As an automotive ASE Master Tech since 1978, now retired, you are a younger tech who has mastered this procedure on the rack and pinion type used. I am proud to see proper procedures, tools and the shop made stuff that works. We all have simple to perhaps more complex tools in our tool box somewhere over time. Working in straight axles replacing king pins, bushings, then reeming to fit and that special large bearing, to recirculating ball gear boxes then bunches of steering racks on GM’s. First, the black seals, then green and finally the harder Teflon versions. For a period on time, stainless steel thin sleeves where pressed into the control head. At some point, I think they changed the alloy and still use the Teflon seals. Great job on the workmanship and your attention to the viewers, from a retired ASE Master Tech. Job well done!
Jgizzy -redacted- probably a good reason to get a Russian to do it for ya ....or an ole mechanic who knows how to “adapt n improvise”. A couple of us did this in Cambodia back in ‘75while out in the middle of nowhere but had tools from the maintenance unit tools from motor pool..... just sayin. !!! Wouldn’t do it again if I have 300-400 bucks to buy one and prey the dude who rebuilt it knew what he was doin ... RDL. . PJ Class of 1974
Great video I repair rack and pinions for a living in the US and buddy tools have came along way ..like seal pullers and Teflon ring reducers so you don't have to stretch with fingers ..I use a pick and if the get alil stretched out the reducers will tighten them right back up.. keep up the good work I have thousands of rack and pinion units under my belt
Nice rebuild, one of the cleanest I've ever seen. Anyways it's my job also, but I love watching others to learn more because no one knows it all. Thanks for this great video.
I learned an ecellent idea from you. Today, I just finished rebuilding/ overhauling the hydraulic power steering rack of my mitsubishi car by following your video. So helpful. thank you.
This is by far the best and most informative video of removing and installing parts i've ever seen. Hope all your future vids are like this. Thank a lot and God bless. Always stay safe..
hey man i really like the way you dissasemble and assemble the rack and pinion. you really show the components in every part you assemble at the same time tricks or gimmicks in where it can be done on your own man. really hoping for a lot of tutorials about cars system. more power to your channel man.
I have rebuilt a few Holden Commodore power steering racks right from a 1988 to a 2002 model which are basically all Kirby-Bishop power steering racks so I used the same information to rebuild them,the differences between how Holden & Toyota say to do it is like this :- - The Teflon seals should be soaked in boiling hot water to expand the seals so they can be easily fitted -The power steering rack teeth must be centralised & the pinion gear needs to be timed so that the steering wheel is in the straight ahead position - The rack pad adjusting screw is to be set at 12 Newton Metres of torque then backed off by 30° or 1/2 a flat of the hex shape in the middle of the rack pad adjusting screw while the rack pad & pinion gear is timed & centralised. - The kit comes with new O rings so I replace the O ring for the torsion rod which is held in place to the pinion input shaft by a 4 millimetre diameter of Dowel pin,I replace all the O rings on the pinion (spool) valve assembly I used an old beer bottle to stretch the Teflon seals out a bit over the neck of the bottle & I used the plastic off a soft drink bottle when fitting the new Teflon seals to prevent them from getting damaged, that's happened on a couple of power steering racks that I rebuilt. I test the power steering racks before fitting the tie rods because I need to make sure that it won't leak,Holden didn't tell me to fit them beforehand. It would be a similar procedure for the power steering racks in the Australian built Fords who sourced their power steering racks from the same supplier. It's a bit like when Dana bought Borg Warner out in Australia,the procedure for rear differential overhaul pretty much remained the same !
Amazing, thank you! Wish I had found this earlier as I pulled apart my 2005 Hyundai Elantra and had lots of trouble. The power steering rack design is almost identical!
Thank you,sir.Very nice work.Excellent instruction for any regular guy or gal who may be considering doing such a rebuild.But,like you, I agree it is a better option to obtain refurbished or new.Thanks.
Přínosné video, děkuji za něj! Ale měl bych pár výhrad například k nasazování O-kroužků. V dnešní době 3D tiskáren bych si vyrobil kužel a jednoduše kroužky navlékl bez nutnosti roztahování, které, si myslím, není zrovna vhodné. Dále je nutné kroužky a hřídelová těsnění mazat, aby se nasazováním nepoškodila a šla snadněji instalovat. Ale jinak ještě jednoho děkuji za ukázku přestavby!😊
Probably because he puts steering fluid in the pinion housing, which will degrade the grease that is supposed to be there (that area should never see PSF), and the fact he uses vice grips on the splines repeatedly (a piece of leather or some tape on the vice grip jaws would make that unnecessary, assuming you don't just turn it by hand). He also doesn't count the number of turns needed to remove the tie rod ends so he knows how to position the new ones. That last one is the least critical, as it just means you spend more time doing the alignment. It is a very helpful video overall, so I wouldn't downvote it. Including a few ways to potentially ruin your steering rack is reason enough for many people to downvote it, though.
And many thanks for sparing us from noise/musak; great video,man ( the only thing,you could also have measured for us the 8 mm bar you used to turrn and coil in, the retaining wire and the rack stopper, in its transversal dimension; it actually needs not be 8 mm; 4 or 6 mm is ok too) Big thanks.
Super video! What is the most common reason for a power steering failure, except for an oil leak? Got a 2012 C5 Citroen, with 3rd generation Hydractive suspension. I lost the power steering gradually and now it is heavy on the steering wheel.
@@3gcraftsman if a lower mileage car that sees 20,000 plus miles per year on less than ideal roads - and one you plan to keep for a while : Toyota rack. Shop around as there are deals
Thanks for the video. The power steering on my old Nissan Primera has too much play. I'm thinking about whether to attempt to rebuild the power steering myself. It isn't economic to get someone else to do it. Many places quoted me over $1200 to remove the power steering, send it off for a rebuild and then refit it.
Your best bet is honestly to buy a remanufactured rack and replace the old one if you're willing and able to remove the rack in your primera. Removing steering racks from primeras is a very difficult endeavor, if you aren't mechanically inclined i would not recommend doing it yourself. Plus it's probably not your steering rack causing the play, it's likely most either your inner or outer tie rods, or less likely your wheel hub bearings.
Not for the faint of heart to take this on! My Ranger is so hard to steer it’s given me shoulder and back problems, so I’m looking for another vehicle! Changed the pump, flushed the system, didn’t help. Thanks for sharing!
Best video on the whole internet on power steering rack rebuild. I just completed a Toyota Starlet rebuild with no previous experience thanks to you. One question, almost every inner tie rod replacement video show using blue loctite on end to rack, is loctite really necessary or is bending the claw washers enough to prevent backing off?
Very helpful and interesting video. Thank you Man. Like. I have problems with my car (steering) ... And was trying to know what is the problem and fix it . Thanks you.
Hi. Thank you for the informative video. I have a 2010 camry 4 cyl 2.5 liter. The right side is boot is wet with oil. I would assume it is leaking from the right side seal. I'm hoping to replace the seal without taking the rack off. Do you think it is possible to replace the seal without taking the rack off the car? If so, how would you recommend taking the seal out? I see from your video at 11:49 that you remove the seal. That is the seal that I'm asking if possible to remove without taking the rack off. Would you suggest turn on the car and then turn the steering wheel to force the seal out after the cylinder end stopper is removed ? Thank you.
As I know, there is an electric power steering rack with no oil. But I'm not sure. That's an interesting idea. You would need another person to shut the car off ride away. It's is gonna be messy:-)
I would consider using a clear plastic bag to contain the mess. clear so that I can still see inside. I would also wrap around a towel on the tube in case the seal shoots out with lot of pleasure. The 2.5 4 cylinder gas is hydraulic oil. The 2010 2.4 hybrid might be electric and no oil. 2010 - 2017 2.5 4 cylinder gas is electric. I have a 2013 2.5 gas that has no steering fluid reservoir. Would you consider doing a video of what I described? You showed the tool 09631-10021to remove the end stopper. Do you have any advice how I may be able to find out the tool that works on my 2010 Camry?
Hi, Wow! This is not mechanism this an art work brilliant stuff, can you tell where are you guys based coz I want to get my Toyota auris hydrid steering rack done? Thanks keep up the good work
Before you start you should have cleaned off all the dirt from the outside of the assembly, that way it is easier to handle and stops dirt getting ingested
Great video, I am going to try this rebuild next year. the special grease was acrylic? i noticed you used a torque wrench for a lot of the tightening but, most of the time, didn't mention the foot pound/Nm. I presume some torque specs for the rack and pinion must be very specific. or does it not matter s much as I believe?
@Olga Dinis > Like recirculating ball gear boxes, rack and pinion gears subject to wear while driving straight ahead, making small adjustments left & right, over time may wear. If the rotational force drops in the center position or backlash is detected in this location one inch (25.4mm) left or right, then the gear is worn and has to be replaced. If the “Pre-Load” adjustment is off or the spring is broken (Shown in this video) then backlash and low rotational force will be present the entire length of travel, then perhaps it can be fixed. The tech in the video has shown the “nuts & bolts” of the racks parts. But pre-checks due to complaint is requirement using feel, the touch and knowledge of what “Can Go” wrong inside before passing judgement on replacement or repair. This is a talented tech, but there is a lot more to it as other parts like wheel bearings, ball joints, tie rod ends or simply worn mount bushings. Best of luck. ASE Master Tech since 78 - Retired
As an automotive ASE Master Tech since 1978, now retired, you are a younger tech who has mastered this procedure on the rack and pinion type used. I am proud to see proper procedures, tools and the shop made stuff that works. We all have simple to perhaps more complex tools in our tool box somewhere over time. Working in straight axles replacing king pins, bushings, then reeming to fit and that special large bearing, to recirculating ball gear boxes then bunches of steering racks on GM’s. First, the black seals, then green and finally the harder Teflon versions. For a period on time, stainless steel thin sleeves where pressed into the control head. At some point, I think they changed the alloy and still use the Teflon seals. Great job on the workmanship and your attention to the viewers, from a retired ASE Master Tech. Job well done!
I don't even work on these models of rack but must say the quality of this video is excellent. Lots of detail, and no stupid music. Thanks.
Am a steering engineer by profession I work and repair all kinds of steering pump and racks
Thanks for not using fast forward and not skipping any steps on the video. Very good guide.
BY FAR the best demonstration on how to rebuild a modern steering rack and pinion. Great job!
Jgizzy -redacted- probably a good reason to get a Russian to do it for ya ....or an ole mechanic who knows how to “adapt n improvise”. A couple of us did this in Cambodia back in ‘75while out in the middle of nowhere but had tools from the maintenance unit tools from motor pool..... just sayin. !!! Wouldn’t do it again if I have 300-400 bucks to buy one and prey the dude who rebuilt it knew what he was doin ... RDL. . PJ Class of 1974
I agree with this impression. No music distractions throughout. Good presentation
This has got to be one of the best videos on rebuilding PS rack!
yes i think so
finally someone who pays attention to details
Hands down the best video on UA-cam on how to rebuild a steering rack.
Thanks.
Great video I repair rack and pinions for a living in the US and buddy tools have came along way ..like seal pullers and Teflon ring reducers so you don't have to stretch with fingers ..I use a pick and if the get alil stretched out the reducers will tighten them right back up.. keep up the good work I have thousands of rack and pinion units under my belt
Bless you sir. The world need more trades men!
But that is shade tree/third world rebuilding....a true budget build
One of the best, cleanest and well organised steering rack rebuild I've seen in youtube. Kudos 👍👍👍
I never have see Kudos .How can I see or find Kudos.
Kudos
Kudos
Nice rebuild, one of the cleanest I've ever seen.
Anyways it's my job also, but I love watching others to learn more because no one knows it all.
Thanks for this great video.
This fixed my whole steering wheel issue. My cruise control and other buttons on my wheel weren’t working. Now they are. THANK YOU!
Cruise control wouldn’t have anything to do with this??
I've watched about seven or eight videos on rebuilding rack & pinions this week, and by far - this one is the best! ❤Thank you! 💕
I learned an ecellent idea from you. Today, I just finished rebuilding/ overhauling the hydraulic power steering rack of my mitsubishi car by following your video. So helpful. thank you.
Almost asked how to get the Special Tool and you answered faster than I could type! Thank you!
very briefly mentioned how to repair a hydraulic power steering, thanking you
Excellent job. I appreciate you showing all the detail, your special tools and the OEM repair part numbers. This looks to be a fairly involved job.
Zadovoljstvo je gledati sa kakvim majstorstvom i pedantnošću obavljate posao.Svaka čast,mladiću 👍🏻
This is by far the best and most informative video of removing and installing parts i've ever seen. Hope all your future vids are like this. Thank a lot and God bless. Always stay safe..
hey man i really like the way you dissasemble and assemble the rack and pinion. you really show the components in every part you assemble at the same time tricks or gimmicks in where it can be done on your own man. really hoping for a lot of tutorials about cars system. more power to your channel man.
Ghghghmkhmgmhhvvhvjbvvvvgvjvhvgvvhgvjvvjvjjvgjghhh
Gggh
Obviously a professional. I'd hire this guy in a heartbeat.
Am a steering engineer by profession I work and repair all kinds of steering pump and racks..
You don't look like the guy doing the rebuild??@@PrinceSteering-nh9mj
@@PrinceSteering-nh9mjwhere do you live
I have rebuilt a few Holden Commodore power steering racks right from a 1988 to a 2002 model which are basically all Kirby-Bishop power steering racks so I used the same information to rebuild them,the differences between how Holden & Toyota say to do it is like this :-
- The Teflon seals should be soaked in boiling hot water to expand the seals so they can be easily fitted
-The power steering rack teeth must be centralised & the pinion gear needs to be timed so that the steering wheel is in the straight ahead position
- The rack pad adjusting screw is to be set at 12 Newton Metres of torque then backed off by 30° or 1/2 a flat of the hex shape in the middle of the rack pad adjusting screw while the rack pad & pinion gear is timed & centralised.
- The kit comes with new O rings so I replace the O ring for the torsion rod which is held in place to the pinion input shaft by a 4 millimetre diameter of Dowel pin,I replace all the O rings on the pinion (spool) valve assembly
I used an old beer bottle to stretch the Teflon seals out a bit over the neck of the bottle & I used the plastic off a soft drink bottle when fitting the new Teflon seals to prevent them from getting damaged, that's happened on a couple of power steering racks that I rebuilt.
I test the power steering racks before fitting the tie rods because I need to make sure that it won't leak,Holden didn't tell me to fit them beforehand.
It would be a similar procedure for the power steering racks in the Australian built Fords who sourced their power steering racks from the same supplier.
It's a bit like when Dana bought Borg Warner out in Australia,the procedure for rear differential overhaul pretty much remained the same !
So how we can know the exact time of the pinion gear
well reading this post made me buy a new rack
Excellent video. You are very skilled. I have 215k miles on my rack (2006 Matrix) and no leaks. I change the fluid (Dex/Merc ATF) every 40-50k miles.
You did this with the basic tools and tools you made . 👍
Amazing, thank you! Wish I had found this earlier as I pulled apart my 2005 Hyundai Elantra and had lots of trouble. The power steering rack design is almost identical!
Extremely thorough video, thank you man!
You are real Mechanic! Thank you
Thank you,sir.Very nice work.Excellent instruction for any regular guy or gal who may be considering doing such a rebuild.But,like you, I agree it is a better option to obtain refurbished or new.Thanks.
Longest video I've ever watched on YT haha. Great video though. Thanks for taking the time to make it
Přínosné video, děkuji za něj! Ale měl bych pár výhrad například k nasazování O-kroužků. V dnešní době 3D tiskáren bych si vyrobil kužel a jednoduše kroužky navlékl bez nutnosti roztahování, které, si myslím, není zrovna vhodné. Dále je nutné kroužky a hřídelová těsnění mazat, aby se nasazováním nepoškodila a šla snadněji instalovat. Ale jinak ještě jednoho děkuji za ukázku přestavby!😊
Thank you for the video , ill be trying to fix a end seal without removing the rack from the car , wish me luck lol
did you succeed?
How did that go? Getting it out of most cars is easier than trying to do this job with it installed
Thanks for this great tutorial. It's gave me all the knowledge I need in steering rack rebuild.
Only thing missing from this video is shot's of Vodka at rebuilds completion. Cheers Comrade, great video!!
Ich danke fur
The best video about rackpinion thanks.
You are a real máster.
Perfect work bro , thank u for making this video
Thank you for this very helpful upload.your experience and knowledge is very much appreciated.
Keep informing the people...
That is a very specialized skill set he has! Well done!
انا مكنيكي سيارات الان اصبحت معلم هدروليك بعد هذا الفيديو💟
Great video. I don't understand how anybody could give this a thumbs down.
Probably because he puts steering fluid in the pinion housing, which will degrade the grease that is supposed to be there (that area should never see PSF), and the fact he uses vice grips on the splines repeatedly (a piece of leather or some tape on the vice grip jaws would make that unnecessary, assuming you don't just turn it by hand). He also doesn't count the number of turns needed to remove the tie rod ends so he knows how to position the new ones. That last one is the least critical, as it just means you spend more time doing the alignment.
It is a very helpful video overall, so I wouldn't downvote it. Including a few ways to potentially ruin your steering rack is reason enough for many people to downvote it, though.
@@brianhaygood183 I have a feeling pro rebuilder shops don't change everything like he did. Its a good video.
@@brianhaygood183 But he did measure the tie rod lengths by comparing to the old ones side-by-side. You say tomato, I say tomahto.
And many thanks for sparing us from noise/musak; great video,man ( the only thing,you could also have measured for us the 8 mm bar you used to turrn and coil in, the retaining wire and the rack stopper, in its transversal dimension; it actually needs not be 8 mm; 4 or 6 mm is ok too)
Big thanks.
Hi, very intersting video, my question is where did you get the repair guide please.
So patience, great video so helpful!!!
Very good and detail video with proper explanation and without editing
Excelent Video..
Congratulations...
Best regards from Venezuela...!!
This is a complete hydraulic course. Luv it.
Very nice and detailed video I watched the entire thing from beginning to end
Nice showing how to open and assembled
You just saved me some money. Thank you, friend!
I'm wearing the exact same watch. Timeless piece.
Super video!
What is the most common reason for a power steering failure, except for an oil leak? Got a 2012 C5 Citroen, with 3rd generation Hydractive suspension. I lost the power steering gradually and now it is heavy on the steering wheel.
The pump usually fails long before a steering rack.
Thanku,the best video then another videos in UA-cam. This is best job
Thanks. Nearly all aftermarket / rebuilt camry racks are horrible ,loose, inconsistent and loud
I’m currently shopping for a Camry rack. What do you recommend?
@@3gcraftsman if a lower mileage car that sees 20,000 plus miles per year on less than ideal roads - and one you plan to keep for a while : Toyota rack. Shop around as there are deals
I appreciate u taking your time to make and share this video .can u give me the link on where to buy the oem seal kit.
Thanks for the video. The power steering on my old Nissan Primera has too much play. I'm thinking about whether to attempt to rebuild the power steering myself. It isn't economic to get someone else to do it. Many places quoted me over $1200 to remove the power steering, send it off for a rebuild and then refit it.
Your best bet is honestly to buy a remanufactured rack and replace the old one if you're willing and able to remove the rack in your primera. Removing steering racks from primeras is a very difficult endeavor, if you aren't mechanically inclined i would not recommend doing it yourself. Plus it's probably not your steering rack causing the play, it's likely most either your inner or outer tie rods, or less likely your wheel hub bearings.
Job well done. Thanks for uploading.
Extremely well presented video, pleasure to watch someone that knows what they are doing and not an idiot cowboy. Thanks.
Thank you I was wondering how to remove the inner seal from that deep in the tube
Excellant demonstration video! Why didn't he use a vice to hold the rack?
Not for the faint of heart to take this on! My Ranger is so hard to steer it’s given me shoulder and back problems, so I’m looking for another vehicle! Changed the pump, flushed the system, didn’t help. Thanks for sharing!
My 99 Tacoma is the same. I'm gonna fix it or die trying
@@lamarzimmermanmennonitefar5269 😩Sorry. It’s awful. Too bad especially if the rest of vehicle is good.
It might be the rack. I'm gonna have to test mine today
very good video thank you, just need a good supplier for the seal kit
Thank you for this great video I have cuestion all rack & pinion is same system because I’ll see various rack & pinion looks like all have same parts
Awesome video thanks for the step by step video. I hope this helps with my 1996 Toyota 4Runner 3.4L 4x4. I’ll let you know if this was a success.
How'd you do? I have a t4r too and thinking about rebuild my rack.
Best video on the whole internet on power steering rack rebuild. I just completed a Toyota Starlet rebuild with no previous experience thanks to you.
One question, almost every inner tie rod replacement video show using blue loctite on end to rack, is loctite really necessary or is bending the claw washers enough to prevent backing off?
Mine don't have loctite on them. I just took it apart
This is a great and profesional work!
Thank you for the information and lecture, very educative.
Very helpful and interesting video. Thank you Man. Like. I have problems with my car (steering) ... And was trying to know what is the problem and fix it . Thanks you.
Thanks for this video I have learnt slot, thanks one again.
Video was perfect. Very helpful, thanks.
Very very educational!!..all steps indicated..thumbs up bro
At this moment i wish i'd master your skills as right now i have problems with my renault clio steering rack :)
Thank you and great, I will do it for my Toyota Harrier which is currently TQ oil leaking badly
Great video but why didnt you clean outside before you started and especial clean internals in solvent before reassembly?
You’re very talented
Thanks dude, pure gold !!!
Thank you for your showing Rebuilt Steering Rack . Can you show it for Toyota Highlander 2003 ys ? I hope that you will to be it again 🙏
Thank you very much for the great tutorial
Great job, very helpful.
Hi. Thank you for the informative video. I have a 2010 camry 4 cyl 2.5 liter. The right side is boot is wet with oil. I would assume it is leaking from the right side seal. I'm hoping to replace the seal without taking the rack off. Do you think it is possible to replace the seal without taking the rack off the car? If so, how would you recommend taking the seal out? I see from your video at 11:49 that you remove the seal. That is the seal that I'm asking if possible to remove without taking the rack off. Would you suggest turn on the car and then turn the steering wheel to force the seal out after the cylinder end stopper is removed ? Thank you.
As I know, there is an electric power steering rack with no oil. But I'm not sure. That's an interesting idea. You would need another person to shut the car off ride away. It's is gonna be messy:-)
I would consider using a clear plastic bag to contain the mess. clear so that I can still see inside. I would also wrap around a towel on the tube in case the seal shoots out with lot of pleasure. The 2.5 4 cylinder gas is hydraulic oil. The 2010 2.4 hybrid might be electric and no oil. 2010 - 2017 2.5 4 cylinder gas is electric. I have a 2013 2.5 gas that has no steering fluid reservoir. Would you consider doing a video of what I described? You showed the tool 09631-10021to remove the end stopper. Do you have any advice how I may be able to find out the tool that works on my 2010 Camry?
Now I know how, Thanks William
good job, i prefer steering wheel flush every year before dirty oil eat all saels
The heat and age is the most common causes for seal damage
Hi,
Wow! This is not mechanism this an art work brilliant stuff, can you tell where are you guys based coz I want to get my Toyota auris hydrid steering rack done?
Thanks keep up the good work
This is a great video. Thank you for sharing it.
Awesome, thx 4 the detailed video and instructions
Thank you for learning so many unknowns
Simple, you are amazing man.
Before you start you should have cleaned off all the dirt from the outside of the assembly, that way it is easier to handle and stops dirt getting ingested
Excellent job amigo 😇
Very nice video. Thank you very much.
Thanks for sharing this video.
Thank you sir very good explain good job keep it up
I wish it had subtitles. Good video!
Great video, I am going to try this rebuild next year. the special grease was acrylic? i noticed you used a torque wrench for a lot of the tightening but, most of the time, didn't mention the foot pound/Nm. I presume some torque specs for the rack and pinion must be very specific. or does it not matter s much as I believe?
Please Make video on steering pump
You sir got yourself a subscriber
thank you . I think this is useful for Peugeot too.
toyota prado 1998 power steerig parts
⁹
Congratulations. Very good job and very good video
Your the man, Thanks!!
Wow so patient .great job on video and work
Well done bro,you earn your labor worth 👏👏👏👏👏🥂🥂🥂💞💞💞💞
This is brilliant. Thank you so much 👍
Can you fix a rack with center wear ? My steering wheel has free play in the center when driving straight
@Olga Dinis > Like recirculating ball gear boxes, rack and pinion gears subject to wear while driving straight ahead, making small adjustments left & right, over time may wear. If the rotational force drops in the center position or backlash is detected in this location one inch (25.4mm) left or right, then the gear is worn and has to be replaced. If the “Pre-Load” adjustment is off or the spring is broken (Shown in this video) then backlash and low rotational force will be present the entire length of travel, then perhaps it can be fixed.
The tech in the video has shown the “nuts & bolts” of the racks parts. But pre-checks due to complaint is requirement using feel, the touch and knowledge of what “Can Go” wrong inside before passing judgement on replacement or repair. This is a talented tech, but there is a lot more to it as other parts like wheel bearings, ball joints, tie rod ends or simply worn mount bushings. Best of luck. ASE Master Tech since 78 - Retired