Premier Corex: Relative Permeability
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- Опубліковано 8 вер 2020
- Relative permeability can be method sensitive and biased by sample features and by physical boundary artefacts. Unbiased relative permeability must be extracted from laboratory data by simulation history matching of the coreflood data.
Our Global Technical Manager Jules Reed discusses the boundary effects, demonstrate the main uncertainties of the various methods, discuss how to QC data and prepare for simulation.
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Very nice Jules, at around 7:00-8:00 time, after its highlighted that any base permeability can be chosen, I think it is also good for a Reservoir Engineer to highlight that the same base perm must be chosen by Geologist in their static model because eventually that static model comes to RE and becomes dynamic model. Hence, the 'base permeability' has to be chosen as same in both static and dynamic models. Thanks for picking this topic as many conventional SCAL courses do not even discuss this.
Hi Bhaskar, A very good point, and exactly the reason for discussing the base (or reference) permeability. There needs to be discussion between the geologist/petrophysicist/RE to discuss how the models will be set up and what values will be used to populate things like permeability, porosity, etc.
@@6ftyoda Thanks for replying. I will connect with you on LinkedIn. I had a Reservoir Engineering interview today. Just because I watched your video, I could answer the advantages and disadvantages of USS, SS and Centrifuge. Interviewer precise question was "Which data on Relperm graph is unlikely to be obtained from USS and SS?". Thanks to your video, I promptly said "Residual Oil Saturation and we get it from Centrifuge". Interviewer (& I) was delighted to hear that. 😇😇
@@6ftyoda I am going to watch all your videos and will leave questions/comments behind for further discussion.
Very Good presentation.
Which relative permeability to use then for reservoir simulation? USS or SS?
great video! can you tell me more detail about acoustic separator structure?
I would refer you to the manufacturers/suppliers of these equipment, such as: Vindum Engineering or DCI Test Systems, to name two.
Thank you very much Mr. Reed, wonderful presentation.
I have a question, in order to determine the effective permeabilities in unsteady state method (oil-water), which viscosity do you use? 100% brine as the inlet, or the combination at the outlet, or average between the two? Thank you.
For an unsteady state (USS) experiment, effective permeability can only be "measured" before starting and at the end of the coreflood - to a single . Before starting, the mobile fluid phase is injected to obtain the effective permeability to that fluid phase. The immobile fluid phase remains immobile. For example, for an oil-water fluid pair, before starting an USS waterflood, the core plug will be at irreducible (immobile) water saturation (Swi), and mainly saturated with oil. Before the coreflood, oil is injected through the plug as the only mobile fluid phase. Therefore, the viscosity of oil is used in calculating effective oil permeability at Swi. At the end of the coreflood, only water is mobile and the water viscosity is used to determine effective water permeability at remaining oil saturation.
During the waterflood, for most laboratories, effective permeability is not determined. Mostly, either the JBN or Jones-Roszelle method is used to estimate relative permeability from oil and water production data, together with differential pressure (dP) measurements. The method uses the Welge fractional flow equation: first, to determine fractional flow of oil and hence, kro - using the oil viscosity, and then using fw = 1 - fo, to determine krw, using the water viscosity.
It is assumed that the oil and water phases are immiscible and flow independently - hence, there is no mixing of viscosity.
Also, for most labs, since dP is measured from a single line, it is assumed that the dP impacts equally on both fluids.
Very few labs measure dP of oil and dP of water separately - which would be very difficult in USS method since it would require a continuous, connected fluid column from inlet to outlet of both fluids.
@@6ftyoda I got it now, thank you very much Mr. Reed.