+Nile Red If you had an ASMR channel you would probably have a million Subs. Perfect ASMR Voice! Meant as a compliment of course, not sarcasm etc. You have a really great voice
I’m so glad that you do chemistry and post videos. I’d love to be able to do reactions, reductions,and distillations but I’m bad enough at cooking! Let alone something that I or someone else could get hurt with! Thank you, Sir.
Hey, I'm from Germany and love your videos because they are still understandable although I'm not the best in english. Also you promoted my interest in chemistry because now I'm able to understand more of the processes during a reaction especialy because in school we aren't allowed to do almost all experiments which may be funny ( Germany... ) :). I like too that you speak clear and not to slow or fast, that you put pictures of the reactions to the top (or somewhere else) is good. So go on, please!!!
@@NileRed Hey, im a great Fan of your Channel, also from Germany and have a simple question, hope you can help me with it: I liked to make some nitration acid and read about it from mixing sulfuric acid with nitric acid (in ratio 2:1 - 1:2). I got sulfiric acid (94-96%) and nitric acid (60%), is it possible to mix this to make nitration acid in a good concentraition? in what ratio should i mix it? Hope you can help me, i realy Like to Support you in the future, only of cause your cannel i manneged to isolate a bit Bromine :D Thanks and go on, you make a really good job!
Hope you know waht i mean, the translation is not that easy for me, in german: nitric acid is Salpetersäure. But i need the spesific nititon acid for nitrations in german: Nitrirsäure and i do not know the english synonyme...
In the round flask of course, not on Jupiter. It's upper atmoshere consists of many different compounds, but NO2 isn't there in a remarkable concentration.
When you did the last distillation, i started to look up what the fractional column did since i'd seen it in other (later) videos as well. I laughed when i came back to the video and you actually explained it immediately after i unpaused! Love your videos!
You inspire me to learn more about chemistry. The way you explain everything as well as the way you demonstrate each procedure. Job well done and worth watching every minute.
they got me into it! got two distalation sets with the vigruex columns and a Graham condenser and of course the Liebig condensers with 500ml round bottom flasks and 250ml also it's only 24/29 and I think the 24/40 is stronger. what do you think?
+Cannagorilla Canna In Russia we don't have 24/29 and 24/40 at all. 14/23 and 29/32 are common, lol, and we don't bother with chossing the right one. It depends mostly on the size of your setup.
After taking an organic chem lab course as well as 2 organic chem courses i find these videos a lot more understandable and i can even go with the reaction :D
Been experimenting with ammonium nitrate, as far as I can tell it doesn't react with high concentration sulphuric acid at low temperatures ~0 C, while potassium nitrate does.
@@fudes587yep, awkward to make in small amounts and the nitration is long and can be dangerous. Good for melt casting with nitroguanidine compounds to increase density though.
After doing this last night, I can add one thing. Run a vacuum. I used a cheap vacuum into a trap with some hydrogen peroxide in it expecting some NO2 gas. I had none. My initial reaction came out crystal clear, and the temp required was lower (of course). I got a 37% HNO3 out of the reaction. I started to distill (fractional) again using vacuum getting a bunch of water around 72c. I didn't get to finish it out before I had to pack it up, but again, no NO2 and I'm up to 47%.
Important about fractional distillation with a vigreux column! Only insulate if your desired product is the final known component and aluminum foil is not efficient insulation. Always use a combination of wool wrapped in foil
If you have Sodium Nitrate, NaNO3, aka Chilean Saltpeter, you can use 339g of it in place of 404g KNO3 or 320g NH4NO3, because each of these have almost exactly 247.5g of NO3 Ions by weight
If you are doing this without lab equipment simply take your weak nitric acid and run it again perhaps again after that. Not the most efficient way to do it but each time the nitric acid will get more concentrated. It is about maximizing the contact between the nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide. It will be less as effective each time though. Use a narrow pvc tube perhaps 1/4”. This will cause more bubbles agitating the hydrogen peroxide causing more contact. Use a narrow container too. The more narrow and tall the better. This will allow the nitric oxide to travel further before reaching the top releasing into the air. Plug the top of your container loosely to to semi vent it. This will allow a reaction to occur on the surface with the nitric dioxide that has been released. For some reason an ice bath also creates a better reaction.
apparently this makes nitroglycerine if you mix it with hand sanetizer, also interesting, if yo uget that ieven in traces on your skin and go to a airport within 4 days of that mishap you can very well end on a no fly list and get the Men in Black to visit your home
Love these videos. Inspiring me for my job as science teacher. I wonder, why did you not just end the final fractional destillation once the water had come over? Where there not only aesotrophic HNO3 left? Greetings from Robin, Sweden.
Can you make a video of setting up the the chemistry apparatus? What I mean is, where things go, why they are there? Heat? Cold? What are those hoses for? How hot does the solution need to be? Best way to heat it? What kinds of equipment should one upgrade to? Like do some of these pieces not stand up to the acids?
8:18 "Once only a very small amount of distillate is left" - I think you mean still residue here, i.e. in the originating flask, rather than in the receiving flask.
I have a request that I bet others will enjoy. Can u slowmo the stirring when something gets added in flasks? I don’t know y, but watching whirlpools is so satisfying 2 me
MDMA4LIFE ya that sucks nitric acid had stained my thumb yellow for almost a weak . When I put a moist thumb on a test tube evolving HNO3 vapours . That is a very bad test for NO3- ions😢😢
Both, but Copper(II)acetate is like blue/green permanganate... so in terms of beauty and not to forget Schweitzer's reagent, (dissolve cotton) good prank. I general, nitrogen is an amazing element, but Copper is a very aesthetically element and forms beautiful complexes, CuSO4 + 4 NH3. I do fancy the nitrate group in terms of its explosive potential, absolutely amazing how it blows you away and then liquid nitrogen, nice stuff.
@psycronizer In vids like this sometimes you're going to get questions like this. Nile does some pretty complex shit in his videos so your mind gets into that 'oh, this must be complex' mode. You skip right past the obvious answer because you figure it must be something complex, like the rest of what you're seeing. I do tech support for a living and teach other people how to as well, and I have to remind myself AND the people I teach not to do this shit when we're troubleshooting lol. It is still pretty funny when you see it happen though ;)
Why do you add water to the potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid? If you don't, you will produce nitric acid that has a concentration near 95%, with a simple distillation. You can dilute it after, if you need to.
williamson's book on 'organic experiments' , 3'd ed. in Chap. 5 mentions a distillation packing material for a column called 'copper sponge (Chore Boy is its commercial name ). its surface area adds many many more equilibrium stages to the distilling process for more refined separation and your demo with the penny woke me up to the fact that distilling azeo' HNO3 would not be a suitable application for any of this copper sponge material.
When doing a distillation up to an azeotrope, why do you switch to a collection flask once you think you've hit the azeotrope? Wouldn't the boiler and every stage of the column be your product at that point? Other than that: great video. I know this is pretty old but I've been binging your videos and your channel is great. Keep it up.
Purity. There would be a small amount of sulfuric acid and other reagents if you keep product at that stage. But depending on application that might be sufficient. Once the flask is heated up it does not take that much energy to just let it to distill. It costs mostly time.
According to page 14 of US TM 31-210 you can get sulfuric acid by boiling the electrolyte from a car battery until white fumes appear as well. This is definitely a much cleaner and probably better way though, as the manual focuses on improvised means, not lab methods.
You're right. You could do that. The problem is cost. Hardware store sulfuric acid drain cleaner comes at azeotrope in my neck of the woods and I pay about 20 USD per gallon. A battery costs about 1-200 USD and yields much less at much less concentration. But in a pinch you could do that.
This is a REALLY helpful video, thanks for that! Since my purpose for such chemicals are agricultural uses, I wonder: is there some simple way to turn the resulting potassium bisulfate (KHSO4) into potassium sulfate (K2SO4)?
Hey NileRed , it would be neat if you did this using the condensate of a condensing furnace . boiler , hot water heater ect . modem, aka condensing boilers have a condensate line that is very acidic with nitric acid and proved to cause issues where it contacts concrete or metal. I would be neat to see just how much is there, often quoted is 1 gallon of condensate for 100,000 btus of burn, so a boiler can make many gallons of weak nitric acid a day
It's very weak, because the solubility of those things is quite low in water at those temperatures. A majority of the low pH is actually from dissolved CO2. Modern boilers and furnaces use low NOx burners, so there's much less nitrogen oxides produced in the first place.
Hi Nile! Why do you dont tell them how to make 99.9% Nitric acid? It's simple: Just take your obtained 68% Nitric acid and mix it with 98% Sulphuric acid (2:1) and do a simple destilation as shon in your movie. Then repeat this step and tadaaaa...: 99.9% Nitric acid. To explain it in a (very) simple way: the sulphuric acid "steal" and keeps the water from the nitric acid while the nitric acid distill's off. But nice movie and perfectly explained! :-) Kind regards and have a nice day
+swim hive Very true. The reason I didnt make 99% is because I needed to make 68% for my nitration of mercury. The super high concentration would actually make the reaction a little more dangerous.
FYI Ammonium nitrate doesn't work hardly at all especially for use with silver processing. The nitric acid I got from distillation was extremely contaminated with what I assumed was ammonium sulfate and was weak at best. My sodium hydroxide trap actually grew a lot crystals just from reacting with the distillate vapor. I ended up using a lot of the byproducts to make sodium sulfate and I got a fairly significant yield. So it is a way to make sodium sulfate if you need it as drying agent or something as it's hygroscopic. When I used the nitric acid solution to dissolve silver and precipitate it with copper, I got a lot of white powder that precipitated out as well which made my silver difficult to process.
I read somewhere that the ammonium nitrate produces ammonia that reacts with NO2 to end up with a significant % of Nitrous, not Nitric acid. This a murky detail that a lot of people seem to jump over. Best to use K or Na nitrate salts.
We need a collab here! Nile red and Doug's lab or Nile red and Nurd rage! It needs to happen! Maybe you could both work on the vanillyl amine and capsaicin reactions ^^
+TU Relish Once we finally are able to make vanillylamine we can start thinking of capsaicinoids! The amine is being a pain to make. A collab should happen. The only issue is that we all live pretty far away from each other. So it would all have to be done over the internet, which is not ideal.
Where can i get pure sulfur ore ,except near volcanos ,i imagine they diatill it from eg yuks egg uka are 100% sulfur ,correct me if im wrong ,egg shells cannot give sulfur smell ,so the sulfur must come from the yellow eye of the egg ,i will try to thwrmally decompose whoke eggs to see if the emmit sox gasses i need to know the temp range befor commencing
Love your videos! So basically if you did not hear the mixture and let it sit for a long time - you would achieve the mixture of sulphate solution and nitric acid. If you don’t mind impurities - could you just use that mixture as a weak nitric to avoid distillation?
Not really. In the first distillation, I found the vapour temperature is about 120° C all the time, so what comes over is almost azeotropic nitric acid with some water. If fractional column has been used, more and more water would go back to the reaction mixture instead of being removed and this would prolong the whole process, maybe promoting decomposition of the nitric acid and lowering yield. In the two-step process, the near-azeotropic nitric acid is distilled off the reaction mixture first, then the bulk of the water is separated in short time. The product is also much cleaner that way.
It's weird, I've watched almost all your videos and this is the only place I don't scan comments while watching. Not sure why but it seems to always be that way
"it's also useful for making explosives"
*marks off another spot on my FBI watchlist bingo card*
*ASLO useful for?* That's like the main thing it does!
He definitely already has 60 bingos
Totally not the reason I searched for it
Just remember next time you buy online chemicals to take a couple cups of coffee out to that unmarked van in front of the neighbours.
Combine with Aniline for a special surprise
watching niles older videos and comparing them to his newer videos is fun, he’s gotten so much more comfortable with us. love you nile
@@ithecasticdon't worry thats just his crippling caffeine addiction taking over
0:49 "I don't really plan on making any videos on explosives"
Ex&F: Mmmm yes, it's free real estate
The funny thing is that he made picric acid
Can someone please explain why Nile's videos are so calming? ha
+sobbe07 haha i never thought they would be calming
+Nile Red Maybe it's just me hah
It's a very calm voice.
+Nile Red If you had an ASMR channel you would probably have a million Subs. Perfect ASMR Voice!
Meant as a compliment of course, not sarcasm etc. You have a really great voice
Because his video's have a calm formal instructional vibe to them.
I’m so glad that you do chemistry and post videos. I’d love to be able to do reactions, reductions,and distillations but I’m bad enough at cooking! Let alone something that I or someone else could get hurt with! Thank you, Sir.
Hey,
I'm from Germany and love your videos because they are still understandable although I'm not the best in english. Also you promoted my interest in chemistry because now I'm able to understand more of the processes during a reaction especialy because in school we aren't allowed to do almost all experiments which may be funny ( Germany... ) :). I like too that you speak clear and not to slow or fast, that you put pictures of the reactions to the top (or somewhere else) is good. So go on, please!!!
+Jafd Dfea I am very glad that you enjoy it. I am happy to know that they are easy to understand :)
its weri gud juh faund gugl translätor 😂
@@NileRed
Hey, im a great Fan of your Channel, also from Germany and have a simple question, hope you can help me with it:
I liked to make some nitration acid and read about it from mixing sulfuric acid with nitric acid (in ratio 2:1 - 1:2).
I got sulfiric acid (94-96%) and nitric acid (60%), is it possible to mix this to make nitration acid in a good concentraition? in what ratio should i mix it?
Hope you can help me, i realy Like to Support you in the future, only of cause your cannel i manneged to isolate a bit Bromine :D
Thanks and go on, you make a really good job!
Hope you know waht i mean, the translation is not that easy for me,
in german: nitric acid is Salpetersäure. But i need the spesific nititon acid for nitrations in german: Nitrirsäure and i do not know the english synonyme...
Hallo, auch Deutsch :D?
Who thinks the round bottom flask looks a bit like Jupiter at 2:34 ?
Same pinch
yes, there is even a "Big Red Spot" (of NO2).
196Stefan2 Of nitrogen dioxide?
In the round flask of course, not on Jupiter. It's upper atmoshere consists of many different compounds, but NO2 isn't there in a remarkable concentration.
I was about to say that.
When you did the last distillation, i started to look up what the fractional column did since i'd seen it in other (later) videos as well. I laughed when i came back to the video and you actually explained it immediately after i unpaused! Love your videos!
You inspire me to learn more about chemistry. The way you explain everything as well as the way you demonstrate each procedure. Job well done and worth watching every minute.
Your videos really make me want to get into chemistry.
+Sentinalh Do it, its worth it.
+1HeartCell True!
they got me into it! got two distalation sets with the vigruex columns and a Graham condenser and of course the Liebig condensers with 500ml round bottom flasks and 250ml also it's only 24/29 and I think the 24/40 is stronger. what do you think?
+Cannagorilla Canna In Russia we don't have 24/29 and 24/40 at all. 14/23 and 29/32 are common, lol, and we don't bother with chossing the right one. It depends mostly on the size of your setup.
Well, ebay or a good connect in the states can help you. What are you looking for?
I watch these videos because they’re informal and calming, and half the time at the middle of the night when I can’t sleep, like a lullaby
the copper looked amazing! with the gas wow!
After taking an organic chem lab course as well as 2 organic chem courses i find these videos a lot more understandable and i can even go with the reaction :D
The thumbnail looked like Saturn or Jupiter... Cooooooooool
Wow, I agree!
I play your videos every morning drive to work. It’s how I ease my nerves.
We use it in lithography to etch stones and in Intaglio to etch copper plates.
Interesting, thanks!
man the glassmakers making all these different flasks/jars/distillators in one continous glass piece amaze me.
The revival petrifition fluid!!!!
pls make more content, i literally can't sleep without listening to a nile red video and i almost know them off by heart 😂 love your content!!!!!!
Been experimenting with ammonium nitrate, as far as I can tell it doesn't react with high concentration sulphuric acid at low temperatures ~0 C, while potassium nitrate does.
How abaut TNT?
@@prinzeugenvansovoyen732 tnt is overrated
@@fudes587yep, awkward to make in small amounts and the nitration is long and can be dangerous. Good for melt casting with nitroguanidine compounds to increase density though.
1 experiment is better than 100 theoretical explainations, I missed these in my childhood.
in the end, I was expecting "again, here's a list of videos that I'm currently editing and list of videos that I plan to film..."
thx nile! im 100% going to make 10lbs of urea nitrate in my garage now
I think it's his voice, it's calming.
I dig that higher mic quality lately.
I cuss like a sailor and I very much appreciate the cleanliness of language that Nilered always attains.
After doing this last night, I can add one thing. Run a vacuum. I used a cheap vacuum into a trap with some hydrogen peroxide in it expecting some NO2 gas. I had none. My initial reaction came out crystal clear, and the temp required was lower (of course). I got a 37% HNO3 out of the reaction. I started to distill (fractional) again using vacuum getting a bunch of water around 72c. I didn't get to finish it out before I had to pack it up, but again, no NO2 and I'm up to 47%.
Yeah, but the acid vapors will completely destroy your vacuum pump in a few runs if you don't protect it.
Another top notch vid 👨🏻🔬👨🏻🏫👍👍
Important about fractional distillation with a vigreux column! Only insulate if your desired product is the final known component and aluminum foil is not efficient insulation. Always use a combination of wool wrapped in foil
Use mineral wool ONLY and not cotton wool, which could lead to explosion.
every nileRed is masterpiece
YESSS NEW VID!!
ah yes
DR.Stone research here i come
its great to revisit this!
If you have Sodium Nitrate, NaNO3, aka Chilean Saltpeter, you can use 339g of it in place of 404g KNO3 or 320g NH4NO3, because each of these have almost exactly 247.5g of NO3 Ions by weight
NH4NO3 + H2SO4 =🎉
If you are doing this without lab equipment simply take your weak nitric acid and run it again perhaps again after that. Not the most efficient way to do it but each time the nitric acid will get more concentrated. It is about maximizing the contact between the nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide. It will be less as effective each time though. Use a narrow pvc tube perhaps 1/4”. This will cause more bubbles agitating the hydrogen peroxide causing more contact. Use a narrow container too. The more narrow and tall the better. This will allow the nitric oxide to travel further before reaching the top releasing into the air. Plug the top of your container loosely to to semi vent it. This will allow a reaction to occur on the surface with the nitric dioxide that has been released. For some reason an ice bath also creates a better reaction.
Can i use dil Hydrochloric acid instead of H2SO4
I know somewhere he talks about helping put kits together. Im mostly interested in nitriting and recover
Senku's guide to making revival fluid
Not many dr stone comments
Fantastic video man!! I'd love to see the new Pharaoh's serpent on a large scale.
Nitric Acid be looking like Jupiter.
Fun stuff, I like how it turns basically anything into explosives.
apparently this makes nitroglycerine if you mix it with hand sanetizer, also interesting, if yo uget that ieven in traces on your skin and go to a airport within 4 days of that mishap you can very well end on a no fly list and get the Men in Black to visit your home
I have a funny feeling that winding up on a no fly list is one of the least unfortunate outcomes of accidentally making nitroglycerin.
thank you so much. Your videos really make me want to get into chemistry.
Yup Dr. Stone😂
Is it possible to omit the water in order to purify the nitrate acid without fractional distillation
Love these videos. Inspiring me for my job as science teacher. I wonder, why did you not just end the final fractional destillation once the water had come over? Where there not only aesotrophic HNO3 left? Greetings from Robin, Sweden.
The flask in the thumbnail kinda looks like a picture of Jupiter, with the multiple phases in Juputer-ish colors.
Can you make a video of setting up the the chemistry apparatus? What I mean is, where things go, why they are there? Heat? Cold? What are those hoses for? How hot does the solution need to be? Best way to heat it? What kinds of equipment should one upgrade to? Like do some of these pieces not stand up to the acids?
Nilered,por favor dá um video ensinando a sintetizar ácido sulfônico,amida 60 e lauril éter sulfato de sódio
8:18 "Once only a very small amount of distillate is left" - I think you mean still residue here, i.e. in the originating flask, rather than in the receiving flask.
I like your videos, well explained and not like some that rambles on. keep up the good work.
I have a request that I bet others will enjoy. Can u slowmo the stirring when something gets added in flasks? I don’t know y, but watching whirlpools is so satisfying 2 me
You make the best videos.
Thank you Nitric Acid for my yellow fingers.
MDMA4LIFE ya that sucks nitric acid had stained my thumb yellow for almost a weak . When I put a moist thumb on a test tube evolving HNO3 vapours . That is a very bad test for NO3- ions😢😢
You should be wearing protective gloves when handling concentrated nitric acid. It is dangerous to nitrate your skin.
@@LaHayeSaint Thank you master of 5 years late and probably never worked in a lab in your entire life.
@@Methylenedream Are you attempting to be facetious? Please do not presume to know my academic background. What is your explanation?
@@LaHayeSaint You are a loser who replies to 5 year old threads, that is my 'explanation'.
The acid i buy is bright pink. It looks exactly like pink gatorade. I'm suprised they color it that way.
I like the NO3- group, but Cu beats you in its beautiful complexes, Schweitzer's reagent. =D
Jonas Strzyz Why not both? Copper nitrate is pretty, and it's used in the synthesis of RDX.
Both, but Copper(II)acetate is like blue/green permanganate... so in terms of beauty and not to forget Schweitzer's reagent, (dissolve cotton) good prank. I general, nitrogen is an amazing element, but Copper is a very aesthetically element and forms beautiful complexes, CuSO4 + 4 NH3. I do fancy the nitrate group in terms of its explosive potential, absolutely amazing how it blows you away and then liquid nitrogen, nice stuff.
What is "dry air" @8:43
Kevin Chopp air with little to no water (humidity)
Kevin Chopp better quality air compressors have moisture traps to produce dryer air, so you're not sending water through your air tools.
it is air that is dry
you have got to be fucking kidding me...
@psycronizer
In vids like this sometimes you're going to get questions like this. Nile does some pretty complex shit in his videos so your mind gets into that 'oh, this must be complex' mode. You skip right past the obvious answer because you figure it must be something complex, like the rest of what you're seeing.
I do tech support for a living and teach other people how to as well, and I have to remind myself AND the people I teach not to do this shit when we're troubleshooting lol.
It is still pretty funny when you see it happen though ;)
Yer' a wizard, Nile!
Why do you add water to the potassium nitrate and sulfuric acid? If you don't, you will produce nitric acid that has a concentration near 95%, with a simple distillation. You can dilute it after, if you need to.
Could you redistill the 68% acid over sulphuric acid to make the more concentrated fuming nitric acid?
When I saw the thumbnail, I thought he made Jupiter in a flask.
williamson's book on 'organic experiments' , 3'd ed. in Chap. 5 mentions a distillation packing material for a column called 'copper sponge (Chore Boy is its commercial name ). its surface area adds
many many more equilibrium stages to the distilling process for more refined separation
and your demo with the penny woke me up to the fact that distilling azeo' HNO3 would not be a suitable application for any of this copper sponge material.
these videos always makes me curious if these things happen naturally on some other planets
Thumbnail looks like Jupiter :P
you should do this using the Ostwald Process
Is it better to use H2O2 instead of water?
you should make a video about your home lab. I'm thinking of making one myself. Love the vids btw
backtrack5_pro I have made on my channel
Glanced at the thumbnail, thought it was Jupiter. Clicked, pleasant surprise
When doing a distillation up to an azeotrope, why do you switch to a collection flask once you think you've hit the azeotrope? Wouldn't the boiler and every stage of the column be your product at that point? Other than that: great video. I know this is pretty old but I've been binging your videos and your channel is great. Keep it up.
Purity.
There would be a small amount of sulfuric acid and other reagents if you keep product at that stage. But depending on application that might be sufficient.
Once the flask is heated up it does not take that much energy to just let it to distill. It costs mostly time.
According to page 14 of US TM 31-210 you can get sulfuric acid by boiling the electrolyte from a car battery until white fumes appear as well. This is definitely a much cleaner and probably better way though, as the manual focuses on improvised means, not lab methods.
You're right. You could do that. The problem is cost. Hardware store sulfuric acid drain cleaner comes at azeotrope in my neck of the woods and I pay about 20 USD per gallon. A battery costs about 1-200 USD and yields much less at much less concentration.
But in a pinch you could do that.
You should get a pycnometer for measuring density. They are pretty cheap and can be very accurate.
this might be a dumb question but why not just use the vigreux collumn in the first distillation instead of doing a second one
Could be noted that nitrogen dioxide is one of the principal compounds that give photochemical smog over large cities it's reddish hazy color.
Anhydrous Barium Nitrate (Calcium Nitrate works) and xs Sulfuric Acid. HNO3 in H2SO4.
It can also be used as plant fertilizer.
Im obsessed with SOX SO2 SO3 GASSES THESE DAYS.
This is a REALLY helpful video, thanks for that! Since my purpose for such chemicals are agricultural uses, I wonder: is there some simple way to turn the resulting potassium bisulfate (KHSO4) into potassium sulfate (K2SO4)?
Should be simple to do. For each mole of KHSO4 you can just add one mole of KOH or 2 moles of K2CO3.
Yea just add a molar excess of base to your bisulphate solution, should encourage the dissociation of that proton as they are used up
@@jonasstrzyz2469 ah yes. I understand. Star nosed moles or just a mole from the backyard
@@13_cmi
Your standard issue garden mole should suffice. I believe.
Anyway you would revisit this and instead use stump remover and drain cleaner?
Maybe you should try to make a video about titration? This way we can use more dilute solutions of unknown concentration
+Janusz Januszowski I should. I just have kind of an aversion to titrations though for some reason. I find them very boring.
+Nile Red yeah they are boring but pretty useful
Janusz Januszowski haha very very useful.
+Nile Red And youre making technique series soo it will fit there
You can also just use battery acid, no organic inhibitors and generally cheeper at hardware stores. Typically 80% and up too.
that's sulfuric acid
Hey NileRed , it would be neat if you did this using the condensate of a condensing furnace . boiler , hot water heater ect . modem, aka condensing boilers have a condensate line that is very acidic with nitric acid and proved to cause issues where it contacts concrete or metal. I would be neat to see just how much is there, often quoted is 1 gallon of condensate for 100,000 btus of burn, so a boiler can make many gallons of weak nitric acid a day
It's very weak, because the solubility of those things is quite low in water at those temperatures. A majority of the low pH is actually from dissolved CO2. Modern boilers and furnaces use low NOx burners, so there's much less nitrogen oxides produced in the first place.
Hi Nile! Why do you dont tell them how to make 99.9% Nitric acid? It's simple: Just take your obtained 68% Nitric acid and mix it with 98% Sulphuric acid (2:1) and do a simple destilation as shon in your movie. Then repeat this step and tadaaaa...: 99.9% Nitric acid. To explain it in a (very) simple way: the sulphuric acid "steal" and keeps the water from the nitric acid while the nitric acid distill's off.
But nice movie and perfectly explained! :-)
Kind regards and have a nice day
+swim hive Very true. The reason I didnt make 99% is because I needed to make 68% for my nitration of mercury. The super high concentration would actually make the reaction a little more dangerous.
What about adding CaCl2 or some drying agent to the 68% acid in order to obtain higher concentration, will it work?
@@amidfallen I guess it won't
I'm surprised that you aren't getting sulfuric acid from a car parts store. NAPA carries it for car batteries.
8:41 *angry Explosions & Fire noises*
Mr.Red , if you inhale nitric acid fumes won't it build up in your lungs?
And do you use a respirator?
Can the potassium bisulfate be used for something like fertilizer? Or recovering sulfur from maybe?
FYI Ammonium nitrate doesn't work hardly at all especially for use with silver processing. The nitric acid I got from distillation was extremely contaminated with what I assumed was ammonium sulfate and was weak at best. My sodium hydroxide trap actually grew a lot crystals just from reacting with the distillate vapor. I ended up using a lot of the byproducts to make sodium sulfate and I got a fairly significant yield. So it is a way to make sodium sulfate if you need it as drying agent or something as it's hygroscopic. When I used the nitric acid solution to dissolve silver and precipitate it with copper, I got a lot of white powder that precipitated out as well which made my silver difficult to process.
I read somewhere that the ammonium nitrate produces ammonia that reacts with NO2 to end up with a significant % of Nitrous, not Nitric acid. This a murky detail that a lot of people seem to jump over. Best to use K or Na nitrate salts.
Nice way of making some nitric acid 👍🏻
That doggo in your profile looks tired. 🗿
We need a collab here! Nile red and Doug's lab or Nile red and Nurd rage! It needs to happen! Maybe you could both work on the vanillyl amine and capsaicin reactions ^^
+TU Relish Once we finally are able to make vanillylamine we can start thinking of capsaicinoids! The amine is being a pain to make.
A collab should happen. The only issue is that we all live pretty far away from each other. So it would all have to be done over the internet, which is not ideal.
Where can i get pure sulfur ore ,except near volcanos ,i imagine they diatill it from eg yuks egg uka are 100% sulfur ,correct me if im wrong ,egg shells cannot give sulfur smell ,so the sulfur must come from the yellow eye of the egg ,i will try to thwrmally decompose whoke eggs to see if the emmit sox gasses i need to know the temp range befor commencing
What happens if you use regular fertilizer of KNO3, is it pure enough?
Works good. I use potassium or sodium nitrate
Love your videos! So basically if you did not hear the mixture and let it sit for a long time - you would achieve the mixture of sulphate solution and nitric acid. If you don’t mind impurities - could you just use that mixture as a weak nitric to avoid distillation?
Thanks 🙏 A lot,
But I’d like to ask about; why do you put water with it ? If you want the purity?
Because he just wants concentrated acid, not the fuming acid. They are used for different things, so it's not impure if there's water in it.
Can you do a preparation of nitric acid by oxidising ammonia using a red hot copper wire as catalyst please?
Which concentration of sulfuric acid has the drain cleaner?
Can you use freezing (minus 40 C) to further concentrate nitric acid from the less-dense remaining H20?
I'm curious, could you use a piranha solution. And wouldn't have to heat your solution as much.
What are the white deposits that collect on the lid of the nitric acid storage container?
I thought u needed copper for this reaction unless for generating the gas maybe yep most likely :) great vid
Why not just use the Vigreux column with the original reaction mixture? Should work the same, and would save on the second distillation.
Not really. In the first distillation, I found the vapour temperature is about 120° C all the time, so what comes over is almost azeotropic nitric acid with some water.
If fractional column has been used, more and more water would go back to the reaction mixture instead of being removed and this would prolong the whole process, maybe promoting decomposition of the nitric acid and lowering yield.
In the two-step process, the near-azeotropic nitric acid is distilled off the reaction mixture first, then the bulk of the water is separated in short time. The product is also much cleaner that way.
@@LiborTinka plus refluxing water over a boiling mixture that contains concentrated H2SO4 can't be a very good idea
It's weird, I've watched almost all your videos and this is the only place I don't scan comments while watching. Not sure why but it seems to always be that way
probably because his videos make you think hard and learn, the opposite of what surrounds youtube comments
any reason to not just use the sulfuric acid as the sole liquid?