Craniosynostosis : Types, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment : Pediatrics National exit test

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Craniosynostosis : Types, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment : Pediatrics National exit test
Craniosynostosis is a birth defect that affects the bones in a newborn baby's skull. In normal growth, the sutures (fibrous joints connecting the bones) remain open, allowing the skull to expand and accommodate the rapidly growing brain. In craniosynostosis, one or more of the sutures close prematurely, affecting the skull's shape and sometimes limiting brain growth.
1. Types of Craniosynostosis
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The type of craniosynostosis is determined by which suture(s) close prematurely.
Sagittal Synostosis (Scaphocephaly): The sagittal suture runs from the front to the back of the head. In this type, the head may appear long and narrow.
Coronal Synostosis (Anterior Plagiocephaly): There are two coronal sutures, running from each ear to the sagittal suture. Closure of one of these sutures can cause flatness on one side of the forehead and a raised eye socket.
Metopic Synostosis (Trigonocephaly): The metopic suture runs from the nose to the sagittal suture. Premature closure may lead to a pointed forehead (triangular shape).
Lambdoid Synostosis (Posterior Plagiocephaly): The lambdoid suture runs along the back of the head. Closure of this suture leads to a flatness on one side of the back of the head.
2. Causes
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Craniosynostosis may occur as part of a genetic syndrome or can be sporadic with no identifiable genetic cause.
Syndromic Craniosynostosis: This type includes conditions like Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer syndromes. They often have a clear genetic cause and may be associated with other physical symptoms.
Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis: This is the most common type, and its cause is usually unknown. It typically involves only one suture and is not associated with other physical or developmental problems.
3. Diagnosis
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Diagnosis is usually based on a physical examination and imaging studies.
Physical Examination: The doctor will examine the baby's head for abnormal shape, suture ridges, and fontanelle size.
Imaging Studies: X-rays, CT scan, or MRI can provide detailed images of the skull and brain, confirming the diagnosis.
4. Treatment
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The primary goal of treatment is to relieve pressure on the brain and allow for normal brain growth. The specific treatment may depend on the severity of the condition, the age at diagnosis, and the presence of other health problems.
Surgery: This is often the treatment of choice. It involves separating the fused suture to allow for normal brain and skull growth.
Helmet Therapy: Following surgery, a custom-fitted helmet may be used to help reshape the baby's head.
Monitoring: Regular follow-ups with a multidisciplinary team are essential to monitor the child's development and address any complications or new symptoms.
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[@Shakirkhan-jm2es]

Well explained ❤

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Glad it was helpful!

[@Monalisa-z2b]

This helps so much, thank you. My daughter has just been diagnosed with Craniosynostosis and you helped explain to me. Highly appreciated Doctor, keep up the good work.

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Glad it helped!.

[@suchitram1203]

Hi how is ur kid now. And where r u from and which treatment was done on ur daughter. Plz reply . I just gave birth to a girl child 10 days old, and I am very worried about the treatment

[@sameerapolsani]

My daughter had surgery when she was 9 months

[@rishiraj2548]

Namaskar, Doc

[@naushinsulthana3530]

Well explained 🔥🔥

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Thanks 🔥.

[@sadiqkhan-hq6ph]

Thank you

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

You're welcome.

[@hamatuhagimri7853]

such a great video

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@m_m786]

Thanks 👍💝

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Always welcome

[@bknanusi]

saw this topic on USMLE's official NBME practice questions; you really explain very very well ; the only problem is that it is long and we might get intimidated by a 40 min plus lecture! :) Otherwise, it is excellent

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Yes, you are right

[@preethikeerthan5778]

Hi sir.. My son age 10 years.. He has uneven head shape (positional plagiocephaly ) now in this age is it treatable.. Please reply.. the procedure of surgery is safe or not.. Is that any effect of brain after surgery.. please reply sir 🙏

[@pushpalathakarri-e8w]

Lateral growth

[@sameerapolsani]

My daughter had this surgery when she is 9 months

[@THARANISHWAR]

Hi sir

[@SajdaTabassum-kb8nw]

thank u sir ji

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

Most welcome

[@bhaveshkumar5283]

Upload some dermatology lectures

[@shot_by_ruchir]

What about oxycephaly ???

[@SuguRiya-q5o]

Doc my daughter 5year old she is having anterior coronal synostosis

[@suchitram1203]

Sir plz guide me i am from odisha rourkela city. Just gave birth to a baby girl 10 days ago and i cannot find any soft spot anywhere in the head. Plz guide me where to take my child for diagnosis and treatment

[@Supremegame07]

My 11month baby has gap between parietal bones like shoft spot is it OK or it?

[@ritikasrivastava4084]

13:57 suture abnormalities

[@manuelalcantaraguiaparacasperu]

Perfect explanation , i was very curios aboit this topic , becouse in my Area Paracas Perú , we have a Culture Call Paracas from 700 BC were they found Skulls with noon Sagital Suture , it means they born naturally with out It , is this can be posible ?? From medical perspective ?? I apreciate any comments .

[@SuguRiya-q5o]

Operation panna mudiuma

[@nageennag6893]

Sir ye APK Urdu ya Hindi me karly ye lecture plzzz.... English har kisi ko itni nhi ati

[@Vivek.bramhe.1]

Hindi me explain kijiye sir

[@seemarasal2099]

Gnm 3rd year midwife var vidoes banva

[@a.aravind1309]

Hoiii