Quarks Explained in Four Minutes - Physics Girl
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- Опубліковано 25 чер 2015
- Protons and neutrons are made of three quarks, right? Wrong! Explore the particle they should have told you about when you were a kid!
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The fact that pulling quarks apart takes so much energy that it creates new quarks has to be the single most amazing aspect of reality ever
sc2umsmaker makes sense
So what if you put TONS of energy into trying to pull apart a quark and it's anti-counterpart but you stop JUST shy of breaking them apart (creating new pairs of quarks?) Where does that energy go?
Where is the verification & experimental data that this is true ? Until then it's just postulation.
@@markclapp7111 Why, it's all in the scientific literature in the university libraries, of course. Fun read!
This is what a said
I'm honestly astonished at how quickly, yet clearly you explained that...
I'm in my final year of my physics degree and this made way more sense than any lecture/textbook description I've encountered about the quark model. Thank you Physics Girl, you're amazing. Please keep making videos!
The Constituent Quark model was debunked like 40 years ago in a government report 'Sucesses and Failures of the Constituent Quark Model.'
1:49 "partycles" 😂😂😂 love her sense of humor
Explaining the properties of quarks with candy? And using licorice to separate them when showing the quark part of the standard model?! Brilliant.
Bernie Sanders 2016 hahah yeah, one of my earlier videos gave her a shout out back when she had like 10K subs
King Crocoduck That's how I found her... If only you both uploaded more ;) (I'm happy to wait though dude as you must be super stressed and busy with study and all)
King Crocoduck Here are some other questions.
1. In Beta Decay how does the Baryon decide which of the two Up Quarks to turn into a Down Quark or which of the two Down Quarks to turn into an Up Quark valance wise.
2. Does the same Quark gradient exist inside Mesons?
3. If Techni-Color Theory is true what is the size of the Higg's Boson?
4. Would there be Valence and Sea Quarks inside a Higg's Boson?
Can someone answer these?
*****
1. In Beta decay, you have a down quark decaying into an up quark and spitting out a couple of leptons. Which particular quark ends up decaying is dependent on the potential, so in the end you solve the Schrodinger or Dirac equation to determine the probabilities.
2. Not sure what you mean by "quark gradient."
3. Higgs doesn't have a size- it's a point. If you're talking about mass, technicolor generally predicts much higher masses than what was found- on the order of ~2000 GeV/c^2
4. No, since bosons, like quarks, are fundamental particles. Leptons, quarks, and bosons don't have constituents.
King Crocoduck There are many places that say The Higg's Boson might have Techni-Quarks inside them, what would be the size or Quark makeup even if these are a different kind of Quarks?
I think the important question here is, how can we go about creating an environment where M&M's can spontaneously pop into existence? I can already take care of the popping _OUT_ part of the process...
emdeeeff A conundrum. We should work on it.
Physics Girl Surely a company named Mars Inc would be receptive to a grant proposal.
all we would have to do is design a device that takes matter and reconstructs things on a quantum level.
@@physicsgirl I am.
@@imamess.9078 Skittles!? They are just M&Ms with a sour disposition.
If there had been an internet in the late 70's and I'd seen this video back then... There weren't videos I knew of on the Arpanet when I was doing my physics co-op at NASA... Why couldn't any of my (PhD in physics) professors have made it this easy? I changed to Computer Science and turned out OK, but I still wonder what might have happened if I'd stayed as a physics major.
I'm retired now. I'm loving your videos, and re-learning things I'm pretty sure I used to know, and EASILY learning things I know I never knew! Love that you got together with Simone. Two of my favorite you-Tubers!
Because it isn't this easy. In physics classes, you had to operationalize what you'd learned. ;-)
Wow you were at NASA in the 70's how exciting! Science and technology is evolving at such a rapid pace. A friend pointed out to me the the same amount of time 1918 to 1970 and 1970 to 2022. Both amazing epochs of rapid change. Am glad you're able to keep learning and being inspired. Love her videos.
Thats why I love Physics. My brain is full of explanations of phenomenons and explanations of how the universe rolls!
I myself want to be an astrophysicist when I'm older.
Me to and I'm already 60
Yeah me too, can’t wait to understand all this amazing stuff and take them as studies✨
@@douglasrhoads4349never too late sir!!
I'm not really fat, it's just that my quarks come with a lot of energy.
sc2umsmaker not so, remember that energy needs to convert which requires other processiec
😂
Wow! This was brilliant!
Not only did you answer questions about quarks I didn't know I had!.. but you did it in a way that I do believe young kids will easily get! Using candy as the theme for all the visual aids was also brilliant.
You didn't dumb anything down either. Can't praise this video enough. Keep up the excellent work! :0
Patrick Melody Yes although I personally love physics and I don't mind how it is taught to me, this is how it should be taught to people who don't follow easily so they don't get confused!
Patrick Melody I scrolled down to the comments so I could say exactly the same thing. So much science is dumbed down to the point that it's wrong. This video *proves* that it's possible to create something that's simple and correct at the same time. I may well be linking to it in future internet squabbles to prove my point that it *can* be done.
Denis Kartachov Here are some questions.
1. In Beta Decay how does the Baryon decide which of the two Up Quarks to turn into a Down Quark or which of the two Down Quarks to turn into an Up Quark valance wise.
2. Does the same Quark gradient exist inside Mesons?
3. If Techni-Color Theory is true what is the size of the Higg's Boson?
4. How fast do Quarks move?
Can someone answer these?
@@skatelife59 lol
Dark energy and a quark
This is one of the best descriptions I've heard in 3 years, learning about this stuff 4-5 hours/night.
Thank you for this.
I've been researching this concept for hours now, and this video is the most helpful thing yet that I've stumbled upon. Thank you very much!
wow quarks are amazing not only do they seem to appear and disappear, but they are also a currency converter as well 1:40
beechy34 hehe I had to rewatch first to see what I said, but then I chuckled out loud at your comment.
Physics Girl im not gonna lie, im quite proud of myself on this one lol
Physics Girl What is the average lifespan of a Sea Quark?
+beechy34 Ahaha, that was really clever.
+beechy34 Are pounds like some British slang for money that I don't know about?
Three quarks for Muster Mark! (but not for protons and neutrons, I guess)
Aww! It's you!❤️ I love your channel!❤️ You explain real good love yuh!❤️
A biologist watching a physics channel? Interesting
@@nanigopalsaha2408 AHAHHHA
@@nanigopalsaha2408 Stay curious.
But what about the brideship Pridewin?
Your better than my science teacher
Better than your English teacher too, I hope.
+Jim Whitmire haha nice joke xD that made my day
I literally LOL'd :-D
And easy on the eyes.
Cute yes, but mostly only because there are far FAR too few physics girls out there. Without the physics she would look very different. Besides, Derek already beat us to her. He was already successful posing as a model before posing as a physicist. HA.
It looks like sooo much effort was put into this.
Excellent video; I'm a new subscriber and love your stuff already
Instant up vote just for party-cles
JorgCAlexander YES! thank you!
Indeed.
Gosh, i'm really hungry now...
HOUNGOUNGAGNE yeah sicence is hungerying me
same here
Yeah me too, thats why i coudnt understand a thing bcause of candies
I didn't expect a csgo youtuber here.
I'm hungry because of those chocolates! 😂 "watering"
This is the best explanation of quarks and color charge I've found on UA-cam. Well, for the beginner at least. I enjoyed the blog too. Thanks.
You said "quark" 49 times!!
And Star Trek Deep Space Nine which Quark starred on was, to my knowledge, the fourth Star Trek series. 49!? *Mystery theme from Star Trek starts playing*
I have a Bachelors degree in physics, and I didn't know that protons had other non-valence quarks.
I learned this in high school... what shit school did you go to?
Inorganic Vegan *which. Oh, the irony. :P
Too Much Candor Oh,* the irony. (Ironyception)
Too Much Candor No. "What" is perfectly appropriate. I'm asking what school he went to. "What" is perfectly fine grammatically.
Also, I don't have a degree in English. Samsul got a degree in physics and didn't learn basic physics.
I went to the University of Michigan, and I only learned that protons and neutrons had three quarks. That's it. I had no idea about everything else that make up protons and neutrons.
Love You Physics Girl! This is just out of this world awesome that has professionalism as well as lots of education. You are making me to love physics more. You deserve more subscribers! Hats off!
Love the way she repeated "particles "!
How many times i have watched it!
The expression! ❤️
Also choosing a different and effective example was brilliant!
I was just troubled with this topic until you made learning so fun. Thank You. You made it super easy!!:)
Physics Girl 2016! got my vote!
Jason Is Awesome! if only it was her...
Great video! Now I feel like I know less about atoms and quarks than before. I've never heard the concept of valence quarks, but I get it. Well done.
Love the enthusiasm and method of explanation....best vids ive come across
thank you Physics Girl for another great explanation. loved the way you used candies to make it understandable, brilliant
Amazing video as usual! Very insightful. I don't know why this isn't mentioned more often. It seems like a huge distinction between there being only 3 quarks vs. 3 valence quarks. I'm almost done with a B.S. in physics (1 year to go), and I didn't know that. :3 Of course, I haven't taken particle physics or even quantum mechanics yet.
You never fail to blow my mind! Please keep it up. You're the best physics UA-camr in my opinion. :)
Love you profile picture! Good taste in music
1:49 literally my thoughts during online classes 😂
my goodness! you blew my mind...i was so utterly astonished by the starting of the video
OK - so quarks are edible?
That is good news. 😊
It's fun looking at some of your older content, thanks for the lessons, Dianna!
Yep, you never heard of 'Quarker Oats'? 😁
@@tonysansom If you're below the age of 12 then that was funny! 🙂
@@daveseddon5227 Well, a long way beyond 12, chronologically, but mentally...who's to say 😃
@@tonysansom Yeah - it's always the mental part that messes me up! 🙂
awesome! i can appreciate a quarky sense of humor.
Your teaching process and lectures are awesome.
Amazing video . loved the way of your description
Miss you Diana!!
Great enunciation clarity in your presentation. Bravo! Well done. I am 80 years old and having lousy hearing. There
are most likely others with similar problems, who appreciate the clarity also. Just cranking up the volume often does not
help much.
FYI: Google now offers automated captioning of UA-cam videos, and it's reasonably accurate.
WOW! I have spent my whole life learning about science and I did NOT know about this! Thanks for helping me learn something new today!
Thank you, that cleared up some serious misunderstandings I never knew I had. You never know what you don't know. Fascinating stuff! What a strange world we exist in. And the 'color charge' thing floored me. That really is damn clever.
You're gonna win over a lot of people with the candy. Licorice and M&M for the win! In my world, M&M stands for Mmmm Mmmm ;-) Also, the party-cle bit was perfect... wouldn't have been the same without the giggle afterword.
P.S. I left you another comment on your twin's paradox video several days ago. Not sure if you got it or not, but it included an apology. I need to do a follow-up video on it.
Yayyyyy....science asylum....
Yoo i was thinking abt science asylum while watchig this video
now she needs left Twix and right Twix to explain the weak force.
Wow this is interesting! As a physics student particle physics was always the subject I know most less about. At the time it didn´t interest me too much as I thought it didn´t have enough practical applications. As time passes I´m getting more and more fascinated by this stuff.
The way you explain is so easy to understand and that's a true physicist right there
it's good to see these video's promoted again. get better soon Diana.
"How many quarks in a proton?"
Me: 3
Her: 3 and ......... no.
"Can you separate quarks?"
Me: No
Her: Well yes... but actually no.
"what is the up and down quark electric charge?"
Me: Positive and negative?
Her: +2/3 and -1/3
Me: HUH??
Ikr, it’s probably just made up by the government to fake the moon landing or something
Y'all are Quarky...
Sooo cool!! I have one question: if quarks are always found in pairs, how is it possible that valence quarks are "alone"?
They’re not actually, they are a group of 3 :)
You are simply the BEST, Physics Girl, to explain such things!
All is comes my mind after watching your video is 'God Bless You for this lovely video' that a professor even cant explain in that way ever...I am so grateful.
Up, down, strange, charm, top, bottom.
If you don't know that a quark is,
It don't matter, you still got 'em.
With leptons and bosons, unless something's amiss,
They make up everything that we can see, and that we know exists.
Hank
Hank
+Josh Adams OMG YES!
Hank Green though
1:45 - 1:50 , one more reason why you're awesome :)
It's kind of dumb.
Well.. these small fillers maitain the interest of the viewer.. so in my opinion, that was both funny and smart..
Yes.
This was really inspiring and fun. Thank You for sharing! :)
totally agreed patrick melody.........this is just amazing i am a 8 standard school boy and had so many doubts on quarks...you cleared all brilliant.....
I think your Party-cles have a lot of quarky charm, Great explanation, totally enjoyed it.
I've watched this 3 times in a row and i still have no idea wtf she's talking about.
She lost me when I tried to imagine anti-red.
I would think that "anit red" is a red light wave that cancels the other out. With other words, a light wave with the same amplitude and frequency but with inverted phase.
Learn physics then
I know how to cure every disease, but then anti red
Awesome, very useful for my modern physics class. Thank you very much.
Very good material. Excellent.
Thanks!
You must be doing something right if even I understood. Awesome! ^w^
I didn't understand. I was too busy reading comments.
It'd be handy if there was a link to that blog post in the UA-cam description.... ^^;
Miles Bader Done. Thanks for the suggestion!
Physics Girl I don't see it. For others, it's physicsgirl.org/blog/tenquarks
Dan Smith Ugh, forgot to click save.
SUH-WEEEEET! I'm showing this to my 5th grade students today! THANK YOU! You do such a great job at explaining such complex and abstract concepts - with fun and edible manipulatives!
AYYYYYY I LOVE PUNS THAT WAS A GOOD ONE you just made my day and made me figure out what I want for my birthday MICRO SCOPE
Party-cles - HAHAHA. Well done.
The "party" life.
You've made that explanation sound so simple! Great video
Amazing explanation. Thank you!! Everything is energy. Everything is conscious on some level.
The most helpful visualization I've been able to find. Thank you for this!
So if trying to separate quarks requires enough energy to create new ones to pair with them, how do protons have an odd number of quarks? Or did you mean they just have to be near other quarks (but not necessarily "paired")?
Great video, thank you.
That's actually a really good question! Short answer: they've been like that for a long time; we don't really know how they came to be (yet).
Long answer: Quark-antiquark pairs of corresponding flavours can pop into existence given enough energy because all charges are conserved when that happens (colour, EM etc). When you try to separate the quarks in such a pair, you create a new set of quarks identical to the first one- meaning that all charges are still conserved- and are left with two pairs. In other words, pairs are pretty straightforward. There is another way the quarks can come together, though, and yet again it boils down to stability through conservation of charges; specifically, the colour charge. As was explained in the video, a particle with colour charge can only exist in combination with either a particle with anticolour or two other particles with colour. In other words, three valence quarks can stably exist together- as long as they can form a particle in the first place. The problem here is that the only way for a baryon to form from energy while conserving all charges, including baryon number, is for an antibaryon to also form at the same time; a process which requires a whole lot of energy and ultimately results in antimatter-matter annihilation unless one manages to keep them separated somehow. At least that's how it should work in theory. By our current understanding of Physics, baryon number should be conserved. But judging from the amount of baryons around us and the most fortunate lack of antibaryons, there must be circumstances in the early universe that violated this conservation. Several possible mechanisms have been proposed in various models, but it remains to be seen what is actually behind it.
In conclusion, it is possible for existing baryons to keep existing because colour charge is conserved. We do not yet know where all the antibaryons went, but we'll figure it out some day.
Wow, thanks for the detailed response, you've given me a few more topics to do some research about. Thank you.
Procyon B. Here are some questions you might be able to answer.
1. In Beta Decay how does the Proton or Neutron decide which of the two Up Quarks to turn into a Down Quark or which of the two Down Quarks to turn into an Up Quark valance wise.
2. Does the same Quark gradient exist inside Mesons?
3. How fast do Nucleons orbit eachother?
4. How fast do Quarks move?
If you don't know please answer what you do know.
I'll do my best!
1. The thing about decay is that it is a random leap to a metastable state. So there is no "decision"- one of the quarks changes flavour (internally in first generation, otherwise it would be more problematic) quite at random, whereas the other happens not to. The question is rather why these decays only happens under certain circumstances, which is where metastability comes into play; the hadron itself can only ever exist in certain configurations; states that at least in the short term are stable, ie metastable. Other states do not exist; they are incompatible with the quantum world. Therefore, a hadron can only ever decay to a metastable state.
2. I'm sorry, but I'm not quite sure that I understand what you mean by quark gradient. Could you please elaborate? Something I think it might be worth pointing out, is that mesons pop in and out of existence all the time- they are very unruly and unstable, and often exist inside of other particles- because they can. All their charges, except mass, cancel out perfectly internally, so nothing's really stopping them from existing wherever; except energy, of course.
3. Interesting question- I honestly have no idea! I'll look into it and get back to you.
4. I have an answer for this one, but it's probably not the one you want. First, it's important to recognise that quarks are massive fermionic particles, and thus don't have to move at any particular speed; their movement is largely random. It is also neigh on impossible to observe, because quarks cannot exist in isolation. That being said, they can move really fast, because of their small mass. I seem to recall references to them moving at relativistic speeds, which is again problematic because models kind of fall apart with relativistic quantum mechanics.
I'm sorry I couldn't be of more assistance, but hope the answers I did provide were of some assistance. Thank you for the interresting questiond!
Procyon B. I'll give alittle more detail.
1.When I said gradient I meant how many different kinds of Quarks are inside the average hadron whether Sea or Valance. Not just what's inside a Baryon.
2. When you said Quarks move at Relativistic speeds what are we talking, how many decibel places close to the speed of light?
Thank you for trying.
That explanation was interesting, but then came a hammer and it became hilarious! 😂
Nicely explained, really enjoyed
Such a great explanation!!!
The ViHeart of physics? ;) Great video because (a) I understood it mostly and (b) I learned something
Agreed
man vihart is like -1/12 times more mysterious
I love this.
Evan. this being the video, wasn't admiring my keyboard.
+Evan. Well now your keyboard's probably sad. It thinks you don't love it.
Lovey video .. Thank you Physics girl !!
I just found this video and I'm sharing it with everyone.. it's AMAZINGLY good!!!
Thanks Physics Girl, now I want to eat sweets!
I like your avatar
did you eat all of them after the class?
Really nicely done!!
Your videos are among the very few that teach me things I don't already know.
1:10 this turned into a how to basic video
So bassically Whoever created lollies created quarks?
This is amazing, I am currently doing my college thesys in physics and your explanations are great
I'm old - really! In my 70s so none of this was taught when I was in school. I love learning and this is an excellent way to teach - kids and seniors! Thanks.
Does this proton make my mass look big?
depends...
How about if superpositioned?
+Sean Nanoman Do you want the truth or should I just tell you what I know you want to hear?
+thedoctorzeus Sorry for not replying. I was busy seperating the puckered rings from my arsole in the mother liquor. :-)
+Sean Nanoman That's awesome.
All those quarks... I hope you brushed your teeth after making this video.
Probably my favorite video of yours. I love the playfulness. Lol @ the Hammer and "Partycles". Keep it up.
I'm so glad I've found this channel!
I was enjoying the video and then 1:49 happened , I've got crush on you.
Oh yes. Had to re-watch to see it. Cute as anything.
have you done a Higgs Boson video yet?
Kyle Macdonald Google map
Oh this is great!! Thank you for the informative video! :)
I opened up my UA-cam app to like your video. Nice work! 😎👍🏻
Anti-Red is Cyan.
Anti-Green is Magenta.
Anti-Blue is Yellow.
These are opposite color pairs that cancel each other out.
Brett Nemecek Heh, was just about to post this, thanks :)
***** Here are some questions you might be able to answer.
1. In Beta Decay how does the Baryon decide which of the two Up Quarks to turn into a Down Quark or which of the two Down Quarks to turn into an Up Quark valance wise.
2. What is your opinion on Techni-Quarks?
3. How fast do Nucleons orbit eachother?
4. Roughly how fast do Quarks move on average?
If you don't know please answer what you do know.
***** Heh, I've seen you post this on so many comments. I'm glad you care to get these answered. You should trying emailing a professor of physics at your local university.
Darn it, now I want licorise allsorts... Mmmm.
(and I never learned this in school, so it's all new to me. Wow, busy place in those protons!)
wordsnwood You can have all of mine. I've eaten way too much sugar making this video.
Physics Girl Yeah I figured there would have been a lot of snacking going on... My kids would have been hanging on every word if I did it, just so they could dive in and eat it all once I was done! :-)
wordsnwood same here
This was entertaining as much as it was enlightening, thanks lol I had fun learning
Wow!! Tremendous explanation 👌 Thank u
"Partycles"
take your like, dang it
You first, LOL
Why is this not at the top of the video list for Quarks?! Best explanation on the net. I’d suggest slowing down just a tad, but hey I can just watch the video a few times and catch what I missed. Amazing
This was a great explanation. Thank you
Thanks for this video. It really helped me 😊👍
Never gets old watching these videos.
I came here looking for Quartz, and ended up learning about Quarks. Excellent video!
Coolest way of teaching!!
Thanks a lot!!
I thought I understood quarks and in less than 5 minutes physics girl taught me more than a semester of particle physics. My Mind is blown. Thanks physics girl.
it's fantastic! Its not taught on schools! Thanks you and your channel is in another level!
Probably in the alternative Universe!