How I Culture Daphnia In Outdoor Tubs
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- Опубліковано 2 лип 2024
- You want to be raising daphnia, you just don't know it yet. I've been culturing daphnia in small outdoor ponds for six months or so. I love it, my fish love it, and it's saving me money.
For anyone who wants the specific carbon block filter used in this video, here is an affiliate link:
amzn.to/3UydC5H - Домашні улюбленці та дикі тварини
A few updates:
1) They did well through the summer with water temperatures peaking at 90F (the reproduction rate did slow a bit during the hottest times).
2) If you're concerned about mosquito larvae, cover the tubs with insect netting. It's cheap.
3) Moina are a different genus than daphnia. So are capuchin and macaque but we call them both monkeys. The phrase "for all intents and purposes" comes to mind, and the culture methods discussed here would be applicable in any case, excluding perhaps the high temperature tolerance.
Thanks for the update
Amazing content as usual.
Oh yea , I remember when I was in the hobby and used to culture these fellas . They were a treat to all my guppies and my pea puffer , he loved them . I had similar setups like yours , except I used tanks instead , not new ones used but scummy ones I had lying around . I got a hold of two started cultures for 200rs (2.52dollars ) from my Local fish store . I added the Moina in , dosed the tank with yeast and I used water from the most mature tank I had as I read cycled water from mature tanks give good yields . So I did just that , filled the tank up water from one of my mature tanks that was up and running for around 5 months and it didn't do me any good ( not that the moina didn't multiply that so ever ) but the yield that tap water gave me was a much better one . So I continued with tap water instead . I'd dose the cultures once every 3 or 4 days after I'd notice the cultures water returning back to normal from milky tint and after I'd dose it again , population boomed . But the problem I faced is constant dosing ( like I've mentioned every 3-4days ) in order to get myself a good amount of em which did lead to the water going stale and silly me , I didn't change the water . And yes , I had my culture indoors initially but moved them outside as it gave out a fowl odor which I couldn't bear. I didn't notice any change in they're productivity though . HERE'S A TIP - when culturing them ( scooping them out with a net ) have a light source , like a flashlight or your phone's flashlight near the waters surface , they're photosynthetic , meaning they get attracted to light . So yea , get a flashlight near the surface and all of them will accumulate near that light source making it easier for you to scoop out . You can use this method to determine and get a sense of the amount you moina you have in your culture as well .
Cheers , felt like sharing my experience with them . Have a good one .
Good tip, light is very helpful. I often harvest at night with a flashlight
What a great comprehensive video. So insightful . keep em coming
Great info, thanks!
Very informative content sir! More blessings to you and your channel!
Hey, great video. Thanks for doing this. We appreciate it. Just a suggestion to avoid losing your first batch: Split your first batch of Daphnia into 2 or 3 containers (maybe in different conditions). This way, if 1 crashes then the others may survive or thrive and can be used to re-seed the one that crashed. Best wishes.
Great video....and thank you. I am thinkin of raising some this coming summer. Keep rockin!
Thank you for the great information 🙂
This has to be the most in depth video on the internet in regards to raising Moina. Thank you for sharing all this knowledge and your personal successes/failures. My fish are quite pleased with the constant food supply of the live variety!
Cool sharing experience. love your video ❤❤
You have some of the best vids I’ve seen as far as real world useful info on so many aspects of the hobby. Enjoyable just to watch.
This is so informative! Great job, fantastic reporting!🌻🌼🐝 Keep it up 🙌
This is maybe the best video I have seen about daphnia so far. Thanks for the effort of good preparation, being consize and informative at the same time. Thanks Lowell
Thank you for the video. I appreciate that you put all stages of the process in one video. So often I find videos where they set up the tank or add fish/Daphnia in this case, and that’s it. That’s what I enjoy about ask your videos. They are so well thought out
great explanation, thank you
I’m so glad I subscribed and put notifications on, because you have yet to put a wasted video. I enjoy all your videos. Thank you for sharing.
So informative! Thank u!
Really appreciate every bit of this video. It's exactly what I needed to see to get me ordering some moina. Thank you for taking the time to share this.
That's great to hear :) I personally recommend splitting the starter culture in half for early crash recovery and also feeding very lightly until you get a feel for it. Good luck!
Great information 👍
Nice explanation thanks for sharing
Great video! Thanks for sharing.
Next summer I'll try my hand at keeping daphina following your video.
We are very blessed/gifted to have all the knowledge you share, fed into our brains, and efforts. Thank you for this. Knowledge shared, is an awesome way to live. ✌🏼🙏🖖🏼🧜♀️🐠🐠🐠
Cool explanation dude!! Here in the Philippines they are plenty here. We can get them thru creeks or other bodies of water that is stagnant..your explanation on how to culture is very specific and straightforward. Good job👌
I still managed to mess mine up - I'm new to this.
Great video
How awesome was the vid😬.. first time coming across your channel.. definitely subbing.. thanks for the vid
Good stuff!!...thank you
Loved your channel! Great video :)
Greetings from Portugal!!
Greetings! Thanks for watching
Thank You.
Thanks!
Nice video!
Hey,
Been viewing all your videos lately
Really great to hear you speak, you have a very clear and calm voice while still giving very clear and concise informations.
But in this video, its the first time you treat us with your face :) . Aah, water reflections ;-)
Cheers and thanks for the great work!
Hey, that's not a fish!
You need green water to do this long term and multiple cultures. My daphnia can survive being completely frozen as they come back every year.
so I can keep it in my greenhouse 😅
@@beatatarczon1402 yes 100%
Just collect the black eggs floating at the top and dry them on a sheet of paper so you will be able to start a new culture in case of a crash.
🥼
@@mr.octopus6972the eggs float? i thought they are normally sunk at the bottom or on dead daphnias?
@@tyngchinchillachang838 most of them do float but you can also find some at the bottom.
I am speaking of course about the black eggs who can endure a winter in the wild before hatching. Not those that hatch immediately.
They have multiple ways to reproduce.
I’ve had good luck with the active dry bakers yeast for both the daphnia and my newborn koi fry.
Great tutorial.
A few details are missing tho.
If you see a lot of daphnias with a black body, they are about to lay some protected eggs (these are the black dots that you can find in every daphnia tank) if there are many like this, they are telling you that water is about to turn bad and they need a water change. When times are good they are full of brown transluscent eggs and breed live babies.
You can collect those black eggs, dry them on a sheet of paper and keep them to start a new culture after a crash. These eggs are pretty hardy, they can survive freezing temperatures and hot dry summer on a piece of wood.
Water changes should be only for cleaning the bottom. Daphnias live and die so fast that the bottom will soon be covered with dead corpses. It spoils the water.
Alternatively you can use a bunch of assassin snails or a bunch of cheap shrimps to keep the bottom clean. They won't attack daphnias. You could also use detritus worms to achieve this. Natute takes care of itself.
The best way to feed that I found so far is one day yeast one day spirulina.
Spirulina will make green water or an algae covered botton so overfeeding is less of a problem than yeast that will fall down, rot and spoil the water.
I don't know where you buy your spirulina to find it expensive ? I've been able to buy a pound of it for 8$ Enough to feed for ... YEARS ahead !
Beware not to introduce any hunting predators in your tank. A single cyclop can reproduce and genocide all daphnias to the last in less than 10 days (happened to me). These can be found even in tap water in the form of microscopic eggs. That is why I use only rain water.
If you raise daphnias outside, be sure to cover the tank with a screen. Dragonfly larvaes, and water bugs are also feeding on daphnias. They have to be kept out.
Daphnias are living in the wild in foul swamps and are used to very acidic water. Tho they wont mind a higher PH I found they thrive more in rain water.
It is true that a little chlorine won't kill them. But it still can hurt all the microscopic fauna that has developped in your green water and serve as food to your daphnia. Better not do this at all.
You can add aquatic plants floating in the tank to help with oxigenation. Adding houseplants on top will suck up poisons. A piece of wood will help growing yummy algaes and microscopic organism that feed your daphnias. Again you have to be carefull about the introduction of unwanted predators so boil everything you wish to add in there .
In fact you could even make your daphnias their own aquascape in a natural Walstad tank. They are pretty fun to watch and very interesting creatures with their behavior. If I didn't had a wife my daphnias would not be in the basement 😅
Have backup live cultures. Crashes do happen overnight even if you take good care of it. Or collect eggs but you will have to wait.
Large containers give best yelds. Small ones crashes too often.
They thrive more outside even without having to do a thing. If you raise them indoors it's a bit harder. Try to emulate their natural environment as much as you can.
Great content. I have also found that they are very light sensitive. Daphnia don't like full sun but part shade, about 80% of the day. to thrive.
Sir, Thank you very much for your video, very specific, I have lost some crops and I think it is due to the use of anti-chlorine chemicals, because the university where I bought them said that they did not support heavy metals or chlorine and that is exactly what seachen Prime says to eliminate. In fact the last culture I put it in a densely planted 3 gallon tank thinking about an optimal place and I only have 2 Daphnia left alive after a week. I'm going to buy the active carbon filter Thank you for your information.
Perfect.
I wish u had merch I definitely would love some❤
Cool info
I have a large stock tank outside and seed that in the spring and let the algae from for hiding room fry. I'm under the strong opinion that air flow over the water helps move things around. Wind does not stay on and is all I use, I could spray water, mist etc if I feel it needs it. Mist or small fan can help inside the house.
Thank you very much
one of the best tutorials i've ever seen!
Excellent explanation. subscribed already 🙂
Great video about daphnia. Currently i had two 5g bucket filled with some leftover daphnia and duckweed and they just cant die i left those buckets unmaintained for 3 months until the water dries out and when its raining and the bucket fills with water the daphnia just came out from the dead and thriving, too bad all the duckweed died :(
wow nice bro
cool video
LOVED THIS!!! Very helpful.. ❤ Can you explain your pvc pipes in your tub?
I can! The pvc pipes are part of an air uplift system that automatically dispenses daphnia into two fish ponds on either side of the daphnia tub. It's all explained here > ua-cam.com/video/9Hc8WFCtqoU/v-deo.html
My city, we use chlorella to feed daphnia. Sometime we use the mixed food for it.
555 มาแกะสูตรจากที่นี่นี่เอง
The last time i collected daphnias there's a suburbs canal that's being blanketed by them due to their sheer numbers even tho the water was contaminated with detergents
Long time ago I read in a book, says pour chicken blood , leafy veg in prawn pond , where water is reddish it has daphnia where its greenish there are Artemia
Wow. I would like to learn how to have a brackish water prawn pond. 😁
I was going to culture these indoors…I think I’ll try it outdoors now! Fantastic thanks so much again!
There's pros and cons to both. Tbh if I had an indoor space to do this I would much prefer it just for temperature and mosquito control. With tubs outside I've had to heat them in the winter and cover them with insect netting to prevent a mosquito farm now that it's warmed up. The downside to doing it indoors is that raising a useful amount of daphnia requires a moderately large volume of water and depending on the food you use, the cultures can get pretty smelly. That said, I do keep a small (2 gallon) backup culture inside that I feed just enough to keep them going in case I have a disaster outside and need to restart without buying another starter culture.
Lowell's Fish Lab I was thinking of using a spare 10 gallon tank. I’m just in the beggining stages of attempting to breed apistos and maybe wild type mouthbrooding bettas, and I thought this might be a great idea, thank you much🙂👍🏻
@@pelhamsaquatics
I'm not expert but I've tried moina indoors.. didn't do well on yeast. daphnia was better. however you'll need to do more water changes if feeding yeast. you can try rotigrow & slow bubble aeration to keep O2 adequate as i think that's why mines crashed. plus keep led light on it...
what I'm saying is youll need to experiment until you get best yields. the best thing about moina is they multiply so fast even from crashed cultures its very forgiving compared to daphnia. best of luck.
CrowntailHalfmoon thank you very much! I appreciate any and all information thanks again🙂
@@CrowntailHalfmoon
underfeeding - daphnia will multiply less, grow more slowly, but survive.
a lot of food - smell, daphnia can die, water changes.
As for me, I'm lazy. So I'd rather less food, clear water, no smell, less daphnia and I just pour daphnia from a plastic bottle straight into the aquarium and add another water from the aquarium.
Seems like you have a open enough surface area for air exchange so aeration's not required. I mean, if you're using a tall slim bottle for example, may need it if population gets high.
I’m a fishkeeper that has no experience in breeding fish whatsoever. But i find myself going back to your channel again and again for that insightful content. I can listen to you talk all day without getting bored 😄 One question though, what do you normally feed newly hatched fry? If they’re really really tiny, what would be the best choice for feeding?
I use fine powder foods pretty often and for some species, live paramecia.
I recently read that daphnia turns red when there is little oxygen in the water. So if your daphnia is not red, you don't have to worry about aeration at all. 💚😆
My experience in breeding Moina is you need to sift on size. I bought a 4-set of BBS-seeves in the LFS and I´m feeding my Betta wrigglers with them. Only feed the smallest size and give back the bigger size to the Moinaculture. This way I avoid using BBS, since BBS are a lot harder to breed and frankly, they´re not as nutricious as baby-Moina. There´s another pré for baby-Moina.... BBS lose nutrition after a few hours, Moina don´t. And they don´t die as quickly as BBS since you don´t need salt to keep them alive. My Betta´s color faster and have more speaking colors when fed with Moina, over feeding them BBS. I see only advantages when using Moina over BBS. Great vid!!
I am getting ready to retry Daphnia Magna. I have slightly larger fish and want to feed them a variety of different sizes. I ordered around 200. I setup 2 10 gallons, 1 38 gallon tall rubbermaid and I was going to use tote like you showed in the video. I was initially going to split them into 4 different tanks to lessen the risk of losing them all. I was also going to feed dry bakers yeast like you do. I didn't think about the cost of adding spirulina over long term, so that was very helpful.
Is there any specific light that works better than others? I have a simple clip-on timer led bulb on the rubbermaid, 1 shop lights on the 2 10 gallons and I was going to put a old style t8 on the tote. I was also wondering I would have as much success keeping them inside vs. outside?
I went outside and fed my daphnia!
Love this tutorial! I don't have a good set up / get a lot of sun in my backyard; and I'd rather not do this in my front yard. If I throw an LED light on a container indoors, do you think it'll suffice for the light source?
Yes you can, no problem. They don't need bright light they just need some light and more specifically, a day/night cycle. 24 hour lighting seems to work fine too but my understanding is a day/night cycle is beneficial. For what it's worth your backyard lighting should be fine even if heavily shaded. Best of luck
Nice video! As always is so nice to see your projects. Maybe you can try cultivating green water to complement your moina cultures. I cultivate them for a hatchery of food fish, and found out better results with green water. I also wanted to cut the artemia cost, but found out much better results with moina than artemia, which I think are due to the fact that artemia only lives a couple of hours in freshwater
I haven't fed them with green water yet but I would really like to. Sounds like I need more tubs!
wowwwwww
Some people told that green water is a must its true or not?.Thank you for your simple but effective cuturing video
Not necessary in my experience.
@@MakeMoreFish thank you so much
I loved the video. Definitely something to add to the arsenal. I did have one question. I noticed the PVC pipes and water movement. Is that filtration or just a circulating pump?
Those are an air uplift system running on a timer to dispense daphnia into adjacent tubs with fish in them
Link to the net you’re using please? Very useful video.
amzn.to/3rfGBSw is the one I use
I do have a couple of questions. 1) How big was the initial colony that you spiked that 30 gallons with? I tried and they just did not make but I think my spike colony was to small. I just ordered it from Carolina Biologics. I was thinking of getting a larger starter and using less water initially
The group I added to a fresh tub in this video would have been much larger than a starter culture bought from carolina biological. If your starters are having a hard time taking root in a large water volume, I think that's a great idea to start out in something smaller and let them replicate to a larger number.
Only question I have is about pvc tubes and their purpose
Thanks for the detailed video. I am thinking of a culture. During Winter do you keep the culture outdoors and add a heater OR keep it out without a heater?
Depends how cold your winters are but I heat mine to the low 60s to keep them reproducing.
Start with dirty tank water and hit it with the light. Turn it good and green. No yeast water until after they claer the green water
And no heavy feedings . You dont want it to smell like a sewer.
D. magna respond much more positively to aeration. Moina are more hardy and grow in denser populations.
Question: How do you change the water? Do you just toss out the sludge on the bottom? What about the eggs mixed in with that bottom sludge? Any suggestions would be much appreciated. Best wishes.
I have holes drilled in the tubs to act as an overflow when I change water. I keep them plugged with coarse foam to keep bugs out. I do sometimes siphon waste off the bottom but not very often.
I live in an apartment, and I've been feeding frozen daphnia, but I've been wanting to find a way to grow live daphnia, and there's two questions I'm hoping someone will answer. Do you think it would be possible to grow them indoors in smaller containers? I was thinking along the lines of a Rubbermaid dishpan that can be kept on a shelf. Second, is there a strong odor from growing daphnia like this? In other words, if I were to do this indoors, is my apartment going to get stinky?
I keep a 2 gallon backup culture indoors so I know they can be maintained in a small amount of water I'm just not sure how productive it would be. It can smell, depends what and how often you feed. I don't usually notice anything
For baby fish use oat microworms
Great info thanks
What’s the white pvc pipes for in the tubs?
Those are just in the original tub and they're part of my mad scientist method to autofeed daphnia to my pond fish. There's a whole other video about it: ua-cam.com/video/9Hc8WFCtqoU/v-deo.html
@@MakeMoreFish oh yes I remember that video
Cheers
Have you ever considered culturing paramecium to feed fry? IIRC they will eat yeast as well.
Yes, I love paramecium
Does heating it cost much in winter? My outdoor water gets to about 50 in winter. Will they die or just slow down? Also, Are there any problems, in summer, with mosquito larvae eating daphnia or moina, or copepods if you have experience with these? Is it better to have a screen lid? I’m trying to do cultures in 2x 20 gallon plastic containers. Thanks.
A little, but I have mild winters and covered the tubs with greenhouse panels to insulate during the winter. Mesh screen in the summer to limit mosquitos
Would it possible to breed them in a tropical tank but inside a fry box without the separation middle slit bit at 80? what’s the ideal temp
They are happy around 70 but it's a wide range. I would recommend a dedicated space for them
I might have missed it but how do you do a water change without sucking them up and how much of a water change?
I siphon off the bottom. I'm sure I lose some but they reproduce quickly.
I used to feed daphnia to my fish, but then I realized that the fish live longer based on eating plants and natural foods with a soil and sand base with everything I can get from outside.
Also, I didn't like to see them get eaten. Spiralina produced loads now daphnia, and sooner, and that's because that's overall healthier.
Remember, you are what you eat. So, if you want higher quality foods, then feed them higher quality foods. That's just how it works, for those that use daphnia as feed.
Sounds like something a vegan would say.
How can you regulate the temperature outside, so it doesn't too hot or cold? I live in the Southwest desert in the US, and the temperatures in the summer time can get to over 100F or 37C. In the winter time, the temperature can go as far down as 50F or 10C. Most of the time the temperature year round is never around the 70's. 3/4 of our years are really hot.
I have similar weather and it's been working out well for me. I keep the tubs in shade so they don't get baked during the summer and during the winter I actually heat them and cover them with greenhouse panels to trap heat.
7:27 that little guy really wanted to be on camera
is there a way to enrich daphnia like gutloading? also true aeration gives me bad results and daphnia in my surroundings (where i get them) seem fine with stagnant water
Sure, any good food you can powderize they'll eat. Doesn't get much better than spirulina
try feeding them a load of green water(chlorella) the day before you need them.
What if you also put in food for the yeast? Like sugar or oatmeal or something. Wouldn’t that cut down on cost for the yeast aswell?
I've tried that in paramecium cultures that I also feed with yeast. I can't tell if it helped or not but it did seem to cause the yeast to congeal into floating masses. I wasn't a fan of that. I really don't have enough information to say one way or another but I think it's an interesting idea to explore.
Where can I find a large black tub like that?
I bought the round ones from lowes. They are 20 gallon pond liners. The larger rectangular ones are just storage totes. Any large hardware store ought to have them.
Why you used yeast for feeding ? what are they inside the yeast ?
yeast is nutritious and fits the profile for what daphnia like to eat. Not my idea but it certainly works.
So, Just need to Feed them twice a week, and do water changes only If you feel That maybe something is wrong? Or do water changes regulary too?
For me, yes. If I were better at my job I would feed them smaller amounts more frequently but twice a week seems to work just fine. I don't think there is a need to water change regularly but it does help to give them fresh water every once in a while
How are the summer 'hot' tubs going?
Early in the summer the reproductive rate actually increased for a while then dipped during day time high at or above 100 degrees. They can handle the heat but they don't love it
@@MakeMoreFish very good. Thx! 🍻
since you're culturing outside, what do you do to prevent mosquito larvae or other pests from getting in the culture?
During the winter it wasn't an issue. Now that it's warming up I'm covering the tubs with insect netting
@@MakeMoreFish There are mosquito larvae in the cultures in the video. They will prey on the moina I believe.
As will has fish after netting them out. 😊
@@bubblerings yes, mosquito larva is excellent fish food. but fry are too small to eat them. uneaten mosquito larva turn into mosquitoes inside your house. hey lowell, if you see this, how do you know when to feed the culture? do you wait till the water clears, or just feed once a week? that's what i need to know.
not related to the videos but I saw you have chili rasbora. have you ever try to breed them?
Yes but not successfully
hey man any chance you could show the filter on ur garden hose and is it a straight up just bolt on and have declorinated water ?thanks in advance
sure, here's a link: www.amazon.com/gp/product/B007I6MN72/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1
it really is that easy. Hook it up to a hose and you're good to go.
@@MakeMoreFish thanks man youre a life saver 🙏
how to avoid mosquito larvae in this culture?
Insect netting or some other covering
Will it work during winter?
Sure, just depends how cold your winters are. In my case I heat them at least to the low 60s
Could you write down the variety of daphnia you're breeding? I don't recognize the name you're saying and I'm having trouble googling it.
Moina. They are in a separate genus but are a "daphnid" so sometimes are referred to as daphnia moina. They're small and I like that.
@@MakeMoreFish Thank you. After I saw your video, I actually found and bought some moina eggs and started my own culture and they're doing very well! (And I'm breeding some CPDs based on advice from your videos, too.)
Why dont you get a reverse osmosis machine ? Its cheaper if you buy a small machine to use the desalinated or in your case de-chlorinated water ? I am in UAE we have desalinated tap water that is pure enough to even drink it.
Excellent advice Sir.
i haven't had much success with moina cultures indoors feeding yeast. I'll try outdoors. Sir how often you harvest them once the population density is adequate?
Also you recommend using snails & guppy grass to help maintain water parameters?
you mentioned water changes do you siphon of bottom or top ?
will rain water or just replace evaporated water levels be sufficient?
How often I harvest is completely a judgement call. Depending on temperature and how much I've fed I could be harvesting once a day or other times only once or twice a week. If I see a dense population I harvest. If I don't, I let them multiply for a little longer. Right this second there are some pond snails living in the culture but only because the water is fairly fresh. Over time it will become toxic even to pest snails long before it becomes toxic to the daphnia. Submerged plants wouldn't survive either. Light would be blocked out by the opaque water and they would be covered by slime. I most often change water by flushing with fresh water from the hose and allowing it to overflow out a small hole I drilled near the top of the pond. I have also siphoned off the bottom.
@@MakeMoreFish
Thank you Sir for sharing.
Have you tried feeding greenwater?
@@MakeMoreFish
Ooh i forgot to mention I often harvest at night using light. The moina are attracted like bbs so this gives me ideas of how large population. I collect them & put in small specimens container with some vitachem or selcon liquid vitamins overnight then feed in morning.
I haven't but I would really like to. At the moment the space I could dedicate to a green water source is better used by another daphnia tub. In other words I would rather have two tubs fed by yeast than one tub of daphnia fed by green water produced in another.
@@MakeMoreFish Have you tried floating plants in the daphnia bins? Nitrogen-hungry plants like water hyacinth, water lettuce, or salvinia might work. Plants can tolerate much higher levels of ammonia/nitrates than fish or snails can.
Chlorine will evaporate after a few days so you could have some spare containers filled up ahead of a water change.
Does that make your TDS low as well? That carbon block filter?
Probably a little
I need someone to do it for me lol 😂
Does your yeast ever settle out of solution?
I'm sure some amount settles out but it takes a while. Blending helps to keep it in suspension
How are you dealing with mosquitoes???
I have insect netting over them now. Not a fan of the mosquitos
plus it free food for bigger ones. but the screen works best. the yeast co2 emitted attracts them.
How do you prevent mosquitoes and other outdoor insects from accessing and breeding in this outdoor tub?
Insect netting covering the tops
Can I use this same process to start mine but with moina daphnia eggs?
I would assume so but I've never hatched them from eggs
@@MakeMoreFish I have found someone now with live daphnia instead of eggs :) am I able to use RO water instead of rain water? My RO water is 2tds.
@@markossbertoux5285 I could be wrong but I think they need some minerals in the water. Using aged tank water is pretty common. I use tap water run through a carbon block to dechlorinate. If you don't have chloramine you could also just let tap water sit for a couple days and naturally gas off the chlorine
Bull food store sell spirilina cheap.