both NG and H are physical laws and their overall densities are much below gasoline and diesel fuel so require much more room to store, 4-5x for H2 in liquid form,
The process also seems like it will use a lot of water, both for the electolysis and the DAC cyle. I wonder where they are going to get all that water in the middle of the desert.
@@lukem6495 look up qanats.
Perfectly done. The words that come out of KCs mouth are really something to pause and think about
I like that in intro the finite aspect of hydrocarbons is the focus not always cc
Awesome video, great content! Love to see this stuff! Keep it up! Good luck to terraform big problems to solve, can’t wait to see what they do
Great episode. I wish that you'd linked casey's blog and twitter in the description, especially after telling us to visit them.
Excellent video. Casey speaks very well and the idea could be extremely impactful.
brilliant brilliant, love this channel, thank you for what you do
Great video stay on the course and stay blessed
Man, you are fast and funny! curious and courageous! Go on - all the best :)
I like the way you think, I am a firm believer in design/build what is needed!
I knew I should have paid more attention in chemistry class --- very interesting tech!
Amazing episode. If we take this technology and combine it with other innovative energy systems, humanity will have a bright future. Thanks for sharing.
Love it! Our kind is growing ;) Greetings from Germany
The problem is not scarcity of electricity (just burn coal for that; never mind those global warming idiots).
The problem is transportation fuel - gasoline and diesel (mostly gasoline). Nations go to war over gasoline the way they went to war over spices (yes, countries fought wars over spices).
The only thing an ordinary consume should be worried about is how to cheaply synthesize gasoline. South Africans/SASOL had been doing it for decades.
Figure how to do that and you'll be Nobel-prized 10 times over.
This is great work that will hopefully see roll out very soon. It is a continuation of work first demonstrated by Proffesor Tony Marmont in the UK back in 2010. The equipment which fits in a shipping container still sits on his land in Leicestershire (pronounced lestersheer). I am sad to have heard yesterday that Tony passed away about ten days ago after dedicating his life to supporting innovation around the world especially in renewable energy. Casey, like Tony is a pioneer and this tech needs everyone's support to ensure we achieve a cleaner world and really begin to seriously address climate change.
Much more enjoyable video at .75x, im wondering if sped up in post processing. Great video!
Super cool! He is one of the openminded positive creators of our future. I dont like chemistry in school but it really can come alive.
I hope this guy's project pulls through. This would be revolutionary.
Absolutely amazing 🚀🚀
what a brilliant man and a brilliant idea!
this is increadible - great edit
You guy's are amazing!!!
If this is sitting somewhere in the desert, where does the large volumes of water come from that is required?
The air - that was the entire point - water and carbon collected from the air for the power cost of solar panels.
@@UnexpectedMaker okay, I thought he was doing the electrolysis separately to the other process of capturing carbon dioxide. I've seen tech before that captures moisture out of the air and it takes a very large surface area and a long time to get anything significant. I can't imagine to make the amount of hydrogen he's talking about one could get enough water to do that at scale just from the air??
@@UnexpectedMakerbut it’s in the desert, I think was the point. Places not typically known for having lots of water
@UnexpectedMaker There is not much water in desert air.
Yeah somehow i think a lot of the math doesnt check out on this, not only the water in the desert. Hydrogen electrolysis is too expensive on its own, and here it is a stepping stone to turn it back into methane by adding more complexity. Using solar directly is smart though
Very interesting work and well presented. A few questions; where will you get enough fresh water in the desert for the solar array reactor? Have you thought about using thermal solar to heat up the water? I know there is some cutting edge solar arrays being designed and built using mirrors and evacuated tubes to generate large amounts of heat to drive turbines, storing the heat in molten salts used as a battery. You might implement something like this in your reactor for a heat source. ?. Thanks for sharing and keep up the good work.
This guys is a mad man, I love it
This was a fun and interesting video. I hope it works out!
you need 15982 horses to match the power output of a 747
Good one, Be Happy!😊
Brilliant! Thank you!
This guy's talking speed scratches my brain in a good way. Finally I don't have to speed a video up.
Finally, someone who talks fast enough for my brain!
Really fantastic solution!!
thats a great idea and i truly hope you will succeed in the market with it
I have never been this inspired. Thank you for this.
I found this episode great! The one thing I would suggest make this kind of content even better, would be to have a critical voice somewhere. What do "traditional minds" think of these kind of ideas? If the chemistry tech is from last century, why was this not done 10 years ago?
Basically because oil is too cheap and solar panels until recently were too expensive.
@@KatharineOsborneWe've ignored the externalities in fossil energy & that's why they're so "cheap." As we are seeing climate change causes crop failures & increases the frequency & severity of natural disasters. Those are very expensive consequences for ignoring the true cost of an energy source.
this is incredible, i have been fascinated by electrolysis for so long and came across other vids from some universities about electrolysis and hydrocarbon synthesis, thank you so much and i intend on studying your work and using it for inspiration!! like in usa we in aus have tremendous solar potential, thanks again ^__^
In over 10 years of watching UA-cam this is the first video I’ve watched entirely through on 0.75x, that’s impressive
Bro you guys are going places
Love this! The fact that we can harness the power of the sun is pretty cool
Excellent video. Make more similar.
This was great, altho I felt a bit like I was getting scammed. He's so transparent about everything... except the hard economic numbers. How can you talk with a straight face about supplying all the energy for all the people on the entire planet and not respond to all the critics who say this simply can't make economic sense at this point in time or any time soon? You can do anything with chemistry except for alchemy so the numbers are the most interesting part! Great video tho and seems like a genuine company.
Making methane from waist carbon or carbon capture is a great technology to be developing for wide scale implementation. In the not to distant future, this will be the primary means of obtaining the hydrocarbons needed to maintain our standard of living and technical infrastructure.
Thanks for your efforts. I hope you can make a cost-effective system and lead us into the future of continuing prosperity.
On the right road. Space is the proving ground. Thx for the vids.
This sounds like something we as humanity needs to invest more time and money.
Wow amazing. Even if he doesn't succeed, theres so much cool research going on here that will find an application in the future. Good job.
Some things take time and this vid is necessary
Great project
Very good ❤
Super cool. Hope this goes well.
I´ve been thinking about putting the solar arrays on huge ships that operates close to the poles to increase the daylight time. These will unload the fuel as is done today since they are ships.
Ships are expensive and I have not done the math, but ships will be needed to move the fuel anyways I think. Running a system like this works pretty bad during winter, when the need for fuel is the greatest (if you live far from the equator).
Keep going!
Super cool.... so long as the sun shines.
I had to apply .75x playback speed for the first time.
I normally set the speed of 1,25x but now I was struggling to follow, indeed!
Now here's a problem solver when it comes to climate. A breath of fresh air compared to all of the problem creators.
Amazing, what a genious!
Total genius! Where can I invest? 👍👍👍
3:36 perhaps the most inspiring statement I’ve ever heard
This was awesome to watch! Makes me wish there was a Minecraft mod that I could part take in this too haha.
I love this!!!
A good market for a more compact version of this setup would be the RV market. You could eliminate the need for propane tanks and have the machine run the entire thing. A generator would be used for the excess to top up the batteries while the machine constantly runs the fridge, air conditioning/ heating, Stove and Oven. It would be a great test of the system’s capabilities as well.
What is the energy input to output ratio?
Energy required to create the fuel source and then converted back to energy?
@headrobotics He mentioned that he will use cheap solar when grid don't need it (when price is lowest) and electric heating is more expensive than gas heating (depending on solar demand price). I also would liked more numbers.
The value is not specified in the video, but hypothetically, for a scaled up and mature process, an overall process efficiency of around 50% is plausible. In other words, 2 kWh solar electricity input, for producing 1 kWh thermal energy stored in the form of methane (CH4) gas. For a less than fully optimized and mature process, 25% efficiency will be more realistic.
This is not exactly a "good" ratio, if one only considers that humans currently already burn substantial amounts of natural gas (primarily methane) for producing electricity (often at 50% thermodynamic efficiency or less, so 2 kWh stored methane thermal energy input, for 1 kWh electricity output).
Basically, it makes more economic sense to deploy solar panels, and then to use the solar panel derived electricity to reduce natural gas consumption rates for producing electricity. This will have a much larger effect on reducing global CO2 emissions of human society, compared to trying to use the solar electricity to produce natural gas (to then burn it to produce electricity again, as this requires essentially 4x the number of solar panels, compared to using the solar electricity directly as electricity). Batteries are also a much more efficient means of storing electricity (with round trip charge/discharge efficiencies over 95% for lithium ion and lithium iron phosphate chemistries), compared to synthetic methane production and storage. Producing electricity derived methane, and then later burning it as an electricity storage means, will have around 25% or less round trip efficiency.
However, in a hypothetical future where enough solar panels are built and deployed to meet 100% of societal electricity needs, one needs to "over deploy" the number of solar panels by a not insignificant amount, so as to accommodate cloudy day and winter conditions. For example, if humans want to run their civilization entirely on solar panels, it makes sense to have 3x (or more) of the number of solar panels theoretically required for meeting peak demand, since even on cloudy days, one still usually gets at least 1/3 of normal (full sun) production values from the solar photovoltaic panels. If society deploys solar panels 3x that theoretically needed on sunny days, then the electric grid will be rather stable, even with minimal batteries being deployed. Solar panels are also sufficiently cheap these days (within the last four years or so), that it does make good economic sense to over deploy solar panels, more so than building large quantities of grid storage batteries, at least in many cases.
However, if you do this 3x over deployment of solar panels, then you end up with a massive amount of electricity "surplus" on fully sunny days (ex: 2/3rd of your production on those days is "surplus"). On those days, it totally makes sense to use the "surplus" electricity to do some lower priority industrial activities that will still be useful for society. Such lower priority industrial activities can include doing water electrolysis to produce the hydrogen needed for CH4 and other synthetic hydrocarbon production, and/or for powering kilns for converting the calcium carbonate used in the DAC (direct air capture of CO2) process, into useful CO2 and regenerated calcium oxide, that can then be mixed with water to make calcium hydroxide, that then absorbs and concentrates atmospheric CO2 to produce calcium carbonate (which then gets fed back into the kiln to repeat the process).
In other words, if you want to ever truly reach a "net zero" CO2 economy, it totally does make sense and is necessary to invest in DAC + water electrolysis + synthetic CH4 and other hydrocarbon production. Longer chain hydrocarbons are also still needed for making plastics and other hydrocarbon derived non-fuel materials used in human society (like some pesticides, some types of rubber compounds, many other non-metal/glass/wood materials and chemicals, etc.). The process described in this video produces CH4, but it is also possible to use a "Fischer-Tropsch" process to produce longer chain hydrocarbons (essentially a synthetically produced "crude oil" substitute, that can be fed into crude oil refineries to produce the normal array of hydrocarbon products that are still needed by human society, even in a "net zero" CO2 economy).
extraordinary.
6:35 This is a good point, but the _issue_ with outsourcing energy requirements to non-human-respiratory areas, is that it produces high-entropy waste. It's not as collectively efficient as burning ATP, since that burns pretty hot as is, and the waste products can be further metabolised.
CO2+ Hydrogen + Heat + Pressure can => NG knew it!!! Good work guys!!! What about a centrifugal skimmer to separate C02 from air?
The hero we need
EXCELLENT :D
Nice castle!
Inspiring
Finally someone who can hild my attention
Can you burn the flare off methane in the calcium carbonate machine, or would that have an adverse reaction?
vertical hydroponic algae oil takes care of all the hydrocarbon issues here in earth, a few companies are doing it worldwide.
The problem is not scarcity of electricity (just burn coal for that; never mind those global warming idiots).
The problem is transportation fuel - gasoline and diesel (mostly gasoline). Nations go to war over gasoline the way they went to war over spices (yes, countries fought wars over spices).
The only thing an ordinary consume should be worried about is how to cheaply synthesize gasoline. South Africans/SASOL had been doing it for decades.
Figure how to do that and you'll be Nobel-prized 10 times over.
Link?
Protect this man at all costs!
So what is the energy efficiency?
Panels are cheap but only 20% efficient. Gas turbines are only 20-30% efficient. Making fuel on Mar has no price, because it has to be done. You can't economically take fuel for a return trip.
@@andrewradford3953 Idrc about mars rn, and I understand the energy density, cost, and familiarity of methane are very attractive qualities for many industries so this technology probably has a future but the conversion efficiency metric is important information, even for Mars applications, I at least would like to know
i think is argument is that it does not matter.
if i understand him, he thinks we can waste a lot of cheap solar energy which is easy to get but hard to store/transport,
in favour of creating hydrocarbons from the existing CO2 in the air with a loss.
we will loose energy, but if its cheap enough we wont need to burn fossil fuels and add more CO2.
most probably extremely bad
Efficient isn't the point, it's the amount of free energy from the Sun, using plentiful cheap components, at a competitive production cost.
Its only about 20% Efficient, but if it costs less than drilling, and removes excessive co2, it's a winner.
I think I'm falling in love!!!🤩
How does this method of carbon capture compare to that proposed by Spiritus Technologies ?
Amazing company, technology and vision! Battery technology could allow you keep running through the night, if you could store enough energy during the day :)
Looks like a great company to work for
Glad you mentioned Tesla ,early on Elon put a lot of info out as open source for the same reason you mentioned. Hopefully the implementation will be as efficient as Tesla factories!
Absolutely solid thinking. Get stuff /done/. OK, next for economy is taking that methane and forming it it into kerosene or other room-temperature liquid hydrocarbons with much higher densities and ease of transport, plus much lower global-warming potential if released into the atmo.
man u videos r amazing
I wonder what the cost per kw would be to store energy like that, and how much it can make by being used at peak times e.g past sundown relative to other energy options.
Awesome
What is the efficiency conversion between the solar and the natural gas produced?
Can you imagine a DIY solution similar to a power wall that can be in a garage or basement etc that has access to solar and external venting to produce independent natural gas per household
the channel name being s3 and seeing the word terraform in the title had me expecting this to be a cloud computing related vid lol