Crisis of the Third Century of the Roman Empire DOCUMENTARY
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- Опубліковано 23 вер 2024
- The Crisis of the Third Century was one of the events that brought the Roman empire to the brink of collapse: Economic crisis, internal strifes and foreign incursions continued for decades, while around 50 emperors and pretenders competed for the throne. A number of political and military leaders, among them Odaenathus, Aurelian, and Diocletian attempted to keep the territory of the Empire intact, while a number of Germanic tribes and the newly formed Sassanid Empire attacked it relentlessly. New states called the Palmyran Empire, and Gallic empire wer founded and the Roman Empire was truly divided.
If you guys find this video enjoyable, we may consider releasing a video on Constantine the Great and the rise of Christianity in the Roman empire.
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Primary sources used:
Olivier Hekster. Rome and its empire, AD 193-284 - Edinburgh University Press - 2008
Сергеев И. П. Римская империя в III веке нашей эры. Проблемы социально-политической истории. - Харьков: Майдан, 1999.
Циркин Ю. Б. Альтернативная тенденция в развитии Римского государства в период «военной анархии» // Восток, Европа, Америка в древности: сб. науч. тр. XVI Сергеевских чтений. - М., 2010
H. St. L. B. Moss, The Birth of the Middle Ages - Clarendon Press - 1935
Inspired by: BazBattles, Invicta (THFE), Epic History TV, Historia Civilis and Time Commanders
Machinimas made on the Total War: Rome 2, Empire Divided DLC
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsou...
Songs used:
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All of Rome will be awed at such a victory!
Kings and Generals no battles but still a great video :)
Great video my friend i guess this is in response to the empire divided dlc
Thank you, guys. :-) Indeed, it is a response. :-)
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Edward_Gibbon_by_Henry_Walton_cleaned.jpg
Auelian is like a real life fantasy hero. Born from humble beginnings and thrusted into the line light to save the kingdom from total destruction.
I guess "limelight" was the word you were looking for.
Praetorian Guard: "cool, time to die bitch"
@@mizuha-chan4145 Praetorian idiots can't resist murdering another Emperor even if he launched a campaign all over the world and saved the entire bloody empire
Give us an emperor from humble beginnings
Restitutor Orbis
Once a semester my high school Latin teacher would have us play "Imperator" (basically Risk but set on a map of the Roman Empire). It worked out to be around 8% of our total grade, with the winning team getting an A and control over the other teams' grades. When people complained about losing and not getting an A, he would talk about the year of the four emperors and tell us that getting a B is small fry compared to being murdered after a failed bid for power.
Best teacher
my high school taught Latin (took 3 years of it)
am of the opinion the failure to teach Latin corresponds with the downfall of current civilization - lots of things to be learned from the history of Rome
@@dosran5786 yeah our school teaches latin too, for 3 years
TobeWilsonNetwork WOW, IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU HAD A TEACHER PREPARING KIDS FOR REAL LIFE!
I APPROVE!
@@TheSulross
Let's see. Fewer people die as children than ever before, deaths from hunger are lower than ever before, disease are less of a threat than ever before, if the number of war deaths keeps going as it is this will be the most peaceful century in human history.
Yep, sounds like civilization is falling alright.
"Oh for FUCK'S sake!"~Every Emperor after repelling one invasion, and getting the news that yet *another* one is occurring whilst Provinces are slipping away to be independent. It would've been no surprise if a few of these emperors died from stress-induced brain aneurysms instead of being murdered.
Pretty much this. :-)
Sounds like the western roman empire campaign in attila total war.
I think that one had a stroke.
This actually happened, with Valentinian I.
"He (Valentinian) received a deputation from the Quadi. In return for supplying fresh recruits to the Roman army, the Quadi were to be allowed to leave in peace. However, before the envoys left they were granted an audience with Valentinian. The envoys insisted that the conflict was caused by the building of Roman forts in their lands; furthermore individual bands of Quadi were not necessarily bound to the rule of the chiefs who had made treaties with the Romans - and thus might attack the Romans at any time. The attitude of the envoys so enraged Valentinian that he suffered a burst blood vessel in the skull while angrily yelling at them, provoking his death,"
I nearly had a stroke just watching the video. It felt like the bloodiest tennis match in history.
Aurelian: Invicta Restitutor Orbis aka Ultimato Chad Romanum
Luckier than Augustus
Better than Trajan
Hail Aurelian, the restorer of the world!
Defeated the g*rms, brought justice to Cniva, banished Shapur from this realm, broke Diddo's curse, with him died the prophecy and Rome.
@@mirceadonciu4983 Truly an unbiased POV.
Invictus*
Invicta is a female adjective :D
Aurelian is probably one of the most underrated emperors in Roman history. Without him the Crisis of the Third Century would have consumed the Roman Empire and it probably would have collapsed. It's a shame he died so soon into his reign.
Yep, it is a shame that we don't know more details.
Emperor Aurelian didn't die, He simply ascended to godhood 🦅✊
I wonder why many good generals, leaders, and warriors they all often died early in their life.
Elkhaq Elfida
Tell that to Cyrus and Darius.
@@elkhaqelfida5972 Because everybody loved them and rulers considered them as rivals.
Gotta be careful of those swords falling from the sky
Damocles. :-)
Nice reference
AURELIAN = TOTAL BADASS
Down with Aurelian!
Long live the Cniva, Cannabaudes!
He built a defensive wall around the City in just 2 years. 19 kilometers of circumference. That wall has been used the last time for defensive reasons in 1870 during the Italian unification wars. And it's still standing.
Indeed, but gallienus and claudius ii laid the groundwork for him
You kids needs to take it easy with the term badass
@@MonTube2006 I wouldn't say that to somebody whose nickname is
"Antigonus I Monophthalmus
". Chances are he actually read some books
I am so impressed by the quality of this documentary, you made my sunday, thanks
Thanks for watching. :-)
For the sake of storytelling and clarity is a well-done video, he sums up clearly a messed up period. Then if you are looking for I-don't-know-what this is not the place. Remember that the medium is the message and when watching youtube video you are already deciding to sacrifice certain details, professionalism, etc... Then with your name, I would have never commented a video on youtube, skynet is going to find you in a glim of an eye. Run connor!!
For sure it is sumed up, of course we would want some extra details :p But hard thing to do in a 11min format - espcially when you speak of a whole century
It's free....
dude just eat shit, it's free lol
Incredible video.
Thank you, my friend! :-)
Kings and Generals no, thank YOU
History time where is new lectures? Been couple months
@@colinbarthelemy726 βλέπω
κι
Ρ ροζ ζωή🎣λπ
Wait a minute, I know you.
Aurelian was an amazing Emperor. Such a shame, what his own soldiers did to him...
It was those filthy pretorians.
@@TheRealfiqqo makes you wonder why the romans kept the praetorians around so long, so many emperors killed by their hand. I would think after the first one or two times, the emperors would at least be like "hmmm, maybe this whole bribes for protection thing is kinda stupid"
David Lara I mean, my point still stands, screw the praetorians
@@majestichotwings6974 The Praetorians' existence traced back to the time of the Republic,meaning they were very well-established. They functioned as patrols of the Eternal City itself. Several emperors tried to diminish their power and it never went well. Galba decided not to pay the Guard and he was assassinated. Vitellius did disband the Guards and executed some of them. The survivors sided with Vespasian and Vespasian restored them to power. From that point,any emperors who displeased the Praetorians only led to their death.
There were seemingly very loyal bodyguards of the emperor though. They were a group of Germanic ('barbarians') warriors but they got disbanded very early. They were so enraged by Nero's suicide that they wanted to wage war to avenge him,which was why Galba removed them.
@@majestichotwings6974 well they were purged a few times
A lot of underrated work was done by Gallienus, who even though wasn't able to achieve decisive victories, introduced stratetegic reforms from which his successors benefited: he reformed the army by introducing a mobile army made of cavalry , the Comitatus and excluded incapable senators from key roles in the army, that became extremely meritocratic. With those reforms Gallienus brought upon himself the hostility of noble Roman classes but ushered in a new era of capable, battle-hardened generals, faithful to the Roman's eagle and determined to reestablish the glory of the Roman empire.
BATTLES OF AURELIAN
(Under the command of Emperor Gallienius)
Battle of Naissus - Emperor Gallienius, Claudius II and Aurelian vs Goths
(Under the command of Emperor Claudius II)
Battle of lake Benacus - Emperor Claudius II and Aurelian vs Alamanni
(Emperor Aurelian commander of a breakaway Roman Empire and wars against Germanic Warriors)
Battle of Placentia - Emperor Aurelian vs Alamanni
Battle of Fano - Emperor Aurelian vs Alamanni
Battle of Pavia - Emperor Aurelian vs Alamanni (Total annihilation of the alamanni and the construction of the great Aurelian wall)
Battle of the Balkans - Emperor Aurelian vs Goths (Ultimate defeat on the Goths which there mighty cheftin Cannabaudes was slew in combat, earning Aurelian the title of "Gothicus Maximus")
(Palymene Empire wars)
Battle of Immae - Emperor Aurelian vs Queen Zenobia and general Zabdas
Battle of Emesa - Emperor Aurelian vs General Zabdas (Death of general Zabdas and capture of Queen Zenobia)
(Gallic Empire war)
Battle of Chalons - Emperor Aurelian vs Emperor Tetricus I (Total annihilation of Roman-Gallic warrior's and surrender of emperor Tetricus I)
Restoration of the once breakaway Roman Empire
(Defeated pretenders to the throne of Rome, challenge Emperor Aurelian)
Emperor Quintillus
General Septimus
General Urbanus
Emperor Domitaius II
Maybe Rome greatest Warrior! just in a span of five years (270-275) hail Aurelius.
Ave Imperator Avrelian 🦅✋
*AVRELIANVS
All hail to the his memory
He also put down a mint worker's revolt. Really.
Also costantine and stilicho are great, also maggioriano
I never heard of emperor Aurelian until today. He did an amazing job, god damnit.
Only 5 years and he wiped out every Army on his way , impressive
@Augusto Helmer Eww a Germs Sympathic
@Augusto Helmer Although it was true that he was ambushed but still he was not deterred from those defeat and learn from it. Thus allowing him to finally expell those Barbarians. Heck, even Julius Caesar was defeated during battles but what set Caesar and Aurelian different is by learning from such mistakes.
Damn, each time I can't stop admiring the level of your animations. The documentary definitely fits nicely with CA's recent dlc for Rome 2.
Thank you for your support! :-)
I want to give a compliment to this series which is that you guys always give a wealth of general backstory and history to put the specific event/period in context.
Thank you! :-) History can be confusing without a context. :-)
Even though that many civil wars, roman empire lived that much is an amazing thing.
:)
You can thank Roman culture and social identity for that!
Schon F actually it was because all of their rivals were pacified, either by military weakness or political treaty. The sheer size of the empire made it extremely difficult to completely subjgate, plus the odd nature of Imperial sucession meant that securing the son never meant securing the throne (Commodus inheriting from his birth father Marcus Aurelius was a rarity).
The fact that no one was actually there to challenge the Romans in their homelands of Italy and the lands of Greece & the Balkans meant that it could live for a very long time.
The moment outsiders started raiding and ravaging both areas the Empire folded quickly- the Ottomans for the East and the Germanic Romans (Ondoher etc) in the West.
The "Roman identity" was fluid , especially in the East which was Greek/ Egyptian/ Syrian for all intents and purposes and in the Gallic areas of Europe
@sathom Tnx alot for the detailed explanation:) That 'roman' identity above etnicity is also another great beast to learn about :)
@babylonian :) Yes as a turk it fascinates me to see Roman laws, way of life continued to exist and The 'Roman' as a State name survied millenias even though that much civil wars and killing happened among their people.
I cant see that in turkish history. We either built new states from ashes of the previous or as seen in Ottomans a very strict succesion law prevented many civil wars.
Please dont start the "actually" thing. its a complicated question with more than one right answer. Your not any more correct than i am.
'His parinoia led to his assasination' that's a funny sentace lol
Well, first he was paranoid for no reason, but his paranoia forced others to plot against him and then he had a reason. :-)
And now I imagine him thinking "I was right all along" when dying.
Self-fullfilling prophecy at its best.
Kings and Generals Ironic
@@nanaya7e433 this made my day
That city *Naissus* where Claudius killed 50k Goths in 268ad, (their biggest army ever!) 07:05
THE Constantine will be born there, 4 years after the battle, and two other Roman emperors over time.
That same city will be wiped out by Attila himself, 175 years after that. Only a carpet of bones among buildings will be left (for a while).
That city will be attacked by Peter the hermit and his crusaders in 1096, but he will fail miserably.
That city will host Barbarossa with 100 000 German crusaders in 1189, on his way to the holy land.
But most importantly,
That city is where I was born 20-something years ago and I'm still here, so hi everybody.
Hey, Ras! :-)
Ras are you saying that you will become emperor because that’s going to be a problem.
I had to google Naissus. It’s modern day Nis. Yep.
Hello
Hi :-)
Hopefully, CA will showcase/promote this video on their facebook page just to get Empire Divided DLC hype !! Once again, thank you for using my machinimas :) and also thank you to CA for given us early access.
UPDATE: NOW THEY DID !
CA?
Creative Assembly.
Malay Archer
I like your
Good work
gabriel belmont my what :)? and thank you :)
DLC for a Broken Game, yet people still pay $ to get it.
This is why Lootboxes will always be a thing.
When rebels keep spawning in EU4...
Yep, it basically never stopped. :-)
It's crazy how the Emperor at the time still managed to kept with it,if I was the ruling one,I probably would have give up already when there's an empire size rebel at left and right
@@jekesan4221 same i would already pissed my pants and go snuggles instead
Ming would have imploded under such pressure.
Aurelian is so underrated in history
His reign may have been short, but it was explosive snd magnificent. Aurelian achieved more in five years than many before or after would in decades 👑
Agreed
What is it with the library of Alexandria burning
I guess, the biggest building in the city and probably very defensible. :-)
everybody secretly hates books
Andrew s lol
Joseph Krakowski: the burning of the library of Alexandria was nowdays comparable to deleting wikipedia.
Paper burns easily
*cries in Latin*
Pics or didn't happen.
vah vah vah
*Laughs in German*
Socialist Republic Of Askurg allemani *
*Gets amused in Hunnish*
Rome II : Empire Divided
Indeed. :-)
@@KingsandGenerals I Find so unreal how the Roman Empire manage to survive that long, I mean. So many cultures, languagues, huge distances between Greeks, Egyptians, Italians, Syrians, Celts. The romans still managed to hold. Now days with all our cience, cultures, physosophy, easy traslations, fast travel. We are far, far from beign as inclusion or even togheter as humans like the Roman Empire was
Is that deus ex reference?
Rome I : Inevetable War ( Rome vs Carthage )
Rome II : Caesar Revolution ( Caesar vs Pompeii )
Rome III : The Fall of republic ( Caesar death )
Rome IV : Augustus Go ( glory of roman empire )
Rome V : Empire Divided ( this video )
@@v44n7 well the societies has evolved very differently since then, the rise of nationalism and cultural awareness makes it impossible to have a big empire like Roman anymore, just like what they think of slave is normal in that time period, where we cannot tolerate. ( but u don't know the future maybe some scheme of galactic corporation what we saw in Star Trek might form, who knows? xD)
@@v44n7 The Ottoman Empire was basically the Muslim Roman Empire, with many different cultures under their wing. Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror even proclaimed himself to be Kaiser-e-Rum, meaning Caesar of Rome.
The little swords with the blood is rather striking way to illustrate the assassinations... This was an Excellent video
Thank you for watching :)
Aurelian was a fookin' legend. He kicked everyone in the nuts.
Agreed dude ,
Great vid over a complex period not really covered. I see Aurelian as a precursor to Constantine regarding the use of religion as a unifying factor. Aurelian used Sol Invictus, Contantine used the Christian god.
That is a good comparison!
Imagine what Julius Caesar could have accomplished if he wasn't betrayed.
Constantine saw himself as Sol Invictus too
+TheMauerbauer
True, especially in his early reign regarding his iconography and public image.
Mithridates I think the reason he didn’t go with sol Invictus is because of the clear structure of the early Christian Church.
"His paranoia led to his assassination"
Isn't that just called being justly worried lol
Hadrian: "We're gonna build a wall, and Scotland is gonna pay for it!"
Valerian: "Illegal aliens are pouring in!"
Aurelian: "Make Rome Great Again!"
Diocletian: "We're making YUGE progress!"
+William Shakespeare come on, you are Shakespeare, you can do better. )
+Luis Aldamiz The empire fell when the Ottomans captured Trebizond.
+Luis Aldamiz Dude, have you watched the "Kings & Generals" channel's Ottoman Battles series?
+Luis Aldamiz Also, don't mix up the fall of the Western Roman Empire with the fall of the empire as a whole. Th Eastern Roman Empire continued to exist.
Later, in the 4th Crusade, the Crusaders established several states, and some others also gained independence. The Romans withdrew in what are known as the Empire of Nicaea, the Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. The Despotate of Epirus eventually fell, while the Empire of Nicaea retook Constantinople and restored the Eastern Roman Empire. Even, the Despotate of Morea would separate from the Eastern Roman Empire, but it continued being Roman. In 1453, Constantinople fell, and with it, the Eastern Roman. That wasn't the end of the Roman Empire, though, as the Despotate of Morea remained independent until the mid 1460's, while the Empire of Trebizond, the last remnant of the Roman Empire, fell in the late 1460's or early 1470's (I'm not entirely sure).
+Luis Aldamiz But then there's both the continuity and the self-identification arguments. In both of these, the Eastern Roman Empire has a strong claim. Unlike some other empires like the "Holy Roman Empire", which wasn't Holy, was Roman and wasn't an Empire. Or the Ottomans, considered themselves the new Rome after they captured Constantinople. A similar effect after the fall of Constantinople is also that the Russian tsars claimed to be inheritors of Rome, because of the marriage of a Muscovite grand prince to the niece of Constantine XI and Moscow becoming the seat of Eastern Orthodoxy. The Russian claim is arguably stronger than the Ottoman and maybe the HRE's claim, but far from enough for me to accept them as Roman. Also, it must be said that the Greeks called themselves Romans almost all the way up to their war of independence.
2:02 Maybe his paranoia wasn't so crazy, somebody was out to get him.
It is a bit circular. First, you are paranoid and execute people, then other people are really out to get you. :-)
I guess the trick to being a ruler is to be paranoid about how paranoid you should be at all times. Between that and your family members murdering each other in power struggles, I figure being a ruler is hardly worth it.
Some people are more suited for it, I guess. But, overall, being a Roman Emperor was a crappy job. :-)
Self fulfilling prophecy
Well he did have a lot of assassination attempts on him
imho if not for Aurelian, the Empire might have fragmented into several successor states two centuries before the actual fall of the West. He was basically Claudius' military right hand during his predecessor's reign and was probably the only man that could have restored the unity of the Empire after Claudius' death.
Great video of a confusing time in Roman history, although Gibbon does a great job in Decline and Fall it's still a chore to remember every name of every man claiming the purple.
Thank you very much! Indeed, it is the most convoluted period in the history of the Roman Empire.
Aurelian is pretty incredible and reminds me a lot of Winston Churchill in the way he pulled his people together and fought back against overwhelming odds.
Jay Thompson No. Please do not compare a tactical genius to a politician. Churchill didnt do much at all,britain didnt do much at all in ww2 but poke its nose into Germany's huge tactical mistakes.
Such as: not winning the african front for good focusing on it,invading the russians at a bad time without knowing their technology and worst of all declaring war on usa after you basically failed your entire campaign. Aurelian took everything by himself,he went there kicked ass and came back as an emperor. Churchill just gave a speech about how great his island is and how they will defend till the last man when germany firstly allowed dunkirk,secondly wanted peace with the brits so they made vichy france and thirdly never wanted to invade UK *they really could have but not in 1940 when Sea Lion was made* because USSR was their ideological enemy. Churchill is a great man but he is overrated as hell in my honest opinion.
Yeah, basically Aurelian is more like if Manstein was about to become the fuhrer of Reich
@@kaynethwithmoor7963 yes exactly like that
can you do a follow-up video that covers Constantine?
We may, depending on this video. :-)
We are planning a video explaining our views on all that naming thing. :-)
Rome was dead before 476AD... Byzantium was falling in 476AD/CE... And by fall its more like Byzantium was split up.. By 1450 CE Byzantium was basically just the size of 1 state, it wasn't an empire.. Around the 1500's that 1 state of Byzantium was taken over by the Ottoman Empire.... Your welcome guys :)
I was just about to watch a documentary about this, but the awesome UA-camr ever upload so yay!
Thank you very much! :-)
Reading up on it, you can really feel how impossible the odds were against Rome at this time. The Roman Empire during the Crisis of the 3rd Century experienced 26 claimants to the title of the emperor within a span of 50 years, fragmentation into 3 separate states, and was constantly pushing back foreign invasions. An empire as large as Rome was at the time should've already fallen and imploded with such a bleak situation. Yet it survived long enough for a great ruler to rise to the throne. Yet this also goes to show how influential the Roman Empire was to the modern world. Not only due to their military prowess, their inclusive culture, and their adaptive government. But also their sheer will and "never say die" attitude. It bears weight when historians say that Rome was "late to the party, late to die". I don't think the even the early Romans would've ever imagined their nation and descendants to have lasted for over *TWO MILLENIA*
Aurelian definitely deserved his title as _restitutor orbis_ , or "Restorer of the World"
So Commodus was assassinated because he was paranoid? To me, it seems, like he had a good reason to be afraid.
Well done as usual.👍🏻
Thank you!
my heart skipped at a beat at Aurelianus. this guy was incredible! how did the romans manage to overcome everyone else while mostly fighting themselves is beyond me. amazing video!
How Rome survived this situation only the Gods know!
Yunus - Jonah Never intended to be an argument pal, merely an observation. I mean, you are the one who's attempting to start one over an imaginary figure in the sky, after all.
I wonder when you'll get the memo that the world's a bit more tolerant now.
Is there a need to indetify this God? I didn't mention anyone so why do you need to come here and talk about your only true god Allah..
Yunus - Jonah Enlighten me, how exactly is scientific theory less logical than the belief in a magical sky wizard? The saying that we use science to explain things we understand and religion to explain those we do not springs to mind.
And yeah, I'm starting to lose my tolerance, though I don't suppose it's logical to tolerate the intolerant anyway.
Yunus - Jonah And founded on logical basis, whereas instead of attempting to provide any meaningful explanation for our existence, you'd much rather believe in a guy in the sky creating everything. Islam is centuries out of date pal.
I'm quite educated, thank you, hence why I'll be off to work while you sit around getting pissy over someone using the plural of god.
Following your logic Yonus, then the Bible and the Torah (an any other sacred books from the Zoroastrians to the Papul Vuh) are the truth, explain how the Quran has the absolute truth and the other holy books are fake
what a setup for the new DLC to Rome 2, Empire Divided! Thanks for making this video!
Thanks for watching! :-)
Amazing video, guys!
Thanks! :-)
Your videos are exellent material for teachers and students
I knew history was complex but shit, these guys never had anytime to rest.
Aurelian was the real mvp
Yeah, he was very close to bringing the stability to the Empire.
Aaaaand then they went straight back to the Roman tradition of killing each other
This channel is one of UA-cam's hidden gems. Can't wait until it grows. You deserve to make that paper.
Thanks for the praise. :-) Consider sharing our videos - being hidden is not the best state. :-)
Great video and gorgeous visuals! Also love the Rome II inspired style and music.
Just one minor correction: Although still widely circulating in academia (and Wikipedia for that matter), the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent not under Traian (even when counting the soon to be abandoned Province of Mesopotamia ) but under Septimius Severus who pushed the boundaries even further (against the Garamantes in Sahara, the Caledonii in Scotland and he just as Traian also held large parts of Mesopotamia, just more permanently)
Just found this channel today. My God, the content is gold.
Welcome aboard! :-)
Odaenathus was a true Roman hero, precursor to Stilicho and Aetius.
This is so interesting, incredible! Your videos are so informative and well done! Huge fan!
Today (26-10) this video was used in the Dutch TV series "2 voor 12", I instantly recognised it, really cool!
Wow. :-)
Rockin' good history not well known by many who love Roman history. I hope you break this up into a series of documentaries; there is so much fascinating history here. Many thanks.
Thank you for watching! :-)
The Crisis of the Third Century is a really broad and complex topic.
Before watching the video I was like 'How are they gonna cover all of this in a 10-minute video?' But you guys pulled it off brilliantly!
Thanks :-)
" Aurelian became the Emperor shortly after "
Zenobia, gallic rebels, goths : Why do we hear boss music?
Rome always was lucky!
In all the centuries they have many incredible generals.
Africanus.
Marius.
Caesar.
Aurelian.
Belisarius.
Valentinian the Great was also a fantastic General before becoming Augustus
Content-wise this is really good. Visually, it is getting better and better. What a treat!
Fantastic job guys! I like that you gave my main man Gallienus a good showing. I haven't started writing Siege of Rome but I'm coming up to a big block of free time and I've been busy doing cool things which we can chat about on emails.
Thank you, my friend :) Yes, waiting for Rome. Let's chat. :-)
Amazing work. I can never click on a new K&G video fast enough. Also the narration is beyond pro.
Thank you! :-)
3 EMPIRES ! ONE DOCUMENTARY ! TENS OF BOXES FIGHTING ! KINGS AND GENERALS ! ( Medieval 2 Reference XDDD )
Why i see you on all videos i watch
anca nicolae Pentru că-mi place istoria ;)
Denis Costiniuc why do you have the Budapest flag in your profile?
Sövényházi Loránd Nem ! This is the Romanian Flag in another direction ! The official flag of Romania is like the French flag, however, I am a monarchist, so I took this flag for my profile picture !
I'm curious about Romanian monarchism, is it a decently sized movement?
Roman empire through out its entire existence: **collapse**
Impressive video. Had no idea the Romans faced such troubles around this time. Their's something to be said about perseverance. My thanks to those who made this video a reality.
The sound effects of the defeated or murdered characters are quite satisfying.
Really love this channel, keep up the great work!
Can we all just top and appreciate Aurelian. Respect to him.
Another great video.Thumbs up,as for all the others!
+I really enjoyed how You guys remade the old videos.From a history buff like myself-a Huge thanks!!!
Thanks for being with us! :-)
"It isn't paranoia if they're really out to get you!" - Commodus, probably.
This was brilliantly done as usual. I do hope you will go into the earlier and latter parts of the crisis.
Thank you! Planning to, depending on how this video will do. :-)
Hey Kings and Generals. Long time viewer, and I've been loving all your content; have you guys considered maybe doing a series on any of the Tudor monarchs? It would be interesting to see your take on Henry VII or Henry VIII.
Thanks for the consistently great content!
Thank you for watching! :-) Yes, we have planned a series of videos on the English history. Probably starting right after the Roman period. Eventually, we will reach the Tudors. :-)
+Kings and Generals Looking forward to it! :D Keep up the great work guys, we're all loving it!
Happy to hear that! :-)
Poor Lucius verus always gets forgotten about and overshadowed by Marcus Aurelius.
FYI they were joint-emperors for some time.
I love Aurelian!
Strong feelings, eh? :-)
Me too
I like the way you guys released this video at the same time as the Empire divided DLC for Rome 2.
Was planned like that. :-)
I thought as much. I'm glad Creative assembly and by extension you guys are giving this time period some much needed exposure. Thanks for the great work.
Thank you, good sir. :-)
Once again, a truly great video. I was quite interested by the Severus Dynasty's decision to expand the Roman military and then decrease the amount of silver found in its coin, as such a plan seemed to be foolhardy. You did an excellent job in explaining why that was, as the Roman Legionnaires did not receive a strong enough currency to pay for their expenditures. Also, with such a reduction in the quality of the Roman coinage, the markets were liable to fall, which they did, bringing further instability to the forefront of the Roman Empire.
Thank you for your kind words! Yep, the crisis has a way of ramping up. It is like a house of cards. One card is gone, and the whole house comes down.
Awesome. We can see through this video not only the Empire but slowly how the various European races settled and formed their states like Francs, Slavs, Gauls, Germanic tribes vs the traditional Greco-Roman world.
Yep, and we will continue releasing videos on that subject. :-)
Sweet baby Jesus riding on a majestic dinosaur on a mountain while shooting fireballs, YES!
I remember making a huge presentation about the crisis. :D It was so much fun.
"Sweet baby Jesus riding on a majestic dinosaur on a mountain while shooting fireballs" I LOVE IT :D
I wish I was able to create such amazing editing with maps. This truly captures the history and helps explain it for the audience in an entertaining way
Thank you! :-)
Once again a great video. I would just like to stress a part played by Aurelian. Taking the reins of the empire in the worst possible moment, he managed to defeat the barbarians and the renegade leaders in both east and west. Enough to earn him the title Restitutor Orbis - The Restorer of the World. He also tried to carry out a monetary reform. Although there was to pass some time before Diocletian came to power, much of stability that he was inherit was paved by Aurelian.
That is true! By the time Diocletian came to power, the Empire was united by Aurelian.
And he built the still impressive walls around Rome.
Brilliant! Beautifully produced and ably narrated. Thank you.
Honestly Gallienus gets a bad rap mostly because of what came after him, the awesomeness of Aurelian and the shorter awesomeness of Gothicus. But Gallienus was pivotal in founding the large mobile units centered on cavalry and was also the first emperor to place major political power in a cities outside of Rome in Milan and Aquileia.
Yeh. And in all fairness, he had done solid work in the northwest until his dumbass father managed to be captured by the Sassanids, thus prompting a massive series of attempted usurpations.
One of my absolute favorite channels!
Thank you! Will do our best to become THE favorite. :-)
Well done, thank you!
Thank you!
i love how its using all of total war assets from its music to its screenshots its amazing, love it keep up the good work!
Thank you, will do! :-)
I like how when you name the numbers of troops involved in battles you quote sources, as all the numbers you mention are highly suspect by modern historiens. Any ancient arme over 40.000 strong need speciel circumstances to be believed.
It is true, there is a serious debate on the numbers going on, and we actually working on the script for that.
froggymusicman a fair point, but we can not be sure that the Roman field armie in a given battle was bigger then their opponents. Rome could field a enormous number of troops combined. 300.000 under Augustus, after the total number rose sharply because of the civil war. Then it retained that overall size about up to Dioclitian where it rose again. The Battle of Cannae was one of the biggest ever, but a solid estimate about a large size full campaign army is 20.000 to 30.000 troops. And that is often the size of the large army's of the Persian/sassanied empire. The barbarian army's was in the same league, but they only have one army, where as Rome and Persian could field several at the same time on many fronts.
nodinitiative to my that is highly unlikely, as records from today focus on accuracy and precision, where as records of ancient times used a different set of ways to understand scale and numbers. To them. 100.000 meant unbelievable many, not the exact number. It is called a topos. Like when mediveal chronicles says 80.000 people died in a ravenna of the black death, but excavation indicate that the city only housed 40 to 50 tusind people total.
Darth Signifes You want a special circumstance? These were Roman fucking legions, they were huge
Here is your sign depends on a numbers of factors but a all round estimate of the size of a full Legion was 5000 men. Very impressive for a premodern state, but not exactly huge.
That knife-trick you guys used to depict assassinations was awesome.
Thank you, really worked hard on that. :-)
Will you consider doing the treachery of the Crusaders of the 4th Crusade
It is in the plans. Not sure about the timing. :-)
Sir, your videos are so epic! I discovered your channel few weeks ago but I was immediately amazed with quality. All your videos should be used in schools to teach history. Cheers :)
You, sir, are a gentleman and a scholar. :-)
Press F to pay respect to the Restitvtor Orbis.
Great video would love to see a full Roman Empire history video from you guys . Keep up the great work !!!
Thank you! More videos on the way!
they got lucky there with Odinatus ex macina.
Good one. :-)
Aurelian OP, Jupiter pls nerf.
Just scrolling through your video play list to see what I was in the mood for and I see a video on your channel I've never seen before! How this got past me when I thought I've watched all your videos at least five times I'll never know but it was like Christmas lol. I would love to see a video on the battles of Aurelius , I'm blown away by what he accomplished. What a good day this was ;)
Glad you enjoyed it :-)
"His paranoia led to his assassination"
There was nothing at the beginning, but then, when he started accusing and executing, people began attempting to kill him :-)
One of your best videos yet! Keep up the good work
That is nice to hear. :-)
Yea Diocletian, an awesome Emperor, that stabilised the Empire, brought peace, and prosperity to a world of chaos. And he is demonized cause he happened to dislike how a couple of cultists were turning everything upside down. (Cough* Christians.)
Thanks again sir. I dont know if you really made this video at the request of your viewers, but i wanted a video like till the fall or roman empire. Your videos are awesome and you guys are awesome!!
Thank you very much! :-) We are planning a few more videos on this topic.
4:55 "Passed away" Yea right
01:36 The next emperor after Hadrian was Antoninus Pius, not Marcus Aurelius!
One implication, the civil institutions of the Roman Republic fade away slowly over time as the necessity for empire and stability required a stronger and ever present military.
Ironically, in turn, I think one can argue that a lack of civil authority from the city-state weakens the overall ability of the empire to maintain peace and stability.
One could also argue that the Republic with its complete fixation on urban Roman politics and utter disregard for the provincial population, was quite detrimental to the wellbeing of the Empire as a whole. It was when Augustus relegated the Republican institutions to little more than window-dressing that created that peace and stability of the first 200 years.
When the 3rd century came, the civil institutions of the Republic had been basically dead or become part of the imperial administration for two centuries.
The problems were compounding. On the one hand, everyone, even the new citizens of non-Latin descent were hoping to keep the Senate intact, on another hand, Senate needed to approve the emperors, and it was impossible to have a clear line of succession. Army needed to be stronger, but the stronger it got, the weaker the Senate became and more say the legionaries had in the appointment of a new emperor. And so it ramped up.
Kings and Generals My conclusion that I get from your video and this running dialogue: There was a contradiction between the foundation/institutions of the Roman Republic, and the realities of establishing and maintaining an expanding state.
The Roman Republic was founded centuries earlier as a means to share power amongst the aristocrats, instead of having a king or absolutely monarch rule. The idea of sharing power, first amongst patricians and then later plebeians, was then established as a foundation of the republic. But, influence and power of the city-state then grew beyond the original vision of a republic of the Roman City-state. Over centuries of territorial acquisition, the Roman city-state morphed into empire. The senate voted Augustus to begin the new institution of the emperor as head of state. Augustus wasn’t supposed to be a monarch, but something like a monarch with specific war/security related responsibilities. This role would be hereditary, but merit was still required to maintain political allegiances and authority over all parts of empire. Over the course of hundreds of years since Augustus was first emperor, the power of emperor increased as the priorities of maintaining a large empire increased. It increased at the expense of the senate, because role of emperor became determined by previous emperors or military conflict.
I think that when the city was founded and during the early Republican era, it reminded of the Greek city-states. Think about it as a mix between Sparta and Athens. Neither Spart or Athens created large empires and so, they never transformed into anything else. Meanwhile, Rome did, and there was basically no precedent for that in Europe. So, most of the things they did after becoming an empire (in terms of territory and scale), was done for the first time. That is why we see constant pulling from each social strata. Another problem was that Augustus left a very vague state after him. I have been reading on Rome for two decades now, and I still can't pin down and explain the principate.
I love ancient history, especially that of empires. Sometimes I often wonder, hypothetically, how one of the empires would've turned out had it lasted into the modern world. I imagine the military might, the wondrous economy, and day to day lives of its citizens. Thanks for the enlightenment and knowledge of this great video. Keep'em coming. 👊🏽😊
@@actin9294 But Rome did modernize, after the Legions were becoming more and more ineffective the Romans completely transformed both their equipment and strategies. Once the Republic began collapsing and the senate became more focused on its own interests the Romans basically reformed the government itself. Theres many more examples of this, but I think the main reason most ancient empires fell was a series of bad luck (for Rome: incompetent emperors, corruption, middle eastern empires digging into asia minor, revolts and sometimes even natural disasters)
Hopefully Rome will never be in a humongous crisis like this ever again.
Sam McCullough as it doesnt exist any more....
cough fall west rome cough
cough seljuks cough
cough fourth crusade cough
cough mehmet the conqueror cough
SantomPh
Rome and it’s symbols still exist. It’s currently ruling Italy and the city’s flag is a red one with SPQR on it.
The editing on your latest videos is just fantastic! Keep it up!
We are trying our best. Thank you for watching.
I absolutely love these videos... more about roman empire please!
There will be more. :-)
i am sworn to share this astonishing video with astonishing quality
Thank you for sharing! :-)
Awesome stuff! I love watching stuff about Rome
More on the way. :-)
Among all the videos that accompany the release of the new Rome 2 Total War DLC, this is definitely one of the best.
Thank you, good sir. :-)