Watching this video from Atacama region itself is amazing. When I was teenager our school used to send us to visit TOLOLO and ESO observatories. I'm glad my country gets involved in the study of our universe.
I visited there one time, Tololo as well as Gemini South, with the remarkable Vera Rubin Obervatory's LSST. It was some of the most incredible, and beautiful mountain-scapes I've ever seen, and it was a true shiver down the spine to be that close to, and get visit, these magnificent telescopes, many of whose discoveries we are so familiar with and in awe of. That you got to go there multiple times is a wonderful, and very special, opportunity and experience!! Very cool.
What surprises me is how do these stars stay together moving at this speed? And why don't they collide or will they at some point. Even in the slow motion video of the movement you can see them being pulled at by the black hole losing material.
Can someone point me in the video where is that speed of ~23983km per sec (8%). Seems I missed it and cannot find it. Or was it the 8740km (~2.9%) ? If that's the case, yeah, I'm nitpiking, but I like exact data whenever possible when it comes to science. 2.91%, it's sill quite fast, don't get me wrong, I would be happy to travel that fast.
Yes...but this time is very small in case of space events...so the observations made by the scientists won't have much change as the stars are right now
@@TheReaverOfDarkness I would imagine there are a lot of stolen planets independently orbiting that behemoth. Not to mention a vast number of lower mass stars, which would make up a far larger percentage than the more massive stars we can see. Sag A* probably gobbles them like Maltesers.
@@skateboardingjesus4006 Yeah, it probably does! We probably don't stand a chance of detecting the Earth-sized ones any time soon, but I bet we could find lower mass stars, even red or brown dwarfs perhaps, by checking for how they shift the orbit of higher mass stars on any close approach. But it'll probably be only a very tiny shift, as anything not in a basically stable orbit would most likely have been either ejected or swallowed up before we started looking!
At 0:35 "the fastest of the bunch, clocking in at 8% the speed of light. At 4:19 "record holder star S29" travelling 8740km/s. That is only 2.9% the speed of light. No mention of the star S4714, which is the star that is travelling the fastest at 8% the speed of light.
Yeah I noticed that too. One thing I've noticed about most of these "science" channels is that they botch things pretty badly and I assume just expect the viewer to not know any better. I don't know why they bother making science videos if they're so sloppy and don't understand what they're talking about and mostly imperfectly copying words others wrote.
It might be that they measured it at 8740 km/s, not at the closest (fastest) point. They could the use conservation of angular momentum to compute the maximum linear velocity when it does reach the closest point.
@@Natethesandman1 No, it is a different star (S4714, not S29) that has been measured at 8% the speed of light. You can look it up for yourself. Here's a quote about it "Sagittarius A * located at a distance of approximately 27,000 light years from us. The mass of the black hole is so large that it allows the star S4714 to accelerate to 8% of the speed of light (about 24,000 kilometers per second) as it passes through the pericenter. During the search, the star S300 was discovered, and it was also possible to observe behind the S29, which approached Sgr A * from 13 billion kilometers, accelerating to 8,740 kilometers per second. End of quote. So, S4714's maximum velocity is 24,000km/s, while S29's maximum velocity is 8740km/s. I can't give the link as it gets deleted by youtube (I tried).
It’s very possible that they got the math wrong on the speed this star is moving at I don’t find it that disconcerting. We are human and with this amount of information on several stars it is possible they got some numbers mixed up again I’m not going to get jacked up over it.
Holy... Damn... I just found out theres a timelapse of the stars orbiting the black hole in a 20 year timelapse. Now just imagine what the James Webb Telescope could observe
This cluster containing sagittarius A* supermassive black hole and S stars orbiting holds a special place in my Astronomy loving brain. Not only are those stars orbiting at extremely high velocities, one of the stars orbital period and closest distance to the black hole is so so so so soooo hugeeeee.
The most astonishing data I have learned about Sagittarius A• is that within 4.3 Light years of the black hole (The same distance from the Sun to Próxima Centauri) there are 1,000,000 stars!!! 1 million! This is not a place you want to visit.
So many stars occupying such small space, and in great velocities. I wonder how many of them had crashed or gotten slingshot to the far side of the world
Even in that relatively small volume, there is a lot of space for stars to whizz around. Besides, those stars are only the tiny minority you can see, because of their masses. There are far far more than them in there. The ones that are much more numerous, are too small to see. A mad carousel of hyper-velocity celestial bodies.
They can't crash. The space is too large. In a sphere between our star and the closes one you can put all the stars from all the galaxies in the entire universe. It's unbelievable to think but it is true.
If these stars that orbit so close started as a binary pair, and one was ejected would the star that got free have enough velocity to escape the galaxy? Are there individual stars roaming the intergalactic void? It's almost sad to think about; they would be homeless stars...
Kapteyn's Star is moving almost at escape velocity and will go well outside of the galaxy before coming back around. It is what's known as a halo star because it is not part of the galactic disk and instead belongs to the galactic halo. Almost all of the fastest stars we see are halo stars moving below escape velocity, but there is nothing stopping stars from getting boosted to even higher speeds. They just spend a lot less time here for us to see them when that happens.
The Barnard Star: Back in 1985, it was ~5.98 light years away from our Sun. By 2005, it was ~5.94 LY's away from our Sun. That's ~11.9B miles per year, traversing ever closer to our Sun's position. If nothing changes its course, by the year 11,700AD, it will be around 3.8 LY from our Sun, making it the closest sun to our own. Currently, Proxima Centauri --- one of the 3 stars of the Alpha Centauri system --- is the closest star to our Sun, at 4.22 LY away.
In the book “ASCENSO, Civilization of the Humus” published on Amazon, a theory is proposed that unifies relativistic and quantum physics, supported by a mathematical and analytical calculation of the fine-structure constant (1/137) for the 3rd dimension and the other dimensions that make up the Universe. It includes parallel and mirror universes. It proposes a mathematical theory of how the multiverse should be structured and the action of dark matter and energy within it
@@chrisr4220 Not true. The stars near the centre of galaxies are way younger than the once like our sun on the outer arms. We see maximum light at the center of the galaxy which are gases still have the ability to imitate star formation. Those gases are not on the outer arms of galaxies.
Wow, I didn't realize that it was that massive, You're a wonderful narrator Melissa, Thank you and everyone for the hard work that make this channel one of my favorite, Happy Holidays to all and I look forward to the next video. 🌎 🌲
"petrifying bottomless hole"... what a line... This vid started our Christmas party this year.. I played it for us all at the start and it was a big hit.. Started a big conversation.. Now I need to pop back and get into it.. thanks brother.. Merry Christmas to all of you..
Whats fascinating to think is that out of all the galaxies out there, this is just one of the stars out of many that could be orbiting black holes maybe with near light speed. Improbable but with how much we know it's possible. 😯
What part does time dilation play in these objects' apparent speed? I know that the speed of light is constant no matter what frame of reference you're in, but I was just wondering.
@@medexamtoolscom alright so by that calculation if you're in a spaceship bound by the gravitational influence of the star going a 8% the speed of light and your rescue mission is not until next year, you will be 58 hours younger relative to the rest of the beings (living) at rest. that's a pretty significant change I think.
Objects that massive moving at such unimaginable speeds is mind blowing. But they're probably nowhere near the largest or the fastest objects in the universe.
So the black hole is like a sun and some planets which are the stars there orbit the black hole. But I guess the only difference between them is that a black hole doesn’t create energy to subjects going around it.
That second smaller type face number they throw up @ the 4:42 mark 5430 KPS should be MPS miles per second, that's the conversion, that's a typo. So if you multiply 5430 MPS by 3600 it's 19,548,000 MPH nineteen million five hundred forty eight thousand miles per hour. pretty fast.
I can't believe we saw a supermassive black hole 4 million times the mass of the sun, the master arranger of our whole galaxy, and named it Sagittarius A... that's kinda lame, ngl
A supermassive blackhole and the stars in its vicinity are like when we stir a liquid in our cup. The closer to the middle, the faster the "objects" move. Massive objects like stars moving at the intensely high speed like that is so terrifying to imagine! 🤯😱
I find it hard to believe the gravity of this black hole, the size of a grain of sand in comparison to the galaxy, is holding our sun in orbit over tens of thousands of lightyears away.
@@agsolarpower5975 no.it does not. If we replace our sun with a coin size black hole with the same mass as sun , our planets would revolve around it as same as they revolve around sun.
I cannot look at rocks on the bottom of the swimming pool and act like it's a black hole. Watch the one star jump an inch to the left instantly while the others don't. It could be a condition of space bending light and creating that entire scene. That's not a theory, because they don't want it to be. It's people, none of which are responsible for what they think. They are just "following" what they were told. Even the black hole images were drawn by creatively calibrating the image until it looked the way they wanted it to look. Man is devolving in intelligence. When you actually question things, they tend to fall apart.
The star that is moving 8% the speed of light is S4714. Not mentioned in the video specifically other than at 1:25 where they mention five new stars S4711 to S4715. Later a star (S29) travelling at 8740km/s is mentioned as the record holder. But that is only 2.9% the speed of light. An obvious error in the video.
Awesome 😎, I was introduced to these because of Disney's old movie The Black hole it scared me, even though I was just leaning about them I was a young adult at the time when the movie came out and it really scared me and then later the music video by Soundgarden really didn't help my issues but I was still learning thanks for the inter library loan program I learned a lot about them at the time wasn't much but now data at your fingertips and again WOW 😲
Gravitational force is so powerful from black hole even very large stars couldn't scape from black hole. Over vast gravitational force covers very large area. All stars captured by black hole are big enough and they have enough energy reserves not to be destroyed by black hole. The largest stars they don't move too far from black, small stars moves tremendously fast, they approach with high speed the same way they get forced out. If scientists keep following that black hole slowly number of stars will disappeared certain period of time, perhaps that may never happens in life time. Eventually number of stars will decrease next two hundred years even though stars have more dense gravitational force, but black hole will forced them to burn faster all their energy density to distraction.
This stuff is incredible! A teaspoon of Neutron star matter would equal the same mass as Mt. Everest! Black holes are born when a Neutron star burns all it's elements until it reaches iron(Fe),then collapses and takes Spacetime with it warping gravity. Laws of physics change drastically at this point and no one knows what's on the other side. I love this stuff! Go James Webb!!!💫🪐☄️✨🚀
Actually we see them moving so fast but for them time is slowed down and they’re moving/experiencing time at ‘normal’ speeds, but the rest of the galaxy is almost frozen in time. Just think about it
@@precursors The speed isn't the concern. It's the sheet proximity to the black hole that would make conditions inhospitable. The radiation from it would be fatal.
@@upscaleavenue Concern? Who said anything about habitability? We're talking about time and speed here. These stars get so close to the blackhole and move so fast that time passes too little for them and too fast for us, from their perspective.
I believe it's a small black hole compared to what's holding our galaxy together (in the actual center). This little BH is not binding 100 billion stars in orbit
This video is talking about the Sagittarius A supermassive black hole. The one that holds the Milky Way together. The one that makes near stars travel at about 8% the speed of light.
@@mikecr4916 It isn't just the presence of the black hole that stars in the galaxy are orbiting. It is also the presence of dark matter which is causing the galaxy to orbit faster then if there was no dark matter present.
@@michaeldeierhoi4096 With dark matter, or anything else so far imagined, it still goes back to a reality that sagittarius A is insignificant to what central item our 100 billion stars are actually orbiting.
I suppose this star will also suffer some time dilation. So we might observe it's orbit being skewed in spacetime. Also, the plane of those orbits are not perpendicular to our line of sight. Putting those together, you got some horrible calculations, to define those orbits, not to mention red shift so close to a smbh. Pretty impressive, if they have done those correctly.
@@ankitjr.6037 Because it is said that this one star is moving at 8% the speed of light. At those speeds, it will suffer from a bit of time dilation. That's where Newtonian physics breaks down and the star will no longer describe the usual type of elliptical orbit that occurs at a lower speed. Let alone, the effects near a smbh. Therefore I figured, I say I am impressed, because I imagine, it takes quite some calculations to figure it out.
@@ankitjr.6037 Yup. At least you are one of those people who can simply ask questions like a normal human being, rather than some, who need to redo kindergarten.
It seems that the simulation of the black hole is incorrect, where the rotations of the front half accretion disk and the warped back half are opposite to each other instead of making up a loop.
When the video mentioned that the newly discovered stars had been given the names S4711 - S4715, I had a feeling there must have been scientists from Cologne involved. Simply hilarious.
If it orbits that close, would the speed from each flyby near the perihelion of their orbit make them faster eventually ejecting them from orbit or would gravitational waves slow it down first making the star fall in Sagitarrius A*?
It depends. If there's a binary star system orbiting close to the supermassive black hole, the gravitational forces can throw one star out of the galaxy and keep the other one in close orbit until the black hole eventually spaghettifies it.
@@floseatyard8063 then i guess it would be either: 1- it gets thrown out or 2- it gets closer. Maybe it's a probability, a chance, but i can't imagine another scenario.
I was wondering dose the black hole feel the star's gravity tug? As earth tug on the our sun as we orbit around the sun? or is gravity act differently around a supermassive black hole?
@@jaysartori9032 I would think that gravity is too massive for a smbh like SgrA* to experience "tugging". I'm no expert but I watch alot of videos and those things are really super dense. If we took all the matter of Earth and turned it into a black hole it would supposedly be the size of a handball,or smaller. It's called a Swarzchild radius. Now one 4million Xs the mass of our Sun,ain't nothing moving that. I think that's why there's a SMBH at the center of every galaxy ever studiéd,they keep everything together. My favorite space object no doubt,quasars.
@@orlandovazquez9662 🤔hmm..? I'll love to find out what lies in the heart of the black hole!?🤔I guest the only way for now is to as the spirits because they know?
Well, I'm no expert, but I believe, yes, the black hole experiences tugging, but at a so meaningless scale, that it doesn't matter. Imagine a thin thread, and you and an ant are pulling in opposite directions. It's not that the force exerted by the ant is null, it's a fraction of what an human can do. By the way, there are multiple stars near the black hole. While each of them does pull, statistically, they tend to cancel eachover. Instead of having a body (the black hole) clearly oscillating like Pluton and Charon, it's "slightly vibrating" in a erratic way, thus, if you measure the displacents in millimeters (or microns), which would be nothing compared to the size of the thing. That's just a guess, there is no computation nor facts as a basis, a humanly understandable comparison would be Saturn or Jupiter, and their moons.
This same effect happens in beehive clusters. Beehive clusters are star forming regions. The stars and binaries that orbit each other in these situations do not follow any Newtonian, or General Relativity models of gravity. There are many papers on this type of observation. The conclusion is that there must be a substantial EM force at play here, like they are orbiting in a ring current, around a plasmoid focal point, rather than following any known models of gravity. Just like a galaxy does not follow Newtonian gravity, or GR, it appears that beehives also have a substantial EM force at play as well.
Cannot be seen directly in infrared or anything. They only emit the "Hawking radiation" which is very tiny, much too tiny to be seen. Sometimes some matter that gets too close, most of it falls in, but some of it bounces back almost from the brink... you can see that as "jets", so you can see them originating in some empty space, that is where the black hole is. But "our" black hole does not currently have jets. You can also observe, the objects such as stars, that would normally be "behind" the black hole, but because the light cannot go near the black hole, some light from them, will bend around it and you can see the star deformed. Again, that's how you know there is a black hole in between.
The reason why we see objects in space is either because they emit light, or they reflect it. Black holes don't do either. That's why we can't see them. We can only see the area around them, the gas and dust (accretion disk) orbiting around it.
S29 highest speed when its closest to sagittarius a* is about 8% of the speed of light. That 8000km/s is an average of the speed in the whole orbit since it starts to lose velocity after passing to closest point to a blackhole in its orbit. Same thing at the farthest point of its orbit, its speed is at its slowest at the whole orbit
They use redshift or k-effect, but attribute that to recessional velocity. It is more likely that the k-effect is a sign of a younger star and not a recessional velocity. This looks like a beehive cluster and a place where stars are newly formed. The stars in beehive clusters seem to orbit orthogonal to the spiral arms, do not follow any known models of gravity, Newtonian or General Relativity. There are many papers on this type of observation. The conclusion is that there must be a substantial EM force is at play, and possibly not an actual mass that they orbit. Perhaps this is a plasma ring current that is dragging the stars in such an orbital pattern.
If a black hole the mass of the Sun was put at the center of our solar system, planets would orbit just as they do around the Sun, however there would be no light.
Amazing video and extremely informative and well done. The only minor I might suggest is how Chile is pronounced. It should be "CHEE-lay". The beautiful and intelligent British accent might be the reason for your pronunciation. Just thought I might mention it in case it is of any interest. Thank you for sharing this wonderful video. It was very interesting.
@@Cosmoknowledge OH, please don't take it like a correction. I certainly didn't mean it that way at all. It is something I have been corrected for and didn't want someone to say something judgy. In my opinion your beautiful accent makes everything sound lovely and correct. I hope you are having a wonderful holiday season and that 2022 will be even better. Again, my apologies that I said things indelicately or in any way offensive.
The gravity is not faster then light. Gravity waves travel at the speed of light also. Stars also distort the space around causing light to bend toward them. A black hole is much more massive thus further bending the light that passes near it to the point that light cannot escape it. Thus the black hole appears black.
When there is areas in space with a ultra massive amount of stars, "black holes," which (neither a color, nor a pit, ) is a inconceivable compressions 3D storm, could get so overwhelmed, that a formation would create whats called, a Galaxy. Thus making an infinate conjure of element expansion in space appear very "small waorld." Because mass of matter, has an infinate polarity among the deep limitless space. Example. If two elements just apeared, then travel very fast in head to head direction, but of a two way crossing each other, in adjacent parallel lines, they would eventually maneuver back, in a time acale, just under, *eternity* , by gravity, in a parabolic path shape symbole, called *Infinity*
@@TornadoCAN99 your IQ in the denial, instead of requesting question or information, *IS* just as bless, like many humans in history figure out the hard way, as your celestial faith in *Impossible* , to become as fate.
![The Other Side of a Black Hole [4K]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/ZVPsNDonA84/mqdefault.jpg)
![The Other Side of a Black Hole [4K]](/img/tr.png)
![Execution Layer Meeting 204 [2025-01-30]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/JW2IWwVKRec/mqdefault.jpg)
Watching this video from Atacama region itself is amazing. When I was teenager our school used to send us to visit TOLOLO and ESO observatories. I'm glad my country gets involved in the study of our universe.
That's really awesome. Thanks for sharing this. ❤
I visited there one time, Tololo as well as Gemini South, with the remarkable Vera Rubin Obervatory's LSST. It was some of the most incredible, and beautiful mountain-scapes I've ever seen, and it was a true shiver down the spine to be that close to, and get visit, these magnificent telescopes, many of whose discoveries we are so familiar with and in awe of. That you got to go there multiple times is a wonderful, and very special, opportunity and experience!! Very cool.
A massive object such as a star moving at 8% at speed of light... Thats terrifying
Indeed. And fast. 😄
A BIG star, several times the mass of the Sun. Whoops, get outta the way of that thing...
What surprises me is how do these stars stay together moving at this speed? And why don't they collide or will they at some point. Even in the slow motion video of the movement you can see them being pulled at by the black hole losing material.
@@umami0247 They are moving through nearly empty space, but yes these stars can be torn apart if they get closer to the black hole.
Can someone point me in the video where is that speed of ~23983km per sec (8%). Seems I missed it and cannot find it. Or was it the 8740km (~2.9%) ? If that's the case, yeah, I'm nitpiking, but I like exact data whenever possible when it comes to science. 2.91%, it's sill quite fast, don't get me wrong, I would be happy to travel that fast.
This channel is going to explode! Superb editing.
Oh, that's really great to hear. Thanks for these words of motivation. I appreciate it! ❤😌
27,000 LY away. So, in reality, we are watching how these stars were orbiting Sagittarius A* 27,000yrs ago🤯
That's correct.
M87 black hole pic is 55 million old lol and this is 27,000
Yes.The sad reality of space.we are alaways looking into the distant past.
That’s crazy, human physics do not apply we must all take that into account.
Yes...but this time is very small in case of space events...so the observations made by the scientists won't have much change as the stars are right now
I'd love to see a 360 video with our viewing point being just chilling on top of the black hole.
Seeing the stars swirl around would be so cool!
Imagine being on a planet around one of these stars
Haywire.
I’m not sure planets could even form or survive the tidal forces in such an extreme environment
@@quantumrobin4627 They would need to be in independent orbits, and could not orbit any of the stars unless they orbit extremely close to the stars.
@@TheReaverOfDarkness I would imagine there are a lot of stolen planets independently orbiting that behemoth.
Not to mention a vast number of lower mass stars, which would make up a far larger percentage than the more massive stars we can see.
Sag A* probably gobbles them like Maltesers.
@@skateboardingjesus4006 Yeah, it probably does!
We probably don't stand a chance of detecting the Earth-sized ones any time soon, but I bet we could find lower mass stars, even red or brown dwarfs perhaps, by checking for how they shift the orbit of higher mass stars on any close approach. But it'll probably be only a very tiny shift, as anything not in a basically stable orbit would most likely have been either ejected or swallowed up before we started looking!
The British accent lends an air of enlightened sophistication to the video without being overly pompous or pretentious. I like that! Thank you.🤗
Yayy! So kind of you! Thank you! ❤
At 0:35 "the fastest of the bunch, clocking in at 8% the speed of light. At 4:19 "record holder star S29" travelling 8740km/s. That is only 2.9% the speed of light. No mention of the star S4714, which is the star that is travelling the fastest at 8% the speed of light.
Yeah I noticed that too. One thing I've noticed about most of these "science" channels is that they botch things pretty badly and I assume just expect the viewer to not know any better. I don't know why they bother making science videos if they're so sloppy and don't understand what they're talking about and mostly imperfectly copying words others wrote.
It might be that they measured it at 8740 km/s, not at the closest (fastest) point. They could the use conservation of angular momentum to compute the maximum linear velocity when it does reach the closest point.
@@Natethesandman1 No, it is a different star (S4714, not S29) that has been measured at 8% the speed of light. You can look it up for yourself.
Here's a quote about it "Sagittarius A * located at a distance of approximately 27,000 light years from us. The mass of the black hole is so large that it allows the star S4714 to accelerate to 8% of the speed of light (about 24,000 kilometers per second) as it passes through the pericenter.
During the search, the star S300 was discovered, and it was also possible to observe behind the S29, which approached Sgr A * from 13 billion kilometers, accelerating to 8,740 kilometers per second. End of quote.
So, S4714's maximum velocity is 24,000km/s, while S29's maximum velocity is 8740km/s.
I can't give the link as it gets deleted by youtube (I tried).
Well I just unsubscribed after this comment
It’s very possible that they got the math wrong on the speed this star is moving at I don’t find it that disconcerting. We are human and with this amount of information on several stars it is possible they got some numbers mixed up again I’m not going to get jacked up over it.
Holy... Damn... I just found out theres a timelapse of the stars orbiting the black hole in a 20 year timelapse. Now just imagine what the James Webb Telescope could observe
Crazy right!?
WILL observe!! So exciting!
This cluster containing sagittarius A* supermassive black hole and S stars orbiting holds a special place in my Astronomy loving brain. Not only are those stars orbiting at extremely high velocities, one of the stars orbital period and closest distance to the black hole is so so so so soooo hugeeeee.
It's amazing to observe this stuff.
@@Cosmoknowledge it sure is. Observing true magnificence from afar about which not much people are aware of.
The most astonishing data I have learned about Sagittarius A• is that within 4.3 Light years of the black hole (The same distance from the Sun to Próxima Centauri) there are 1,000,000 stars!!! 1 million! This is not a place you want to visit.
Why not?
@@ivanpshenitcyn8242You might die, that's why.
So many stars occupying such small space, and in great velocities. I wonder how many of them had crashed or gotten slingshot to the far side of the world
😌❤
Even in that relatively small volume, there is a lot of space for stars to whizz around. Besides, those stars are only the tiny minority you can see, because of their masses. There are far far more than them in there. The ones that are much more numerous, are too small to see.
A mad carousel of hyper-velocity celestial bodies.
They can't crash. The space is too large. In a sphere between our star and the closes one you can put all the stars from all the galaxies in the entire universe. It's unbelievable to think but it is true.
@@ps4games164 that's 4.3 light years in diameter so yeah, I can dig it!
And their companion planets don’t forget
Just subscribed just now. Great video. Can’t wait to see more in the future.
Imagine someone from other galaxy say this galaxy black hole is really mysterious
Crazy.
If these stars that orbit so close started as a binary pair, and one was ejected would the star that got free have enough velocity to escape the galaxy? Are there individual stars roaming the intergalactic void? It's almost sad to think about; they would be homeless stars...
Yes, they become rogue stars, and they can escape the galaxy.
Kapteyn's Star is moving almost at escape velocity and will go well outside of the galaxy before coming back around. It is what's known as a halo star because it is not part of the galactic disk and instead belongs to the galactic halo. Almost all of the fastest stars we see are halo stars moving below escape velocity, but there is nothing stopping stars from getting boosted to even higher speeds. They just spend a lot less time here for us to see them when that happens.
The Barnard Star: Back in 1985, it was ~5.98 light years away from our Sun. By 2005, it was ~5.94 LY's away from our Sun.
That's ~11.9B miles per year, traversing ever closer to our Sun's position. If nothing changes its course, by the year 11,700AD, it will be around 3.8 LY from our Sun, making it the closest sun to our own.
Currently, Proxima Centauri --- one of the 3 stars of the Alpha Centauri system --- is the closest star to our Sun, at 4.22 LY away.
Gravity doesn't work in space. The astronauts are floating.
In the book “ASCENSO, Civilization of the Humus” published on Amazon, a theory is proposed that unifies relativistic and quantum physics, supported by a mathematical and analytical calculation of the fine-structure constant (1/137) for the 3rd dimension and the other dimensions that make up the Universe. It includes parallel and mirror universes. It proposes a mathematical theory of how the multiverse should be structured and the action of dark matter and energy within it
It’s incredible how black holes can toss supermassive objects like they’re nothing
Crazy.
Because they have mass more than those objects
If those stars are traveling at tremendous speeds while orbiting a smbh, does that make them younger than everything else in the galaxy or older?
Younger. A clock on one of those stars ticks slower than a clock on any other point in the galaxy
Depends on where the viewer is relative to those stars. To answer simply, it makes them the same age (assuming they all formed around the same time).
@@chrisr4220 but those are travelling much faster.
@@chrisr4220 Not true. The stars near the centre of galaxies are way younger than the once like our sun on the outer arms. We see maximum light at the center of the galaxy which are gases still have the ability to imitate star formation. Those gases are not on the outer arms of galaxies.
This is amazing, I was 25 when the first black hole was discovered.
Awesome. 😌
@@Cosmoknowledge The things man has seen and done just in my lifetime is crazy. wish I could start over now.
This is what i watch in my free time! 😬
Well, you are spending your time just right, my friend. Thank you for watching this stuff. 😌❤
You ain't the only one Ak! Happy birthday Jesus and JWST!
3:19
This footage is awesome
All props to the cameraman that survived the blackhole
She got a raise. 😂
Always one comedic genius who dredges up that tired joke
Definitely props to the photographer ! That is a patient person !
as a bh enthusiast, the discovery was very impressive!
Indeed. Thanks for writing, man. ✌
Makes me wonder if being on a planet going 8% the speed of light would feel different than going 67k mph on ours
Wow, I didn't realize that it was that massive, You're a wonderful narrator Melissa, Thank you and everyone for the hard work that make this channel one of my favorite, Happy Holidays to all and I look forward to the next video. 🌎 🌲
Happy holidays to you, too, and thank you for the good words. ❤
@@Cosmoknowledge 11
"petrifying bottomless hole"... what a line... This vid started our Christmas party this year.. I played it for us all at the start and it was a big hit.. Started a big conversation.. Now I need to pop back and get into it.. thanks brother.. Merry Christmas to all of you..
Haha, Merry Christmas big brother. All the best to you and your family. ✌
Man, within 7 years? That's as fast as Jupiter. And this is a STAR orbiting a BLACK HOLE.
The planets near those stars must be holy hells...
Imagine if we could get an observatory array like this on the moon
That will happen sooner than we think.
The black hole accretion disc animation at 5:00 is completely wrong. Tsk. Tsk.
Thanks, i thought so
Whats fascinating to think is that out of all the galaxies out there, this is just one of the stars out of many that could be orbiting black holes maybe with near light speed. Improbable but with how much we know it's possible. 😯
Thank you!!! 😌
What a total madness. You saw that “orbit of neptune” image?? Unbelievable
There is an error in the black hole animation. You have an accretion disk rotating simultaneously in opposite directions
What part does time dilation play in these objects' apparent speed? I know that the speed of light is constant no matter what frame of reference you're in, but I was just wondering.
What we see from all stars are the effects of time dilation.
raum und zeit exestiert dort nicht.alles verschwindet bis auf etwas licht.
Virtually none. The formula for time dilation is sqrt(1-v^2/c^2). Try putting .03*c or .08*c into the value for v and prepare to be underwhelmed.
Even at 8% the speed of light, 2 clocks will only be off by about 1 second after 5 minutes.
@@medexamtoolscom alright so by that calculation if you're in a spaceship bound by the gravitational influence of the star going a 8% the speed of light and your rescue mission is not until next year, you will be 58 hours younger relative to the rest of the beings (living) at rest. that's a pretty significant change I think.
This is a great time to be an astronomer. Mind expanding and exciting.
Yeahh ❤️😎
Objects that massive moving at such unimaginable speeds is mind blowing. But they're probably nowhere near the largest or the fastest objects in the universe.
So the black hole is like a sun and some planets which are the stars there orbit the black hole.
But I guess the only difference between them is that a black hole doesn’t create energy to subjects going around it.
❤
This is such a great video!
So awesome to hear that. Thank you! ❤
That second smaller type face number they throw up @ the 4:42 mark 5430 KPS should be MPS miles per second, that's the conversion, that's a typo. So if you multiply 5430 MPS by 3600 it's 19,548,000 MPH nineteen million five hundred forty eight thousand miles per hour. pretty fast.
I can't believe we saw a supermassive black hole 4 million times the mass of the sun, the master arranger of our whole galaxy, and named it Sagittarius A... that's kinda lame, ngl
Well, astronomers suck at names. 😄
@@Cosmoknowledge But fortunately their content is top-notch, this video is amazing
at that speed it could orbit earth once every ~4 seconds
Crazy right!?
Mind bending... 🤪
Another great video 👍👍👍
Great! Thank you, my friend! 😌❤
I wish i can see how fast it is in real life. It must be insane to see.
dont forget that u are currently observing its light.. that maybe distorted by black holes
It can, if close enough.
Astrophysicist Andrea Ghez did this year's ago in 2000. It was on How The Universe Works.
A supermassive blackhole and the stars in its vicinity are like when we stir a liquid in our cup. The closer to the middle, the faster the "objects" move. Massive objects like stars moving at the intensely high speed like that is so terrifying to imagine! 🤯😱
It's crazy right!?
@@Cosmoknowledge Yes it is! 🤯
Nassim Herrimein explains black holes better than anyone else. He's working on a unified theory of physics
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Sun to the black hole: oooooh oooh oooh you set my soul alight! 😂
😄😄
If time dilation exists then how is it that stars move as fast around black holes? Do objects orbiting black holes fail to move as fast as it should?
From such a big distance, if the stars are moving at the speed you have portrayed, it is amazing indeed. But where is the proof of this speed.
Hopefully JWST will give us more detail views.
That telescope has so much to give.
I find it hard to believe the gravity of this black hole, the size of a grain of sand in comparison to the galaxy, is holding our sun in orbit over tens of thousands of lightyears away.
When it comes to black holes, size doesn't matter. Mass matters.
@@Cosmoknowledge bro size does matter 😂
@@agsolarpower5975 no.it does not. If we replace our sun with a coin size black hole with the same mass as sun , our planets would revolve around it as same as they revolve around sun.
Thumbnail of the year 😍✌🏼
Yayy!!! Thank you! 😍
Will the orbits decay enough that Sagittarius will swallow those stars or they will collide?
Eventually, probably.
I cannot look at rocks on the bottom of the swimming pool and act like it's a black hole. Watch the one star jump an inch to the left instantly while the others don't. It could be a condition of space bending light and creating that entire scene. That's not a theory, because they don't want it to be. It's people, none of which are responsible for what they think. They are just "following" what they were told. Even the black hole images were drawn by creatively calibrating the image until it looked the way they wanted it to look. Man is devolving in intelligence. When you actually question things, they tend to fall apart.
Which star is moving at 8% light speed? Was it referenced in the video?
The star that is moving 8% the speed of light is S4714. Not mentioned in the video specifically other than at 1:25 where they mention five new stars S4711 to S4715. Later a star (S29) travelling at 8740km/s is mentioned as the record holder. But that is only 2.9% the speed of light. An obvious error in the video.
I absolutely love her voice.
So great to hear that. Thank you! 😌❤
I'm very impressed by this very informative video.
I remain a black hole skeptic. In extreme gravity why could, would there not be new physics. Inference is inference only. Observation is gold.
The physics of "extreme gravity" is described by general relativity. Why do you think we need _another_ theory for extreme gravity?
Awesome 😎, I was introduced to these because of Disney's old movie The Black hole it scared me, even though I was just leaning about them I was a young adult at the time when the movie came out and it really scared me and then later the music video by Soundgarden really didn't help my issues but I was still learning thanks for the inter library loan program I learned a lot about them at the time wasn't much but now data at your fingertips and again WOW 😲
I'm truly fascinated by these mysterious objects. 😌
I'm so curious about what JWST gonna find regarding these kind of phenomenon. 🤔
It's gonna blow our minds away.
Why do people continually ignore the asterisk as though it doesn't exist? It's called Sagittarius A* (A-star), not Sagittarius A. C'mon people!
I know right!?
Thank you👍👍👍❤❤❤
Of course. Thank you! ✌️
Gravitational force is so powerful from black hole even very large stars couldn't scape from black hole. Over vast gravitational force covers very large area. All stars captured by black hole are big enough and they have enough energy reserves not to be destroyed by black hole. The largest stars they don't move too far from black, small stars moves tremendously fast, they approach with high speed the same way they get forced out. If scientists keep following that black hole slowly number of stars will disappeared certain period of time, perhaps that may never happens in life time. Eventually number of stars will decrease next two hundred years even though stars have more dense gravitational force, but black hole will forced them to burn faster all their energy density to distraction.
Hey, thanks so much for your input. ✌
This stuff is incredible! A teaspoon of Neutron star matter would equal the same mass as Mt. Everest! Black holes are born when a Neutron star burns all it's elements until it reaches iron(Fe),then collapses and takes Spacetime with it warping gravity. Laws of physics change drastically at this point and no one knows what's on the other side. I love this stuff! Go James Webb!!!💫🪐☄️✨🚀
@@orlandovazquez9662 a dragon sucking
How deadly it would be to exist on a planet orbiting one of these stars! We wouldn't!
Actually we see them moving so fast but for them time is slowed down and they’re moving/experiencing time at ‘normal’ speeds, but the rest of the galaxy is almost frozen in time. Just think about it
@@precursors The speed isn't the concern. It's the sheet proximity to the black hole that would make conditions inhospitable. The radiation from it would be fatal.
@@upscaleavenue Concern? Who said anything about habitability? We're talking about time and speed here. These stars get so close to the blackhole and move so fast that time passes too little for them and too fast for us, from their perspective.
I’m curious, 8740km/s is about 2.9% the speed of light. Where did the 8% measurement come from?
Awesome narrator and awesome graphics
So great to hear that. Thank you so much! ❤
I believe it's a small black hole compared to what's holding our galaxy together (in the actual center). This little BH is not binding 100 billion stars in orbit
This video is talking about the Sagittarius A supermassive black hole. The one that holds the Milky Way together. The one that makes near stars travel at about 8% the speed of light.
@@Cosmoknowledge Yes, I know. So you're suggesting as well that Sagittarius A is keeping 100 billion stars in our galaxy from flinging off into space?
@@mikecr4916 It isn't just the presence of the black hole that stars in the galaxy are orbiting. It is also the presence of dark matter which is causing the galaxy to orbit faster then if there was no dark matter present.
@@michaeldeierhoi4096 With dark matter, or anything else so far imagined, it still goes back to a reality that sagittarius A is insignificant to what central item our 100 billion stars are actually orbiting.
@@mikecr4916 Maybe yes, maybe no. I don't know for sure and neither do you!!
Galaxy center is always impressive
And intense. ✌
I suppose this star will also suffer some time dilation. So we might observe it's orbit being skewed in spacetime.
Also, the plane of those orbits are not perpendicular to our line of sight.
Putting those together, you got some horrible calculations, to define those orbits, not to mention red shift so close to a smbh.
Pretty impressive, if they have done those correctly.
But bro why it's path will get skewed even if it is moving at that speed
@@ankitjr.6037 Because it is said that this one star is moving at 8% the speed of light.
At those speeds, it will suffer from a bit of time dilation.
That's where Newtonian physics breaks down and the star will no longer describe the usual type of elliptical orbit that occurs at a lower speed. Let alone, the effects near a smbh. Therefore I figured, I say I am impressed, because I imagine, it takes quite some calculations to figure it out.
@@wernerboden239 ohh that's what👉👉
@@ankitjr.6037 Yup. At least you are one of those people who can simply ask questions like a normal human being, rather than some, who need to redo kindergarten.
@@ankitjr.6037 WHEN TIME DILATES SPACE CONTRACTS. REMEMBER SPACE AND TIME make up the fabric of universe together. Not time alone.
I take it that these stars have no planets surrounding them. Since they’re being flung out with incredibly ludicrous force and speeds 💫
It seems that the simulation of the black hole is incorrect, where the rotations of the front half accretion disk and the warped back half are opposite to each other instead of making up a loop.
What size are those stars?
I hope they're going to put JWST's eyes toward this magnificence.
Indeed, they will at some point.
When the video mentioned that the newly discovered stars had been given the names S4711 - S4715, I had a feeling there must have been scientists from Cologne involved. Simply hilarious.
It's actually called Sagittarius A star. The asterisk * is part of its name.
Yes, that's correct. It's so hard for me to add the star sometimes.
Imagine planets orbiting these stars moving around the black hole at the center of our galaxy.
Every decade or so, they'll have the best view in the galaxy. Sgr A* and its accretion disk probably looks like as bright as the sun does to us.
If it orbits that close, would the speed from each flyby near the perihelion of their orbit make them faster eventually ejecting them from orbit or would gravitational waves slow it down first making the star fall in Sagitarrius A*?
It depends. If there's a binary star system orbiting close to the supermassive black hole, the gravitational forces can throw one star out of the galaxy and keep the other one in close orbit until the black hole eventually spaghettifies it.
@@Cosmoknowledge Oh alright. That makes sense but then what would happen if its just a single star? Like the others that are currently orbiting?
@@floseatyard8063 then i guess it would be either: 1- it gets thrown out or 2- it gets closer. Maybe it's a probability, a chance, but i can't imagine another scenario.
@@Atomic-Blast- makes sense. Probably depends on its speed and orbit for that
Imagine that you are living in those mysterious object what do you feel 😢
Best images, space science has grown, improved, just the best subjects to study 📖. 💘 love it 😀, 😏😶wordless,no questions 🍎👽🛸😱🧐😎
So awesome to hear that. Thank you! 😌❤
Really cool! I just love black holes.
They are fascinating objects. Thank you!
From far far away
I love how they extrapolate all this info from a few blurry pixels. Then show computer simulations as if that's what they really see.
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It is what they see.
I was wondering dose the black hole feel the star's gravity tug? As earth tug on the our sun as we orbit around the sun? or is gravity act differently around a supermassive black hole?
Not really.
@@Cosmoknowledge Explain, please?🤔
@@jaysartori9032 I would think that gravity is too massive for a smbh like SgrA* to experience "tugging". I'm no expert but I watch alot of videos and those things are really super dense. If we took all the matter of Earth and turned it into a black hole it would supposedly be the size of a handball,or smaller. It's called a Swarzchild radius. Now one 4million Xs the mass of our Sun,ain't nothing moving that. I think that's why there's a SMBH at the center of every galaxy ever studiéd,they keep everything together. My favorite space object no doubt,quasars.
@@orlandovazquez9662 🤔hmm..? I'll love to find out what lies in the heart of the black hole!?🤔I guest the only way for now is to as the spirits because they know?
Well, I'm no expert, but I believe, yes, the black hole experiences tugging, but at a so meaningless scale, that it doesn't matter. Imagine a thin thread, and you and an ant are pulling in opposite directions. It's not that the force exerted by the ant is null, it's a fraction of what an human can do.
By the way, there are multiple stars near the black hole. While each of them does pull, statistically, they tend to cancel eachover. Instead of having a body (the black hole) clearly oscillating like Pluton and Charon, it's "slightly vibrating" in a erratic way, thus, if you measure the displacents in millimeters (or microns), which would be nothing compared to the size of the thing.
That's just a guess, there is no computation nor facts as a basis, a humanly understandable comparison would be Saturn or Jupiter, and their moons.
Somewhere far away aliens are laughing to our conclusions...
Curious if JWT will peek over to Sag A
Oh yes. James Webb is gonna bring us tremendous data from the center of our Milky Way.
"That's No Supermassive Black Hole. It's a Space Station."
😄
This same effect happens in beehive clusters. Beehive clusters are star forming regions.
The stars and binaries that orbit each other in these situations do not follow any Newtonian, or General Relativity models of gravity.
There are many papers on this type of observation. The conclusion is that there must be a substantial EM force at play here, like they are orbiting in a ring current, around a plasmoid focal point, rather than following any known models of gravity. Just like a galaxy does not follow Newtonian gravity, or GR, it appears that beehives also have a substantial EM force at play as well.
Eject stars? Doesn't that mean an ejected star will be flying at high speed destroying everything in its path and not reduce speed due to vacuum?
I've always wondered, are black holes not visible and can only be seen using infrared or some other light spectrum?
Cannot be seen directly in infrared or anything. They only emit the "Hawking radiation" which is very tiny, much too tiny to be seen.
Sometimes some matter that gets too close, most of it falls in, but some of it bounces back almost from the brink... you can see that as "jets", so you can see them originating in some empty space, that is where the black hole is. But "our" black hole does not currently have jets.
You can also observe, the objects such as stars, that would normally be "behind" the black hole, but because the light cannot go near the black hole, some light from them, will bend around it and you can see the star deformed. Again, that's how you know there is a black hole in between.
The reason why we see objects in space is either because they emit light, or they reflect it. Black holes don't do either. That's why we can't see them. We can only see the area around them, the gas and dust (accretion disk) orbiting around it.
@@Cosmoknowledge wonder what force behind it
Are they moving randomly or any strange pattern to it? And what about the planets that orbit the stars, did the whole system move?
I'm pretty sure there's like a certain pattern to it
Their motion is governed by the enormous gravity of the supermassive black hole.
It appears that inwardly spiralling stars approach the black hole in an equatorial plane even though the galaxy is a three dimensional structure. Why?
man I can't wait to get out interstellar so we can start making stellar clockwork with these
😄
I hope none of these stars have planets with life
No doubt that the hole already ate those 👍
8% of the speed of light is 23,983 kilometres per second. So which star was going at that speed?
4:20 S29. The speed they give is probably the average.
S29 highest speed when its closest to sagittarius a* is about 8% of the speed of light. That 8000km/s is an average of the speed in the whole orbit since it starts to lose velocity after passing to closest point to a blackhole in its orbit. Same thing at the farthest point of its orbit, its speed is at its slowest at the whole orbit
They use redshift or k-effect, but attribute that to recessional velocity.
It is more likely that the k-effect is a sign of a younger star and not a recessional velocity.
This looks like a beehive cluster and a place where stars are newly formed.
The stars in beehive clusters seem to orbit orthogonal to the spiral arms, do not follow any known models of gravity, Newtonian or General Relativity.
There are many papers on this type of observation. The conclusion is that there must be a substantial EM force is at play, and possibly not an actual mass that they orbit. Perhaps this is a plasma ring current that is dragging the stars in such an orbital pattern.
Assuming that planets directly orbiting the super massive black hole, how is time affected on these planets comparing to that on our earth????
If a black hole the mass of the Sun was put at the center of our solar system, planets would orbit just as they do around the Sun, however there would be no light.
Amazing video and extremely informative and well done. The only minor I might suggest is how Chile is pronounced. It should be "CHEE-lay". The beautiful and intelligent British accent might be the reason for your pronunciation. Just thought I might mention it in case it is of any interest.
Thank you for sharing this wonderful video. It was very interesting.
Oh, thank you so much for appreciating it. And thanks for the correction. Happy Holidays! ✌
@@Cosmoknowledge OH, please don't take it like a correction. I certainly didn't mean it that way at all. It is something I have been corrected for and didn't want someone to say something judgy. In my opinion your beautiful accent makes everything sound lovely and correct. I hope you are having a wonderful holiday season and that 2022 will be even better. Again, my apologies that I said things indelicately or in any way offensive.
If gravety of the black hole holds back light from escaping does that mean gravity becoming so intense is faster than light?
@@raghuashwin3268 yet the effects of gravity are constrained by the speed of light. That seems somehow wrong to me
The gravity is not faster then light. Gravity waves travel at the speed of light also. Stars also distort the space around causing light to bend toward them. A black hole is much more massive thus further bending the light that passes near it to the point that light cannot escape it. Thus the black hole appears black.
@@michaeldeierhoi4096 hmm
Or, since there is no "bending of space and time" perhaps it's orbiting a plasmoid.
What kind of G’s would you feel as you swung around a massive black hole 8% light speed?
Can we see the other side of a black hole and what it produces?
Nope.
Lol noo , and what force ? Nobody knows . Mystery
When there is areas in space with a ultra massive amount of stars, "black holes," which (neither a color, nor a pit, ) is a inconceivable compressions 3D storm, could get so overwhelmed, that a formation would create whats called, a Galaxy. Thus making an infinate conjure of element expansion in space appear very "small waorld." Because mass of matter, has an infinate polarity among the deep limitless space. Example. If two elements just apeared, then travel very fast in head to head direction, but of a two way crossing each other, in adjacent parallel lines, they would eventually maneuver back, in a time acale, just under, *eternity* , by gravity, in a parabolic path shape symbole, called *Infinity*
And this gets the award for completely unintelligibly gibberish post of the year!
@@TornadoCAN99 Not to mention the rather bad grammar and typos - and it was edited too!
@@TornadoCAN99 your IQ in the denial, instead of requesting question or information, *IS* just as bless, like many humans in history figure out the hard way, as your celestial faith in *Impossible* , to become as fate.
@@ckdigitaltheqof6th210 Two in a row. I'm speechless...enjoy your award!
Gravity will be replaced by gravity plus later this year sounds funny out of context.
Wow!