This was a comprehensive explanation of the century of humiliation. Well done! In future, i'm certainly going to watch this again. There is so much information to absorb.
Loud music, other than that brilliant video, the structure is excellent (in terms of jumping between time periods to explain continuity and the modern day) long form videos like this are very appreciated
Heavy, Dense, and very much worth the watch. Absolutely first rate content. I particularly noted the structure, which jumped forward several times early on, to tie 19th Century events to the era of the CPC. It seemed disjunct at first, but I have been watching these videos for some time now, and I know the quality of writing on this channel. The result was comprehensive and satisfying. Well done, and keep up the great work!
Whoever's wondering, "extraterritoriality" means being able to enforce laws outside their jurisdiction of origin. It's what makes the ICC case against Israel legal, for example.
Over 80 000 or more than 1/2 of the Chinese labourers sent to Europe passed through Canada. They were first landed of the coast of Vancouver Island for quarantine then taken to Vancouver and taken to Halifax in sealed trains and then shipped across the Atlantic.
The problem with this narrative (and I am not suggesting that there isn't a huge amount of truth to it) it that ignores China's historical relationships with its neighbors. China's historical neighbors (including ones it now considers to be part of its territory) view China as the grand imperialist bully which imposed unfair treaties and interfered in their internal politics as they saw fit. That means that while the century of humiliation narrative is a useful tool for looking at one part of Chinese history, and arguably useful for looking at one set of modern Chinese forigen relations, it breaks down if you try to view other relationships through it.
By ones it now considers to be its territory you mean Taiwan? It’s a Chinese colony, how do you think the aboriginals ended up on the mountains when their ancestors live on the coastal plains?
@@lolasdm6959Taiwan is an example of an indigenous people colonized, Xinjiang and Tibet follow this pattern too. Vietnam's whole history is basically fighting off Chinese imperial colonization, until the French and Americans showed up for some variety.
Every nation and people who have lasted long enough have both been victims and attackers. It's the story of human civilization. An example is Britain. It was a Rome colony for hundreds of years, then a Viking and then a Norman. Before, it became the largest Empire in the world. Hopefully, humanity has learned from its past, but also remember that no one's strong forever and pay back a bitch.
@@lolasdm6959 I mean, it is. Britain feeling it's not European started due to the British Empire. With a world-spanning empire why should it bother itself with being friendly with its Continental neighbors? That feeling that they don't need Europe and they have the Commonwealth to fall back to plays a big part in the Leave campaign rhetoric...
To David and the entire Cold War crew, It would mean a lot to me if you made videos on these following topics: - Argentina during the rule of Juan Peron (and how his political and economic legacies still affect Argentina to this day) - Thailand's on-and-off military governments and lese-majeste laws (which still occur even after the end of the Cold War) - Gastarbeiters (foreign migrant workers) in both West and East Germany (as well as their descendants who have remained in Germany) - Bantustans (black homelands) in Apartheid-era South Africa - The history of Quebec's Quiet Revolution (and how it led to the secularisation of Quebec's society and government) - The history of Macau during the Cold War and how it contrasts with Hong Kong's Cold War history Thank you very much and please accept my requests.
When I was growing up in China in the 90s I remember learning about this subject as early as elementary school. It was taught to increase Chinese patriotism (which was more like nationalism). It was only later, after growing up and moving abroad, did I learn how much corruption and internal politics handicapped China’s efforts of modernization, leading to its weakness. China sent many scholars abroad, similar to Japan, to learn modern economic/industrial/military knowledge and tech. But when those scholars returned, they were pushed out of politics, ignored, or sometimes jailed/killed due to internal politics. While in Japan, those ideas were quickly adopted. China shot itself in the foot. The story taught in Chinese schools completely ignores its own contribution to the “Century of Humiliation”. Not surprisingly. 😂😂
They turned up the propaganda post Tinanenmen square protest. I grew up the same time you did and my parents explained that to me. I came home from 1st grade repeating government propaganda and my father almost beat me. My family never discussed politics and my father decided to explain to me how my grandfather went from being a mid level CCP official to being purged by the red guards. My father was very jaded regarding to the CCP but none the less is an ardent Chinese nationalist and insisted that the Korean War was an attempt by the U.S. to invade the PRC that China repelled.
@@zeitgeistx5239It doesn't matter if they were really trying to invade China. The US Army presented at the border is the problem itself and would definitely not be tolerated.
Thank you for this longer-form video! I've just recently been listening to some content about the century of humiliation. I'm sorry to hear how many Western people took advantage of China in such detrimental ways, but I'm equally sorry to hear how corrupt the Chinese government at the time had gotten. God be with you out there, everybody. ✝️ :)
The Chinese continuously making opium irrespective of the ban but the opium from British East India Company is far better in quality and above all the price is highly competitive.
The Russo-Japanese war was NOT the first time a non white nation had defeated a white nation. Have you forgotten the Ethiopian-Italian war? For that matter the Ottoman wars in Europe?
They probably meant "in Eastern Asia", but the point of the sentence stands as it highlights the enormous impact it had on Western views of the region and on Russia's own reputation leading to the First World War
If you can lower the music and re-release this, it’s worth the effort. The video is really good, but the music is so loud that it distracts and makes the narration hard to follow.
Although many aspects are oversimplified (such as attributing the main issues of the Qing government to corruption, and delaying the time of warlord conflicts until after World War I, as well as including the United States among the Western countries that stopped exporting goods to Japan), as a video aimed at understanding the Chinese perspective on the "Century of Humiliation," it perfectly achieves its goal.
I love how history records the (what we, elsewhere, call druglords) British monarchy as doing business with (what we, elsewhere, call drug traffickers) "covert merchants".
Mao's masterpiece was making communism an element of nationalism and he managed to restore the union of China. If you go to look for Henry Kissinger's book "China", you can see how H. K. praised and had good words for comrade Mao, even if Mao's economic policies were a mess and made a lot of victims.
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country. This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it. Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power. From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan. China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries. However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development. The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power. --Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
Only lonely loves a pedant, sweetie. And you can’t mend wrong with righteous. Expansion refers to an extension of the original structure beyond its current boundaries. Consolidation means to take something distinct and integrate it as part of some greater whole. Consolidation is the more accurate descriptor. Not only that, it more accurately conveys the very sentiment for which you yourself are advocating.
Excellent video, full of all informations you need to understand the history of modern China, like great lesson at university, but pronounciation of chinese names... pls fix it in the future
amazed how China can be such a economic superpower when almost everything made there are of subpar-standard and not to mention their cardboard apartments🤔
Sad to see how Tintin has practically died out as a comic for the younger generation nowadays. Back in my time, Tintin was such a hot comic that the school library ALWAYS had multiple copies of each book, and they were STILL all loaned out.
Great video, however I think a shorter video focusing on a more detailed topic would be better, there are so many subjects within this one video. I would wlso make the map changes more detailed and dynamic.
China has fallen and risen many times before, but always as an autocracy that over time becomes distant from the petitions of its people, and ending up transitioning through mass violence. The way the Party's "新中国" is fundamentally trending, the PRC 党朝 might end up among the shortest lived of Chinese dynasties.
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
Actually Chinese rebels defeated Dutch on Taiwan, Chinese Troops defeated Russian troops in Outter Manchuria today's Far Eastern Russia in the 1600's. The Japanese was not the first time.
The anti-imperialist attitude of China and refusal to be bullied by western powers sounds quite a bit like the US's attitude toward european powers pre 20th century. We also built a big navy to earn international respect. "Speak softly and carry a big stick"
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country. This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it. Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power. From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan. China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries. However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development. The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power. --Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
They essentially what they did in many US states did for marijuana, legalized it & taxed as a legal business within the state. Federally it is still illegal thus the DEA can raid this establishments.
Sometimes taxes are not gathered directly, illegal migrants in the states still pay taxes such as when they purchase goods and services, the drug smugglers may or may not be taxed directly but the bribes they pay and legal purchases they make would still make there way to state coffers in a more roundabout way. Another good example is Italy counting its mafia black market as part of Italy's national GDP, which is hilarious to me.
28:08 I'm not sure if I fully understand, but are you delegitimizing valid criticisms of China's overseas conduct/foreign policy as being thinly veiled racism? Because if so, The Yellow Peril loses all meaning. Why not describe North Korea as a modern-day Yellow Peril as well?
China was never much of a naval power (the Ming-era Zheng He voyages being the main exception), classically sticking to being a land-based empire that was kind of scared of the sea. Hence their surprise when Westernized fleets came in force from their east (not just as isolated traders and pirates), and why the Qing court tried to put as many water features between subsequent foreign concessions and the rest of China.
@@doujinflip classically China isn’t a naval power but anytime a naval threat occurred, the Chinese fleet would make quick work of. The Tang sending a fleet of 50 ships to defeat a Yamato force of 300 ships attempting to aid Silla for example. Or the Ming imperial fleet defeating Dutch and Spanish in South China Sea. It was only until the advent of steamships that Chinese naval power was completely obsolete. Because they could evade fire ship and boarding ships even if the winds prohibited. They weren’t scared of the sea. There are 100,000 mongols plotting to raid China and you are going to go play with boats? Western monarches needed ships to reach lucrative trade in the east, China is the source of it emporer doesn’t need to look for something in his backyard.
It was not the west or the Japanese who humiliated China. it was the Manchu aristocracy of the Qing dynasty who ruled over the Chinese people as colonial overlords.A true Chinese state didn't exist between fall of Ming dynasty and the establishment of the first republic of China. This was conveniently forgotten
Thank you for the great video! Unfortunately, humans won't stop making wars anytime soon. First, they build an empire by subjecting and killing neighbors. Then, they encounter another similar but stronger force and suffer a defeat. But the war teaches nothing to either side. Instead of reflecting on the principles of imperialism and working for peace, the defeated side simply announces itself "humiliated" and prepares for a new war. Wasn't it similar after WWI?
The irony of china itself continuously acting as a hegemon and coloniser and being imperialist while simultaneously condeming such actions is lost on many but not all.
China literally sees herself as the center of the universe. Any barbarian (non-Chinese) state who conducts hegemony, colonialism, etc are condemned while China literally does the same things everyday. This isn’t a recent phenomenon as the old Chinese dynasties had done similar acts before.
Could you make a video about the Sikh Independence movement that took place in India during the 70s-90s? New evidence has come to light which suggests heavy KGB involvement in antagonizing Indira Gandhi to take a strong stand against the movement, as the KGB feared the CIA would start diverting funds intended for the Afghan Mujahids to the Sikhs.
Century? That glosses over the fact that for centuries before then China was dominated by northern invaders - Mongols, Manchurians .... Their beloved Qing Empire was one of them. It wasn't the greatest extent of China, it was the greatest extent of Manchurian power.
But the Manchurian rulers considers themself as Chinese, even the term ethnic Chinese (中华民族) was created by the for the Manchurian rulers to create a single Chinese ethnic. Since than most official documents up to today no longer uses Han to mention themselves but Five Race Republic, and Chinese to mention themselves. Manchurians and Mongols might not be Han but they are Chinese,
@@Jay-ho9io But they are more Chinese Mongols than Mongols from the rest of the world. And the mongols in inner Mongolia chose to remain in China, with the Mongols in Xinjiang even fighting so they can remain as part of China.
@@Lin-eo5xu No, they are Mongolian. Just because China colonized part of Mongolia does not make the Mongolians in that colonized area any less Mongolian. And they have no reasonable choice to leave China as China is a much more powerful nation which would absolutely go to war to make sure that did not happen.
Thanks to the stolen relics in foreign museums... Chinese relic and cultural was preserved... And those relics weren't destroyed during the cultural revolution.
Nope the forbidden palace was protected during the cultural revolution. As would the summer palace if the barbarians didn’t loot it and destroy everything which wasn’t nailed down. This narrative that burning down most of the summer palace preserved the small pieces they looted is rather revolting🐽
@@williamwan3712 it isn’t even that it’s just plain stupid. They destroyed more of the summer palace than they preserved. The communists also never destroyed imperial palaces to start with.
@@lolasdm6959The Forbidden Palace neighboring Zhongnanhai sure, not so much anywhere else where Mao encouraged destruction of the Four Olds that even included the looting and desecrating known tombs of past Chinese emperors. Hence why there’s arguably more intact Chinese history and culture in Taiwan, where the KMT didn’t institute an obliteration of its past.
@@doujinflip Ok, so why are we ignoring the fact that CCP would 100% protect the summer palace if it weren't destroyed? Also the cringe colonial apologists are literally saying they somehow protected the heritage of the summer palace when they burnt down the placed and destroyed vast majority of the art within, this is the topic at hand here.
The entire place is coastal. Living standards on eastern coast is similar but have you seen inland provinces? Many western provinces have the geography of Afghanistan and their living standards are held by wealth redistribution from the coast.
And if Sun Yat Sen is alive today, he will see a prosperous China that rose to second most powerful in the world or even first depends on what matric used.
There certainly was a century of humiliation, but that pales in comparison the millenium of humiliation that China put unto its neighbours... many of whom still suffer from it. Let's be real here, China was an empire that simply stumbled onto other stronger empires. And had the balance of power different, they would have acted equally "unequal"... if not worse. And failing to understand that, will be the downfall of the PRC, because the corruption that weakened the Qing, is once again deeply intrenched within Red China... with the very same disastrous consequences on the horizon. Oh and just to be clear... the suffering of one people never justifies or excuses the suffering of others. What the Chinese people suffered under their emperors, warlords, foreign powers, Japanese invaders is horrible, but it doesn't justify or excuse the suffering that Chinese governments brought (and still brings) unto Tibetans, Uighurs, Mongols, Vietnamese, Native Taiwanese, etc., etc.
China's internal affairs do not need foreigners to interfere, if you have interfered in China, China will always remember, Chinese people like to keep diaries。
@@Huajierenmeiluziye : "Internal Affairs" end where other peoples are involved. Tibetans, are NOT Chinese, Uighurs are NOT Chinese, Mongolians are NOT Chinese, Vietnamese are NOT Chinese, Koreans are also not Chinese, Manchus and Khitans also are not really Chinese. The list goes on and on and on... and yet... the CCP claims sovereignity over these peoples. So, please, leave all those people to their own "internal affairs", instead of enslaving them. And by the way, that also applies to all the other empires.
@@bikkiikun China has a word called 十全武功。It means that the Qing Dynasty accomplished all the territorial goals that the Chinese empire wanted, even though the Han were not the rulers, but the Han were the main players。In the eyes of the traditional Chinese empire, 十全武功 was already the greatest achievement, so they began to give up and live in their own world, until a century of humiliation came, and China made a thorough Westernization, in order to survive。
@@bikkiikunI think you best realize the difference between “Chinese” and “Han Chinese.” They are two very different concepts. Going by your logic, the now extinct Khitan people wouldn’t adopted Chinese names, language and ways of life etc back then IF they didn’t want to be Chinese. In another word, they didn’t became Han Chinese, but they did become Chinese, and that’s how they saw themselves. It was a matter of choice, same goes with Wuhuan Xianbei Shatuo and many more of them. However, here you’re making it sound like every single one of those non Han Chinese was conquered by the Han Chinese, forced to become Chinese. Now I wonder if Russian Chinese were “forced” to become Chinese too.
Lots of good info here but to say that the US “accidentally” bombed the Chinese embassy is hilarious. It was bombed with JDAM GPS guided bombs and the “wrong” coordinates were given by the CIA .
It was absolutely abhorrent that the British forced the Chinese to open to trade as the US did the same to Japan! And the treaties with both countries were horribly unequal right up to the Treaty Of Versailles and the league of Nations where Japan wanted wording that all races be treated equally and yet that was refused. It’s no wonder the Chinese are always suspicious of the West. DAVID- This was just excellent and I think I understand modern China today after this really great and easily understood narrative. I love the way you took a😢idea or event from its fruition through to modern day. I agree with the Chinese that it most certainly was a century of humiliation and explains why China is so suspicious of everything the West does whether real or imagined!
@@ToastieBRRRN Occasionally, rarely, someone will publish something or talk about that in China. At which point the censors take it down usually. Political conveniences.
@@nickorme8112 If you can browse the Chinese internet, you should know that there are quite a few people holding the same opinion, and it has even become more popular due to the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Today's China is a nation without memories, on many levels. There are books and shows, sure, but merely tales for beer & snacks. Everything pre-1937 is lost; 1937-1949 had only wars; 1949-1980 had only hungers; many "traditions" in the collective psyche were invented only in the 2000s. Worse, today's college age generation don't even know China pre-2012. When the oldest alive generation received no real education, when you burned or appropriated everything of old, when you would rather avoid whole 3 decades. no surprises here. China of old was likely shitty and backward, but replacing everything with a new 'religion' was not the way. Islam replaced Middle East, this new religion replaced china.
@@rp-hr1qsbro is speaking as if China had public education before the communists, modern China is superior in every way to pre communist China by any metric.
Hang on, in what way did Islam 'replace' the Middle East? Islam had been the predominant religion throughout the Middle East for centuries, long before China became a communist state.
“The “century of humilation” was more than justified given the blatant hubris and bigoted supremacism of the “nation” the “century of humilation” fell upon.” This is a UA-cam comment section, not a echo chamber. Censorship is wrong.
Yes nothing is ever wrong, not then not now. The only right is the rights of the powerful, now former european powers cry foul because they are losing that right and china is rising to claim that. At least the us isn't too much of a crybaby
we are watching the rise of Zombies empire in america ' What happened to this Neighborhood? ' ' I've never seen anything like it': Inside the center of the tranq drug crisis ' ' Streets of Philadelphia, Kensington Ave Documentary, October 25-26 2023 ' - youtube
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country. This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it. Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power. From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan. China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries. However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development. The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power. --Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country. This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it. Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power. From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan. China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries. However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development. The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power. --Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country. This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it. Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power. From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan. China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries. However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development. The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power. --Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
This was a comprehensive explanation of the century of humiliation. Well done! In future, i'm certainly going to watch this again. There is so much information to absorb.
Loud music, other than that brilliant video, the structure is excellent (in terms of jumping between time periods to explain continuity and the modern day) long form videos like this are very appreciated
Great channel and this is probably your best video yet
Heavy, Dense, and very much worth the watch. Absolutely first rate content. I particularly noted the structure, which jumped forward several times early on, to tie 19th Century events to the era of the CPC. It seemed disjunct at first, but I have been watching these videos for some time now, and I know the quality of writing on this channel. The result was comprehensive and satisfying. Well done, and keep up the great work!
great depth & breadth with such a big topic， you guys have done a wonderful job！
So much history and understanding packed into one show … well done sir
Great video! This shows the strong link of history & current events in the Indo-Pacific.
Don’t forget the Boxer Rebellion was the subject a movie called 55 Days at Peking that had a catchy theme song…
Love your videos. Would you do a summery of the most important events each decade during the Cold War?
Whoever's wondering, "extraterritoriality" means being able to enforce laws outside their jurisdiction of origin. It's what makes the ICC case against Israel legal, for example.
Over 80 000 or more than 1/2 of the Chinese labourers sent to Europe passed through Canada. They were first landed of the coast of Vancouver Island for quarantine then taken to Vancouver and taken to Halifax in sealed trains and then shipped across the Atlantic.
The problem with this narrative (and I am not suggesting that there isn't a huge amount of truth to it) it that ignores China's historical relationships with its neighbors. China's historical neighbors (including ones it now considers to be part of its territory) view China as the grand imperialist bully which imposed unfair treaties and interfered in their internal politics as they saw fit. That means that while the century of humiliation narrative is a useful tool for looking at one part of Chinese history, and arguably useful for looking at one set of modern Chinese forigen relations, it breaks down if you try to view other relationships through it.
By ones it now considers to be its territory you mean Taiwan? It’s a Chinese colony, how do you think the aboriginals ended up on the mountains when their ancestors live on the coastal plains?
@@lolasdm6959 More like Indochina, which includes countries like Laos and Vietnam.
@@lolasdm6959Taiwan is an example of an indigenous people colonized, Xinjiang and Tibet follow this pattern too. Vietnam's whole history is basically fighting off Chinese imperial colonization, until the French and Americans showed up for some variety.
China complains about a Century of Humiliation, while Vietnam remembers a thousand years of subjugation by various Chinese dynasties.
@@doujinflip Both were bad events, both are worth discussing.
Every nation and people who have lasted long enough have both been victims and attackers. It's the story of human civilization. An example is Britain. It was a Rome colony for hundreds of years, then a Viking and then a Norman. Before, it became the largest Empire in the world. Hopefully, humanity has learned from its past, but also remember that no one's strong forever and pay back a bitch.
What do you mean? What is Britains payback? Besides IRA, everything else has been a net positive.
@@xunqianbaidu6917 that isn’t a result of their colonial past
@@lolasdm6959
Nonetheless now a part of their history.
@@lolasdm6959 You think the immigration at the expense of the citizens is a good thing for Britain?
@@lolasdm6959 I mean, it is. Britain feeling it's not European started due to the British Empire. With a world-spanning empire why should it bother itself with being friendly with its Continental neighbors? That feeling that they don't need Europe and they have the Commonwealth to fall back to plays a big part in the Leave campaign rhetoric...
To David and the entire Cold War crew,
It would mean a lot to me if you made videos on these following topics:
- Argentina during the rule of Juan Peron (and how his political and economic legacies still affect Argentina to this day)
- Thailand's on-and-off military governments and lese-majeste laws (which still occur even after the end of the Cold War)
- Gastarbeiters (foreign migrant workers) in both West and East Germany (as well as their descendants who have remained in Germany)
- Bantustans (black homelands) in Apartheid-era South Africa
- The history of Quebec's Quiet Revolution (and how it led to the secularisation of Quebec's society and government)
- The history of Macau during the Cold War and how it contrasts with Hong Kong's Cold War history
Thank you very much and please accept my requests.
@@Biggestkidyouknow What does that matter if they're being polite?
A great video. Thank you for providing such an in depth video.
The music is too loud in the mix.
Agreed.
I concur with your assessment, Doctor.
yeah, and it's horrible music. more like torture.
When I was growing up in China in the 90s I remember learning about this subject as early as elementary school. It was taught to increase Chinese patriotism (which was more like nationalism). It was only later, after growing up and moving abroad, did I learn how much corruption and internal politics handicapped China’s efforts of modernization, leading to its weakness. China sent many scholars abroad, similar to Japan, to learn modern economic/industrial/military knowledge and tech. But when those scholars returned, they were pushed out of politics, ignored, or sometimes jailed/killed due to internal politics. While in Japan, those ideas were quickly adopted. China shot itself in the foot. The story taught in Chinese schools completely ignores its own contribution to the “Century of Humiliation”. Not surprisingly. 😂😂
They turned up the propaganda post Tinanenmen square protest. I grew up the same time you did and my parents explained that to me. I came home from 1st grade repeating government propaganda and my father almost beat me. My family never discussed politics and my father decided to explain to me how my grandfather went from being a mid level CCP official to being purged by the red guards. My father was very jaded regarding to the CCP but none the less is an ardent Chinese nationalist and insisted that the Korean War was an attempt by the U.S. to invade the PRC that China repelled.
An attempt to invade The PRC...
Wow
So you mean the colonism can be justified just because they are weak? Nonsense😂
@@zeitgeistx5239It doesn't matter if they were really trying to invade China. The US Army presented at the border is the problem itself and would definitely not be tolerated.
真是一条好狗啊😂
I LOVE YOUR CHANNEL PLEASE NEVER STOP CREATING ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Please more videos. Thank you and have a great day
The most accurate of describing Chinese history narrative in youtube, applause from China
Great video, but the music is so loud to the point of distraction.
Yay! I was missing my next instalment of the Cold War!
More hour long videos please
Thank you for this longer-form video! I've just recently been listening to some content about the century of humiliation. I'm sorry to hear how many Western people took advantage of China in such detrimental ways, but I'm equally sorry to hear how corrupt the Chinese government at the time had gotten.
God be with you out there, everybody. ✝️ :)
The Chinese continuously making opium irrespective of the ban but the opium from British East India Company is far better in quality and above all the price is highly competitive.
The Russo-Japanese war was NOT the first time a non white nation had defeated a white nation. Have you forgotten the Ethiopian-Italian war? For that matter the Ottoman wars in Europe?
The Turks keeps emphasising that they are Europeans too. I've know a Turk saying that they are majority Anatolians and hence white too.
@@landongsi TURKS WHİTE ASİAN NOT EUROPE TURKS RULE OVER EUROPEANS ROMANS THAT LİKE İN MONGOL RULE EUROPE.
Haiti defeating France as well...
第一次是商朝，第二次是汉朝，第三次是匈奴 第四次是唐朝，第五次是蒙古，第六次郑和，第七次 是郑成功， 第八次康熙，第九次是 冯翼才援越抗法 日俄不知道要排多少位。近代彭帅打败17国联军
They probably meant "in Eastern Asia", but the point of the sentence stands as it highlights the enormous impact it had on Western views of the region and on Russia's own reputation leading to the First World War
If you can lower the music and re-release this, it’s worth the effort. The video is really good, but the music is so loud that it distracts and makes the narration hard to follow.
Yeah, the music selection and integration could use some work
Although many aspects are oversimplified (such as attributing the main issues of the Qing government to corruption, and delaying the time of warlord conflicts until after World War I, as well as including the United States among the Western countries that stopped exporting goods to Japan), as a video aimed at understanding the Chinese perspective on the "Century of Humiliation," it perfectly achieves its goal.
Great video, keep up the good work
Really interesting 👍🏻
(Music too loud though)
I do stand with the millions of Chinese people. yet I am just speaking my mind. I am a simple man from the mountains. Let there be love.
great video? what was the music used in the production of this video?
Great video, I wrote a paper about the humiliation narrative before, this is quite well-organized
I love how history records the (what we, elsewhere, call druglords) British monarchy as doing business with (what we, elsewhere, call drug traffickers) "covert merchants".
Do you have any intention of talking about Ottoman Europe and how it lead to the political situation present during the Cold War?
Mao's masterpiece was making communism an element of nationalism and he managed to restore the union of China.
If you go to look for Henry Kissinger's book "China", you can see how H. K. praised and had good words for comrade Mao, even if Mao's economic policies were a mess and made a lot of victims.
I guess this must be why American politics seem to be recently turning into Maoism with American characteristics.
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country.
This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it.
Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power.
From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan.
China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries.
However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development.
The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power.
--Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
Good video.
Honey, note to your writers: taking a peninsula on the mainland when one only has an island is not consolidation. Its expansion.
Only lonely loves a pedant, sweetie. And you can’t mend wrong with righteous. Expansion refers to an extension of the original structure beyond its current boundaries. Consolidation means to take something distinct and integrate it as part of some greater whole. Consolidation is the more accurate descriptor. Not only that, it more accurately conveys the very sentiment for which you yourself are advocating.
@@williambrasky3891"only lonely loves a pendant, sweetie."
Nicely done. 🏆👍🏽
There is hilarious typo in the description
WOW!
Century of awesome 😉
Excellent video. Should be shown in history class.
Excellent video, full of all informations you need to understand the history of modern China, like great lesson at university, but pronounciation of chinese names... pls fix it in the future
amazed how China can be such a economic superpower when almost everything made there are of subpar-standard and not to mention their cardboard apartments🤔
You can say the same thing about Japan, they used to be like that, and now Japanese products are considered reliable, it took time.
lol you say that like the phone or computer you are typing this on wasn’t made there…..
Tin Tin and the Blue Lotus
Sad to see how Tintin has practically died out as a comic for the younger generation nowadays.
Back in my time, Tintin was such a hot comic that the school library ALWAYS had multiple copies of each book, and they were STILL all loaned out.
Great video, however I think a shorter video focusing on a more detailed topic would be better, there are so many subjects within this one video.
I would wlso make the map changes more detailed and dynamic.
I thought this was a Kings and Generals Video when I saw the thumbnail. 😂
Same, I think thats how they get ya
Very nice video, although the quotes are a bit outdated. Chinese approved.
China has fallen and risen many times before, but always as an autocracy that over time becomes distant from the petitions of its people, and ending up transitioning through mass violence.
The way the Party's "新中国" is fundamentally trending, the PRC 党朝 might end up among the shortest lived of Chinese dynasties.
A wish is not a prophecy
Except it already isn’t lol. 秦qin didn’t even last 20 years and 隋sui didn’t last 40. 党 is already 70+ years
Shun Dynasty lasted for 2 years. Your claim is false, and I can see someone need to learn some history lessons.
I wasn’t counting minor principalities as a China-wide dynasty.
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
Not one country remains with clean hands!!
who has the power...
🇺🇸
🇧🇷
🇨🇳
Actually Chinese rebels defeated Dutch on Taiwan, Chinese Troops defeated Russian troops in Outter Manchuria today's Far Eastern Russia in the 1600's. The Japanese was not the first time.
The anti-imperialist attitude of China and refusal to be bullied by western powers sounds quite a bit like the US's attitude toward european powers pre 20th century. We also built a big navy to earn international respect. "Speak softly and carry a big stick"
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country.
This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it.
Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power.
From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan.
China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries.
However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development.
The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power.
--Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
3:01 I don't understand, it is an illegal drug. You do not pay taxes on illegal drugs. Was something way different then?
Taxmen probably just didn't care and taxed it anyway
They essentially what they did in many US states did for marijuana, legalized it & taxed as a legal business within the state. Federally it is still illegal thus the DEA can raid this establishments.
@@frankchan4272 Ah, I thought they did that much later though, after the Second Opium War.
Sometimes taxes are not gathered directly, illegal migrants in the states still pay taxes such as when they purchase goods and services, the drug smugglers may or may not be taxed directly but the bribes they pay and legal purchases they make would still make there way to state coffers in a more roundabout way. Another good example is Italy counting its mafia black market as part of Italy's national GDP, which is hilarious to me.
Reminds me that in the US, the IRS does not care where you get your money from so even thieves and drug cartels get taxed...
I am interested in the choice to use Communist Party of China rather than the more commonly used Chinese Communist Party?
Sometimes mega stupidity recycles itself...
Whats the intro song called
The loud music ruins the video
Please more videos about China
28:08 I'm not sure if I fully understand, but are you delegitimizing valid criticisms of China's overseas conduct/foreign policy as being thinly veiled racism? Because if so, The Yellow Peril loses all meaning. Why not describe North Korea as a modern-day Yellow Peril as well?
Old Chinese heroes from the olden day were probably spinning in their grave when they saw the Beiyang Fleet get crush by the Japanese.
China was never much of a naval power (the Ming-era Zheng He voyages being the main exception), classically sticking to being a land-based empire that was kind of scared of the sea. Hence their surprise when Westernized fleets came in force from their east (not just as isolated traders and pirates), and why the Qing court tried to put as many water features between subsequent foreign concessions and the rest of China.
@@doujinflip classically China isn’t a naval power but anytime a naval threat occurred, the Chinese fleet would make quick work of. The Tang sending a fleet of 50 ships to defeat a Yamato force of 300 ships attempting to aid Silla for example. Or the Ming imperial fleet defeating Dutch and Spanish in South China Sea.
It was only until the advent of steamships that Chinese naval power was completely obsolete. Because they could evade fire ship and boarding ships even if the winds prohibited.
They weren’t scared of the sea. There are 100,000 mongols plotting to raid China and you are going to go play with boats? Western monarches needed ships to reach lucrative trade in the east, China is the source of it emporer doesn’t need to look for something in his backyard.
It was not the west or the Japanese who humiliated China. it was the Manchu aristocracy of the Qing dynasty who ruled over the Chinese people as colonial overlords.A true Chinese state didn't exist between fall of Ming dynasty and the establishment of the first republic of China. This was conveniently forgotten
Typical western apologetics of their devilish colonial era 🙄
Thank you for the great video!
Unfortunately, humans won't stop making wars anytime soon.
First, they build an empire by subjecting and killing neighbors. Then, they encounter another similar but stronger force and suffer a defeat. But the war teaches nothing to either side. Instead of reflecting on the principles of imperialism and working for peace, the defeated side simply announces itself "humiliated" and prepares for a new war. Wasn't it similar after WWI?
The irony of china itself continuously acting as a hegemon and coloniser and being imperialist while simultaneously condeming such actions is lost on many but not all.
China literally sees herself as the center of the universe. Any barbarian (non-Chinese) state who conducts hegemony, colonialism, etc are condemned while China literally does the same things everyday. This isn’t a recent phenomenon as the old Chinese dynasties had done similar acts before.
Could you make a video about the Sikh Independence movement that took place in India during the 70s-90s? New evidence has come to light which suggests heavy KGB involvement in antagonizing Indira Gandhi to take a strong stand against the movement, as the KGB feared the CIA would start diverting funds intended for the Afghan Mujahids to the Sikhs.
Century? That glosses over the fact that for centuries before then China was dominated by northern invaders - Mongols, Manchurians .... Their beloved Qing Empire was one of them. It wasn't the greatest extent of China, it was the greatest extent of Manchurian power.
But the Manchurian rulers considers themself as Chinese, even the term ethnic Chinese (中华民族) was created by the for the Manchurian rulers to create a single Chinese ethnic. Since than most official documents up to today no longer uses Han to mention themselves but Five Race Republic, and Chinese to mention themselves. Manchurians and Mongols might not be Han but they are Chinese,
@@Lin-eo5xu pretty sure Mongols are..... Mongolian?
@@Jay-ho9io But they are more Chinese Mongols than Mongols from the rest of the world. And the mongols in inner Mongolia chose to remain in China, with the Mongols in Xinjiang even fighting so they can remain as part of China.
@@Lin-eo5xu No, they are Mongolian. Just because China colonized part of Mongolia does not make the Mongolians in that colonized area any less Mongolian. And they have no reasonable choice to leave China as China is a much more powerful nation which would absolutely go to war to make sure that did not happen.
@@Jay-ho9io Just because ethic Mongolian chose to live there doesn't mean it is part of Mongolia
Thanks to the stolen relics in foreign museums...
Chinese relic and cultural was preserved...
And those relics weren't destroyed during the cultural revolution.
Nope the forbidden palace was protected during the cultural revolution. As would the summer palace if the barbarians didn’t loot it and destroy everything which wasn’t nailed down. This narrative that burning down most of the summer palace preserved the small pieces they looted is rather revolting🐽
That's not a way to legalize the colonialism
@@williamwan3712 it isn’t even that it’s just plain stupid. They destroyed more of the summer palace than they preserved. The communists also never destroyed imperial palaces to start with.
@@lolasdm6959The Forbidden Palace neighboring Zhongnanhai sure, not so much anywhere else where Mao encouraged destruction of the Four Olds that even included the looting and desecrating known tombs of past Chinese emperors.
Hence why there’s arguably more intact Chinese history and culture in Taiwan, where the KMT didn’t institute an obliteration of its past.
@@doujinflip Ok, so why are we ignoring the fact that CCP would 100% protect the summer palace if it weren't destroyed? Also the cringe colonial apologists are literally saying they somehow protected the heritage of the summer palace when they burnt down the placed and destroyed vast majority of the art within, this is the topic at hand here.
We all knew what drug can do to a nation folks...
Chinese can be prosper advanced and democratic... plenty of examples... closest taiwan... not small population there..
The entire place is coastal. Living standards on eastern coast is similar but have you seen inland provinces? Many western provinces have the geography of Afghanistan and their living standards are held by wealth redistribution from the coast.
And if Sun Yat Sen is alive today, he will see a prosperous China that rose to second most powerful in the world or even first depends on what matric used.
👍
38:10
as you see china had suffer a lot of abuse from the imperialist nations so this fuels the PRC as we knew today
"It was the first time in history a non-white nation had defeated a white nation"
Um, what about the Ottoman Empire colonizing Greece and the Balkans?
Or the Byzantines vs. the Turks, or the Visigoths vs. the Moors!
There certainly was a century of humiliation, but that pales in comparison the millenium of humiliation that China put unto its neighbours... many of whom still suffer from it.
Let's be real here, China was an empire that simply stumbled onto other stronger empires. And had the balance of power different, they would have acted equally "unequal"... if not worse.
And failing to understand that, will be the downfall of the PRC, because the corruption that weakened the Qing, is once again deeply intrenched within Red China... with the very same disastrous consequences on the horizon.
Oh and just to be clear... the suffering of one people never justifies or excuses the suffering of others. What the Chinese people suffered under their emperors, warlords, foreign powers, Japanese invaders is horrible, but it doesn't justify or excuse the suffering that Chinese governments brought (and still brings) unto Tibetans, Uighurs, Mongols, Vietnamese, Native Taiwanese, etc., etc.
China's internal affairs do not need foreigners to interfere, if you have interfered in China, China will always remember, Chinese people like to keep diaries。
@@Huajierenmeiluziye : "Internal Affairs" end where other peoples are involved.
Tibetans, are NOT Chinese, Uighurs are NOT Chinese, Mongolians are NOT Chinese, Vietnamese are NOT Chinese, Koreans are also not Chinese, Manchus and Khitans also are not really Chinese. The list goes on and on and on... and yet... the CCP claims sovereignity over these peoples.
So, please, leave all those people to their own "internal affairs", instead of enslaving them.
And by the way, that also applies to all the other empires.
@@bikkiikun China has a word called 十全武功。It means that the Qing Dynasty accomplished all the territorial goals that the Chinese empire wanted, even though the Han were not the rulers, but the Han were the main players。In the eyes of the traditional Chinese empire, 十全武功 was already the greatest achievement, so they began to give up and live in their own world, until a century of humiliation came, and China made a thorough Westernization, in order to survive。
@@bikkiikunI think you best realize the difference between “Chinese” and “Han Chinese.” They are two very different concepts.
Going by your logic, the now extinct Khitan people wouldn’t adopted Chinese names, language and ways of life etc back then IF they didn’t want to be Chinese. In another word, they didn’t became Han Chinese, but they did become Chinese, and that’s how they saw themselves.
It was a matter of choice, same goes with Wuhuan Xianbei Shatuo and many more of them. However, here you’re making it sound like every single one of those non Han Chinese was conquered by the Han Chinese, forced to become Chinese. Now I wonder if Russian Chinese were “forced” to become Chinese too.
中国的强大繁荣促进了这些地区经济的发展并且保障朝鲜不受日本帝国主义侵略
Lots of good info here but to say that the US “accidentally” bombed the Chinese embassy is hilarious. It was bombed with JDAM GPS guided bombs and the “wrong” coordinates were given by the CIA .
Hah! China is fighting against imperialism whilst being imperialist😂
And China has still Not Gotten over it. Talk about Wanting to Play Victim. 😂
It was absolutely abhorrent that the British forced the Chinese to open to trade as the US did the same to Japan! And the treaties with both countries were horribly unequal right up to the Treaty Of Versailles and the league of Nations where Japan wanted wording that all races be treated equally and yet that was refused. It’s no wonder the Chinese are always suspicious of the West. DAVID- This was just excellent and I think I understand modern China today after this really great and easily understood narrative. I love the way you took a😢idea or event from its fruition through to modern day. I agree with the Chinese that it most certainly was a century of humiliation and explains why China is so suspicious of everything the West does whether real or imagined!
The background "music"/noise reminds me of the fact that I suffer from tinnitus.
Had to leave.
Still good friends with Russia. What humiliation?
The Democratic Party under the wise leadership of Obama and Biden pushed China into the loving arms of Russia. Classic Democracat.
I always find it amusing they don't demand outer Manchuria back?
@@ToastieBRRRN Occasionally, rarely, someone will publish something or talk about that in China. At which point the censors take it down usually. Political conveniences.
@@nickorme8112 If you can browse the Chinese internet, you should know that there are quite a few people holding the same opinion, and it has even become more popular due to the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Today's China is a nation without memories, on many levels. There are books and shows, sure, but merely tales for beer & snacks.
Everything pre-1937 is lost; 1937-1949 had only wars; 1949-1980 had only hungers; many "traditions" in the collective psyche were invented only in the 2000s. Worse, today's college age generation don't even know China pre-2012.
When the oldest alive generation received no real education, when you burned or appropriated everything of old, when you would rather avoid whole 3 decades. no surprises here.
China of old was likely shitty and backward, but replacing everything with a new 'religion' was not the way.
Islam replaced Middle East, this new religion replaced china.
The china with the new religion is superior in every imaginable way, can't say about some countries ditching pan arabism
Religion? It’s funny because we all know none of you guys wish for a powerful China so this religion must be hell of a drug.
The oldest generation received no education? Bro is talking like China ever had public education programs before the communists. Absolutely delusional
@@rp-hr1qsbro is speaking as if China had public education before the communists, modern China is superior in every way to pre communist China by any metric.
Hang on, in what way did Islam 'replace' the Middle East? Islam had been the predominant religion throughout the Middle East for centuries, long before China became a communist state.
Wow, this is the only video up this point that this channel calls the CPC by its actually name instead of CCP.
😂😂😂
“The “century of humilation” was more than justified given the blatant hubris and bigoted supremacism of the “nation” the “century of humilation” fell upon.”
This is a UA-cam comment section, not a echo chamber. Censorship is wrong.
Now you realize there IS censorship on YT
Yes nothing is ever wrong, not then not now. The only right is the rights of the powerful, now former european powers cry foul because they are losing that right and china is rising to claim that. At least the us isn't too much of a crybaby
“Because someone is bigoted it means I have free dibs on his stuff and can rob his house”
Wow some meaningful retrospective analysis going on here 🧐
Now I can't post comments?! YT should be sanctioned 😂
???
The video content is very good, but the music is so loud I had to stop watching
*2023
Taiwan is not the last territory, Russian possession of manchuria is still there
Comment section is full of sinophobic comments ofcourse as usual.
Its hard for westerners to cope to the fact that china is already leading in many sector, the era of being a world police is coming to an end.
Its hard for westerners to cope to the fact that china is already leading in many sector, the era of being a world police is coming to an end.
The eight nation alliance did nothing wrong.
we are watching the rise of Zombies empire in america
' What happened to this Neighborhood? '
' I've never seen anything like it': Inside the center of the tranq drug crisis '
' Streets of Philadelphia, Kensington Ave Documentary, October 25-26 2023 ' - youtube
Less than a year old sock puppet account
@@Jay-ho9io ha ha so afraid to hear the truth about america
为什么老外不懂中国的历史 老是用西方人的偏见去解释中国的近代历史？
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country.
This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it.
Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power.
From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan.
China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries.
However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development.
The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power.
--Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
Delete all this copy and paste stuff from little tian. It demonstartes what Chinese love to do: Copy and paste and no new thinking 😊
中国历史是一部民族辉煌的历史。目前中国人民强烈的民族主义与以往不同的，是它渗透于全社会之中，因为它吸引的人数之多是前所未有的。这不再是一种基本上仅限于学生的现象。在本世纪初，成为国民党和中国共产党的先驱者的都是学生。中国的民族主义现在已成为一种群众性现象，正在决定着世界上人口最多的国家的思想方式。
这种思想方式有着深刻的历史根源。历史使中国的精英倾向于认为中国是世界的理所当然的中心。事实上，中文的“中国”两字就是“中央王国”的意思，表达了中国在世界事务中处于中心地位的观念，并强调了民族团结的重要性。这种观念也意味着其影响力分成不同的等级从中心向周边辐射。因此，作为中心的中国希望他人对它敬服。
而且，自远古以来，人口众多的中国一直有一个与众不同的和自豪的文明。这一文明在所有方面都是极为先进的：哲学、文化、艺术、社会管理技巧、技术发明和政治权力。中国人不能忘怀的是，到约公元1600年以前，中国一直在农业生产率、工业发明和生活水平方面居于世界领先的地位。同抚育了约七十五个国家的欧洲文明和伊斯兰文明不同的是，中国在历史上绝大部分时间里一直是一个单一国家。在美国发表独立宣言之时，它已经拥有两亿多人口，而且还是世界上主要的制造业大国。
从这一观点出发，那么，中国从辉煌的地位上跌落下来，在过去的150年中蒙受了种种屈辱，是一种畸变，是对中国特性的亵渎，也是对每一个中国人个人的羞辱。这种屈辱必须洗雪，作恶者应该受到应有的惩罚。主要的作恶者是英国、日本、俄罗斯和美国。它们的作恶程度不一：英国发动了鸦片战争以及事后还厚颜无耻地贬低中国；日本在过去漫长的一个世纪里发动了掠夺性的战争，使中国人民蒙受了巨大苦难，但日本对此仍无悔悟；俄罗斯不断地侵吞中国北方领土，斯大林又颐指气使，完全无视中国人的自尊心；最后还有美国通过其在亚洲的存在和对日本的支持，成为中国实现对外抱负的障碍。
中国认为，上述四大国中已有两个受到了历史的惩罚。英国已不再是个帝国，米宇旗在香港永久地降落，结束了那令人特别痛苦的一章。俄罗斯虽仍是邻国，但其地位和声誉已经锐降，领土也大为缩小。因此，对中国构成最严重问题的只有美国和日本。中国将根据与这两个国家的相互作用，来最大限度地界定自己的地区作用和全球作用。
然而，这种界定首先取决于中国本身如何演变，以及中国实际上会变成一个多么强大的经济和军事大国。在这方面，对中国的预测，总的来说是有希望的，虽然并不是不存在某些重大的不确定性和制约因素。中国经济增长的速度以及外国在华投资的规模，都属全世界最高之列。根据这两方面的统计数字作出的通常预测是，在二十年左右的时间里，中国将成为一个全球性的大国，其实力大约与美国和欧洲（假定欧洲既深化又扩大了）持平。中国的国民生产总值现在已经大幅度超过俄罗斯，到那时很可能大大超过日本。这种经济发展势头将使中国有能力获得强大的军事实力，其规模将使其所有的邻国担惊受伯，就连那些地理上相距甚远、但却反对中国发展的国家也会感到害怕。
香港和澳门回归中国，以及台湾或许最终与大陆重新统一，这一切将进一步使中国得以加强，随之出现的大中华，将不仅成为远东的主导国家，而且成为第一流的世界大国。
--【美】布热津斯基，《大棋局》
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
很多都没讲出来，特别是八国联军侵华的罪行都被小编给简化了或者干脆省略了
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country.
This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it.
Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power.
From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan.
China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries.
However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development.
The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power.
--Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard
In a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country like China, only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard and the establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship can independence, self-reliance, industrialization and national rejuvenation be achieved. We will find that many countries that have held so-called "democratic elections" have essentially become controlled by the landlord class. The landlords then rely on selling resources to seek profits for themselves and become economic colonies of imperialist powers. There is a lack of industrial construction, economic construction, social construction and industrialization in the local area. In Latin America, the country is controlled by caudillos. Therefore, in third world countries, the elected parliament is a tool for landlords and comprador bourgeoisie to control the country. This is actually undemocratic because it represents the interests of a minority or the interests of foreign powers in the local area, rather than the interests of the local people or the interests of the majority of the local people. Under such conditions, if you want to truly develop, you must establish people's democracy. If you want to establish people's democracy, you must first overthrow the old parliament. Only through the people's democratic revolution led by the vanguard can you overthrow the old parliament controlled by landlords, warlords and comprador bourgeoisie, because it is impossible for the parliament controlled by the landlord class to pass any progressive reforms, promote social revolution and carry out industrialization, because industrialization will touch the interests of landlords and compradors. This is determined by the class nature of the landlords. If a country wants to industrialize, especially a late-developing country, it needs a strong leadership core to overthrow the landlord class, establish a dictatorship, and use the power of the state to complete land reform and invest in industrialization.
The history of China is a history of national splendor. What is different about the current strong nationalism of the Chinese people is that it permeates the whole society, because it attracts unprecedented numbers of people. It is no longer a phenomenon that is essentially limited to students. At the beginning of this century, it was students who became the pioneers of the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Chinese nationalism has now become a mass phenomenon that is determining the way of thinking in the world's most populous country.
This way of thinking has deep historical roots. History has conditioned the Chinese elite to think that China is the natural center of the world. In fact, the Chinese word "China" means "Central Kingdom", which expresses the idea that China is at the center of world affairs and emphasizes the importance of national unity. This idea also means that its influence radiates from the center to the periphery in different levels. Therefore, China, as the center, wants others to respect it.
Moreover, since ancient times, populous China has always had a unique and proud civilization. This civilization is extremely advanced in all aspects: philosophy, culture, art, social management skills, technological inventions and political power. The Chinese cannot forget that until about 1600 AD, China was the world leader in agricultural productivity, industrial inventions and living standards. Unlike European and Islamic civilizations, which have nurtured about seventy-five nations, China has been a single nation for most of its history. At the time of the Declaration of Independence, the United States had a population of more than 200 million and was the world's leading manufacturing power.
From this point of view, then, China's fall from glory and the humiliations it has suffered over the past 150 years are an aberration, a blasphemy against Chinese characteristics, and a humiliation to every Chinese individual. This humiliation must be purged and the perpetrators should be punished. The main perpetrators are Britain, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Their crimes vary in degree: Britain launched the Opium Wars and shamelessly belittled China afterwards; Japan has launched predatory wars for a long century, causing great suffering to the Chinese people, but Japan has not repented of this; Russia has continued to encroach on China's northern territories, and Stalin has been domineering and completely ignored the self-esteem of the Chinese people; and finally, the United States has become an obstacle to China's foreign ambitions through its presence in Asia and its support for Japan.
China believes that two of the four powers have already been punished by history. Britain is no longer an empire, and the American flag has been permanently lowered in Hong Kong, closing a particularly painful chapter. Russia remains a neighbor, but its status and reputation have been greatly reduced, and its territory has been greatly reduced. Therefore, only the United States and Japan pose the most serious problems for China. China will define its regional and global role to the greatest extent in terms of its interaction with these two countries.
However, this definition depends first on how China itself evolves and how powerful an economic and military power it actually becomes. In this regard, the forecast for China is generally promising, although not without some major uncertainties and constraints. The rate of China's economic growth and the scale of foreign investment in China are among the highest in the world. The conventional forecast based on these two statistics is that in about twenty years, China will become a global power, with a power roughly equal to that of the United States and Europe (assuming that Europe has both deepened and expanded). China's GDP has now far exceeded that of Russia and is likely to far exceed that of Japan by then. This economic development will enable China to acquire a strong military power of a scale that will frighten all its neighbors, even those geographically distant but opposed to China's development.
The return of Hong Kong and Macau to China, and perhaps the eventual reunification of Taiwan with the mainland, will further strengthen China, and the Greater China that will emerge will not only become the dominant country in the Far East, but also a first-class world power.
--Brzezinski, The Grand Chessboard