Hey Sabine, dAMD researcher here. I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother lost her sight in her later years to AMD/GA. Losing your sight is a frightening prospect. However, while there are a number (5-7 major ones) of genetic SNP/risk factors which are correlated with eventual diagnosis with AMD, the majority of elderly subjects who carry multiple of these snps never develop AMD or who do not advance to vision threatening forms of AMD (neovascular or geographic atrophy). It is good that you are evaluating your genetic risk and are taking charge of your future health, but there are still many risks and causes of AMD that are not understood. Love your channel. Best of luck.
I also have Mother, Aunt, etc family history of AMD. Also, I have other auto-immune issues. I strongly recommend reading how diet has affected AMD. My diet changes have greatly helped, and my vision has improved.
according to british newspaper Daily Mail, diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol are strongly implicated in vascular disease. Should i believe everything printed in the daily mail ???
@@alib6060 There is a lot of very good research being done on the impacts of diet on a number of areas. And also long-term disorders like T2 diabetes which certainly LOOKS to be fully reversible by diet, a possibility that is being ACTIVELY RESISTED by the medical establishment on behalf of companies like Eli Lilly (who announced record profits based on - you guessed it - their diabetes medications). Kinda like how Exxon-Mobil and Chevron don't want you to know that burning fossil fuels are killing you in multiple ways ...
Why is it in Africa many cases of AMD are correctly attributed to malnutrition whereas in western countries there are none? It is clear that there are many cases micronutrient deficiency in the US and other western nations. Why is only macro nutrient deficiency, (malnutrition) the only thing measured. If you don't ask the right questions, you will never find the answer. Well known in physics.
@@Four_Words_And_Much_More Exactly. Has anyone in the comments mentioned the early volunteers for spinal cord injury repairs? There are many who hopefully went through electrode implants, etc. Now, they have an immune system trying to deal with a lot of wires,etc, some of which are deteriorating. They can't all be removed without more damage. And their spinal cord injuries are still there. I am not anti-scientific experimentation. But why is it so much $$ and hype goes to "hardware" science? And, no, I am not getting paid by Big Broccoli.
"Forget about building particle detectors, i 'll find dark matter just by looking". Brutal sense of humor, trademark of this channel. The science is, also, excellent.
Unless Elon Musk can increase the sensitivity in the Cones & Rods or expand them into the Infrared and Ultraviolet spectrums, I will doubt his capability to give humans supervision in our eyes!!! He needs to find ways to elevated our consciousness first or raise our development... but good luck to him.
I've been slowly losing my vision for the last 35 years due to glaucoma, and there isn't much left. I've heard of many promises by companies but they usually say their tech won't work for glaucoma. Regardless, the ophthalmologists I've seen think they might be able to preserve my vision to the point where I can still see a few things at the end of my life. When I was first diagnosed, I made a decision to devote time to take in as much beautiful scenery as opportunities made available to me. This was one of my better life decisions as now, even though my vision is quite poor, I still have some awesome memories of beautiful sights. I wish you the best with your vision, Sabina.
Sabine: many many years ago a very distinguished professor from Stanford, who was on a speaking tour, visited the circuit R and D lab that I worked for. He warned all of us analog designers that silicon gate lengths could not realistically go below 1um and that all analog designs possible would be exhausted even before that time. At present, silicon gate lengths are in the single digit nanometer lengths, and I'm still designing analog circuits and receiving patents. He did give me a good scare when I was a young lad, though. I thought I'd be selling cheap electric tools at a shopping mall. Experts gotta have opinions but the rest of us gotta keep working.
that cat video reminds me of the night i went out on the porch and saw a stuffed animal. i leaned over to pick it up and it was actually a skunk standing on its front legs. got me right in the ear
He promise a lot! Also regarding Mars, I find it astonishing that no one mentions that humans are not made for weak or zero gravity. The gravitational pull of Mars is, depending on the region, at Ø of 35% compared to earth, which leads to osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, circulatory problems, eye problems and reproduction may not work either.
or that you did it and it turns out they could have done it without implanting it in your brain. also intel is a million times more capable than 90% of you.
Hi Sabine, I really enjoy your videos, thank you :) I'm a retina researcher and have good news for you, AMD is not a simple hereditary disease, so it is not a given that you'll develop it. There are indeed genetic risk factors (there is a lot more than one), so if you had a genetic risk assessment, I hope they looked at least at a couple of them. Remember, that you can also reduce your risk by reducing the environmental factors (like smoking). That said, there are two major blinding end stages that are different, geographic atrophy and wet, or neovascular AMD - there are a couple of anti-VEGF treatments that have a fairly good chance of arresting the progression of the neovascularisation. There is also a lot of research aimed at coming up with alterantive therapies, so in ~10-20 years we'll hopefully have a couple of different therapeutic options.
I wish I had a dollar for every time someone says “it won’t work” or “its impossible.” And then it’s commonplace and you can’t remember a time when it didn’t exist.
I'm all for healthy skepticism, especially when it comes to people like Elon, who's only skill is a large sack of cash, are the ones saying it. But I'm not a huge fan of people saying "it's impossible" While there's accuracy in the statement that you can't just up the resolution of the image relayed by adding more wires (which would be a challenge in and of itself) the fact is there's stuff we're not understanding about how this tech actually works when we say that. Not to mention what the actual science says is "the approach of adding more wires won't increase resolution" is true, it's fundamentally ignoring how other parts of the tech can be improved upon to make it better. Not to mention what a lot of these people are doing is naysaying, Elon is an idiot that has no idea what is possible with the tech, which leads "haters" to automatically attack any claims he makes. Sure the approach they're taking now won't be the best, and in 10 years of research they may figure out how to simply plug into a nerv behind the ear and get 16k video resolution playing directly to the brain, not saying that's possible but that's similar to how a lot of tech in the past ended up getting improved upon was a complete change in direction and methodology. "There's no way we can send digitized text base message through the phone lines," sure, using the "phone" protocol to send data like text is extremely limited and hard to manage... so we invented... cell data. A completely different approach using new tools and methods and suddenly we're wondering if we can effectively stream 8K sports to our phones one day.
@@SherrifOfNottingham Here's the thing about Musk: He has a vision of what he wants to do, and then he tries to do it. He sets unrealistic deadlines to push his people, but he gets stuff done. He has Asperger's syndrome, so his social interactions will be strained, and we see that every time he opens his mouth. He says whatever thought pops into his mind at the time; he literally cannot help it. But he's done amazing things with SpaceX, Tesla and so on. He did with Dragon in half the time and money that Boeing did. In fact he put a rocket in orbit with 500 people that takes Boeing 500,000(or should say they used to). But he needs a muzzle.
@@SherrifOfNottinghamdude this narrative of elon being merely an investor with a vision ala steve jobs is ridiculous, he is a physicist and gets involved in the process, maybe in this area not as much but still, even his employees have spoken about this
The current eye-implanted models actually turned out to be much *better* than we were expecting, because the brain adapts in ways we are not entirely sure of yet. I suspect that, once those 3000 electrodes are actually implanted into a human being, we will see much better visual acuity than you would expect from a 3kpx camera. And yes, we will probably see much *worse* acuity from the 3Gpx model, because human brains don't work that way.
There is also an element, I think, that if we deal with the person that went blind, he has memories of how things look like, and the brain has a chance to reconstruct (say cat) by using less information. You will not get details, but one can imagine you can get a good picture of a more generic cat.
This is where Neural Network based AI can actually come in. If we train an filter between the camera and the optical nerve by capturing visual data that has entered the eye as input and capturing the data the eye is then sending via the optic nerve to the brain with wide variety of healthy people We could then use it to replicate what a working eye would then send to the brain when it receives similar sort of visual information, but this time the eye layer is replaced by the Neural network This is in theory already very feasible with our current technology Because the eye is basically just a sensor, replacing it would be a million times easier than trying to mess with the insanely complex processing our brain does with that information
@@user-qi6ke6dw1l ahahahahaha, you mean 3 actual colours (bands) and only around 10 million total perceived colours MAX. While the average human can only distinguish only about 1 million perceived colours Hyperspectral sensors can capture hundreds to thousands of bands compared to the measly 3 our eyes can. Get your facts right mate before you spout such nonsense
A few things. 1) I think neuroplasticity is better than we think and after much training time this will be better than predicted. 2) Compound electrodes, as in electrodes with multiple contacts along their length will multiply the effective areas to stimulate, yielding more resolution. 3) Developing an algorithm to vary voltages and patterns of electrode stimulation may enable color or other qualities. 4) My intuition tells me that open brain surgery with a device that actively avoids blood vessels will be safer than a mesh embedding itself into blood vessels of the brain, at least initially I think the stroke risk in the catheter method will be higher.
My sight has improved since going vegan years ago. Eat lots of fruit and veg, beans, rice, nuts and seeds, etc. Nutrition is totally underrated in the field of science and medicine.🤖
Sure but the criticism forgets that the N1 is a read and write device - it can be used just as well for research. It might take a few more iterations but it could be used to learn more about how the visual cortex processes. In fact we can learn a lot about just about every part of the neocortex with it.
elon's team has already solved this problem. this video is trying to demoralize scientific advancement and stunt the growth of science. it also has the plan to discourage the individual away from personal research. sabine is too biased and she constantly negates people's explorative vices and experimental breakthroughs.
But wouldn't that need some healthy subjects to have the chip implanted, so that we can learn how visual stimuli end up in the cortex in a functioning eye-nerve-brain system? Not sure if I would like to do that myself...
@@stefanhennig Yes, but I imagine in most cases the blindness is caused by the eyes not the visual cortex. You could be totally blind and still have a totally healthy visual cortex (minus atrophy?).
That's just happened to me as well. A lot of people get it apparently Just age I was told my brain will phase out the distortions, fuzzy areas and the big black bean shaped object that flies about in my eye. Apparently, it learns to ignore it.
I've had an infection essentially destroy my right cornea. Retinal detachment is a possible complication of the disease I had, and one thing I've always had a particular fear of, but luckily it seems I'm in the clear and won't be getting it. I wish good things for you, just don't know what exactly it is I wish for because retinal detachment is nasty.
The very best cochlear implant may have over a hundred channels of interface. A bare-minumum visual equivilent would need thousands, and that's just to keep from walking into doors. If you want near-normal vision you're looking at millions of individual connections. And not into the cochlea, which is not exactly implant-friendly but still doable: You're going straight into brain tissue, or at the very least the almost-as-delicate retina if use a retinal implant. This is why retinal implants are not commonplace - lots of research and clinical trials of prototypes, but very seldom used beyond that. Because it's a risky surgery to implant a device which will still give only very low-quality vision and which may well cease working after a time because retinal tissue tends to die if you stab lots of tiny wires into it.
@@vylbird8014 Well said!! I think Elon has the same misunderstanding as a bunch of people here, exactly like you said there are _millions of neurons_ that need to fire perfectly for just normal human vision, thats already way out of the scope of what's possible for at least another decade & then if you start talking tissue damage/scar tissue, then yea, it's not happening. So beyond human vision is most definitely not happening with this approach. Something else entirely a few decades from now? sure, that's still very much on the table, trying to take this super basic 'brain implant' thing (thats just a load of wires) to the lengths that Elon thinks it can be taken? no.
I don't know that the statement "we don't currently understand the neurophysiology of the brain's vision system such that we can really work with it" rules out "One day we will be able to use electrodes implanted in the brain to restore sight" to the degree it can be labelled nonsense? It seems like a solveable problem, neighbouring on impossible but not actually. I remember such doubt around mRNA as a usable mechanism for cell therapy too, now we've already achieved mRNA vaccines and many more applications are expected to be achievable within most of our lifetimes.
Musk presents his idea as if its a working concept that just needs gradual improvement. We don't know if this problem will be solved in 5, 10, 20 or even 40 years. So he shouldn't make empty promises or give people false hope just to cater to potential investors.
Sabine. I personally know a sharpshooter that can can see details far further than a man of 20/20 vision. His resolution is obviously superhuman and he is a non modified regular human. So obviously regular human vision is not the limit
20/20 vision doesn't mean "20 out of 20, the human limit," it means something more like "can read 20 point type at 20 feet." It is entirely possible to have better than 20/20 vision.
"Super-human" could refer to more than mere resolution. The camera might be able to see wavelengths outside of normal human vision, such as infrared and ultraviolet, and it might magnify more or wider than human vision, maybe even zoom between tele and wide - even 360°, and might be able to focus closer, and might be able to turn more than the human eye, and may even be detachable for remote viewing or connect to other cameras for tele-operation.
Once again, the human brain is not designed to interpret those frequencies. Its like hooking up a brand new digital camera to your commodore 64 and expecting it to render a jpeg!
@@tklue300 Says who? The brain interprets electrical signals -- that's all. It doesn't interpret "frequencies" (of light) in the slightest -- the eye is what limits our vision band, not the brain.
@@tklue300Even if so, you can convert frequencies outside of the visual range (though the limit is more our eye receptors, than the brain itself) into usual visual band, and night-vision goggles/scopes do
you'd think it's pretty obvious that future neuralink versions will allow your brain to access zoomed images, AI enhanced images, lidar, night vision and countless other options for super human vision
Very sorry to hear that, not only because you´re needed. Genetic inheritage is just half of the truth. Most hereditary deseases have just a specific (or unspecific) percentage to come up in the next generation again, since our genes come from both parents. What about this one? Is there a dominance? Are there numbers?
I went suddently and totally blind myself years ago, so naturally take an interest in this. Let's for a minute ignore the fact that my brain would effectively become an internet enabled device with an IP address assigned to it, which comes with all sorts of issues on its own... Current neural link implants they've done have the brain compartementalized and mapped out, so for example, they know exactly which region of the brain will produce signals when you move your hand. They listen to the neurons at that specific region while you simulate moving your hand, put all that brain wave activity through a machine learning model, which produces an algorithm used to allow you to move your hand via thought. Cool, innovative, and excellent. Reading neural impulses and feeding them through a machine learning model is a far cry from writing and sending neural impulses into your visual cortex to trigger a specific outcome. I used to have 20/20 vision, and call me crazy, but emulating my optic nerves to generate the exact neural synapses that hit my visual cortex to provide 20/20 human sight seems, let's say hopeful for lack of a better word.
@@SethGrantham-k1x Who believed that the "mark 1" Neuralink would work as well as it appears to have? I certainly didn't - I expected it to be barely effective and rejected by the body after 3 months... So, maybe, just maybe, it's okay to hope?
@@edwardcullen1739 Yeah, the actual physical implant itself is an amazing engineering feat and huge kudos to the team for its accomplishment there. Not trying to detract from that, it's amazing. However, mapping that brain wave activity to hand / mouse movements isn't so amazing. It's actually very straight forward. If you would like, Google "Nural link compression challenge" and you can download 5 minutes of sample brain wave data from a monkey playing a game. It's just analog brain waves, which digitally, translates into streams of 16 bit numbers that also consist of loats of patterns including large fractal patterns hence why a 200:1 compression is even possible. The implant itself is very impressive, but feeding streams of 16 bit integers / analog brain waves into a machine learning model and translating that into mouse movements isn't. That's standard machine learning.
Restoring visual function also greatly depends on how blindness occurred; the optical nerve is not exactly an overly complex nerve relative to others. A photoreceptive device linked to the optical nerve could certainly restore a certain amount of functionality so long as the nerve is still vascularized. Direct interfacing with the occipital lobe and other vision processing areas of the brain is a more difficult issue. What would constitute a "functional device" really depends on what visual data can be interpreted by using he device.
We do similar implants in the inner ear commonly now and they worked well back in late 70's and work GREAT now. Not better than pristine natural, but GREAT!
@@jkj420 why are you the one deciding that im deciding for everyone? I just expressed my opinion and you just had to insert your comment where it wasnt needed
Think of it like this: Imagine a camera with photon detection capabilities similar to our eyes, but enhanced to capture a broader spectrum-like infrared. Now, if you send that data through a Neuralink Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) directly into the visual cortex, the brain’s neuroplasticity could adapt over time, learning to interpret these new signals. The brain essentially does the heavy lifting, adapting to the new input and creating a new way of ‘seeing.’ This is where the critique seems to miss the point-it’s not just about the technology, but how the brain can adapt to new patterns of input. The paper didn’t consider this possibly.
The paper is right. I'm a psychologist who studied the neuroscience of vision. The info is processed in 6 different areas. Need to know more about the brain first. But eventually it will happen
Wouldn't they have psychologists, neurologists, and other relevant experts in the project to know these things and develop the technology based on this knowledge rather than assumptions of engineers?
@@bhojjadamotabanda Any collaborative engineering team has engineers of different kinds as well as specialists who they consult. A neurologist and or a psychologist is functionally useless in the engineering of a medical device. They are fundamental in informing its mechanism of action and assessing its functionality relative to a given problem. The entire process is collaborative and not based on assumptions, at least not past prototyping.
Knowing more about the brain may not be necessary. If there is a place in the visual cortex where the sight processing arrives and then moves through the other areas, then only one region might be necessary to interface with. Also it would be necessary for a machine learning program to be able to generate the proper signals for sight. Generating the proper signals is not the same as understanding vision processing. Certainly it would be hard to convert a ML model into understanding how visual signals are processed. That would be true for humans and machines. Also the plasticity of the brain is part of the solution for mental cursor control. I believe humans learn to see and plasticity is involved. We can't yet predict whether or how well Neuralink would restore sight. It is clearly a better option for people with eye or retinal damage.
Hey Sabine, take a look at David Sinclairs "cell reset" work, it should treat glaucoma in the first human clinical trial next year. In theory, it should help with any kind of eye disease because of how it works. The good news is, it doesn't require getting Swiss cheese skull syndrome first.
David Sinclair’s work at Harvard has shown success in mouse models. I believe he is now advancing to test his epigenetic approach on non-human primates. If successful, this could be the breakthrough approach to reversing many aging related conditions like AMD, kidney failure, Alzheimer’s, and many others.
@@RGF19651A journalist years ago looked at how many "breakthrough", "exciting", "paradigm shifting" medical discoveries actually panned out. Result: very few. Researchers over promise so as to attract grant money and investors.
It is easy Sabine. 1) You take 1000 people who are visually heatlhy. You read his "visual thoughts". You storage the data. 2) You train a super deep machine learning model. 3) You pass from a 5k hd resolution camera to the iphone blueetooh chip 4) You process the input with the model. 5) Voilá *You just need the initial triggers, if an eye triggers X number of neurons, you can also triggers with chips (1x, 2x) on your brain...
I did my PhD on precisely this topic: a visual cortex implant for the blind. It was ~20 years ago, so not such « high » resolution (more like ~1000 « pixels » targeted in theory, a few tens through the skull in practice as a POC 🤷🏻♂️). Having dedicated a few years of my life to this topic, this video strikes a chord. 🫶 So I think I can qualify as an expert on this topic, and all I have to say is: I agree 100% with *everything* you said!… Final note: I agree with and trust most of what you say in general. This is just a « proof » for me that it’s worth it. I love this channel!… 😍
Also, he didn't claim that it may exceed human vision in all possible ways. Imagine switching the sensor to infrared or other wavelengths, for example. With AI you could also make the image more clear for the person.
Maybe if we could improve neuroplasticity it would be possible to make the brain adapt to more electrodes. The human brain can do incredible things, like echolocation if you're blind and train enough.
The point is that simulations might be wrong and maybe there will be drugs to help the brain adapt. I don't like Elon or anything. Just think that if we can help people with implants it should be done. I would not put something proprietary that has not been audited and could be used to collect information on my thought patterns in my brain. I would only use open source hardware that can have it's battery easily replaceable (without surgery) and has been troughtly tested.
It's a little easier for an engineering team to control for electrodes and their impact on neurophysiology in this case. Especially as our manufacturing ability for things such as electrodes has greatly improved in the last 20 years.
Since i've written a few longer posts now, ima just cheap out on this one and respond with just "there are too many neurons", its not viable to do "natural level visuals" trough _millions of_ electrodes, let alone something 'superhuman', they need a different approach, which is what the paper pretty much summarizes to.
The Mendi meditation headband can be used to move a ball through neurofeedback training; seems like you could make a more complex version of the device to do all sorts of computer interface stuff.
15 years doesn't seem that far away for an experimental iteration for neural link, especially with AI assisted code. Having a computer think with a person is better than a person think with a computer.
I was disappointed that you did not touch on the fact that Neuralink is an experiment that can teach us a tremendous amount about the brain. Much of the brain is still a mystery, and we don’t know what we don’t know. Just because it does not seem feasible with our current understanding, does not mean it is not possible. In this regard, Blindsight is not just an advanced sight aid, but an experiment that will teach them more about the visual circuitry than any other experiment ever.
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Musk isn't going to give you a pony. He's never going to be your friend, no matter how much you debase yourself by publicly defending his constant lies. You should think very, very hard about preserving what little dignity you have left.
There is a man who can hear colours. He has a device which turns colour into vibrations in his skull. He says he even started dreaming with this perception.
That paper basically said "look, we don't know how this works, but it can't be that simple" lol. i look at neura link like a self-fulfilling prophecy, the amount of information about the Brain that will be discovered with continued iterations of the device will probably become the knowledge that powers the device's own features.
Ehh no, the paper said something more along the lines of: "look we spent the last 100 or so years breaking all sorts of fun ethics laws to try understand how the brain works and while we still don't know much we do know its not going to be this simple" and even with my basic high school level biology understanding i would already agree with that? You think they can isolate the millions of neurons involved in such detail (again, it's not like a neuron per pixel or pixel-color) as well as the interactions with the rest of the brain that they can actually go beyond what's possible naturally? i really don't think so, there are already waaaaay too many neurons involved to do "same as natural vision", if they wanna do 'superhuman' then they 200% sure need a different approach where they basically bypass the whole visual cortex, _somehow._
@@Synthwalk No he didn't make the same argument. There are so many ideas that went nowhere, despite many people believing in them and funding them. Decades later they get picked up again after multiple major breakthroughs happened. You can't argue that this is a self-fulfilling prophecy. We don't need this research right now. We can just be realistic that this is not going to work, the research is shit, the methods are unethical, and Musk is lying again to get more investors. We can't throw shit at a wall, ignore every ethical standard that exists and then justify it with "trust me bro if we don't do it RIGHT NOW then no one will ever do it!".
@@Synthwalkk lemme clarify what the lad said: what would a brat know a thing about the brain that a great deal of scientists don't? Seriously, stop trying to make Elon a hero. If new discoveries are to be done, the credits are all on the scientists.
It has been 30 years since I was in med school neuro-biology, so I'm sure the basic science has improved, but we spent quite a bit of time on vision and how it is processed. The basic jist of it is that the pixels (cones and rods) don't just send a one-to-one signal to the cortex. Rather, it is heavily processed before hitting the brain. For example, it tries to find edges of objects and send that info as a block rather than a bunch of dots in a line. Having said that, I would expect that a neurolink implant could also do such processing, but of course that would require really understanding exactly how our eyes do that in great detail and accuracy.
Are you sure it's processed prior to reaching the brain? I wasn't aware the optical nerve was involved with much beyond transmission of light data at different frequencies (that is, the frequency of APs, not EM freq.). It has been a few years since I studied this intently.
@@thomabow8949 It has been more than 30 years and not in my field of practice . . . so I forget. This processing was probably within the brain but prior to the cortex. The line between "brain" and "eye" is a bit fuzzy though as the retina is considered part of the CNS. For sure however, the processing occurs before the conscious part of vision. This pre-conscious processing is part of why some optical illusions exist.
@@apostolakisl I'm curious if they can use any intact part of the 2nd cranial nerve to bypass the retinal processing if it's damaged. Or at least in some way surrogate for retinal processing. Excited to see where this technology will play out
@@user-mm9ve4le6m its not about the video, its about the so called 'expert' losers who try to attack musk with every piece of mud and garbage they find just because they disagree with him meanwhile hes helping paralyzed people gain function again
The major problem with implanted brain electrodes is scar tissue which cannot be avoided, pretty much happens as soon as they're inserted, in turn making the tissue less conductive over time
They might be able to coat the electrodes with something that prevents this from happening. But I don't understand why there's so much interest in invasive methods when there are others that seem safer, like David Eagleman's sensory substitution / haptic sensory expansion, or using wearable neurofeedback devices.
I disagree. I think the authors don't know how vision works and therefore cannot know how well these devices will end up working. The brain is remarkably adaptable, but we don't yet know exactly how adaptable and how it will respond to certain stimuli or how quickly we will figure out how to do it better. The fact that they say 'in the foreseeable future' gives the game away because the future isn't foreseeable so it could happen tomorrow. Give an actual lower bound or just say you don't know.
Ah'm purdy sure they know that, this chip is for setting EM field around the that part of the Brain that controls basic functions like; Fight or Flight and such. Do not even think about getting this surgically implanted.
From what Sabine said here, the conclusion of the paper is NOT what she concluded from it. Supervision IS in fact possible even from a smaller number of electrodes in your brain but only if you know exactly how the brain processes vision. What would then be required of course is visual processing outside the brain before the processed and compressed information is sent to the brain in a way that the brain is familiar with. You aren't getting 2000 pixels with 2000 electrodes, you distinguish between shapes, lengths, colors and other more abstact things with those electrodes since we already know that's how human brains process the information.
so if we don't know how it is processed, how can we predict how many cells we have to stimulate? Ah yes we can't, not to mention even, if we know how did we make sure just to contact the cells we need and not others (and thats not even taking into account that it might be different for different people). Or to say it in elonesk: i swear it is really that simple (must be a deja vu as i have had heard this before).
@@Techmagus76 No, that's the point of the paper though. Neuroplasticity and small upgrades can solve correctly targeting only the cells that you want to target. But the REAL bottleneck (and I agree with the researchers on this) is actually knowing WTF is going on in the brain so you know where and how to stimulate. As I see it,Elons approach is to just get in there and start finding out. And to be fair we've learned alot already non-invasively (like AI can show a video of what you're thinking about visually) but maybe at this point we need to actually get in there and start messing around to find out more.
@@Techmagus76 Yeah, it'll be the 'supervision' equivalent of Elon's 'hyperloop' - the hyperloop was supposed to be a network of tunnels covering vast swathes of a country allowing unmanned vehicles to fly at hundreds of mph from place to place. Remember trains and buses were finished. What it ended up as was a short tunnel cut under a road that has minimum wage drivers piloting Teslas at 25 mph through it. Elon is an idiot. The only thing more stupid than Elon are American investors - and that's how he created a stock bubble. Same as Elizabeth Holmes, Bernie Madoff et al.
The perception and visual centers of the brain are a far more complex and integrated system. There is no concept of pixels and there is no direct visual perception.
You guys act like it's Elon alone implanting people stuff he made in his shed before lunch. There are top brain surgeons working for Neuralink and with Neuralink and they know a thing or two about the brain. And if you go and listen to the recent interviews with their top guys conducted by Lex Friedman you'd know that they know what they are doing.
sabine, I must say that your channel is really informative and not just a copy paste of scientific news, you relly dig into the subjects. Its nice to have you on youtube. Thanks for all your work! Keep on working!
"Experts" also said landing and reusing rockets was nonsense. Now SpaceX is the leading company in space freight with virtually no competition. Elon is the expert. Everyone else are establishmentarians who want to squelch forward progress.
Sorry about your Grandmother. Since 2009, i have been receiving injections of medecine into both eyes every 4 weeks. Great fun. You must breathe deeply, relax for a few seconds, then not move while the doctor injects each eye. The good news is that i am not blind and, for now at least, i am able to drive with my wife's help. I'm 74. I pray that you will never have to undergo these $4,200 per eye treatments and that i will still be able to drive. God bless you, Sabine.
Sympathy. I have injections in just one eye and insurance covers almost all of it. Helps a lot -- major drawback with the shots is if the nurse doesn't wash out all the antiseptic before the numbing wears off. Stings for a while. Fingers crossed for both of us.
@pequod3 Ask your Dr. to apply the Betedine by giving you one spot at the injection site just before injection instead of flooding your eye with the stuff. Really helps. Also, after a while the numbing drops are useless. Ask for an injection of lidocaine. Really, really helps. Good luck. God bless.
The “experts” also said that vision only autonomous driving was nonsense but my Tesla has been driving me pretty flawlessly for the past 4 months without any intervention on my part. I wonder what the “experts” have to say now.
They would ask if you can drive drive from NY to LA using various road types under different weather conditions with zero interventions? Because humans can...
@@vylbird8014 In Q2 2024, the data show that for Tesla cars, while using autopilot technology, there is only one crash per 6.88 million miles driven. On the other hand, the US average is 1 crash per 670,000 miles driven. Tesla self driving software is 10 X safer than the average driver. Now you can moan and deny reality but, in 10 years, you will wake up in a car driven by some software licensed by Tesla.
What would be an interesting concept is using the wire in a "linear emitter" sort of way. Nodes along the wire for stimulation emission sites, going further to manipulate the material itself to try and "synchronize" a pillar of stimulation (say, the site closest to the skin has a slightly slower propagation speed). Then rather than trying to emit things in a "DC" way, you could get high-frequency interference patterns. It would need to be incredibly fast and precise, but in theory there's some potential for creating a complex volumetric stimulation. Conveniently the brain appears pretty slow, so maybe frequency filters at different nodes could be used, and then each filter could be selectively caused to generate voltage over a single line.
My daughter has a genetic disease. Its called Morfan disease. Affects the cartilage. She has had surgery on her heart valve. He mother, grandma and aunt all died young. They are always coming out with new things thanks to medical science. They say people with morfan can live longer. I hope so.
Saying "That's not the way it works" is not very useful There may be a need to map the incoming pixels to make it work I trust that the Neurolink will find a way to make it work
Then you should *immediately* volunteer to allow your comic book messiah to implant his fraudulent gadgets in *your* brain. Talk is cheap -- put your own skin in game. Your boy Elon will be so grateful he might even acknowledge your existence for a millisecond or so.
My chemistry teacher told us a story about the time the kids were heating up a solvent in beakers with bunsen burners... but then he noticed the solvent was gasoline. So he told everybody, "everybody, everybody, please turn off your bunsen burners. All of them. Ok, class dismissed!"
@Grunchy005 my chemistry teacher was an old lady, though. I bet she found it very easy to control us... whenever we did anything mischievous she got very emotional, and we all loved and respected her, so we stopped doing the thing which was making her upset...
@unzarjones I think anyone who is critical might have the tendency to do so if the claims are very disjointed from conclusions drawn from real-life observations.. what is she so blatantly dismissive about, though? She is dismissive about any theory or claim that has sufficient evidence to back it up? I have not come across such a topic, though.. I am truly sorry, but I can't relate..
It's good that he is at least trying this. Nothing to loose. After all, the experts also said that rockets that are at the same time rapidly reusable, cheap enough and safe for astronauts are very unlikely to be possible. And that if they were possible, NASA with an annual budget of multiple Musk's net worths at the time would have already done it. Then he did it anyway. Even if there is only 5% chance of this succeeding, it is a worthwhile effort. I just keep expectations in check, and applaud any such effort, even if most fail.
My mother was diagnosed with macular degeneration about 10 years before she died (of other causes). She asked me about it a time because I am a retired physician. When she died at age 83, her vision was still quite good.
Before a person loses their eyesight, they could have neurolink installed and then a computer could learn how the brain organizes visual information. Once the eye disease progresses and the person is blind the neurolink device could take over or compensate, restoring vision.
@gurlakthedestroyer Basically, you would let neurolink train on what your currently viewing. As Sabine said, electrodes don't represent pixels, and each person's brain will be different. I imagine that for basic training, you would stare at some geometric shapes on a computer screen. Neurolink would then be able to corelate the image generated to the signals received. It should then be able to reproduce the exact signals and hopefully you would then see the same shape without the monitor. Some big ifs there, of course.
It sounds as if the problem is then finding the right placement and depth for the electrodes? The more our understanding of the brain increases, the better we will be able to place them.
I remember reading an article 20+ years ago about William H. Dobelle who was working on the same technology. Skipping the eyes completely and stimulating the visual cortex. He even got a "blind" man to be able to drive a car around the parking lot.
Fun fact, the tech hasn't really advanced much since then (it's gotten smaller but not much better) and that's part of the reason why Elons claims are so ridiculous, because its not for lack of trying that this hasn't really progressed. Even if you throw billions of dollars at it we simply don't have the technology to make "normal human vision" with a webcam and some wires in the brain, let alone something beyond that. The best stuff we have right now is hardly "10 by 10 pixels" (even tho we shouldn't talk about it like pixels that's basically what some people that have these sort of devices describe it as) so tweeting that he thinks they might go "beyond human" any time soon, with this approach, is beyond laughable 🤷♂
One thing Jim Keller, a chip design legend, noted of Elon Musk, is that "he has the remarkable ability to change the impossible into late". Now, with that said, I do think in principle there is almost certainly going to be some way of augmenting faltering vision in the next ten years (in the lab. I make no promises about commercial adoption). It might be an insight from advanced AI models that unlock biological processes (artificial cells which can specifically target specific cells in your body, or nanobots) to biologically restore vision, or it might be a continuation of artificial vision augmentation as discussed in this video. One thing I've noted personally, is that if you look at things like artificial echolocation (the thought emporium has a great episode on this) it appears that the brain is remarkably adaptable to new types of stimulus; it might take longer to learn how to use it, but I suspect that even if new "vision augmentations" don't operate on the same principles as classical vision, it's entirely possible we will adapt to it regardless. That leads me to an interesting question though. If the types of vision we can impart on people are fairly forgiving in the sense that we can adapt to new types of vision we weren't born with, is it a good idea to give people additional types of vision such as infrared? What about infrared only and echolocation, with no coverage of the standard visual spectrum? Is heat vision possible? I think there are going to be a lot of very interesting and weird questions in the next twenty or so years surrounding biological augmentation.
If you can do normal vision, heat vision is simply possible by converting infrared into visual band. Just have a button on your artificial eye to switch between detectors
Exactly.. if we listen to the "experts" then technological progress will stop. Most of these things that are impossible are just difficult problems that need to be solved. I'd rather have people like Elon not listening to the experts and trying to figure this stuff out than listen to the experts that say its not possible. Maybe Elon dies of old age before this happens but we need someone stupid enough to spend the time and money on trying to do the impossible.
I think you're right. For Elon to be able to pull this off, he'd have to do some brain mapping in the occipital lobe. (WOW, sign me up for that! Not just a drill into the skull). I think the future of the treatment of AMD is delay and prevention. There are some therapies that I can't mention on here that you might be interested in. My mother has done very well, she's almost 85, although her brother, not so much.
I think a large element of what is said about Elon is disingenuous; people see him as "the rocket" or "EV guy" and do not listen to what he _actually_ says. In his latest Lex Friedman interview, when talking about resolution, he clearly discussed the possibility of using electrodes to create interference patterns that enable higher resolution that the number of electrodes themselves would imply. (This is the same approach used in lithography for producing microchips at smaller and smaller resolutions.) To me, this indicates an extremely sophisticated understanding of the potential ways forward, even if some of them turn out to be blind alleys (no pun intended). As to brain mapping... This is tricky. The visual cortex fixes around 8, and, I believe, is one of the least plastic of all regions (not my area of expertise, but have some issues with my eyesight, so have done some research...). That said, our brains are incredibly adaptable and it may be the case that the brain of a patient will simply adapt to the incoming signals, obviating the need for such deep pre-mapping technology. I for one am going to remain optimistic that we truly are in the "it's just an engineering problem now" phase of development.
I've been following the advances in vision technology for years, because like Sabine I run a very high risk of being blind in the near future. While I agree with the findings in the paper, the fact is still that the upper limit of electrode connections needs to be found. The authors don't have an answer and at least Blind sight and others are exploring the fridge of the questions that will need to be answered. I get why people distrust Elon , his political stance is pretty suspect...but there's nothing wrong with his science. Hypothesis, data, theory, repeat.... All the doom and gloom purveyors and anti Elon folk likely have no real threat of blindness... and that makes them blind to the possibilities that science can bring to those of us who live with it daily. I personally have told Elon (through a replied tweet) that when he gets it to 720p color , I would seriously consider the operation for at least one eye. I don't think he has all the answers...but science!!!
Elon Musk is the investment potential, not the engineer doing the work. He has no engineering experience, because if he did, he would have known stealing Robert Goddard's Vac train was a bad idea! He wouldn't have lied about full self driving, he wouldnt have lied about the cyber truck, he wouldnt need to lie to get investors to invest, he would have a working product to demonstrate! being skeptical of Elon is smart given his track record for lying! Easier too fool someone than to convince them they have been fooled! Elon has made a living fooling people!
Sabine, occipital lobe implants have been done occasionally for many decades. The complex nature of visual ‘phosphenes’ has also been known for many decades. This stuff was taught in undergraduate psychology classes, again many decades ago. Did researchers just forget??
Lost knowledge of the modern era. This is a very common sight these days. In all technical fields, you can always find people who are simply clueless about things that were once common knowledge. As a programmer, it's scary seeing all of the people who think the backend runs of magic fairy dust... I can't imagine what it must be like to be someone in a medical field and seeing everyone around you forget about crucial information that has been known for decades. I guess nobody cares anymore about, well, keeping people alive, lol...
They didn't forget, it's Neuralink that forgot because Elon is a hype man who thinks he knows "Stuff". Other companies are better than Neuralink, but they don't get the hype or the dead monkeys.
Sorry to hear about your AMD inheritance. The problem with most optical prosthetics is indeed the lack of knowledge of the organization, and thus functioning, of the visual system due to its complexity. Regrettably i believe blindsight is bound to failure since they're obviating TWO levels of visual processing, the first at the retina and a second one at the lateral geniculate nucleus. In fact it would be ideal to set the electrodes in that nucleus, since the information transfer at that level is point to point with little to no lateral dispersion and could be addressed if you prefer to focus on photopic or escotopic vision (colour and detail perception against broad shape and movement perception)
The people who received the neuron ink implant are very happy with their improvement. It gave them a new outlook on life. Hurrah for Elon who actually helps people
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
People WAKEUP & pay attention! This is NOT good for humanity! Stop being BRAINWASHED AND DECEIVED! EM needs to be shutdown & stripped of all his power & money. He wants to have control. His inventions are dangerous & not to be trusted! When all these hidden agendas get exposed, then y'all see! Don't wait until it's too late! Take action & spread awareness! Get involved. Stop being gullible!!!
You can help slow down age-related macular degeneration by reducing - if possible completely remove - plant-based seed oils from your food. There have been medical studies about the history of various populations’ health developments around the world and it turns out the introduction of most seed oils into people’s regular diets has had a horrible effect on their health. The push to use them in food came from industry that used them as a source to produce lubricants/technical oils which looked for more lucrative markets to exploit with the crops they grew.
I'm sorry to hear that you have so little time left, I hope either a cure is found or implants can solve the issue. On the subject of the video, I'm reminded of a quote from Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri, "Scientists must be optimists at heart, in order to block out the incessant chorus of those who say ‘It cannot be done.’"
This is laughably ironic, as the the method used to implant these electrodes in blood vessels (stents), are the same medical instruments used to treat and prevent blood clots that can cause strokes. That's literally the reason the company doing this type of implant named it Stentrode (a combination of stent and electrode). It's actually quite intriguing and ingenious how they were able to take advantage of an already existing medical procedure to make a BCI (Brain computer interface). If you're interested, you can check them out or watch some UA-cam videos about them too.
I'm rather suspicious of the long term health implications of implanting anything directly to the brain, but I guess we have only one way to truly find out (and of course patients should be fully informed about the risks and all that).
@@the-answer-is-42 suspicion stems from lack of knowledge about the field. you are nothing more than a 50 year old elementary school graduate being terrified of 5g. i dont feel bad about you, but i do about everyone around you.
@@the-answer-is-42 Well I've got some good news for you then, you don't have to be suspicious, as all of this information has been gathered and studied for decades now. And we've had more than just one way to find out 😉. Firstly, in regards to Stentrode, they're not directly implanting it into the brain tissue (they're only inside blood vessels). This is why they got approved for human trials much earlier than Neuralink (which does directly implant into the brain tissue), the Long term effects of which are already well understood given the use of stents in treating blood clots, plaque and cholesterol build up in blood vessels for many years now. Secondly, in Neuralink's case, they've developed their implant with the knowledge of decades worth of human brain implant surgeries conducted by different medical and scientific research fields. They aren't the first to implant electrodes in the brain, but they've learnt and vastly improved on the shortcomings, drawbacks and negative side effects (non life-threatening BTW), all in the pursuit of making a product that can actually help people with neurodegenerative diseases, spinal cord damage and various other brain related handicaps. Before it took machines like fMRI scanners and literally wired spikes (some of these early electrodes were literally two nails shoved into the brain) to be able to detect, research and find treatments for patients. The patient couldn't carry the implants or large machines home with them, and Even if they could, they'd be cumbersome to live with (imagine living with wires coming out of your head). Many of the old methods for BCI implants often had issues with tissue scaring around the point of insertion (this didn't negatively impact the patient directly, but made it difficult for the electrodes to pick up the brain signals), some occasional internal bleeding (caused by the rigid electrodes not moving in rhythm with the brain as it pulsates when blood is being pumped in and out of it, as well as, the surgical implantation of the electrodes literally piercing through blood vessels during insertion), and finally the exposure of the open wound left for the wire to attach, being vulnerable to infection, etc. Neuralink has solved all of these issues with their BCI design by making the implant wireless, the electrodes hair-thing and flexible, and the insertion done by a surgical robot capable of avoiding blood vessels and therefore eliminating the chance of bleeding all together. The biggest plus to theirs is also the number of electrodes, the previous world record for number of electrodes in a brain implant were 100, now Neuralink has made theirs 1024 (over ten times more) and plan to increase it to 3000 in upcoming iterations.
@@the-answer-is-42 We do this already, and this is technically less invasive than other forms of neurosurgery, especially given the fact that future design are interesting in retaining the dura and not incising it.
Honestley, the study just gives me hope. The mere fact that they actually say an incredibly grainy image is possible from full blindness is incredible.
Small group of experts say it's impossible... Lets recap. Experts said you can't land rockets... SpaceX did that. Experts said you can't build thousands of satellites and make internet space... SpaceX did that. Experts said you can't build electric Semi trucks... Tesla did that Experts said you can't have autonomous cars off vision only... Tesla is doing that (others starting to change). I'm not saying it's going to happen for sure, but can we stop looking at one group of "experts". Often times it's just one entrenched group of researchers who don't want to lose funding, so they pretend their old way of doing things is the only way. Often they believe that, but their bias helps reinforce it.
Where is the hyperloop? where are the robo taxis? Where is the mars colony? Where are the electric semi trucks that beat rail? all of these promised by musk and oh no they are YEARS late, by that I mean will never arrive by the end on the decade or the next.
@@acakeshapedlikeatrainonatable hyper loop was an idea, not a project. Robo taxis are coming, search AI DRIVR FSD 12.5. Mars colony is coming. Space industry is transformed completely... Is this a real critique? Electric Semi in use by Pepsi. Tesla is now building a factory for it. Again, not saying everything happens, but that clearly "experts" are not always right.
@@acakeshapedlikeatrainonatable Hyperloop was an idea, not a project worked on by Elon. Mars colony is coming... SpaceX has already revolutionized the space industry. Is this really a good critique? Electric semi trucks are in use by Pepsi in a semi testing phase. Platooning is when they beat rail cost wise. Tesla is building a factory for the semi now. I'm not saying this will for sure happen, but clearly a group of "experts" are not the benchmark we should go off of. All of these are extremely hard problems, and are actually being solved.
Semi is a failure, Starship is a failure, hyperloop is a failure and so is the solar roof. Main guys for Tesla and SpaceX are long gone building their own companies - Lucid and Impulse.
@@MattFreemanPhD They never said that. NASA was working on them well before Musk. However, there wasn't enough launches to justify R&D and for good or bad the shuttle ate it.
And yet he keeps proving them all wrong. I'm old enough to remember when most experts claimed he wouldn't be able to revolutionize the car industry or the space industry...
Elon Musk has a track record of remarkable successes and remarkable failures, so true skepticism is probably the right stance to take. I'm sending him all the best I can. My mom has RP and MD, so she's blind. An upgrade to artificial retinas would be a godsend.
@@bdnnijs192 Reusable rocketry, greatly improving the logistics of space exploration in a stagnated era. New engine ergonomics and design. Pushing forward novel BCI technology focusing on disease and functionality in a market that is highly regulated (as it should be) and requires incredible capital investment for this technology to advance. Smart vehicle technology that is now being adapted to practically every manufacturer, increasing road awareness and safety. All four of these have manufacturing and engineering techniques and technologies are going to diffuse into the market. Now, these are Musk's companies, which are filled with engineers and scientists who deserve the credit.
@@thomabow8949 Men walked on the moon in the 60's and DpaceX cannot even break earth orbit and Neuralink's tortured dosens of animals to copy a brain interface done in the 2000's. Virtually every other self driving technology is superior to Tesla. Driving more cars is a bad idea anyway and Tesla is underperforming even in that aspect.
There is a not-insignificant amout of visual processing (like movement and edges as mentioned in the video) which are processed in the retina before being sent to the retinal ganglion layer (where "signals") are propogated to the visual cortex. Im not saying that its impossibke for harware to duplicate this pre-VC processing, but we certainly dont know what ot is yet.
Vision is several steps that add information as it is processed. The first thing we see is movement, then we see edges and resolve into shapes. Next is getting details that show shading, texture and background. The last added is color. From detecting motion to seeing a full image in color takes micro seconds.
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Don't trust EM folks!! WAKEUP & pay attention! His creations aren't good for humanity! That's 1reason they delete comments that speak truth&facts! There's a hidden agenda behind all of this nonsense! Stop being BRAINWASHED AND DECEIVED folks. Why aren't he putting his money & efforts towards helping the poor & less fortunate?! Instead, he wants control . Imagine once the chip is implemented then it malfunctions or has you acting crazy or even worse, ends your life! People, stop being gullible & do your research! Fact is, nothing he's creating is for humanity!!
@@AtlasReburdened You could mean one of two things: Either that anyone doubting the viability of the hyperloop or commercial space flight for a few bucks replacing planes and robotaxis everywhere by 2020 are just envious, or that your post saying the same stuff his followers would say somehow stands out as sarcastic. Let me tell you that neither is the case.
It remains to be seen what’s possible. Recording from visual cortex with high density implants might give insight in how to process the image data and respectively stimulate the array. The engineering/neuroscience teams will be well aware they need to do much more than just feed the camera data into stimulation matrix.
They also said it was impossible to land rockets ... until it wasn't... I don't know if this will be successful, but I'm thankful someone like Elon is crazy enough to try and do it anyway !
The "superhuman sight" thing is probably just over-optimistic hype, at least for now, but as you said, I'd take what there is over blindness. Musk seems to be doing a good thing here.
@@howtoappearincompletely9739 "superhuman" doesn't necessarily mean resolution, it could mean zoom or simply infrared and ultraviolet. Frankly, if you crack the core problem of integrating with the visual cortex, adding the options for UV, IR and zoom seems like it would be trivial...
I think it is possible to create a good visual prosthesis, but it will take time. We've seen progress in creating prosthetic hearing, and it would seem that prosthetic sight would be a matter of overcoming a number of hard and complex technical problems that, like all such challenges, will give way after sufficient work and innovation is invested.
THIS ! Video is complete nonsense for me ! Just because signals don't work like pixels doesn't mean more signals can't make transmission easier. Because it is also to learn more about how these “pixels” are generated. Nothing is incompatible. Furthermore, the fear of making a hole in the skull is totally subjective, it is commonly done every day in many hospitals without problems. Moreover, having an implant in a vein of the brain can have MUCH MORE SERIOUS complications ! So... no, that's just your opinion.
I am 62 years old. I have been legally blind since birth. In recent years, I have also developed a form of macular degeneration. So to say the least, my eyesight is not improving. I have used many camera based systems over the years, and they all have one major flaw, and that is their ability to focus quickly. It is nearly impossible to develop a camera system that can adjust to changing perspective as quickly as an eye can.
Confusing names of constellations with the temporary position of matter we call stars. Just because we call identify an arrangement of matter as a 'thing' doesn't mean it's a thing. We just need to show what the light differential is indicating and the mind will do the rest
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Hey Sabine, dAMD researcher here. I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother lost her sight in her later years to AMD/GA. Losing your sight is a frightening prospect. However, while there are a number (5-7 major ones) of genetic SNP/risk factors which are correlated with eventual diagnosis with AMD, the majority of elderly subjects who carry multiple of these snps never develop AMD or who do not advance to vision threatening forms of AMD (neovascular or geographic atrophy). It is good that you are evaluating your genetic risk and are taking charge of your future health, but there are still many risks and causes of AMD that are not understood. Love your channel. Best of luck.
I also have Mother, Aunt, etc family history of AMD. Also, I have other auto-immune issues. I strongly recommend reading how diet has affected AMD. My diet changes have greatly helped, and my vision has improved.
according to british newspaper Daily Mail, diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol are strongly implicated in vascular disease. Should i believe everything printed in the daily mail ???
@@alib6060 There is a lot of very good research being done on the impacts of diet on a number of areas. And also long-term disorders like T2 diabetes which certainly LOOKS to be fully reversible by diet, a possibility that is being ACTIVELY RESISTED by the medical establishment on behalf of companies like Eli Lilly (who announced record profits based on - you guessed it - their diabetes medications).
Kinda like how Exxon-Mobil and Chevron don't want you to know that burning fossil fuels are killing you in multiple ways ...
Why is it in Africa many cases of AMD are correctly attributed to malnutrition whereas in western countries there are none? It is clear that there are many cases micronutrient deficiency in the US and other western nations. Why is only macro nutrient deficiency, (malnutrition) the only thing measured. If you don't ask the right questions, you will never find the answer. Well known in physics.
@@Four_Words_And_Much_More Exactly. Has anyone in the comments mentioned the early volunteers for spinal cord injury repairs? There are many who hopefully went through electrode implants, etc. Now, they have an immune system trying to deal with a lot of wires,etc, some of which are deteriorating. They can't all be removed without more damage. And their spinal cord injuries are still there.
I am not anti-scientific experimentation. But why is it so much $$ and hype goes to "hardware" science? And, no, I am not getting paid by Big Broccoli.
"Forget about building particle detectors, i 'll find dark matter just by looking". Brutal sense of humor, trademark of this channel. The science is, also, excellent.
You could say it's literally dark humor! :-)
@@friedmule5403 No, it's actually MOND humor.
@@NuisanceMan Muted Observation Nullification Disease?
Unless Elon Musk can increase the sensitivity in the Cones & Rods or expand them into the Infrared and Ultraviolet spectrums, I will doubt his capability to give humans supervision in our eyes!!! He needs to find ways to elevated our consciousness first or raise our development... but good luck to him.
I've been slowly losing my vision for the last 35 years due to glaucoma, and there isn't much left. I've heard of many promises by companies but they usually say their tech won't work for glaucoma. Regardless, the ophthalmologists I've seen think they might be able to preserve my vision to the point where I can still see a few things at the end of my life.
When I was first diagnosed, I made a decision to devote time to take in as much beautiful scenery as opportunities made available to me. This was one of my better life decisions as now, even though my vision is quite poor, I still have some awesome memories of beautiful sights.
I wish you the best with your vision, Sabina.
Does pot help?
@@bobweiram6321 how exactly would weed help with neural degeneration caused by glaucoma
Nothing bout Neural regeneration of the Occipital Nerve!? That's preposterous!
maybe you can heal that nerve somehow
Sabine: many many years ago a very distinguished professor from Stanford, who was on a speaking tour, visited the circuit R and D lab that I worked for. He warned all of us analog designers that silicon gate lengths could not realistically go below 1um and that all analog designs possible would be exhausted even before that time. At present, silicon gate lengths are in the single digit nanometer lengths, and I'm still designing analog circuits and receiving patents. He did give me a good scare when I was a young lad, though. I thought I'd be selling cheap electric tools at a shopping mall. Experts gotta have opinions but the rest of us gotta keep working.
that cat video reminds me of the night i went out on the porch and saw a stuffed animal. i leaned over to pick it up and it was actually a skunk standing on its front legs. got me right in the ear
well that stinks.
standing on its front legs??
That stinks to hear.
@@ziggyzoggin Yes they often do before spraying.
Finally I can realize my dream of seeing in infrared like the Predator. Thanks Elon
People can do that anyway using certain night-vision eyewear.
@@ericlipps9459 it won't look right with the mask
Will you recognize the Alien?
@@bjb7587 do you mean will I see that aliens are living among us like that movie They Live? Possibly
He promise a lot! Also regarding Mars, I find it astonishing that no one mentions that humans are not made for weak or zero gravity. The gravitational pull of Mars is, depending on the region, at Ø of 35% compared to earth, which leads to osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, circulatory problems, eye problems and reproduction may not work either.
the horror of finding out your brain implant says "intel inside"
Or finding out you forgot to pay the subscription and are now blind...
Or if Apple gets into it, you’ll need Apple brand eyes.
or that you did it and it turns out they could have done it without implanting it in your brain. also intel is a million times more capable than 90% of you.
Elon inside
@@mm-yt8sf Worse its built to the same standard as a Musk Truck 🤢
1:13 I love how it's playing virtual insanity in the background😂
??
@@ckpioo Virtual insanity is a song by jamiroquai
Wow. No virtual ears for you in sight
@@greatPretender79It's actually a lot easier to hear at 1:24, but it's already playing before that.
Hi Sabine, I really enjoy your videos, thank you :) I'm a retina researcher and have good news for you, AMD is not a simple hereditary disease, so it is not a given that you'll develop it. There are indeed genetic risk factors (there is a lot more than one), so if you had a genetic risk assessment, I hope they looked at least at a couple of them. Remember, that you can also reduce your risk by reducing the environmental factors (like smoking). That said, there are two major blinding end stages that are different, geographic atrophy and wet, or neovascular AMD - there are a couple of anti-VEGF treatments that have a fairly good chance of arresting the progression of the neovascularisation. There is also a lot of research aimed at coming up with alterantive therapies, so in ~10-20 years we'll hopefully have a couple of different therapeutic options.
I wish I had a dollar for every time someone says “it won’t work” or “its impossible.” And then it’s commonplace and you can’t remember a time when it didn’t exist.
I'm all for healthy skepticism, especially when it comes to people like Elon, who's only skill is a large sack of cash, are the ones saying it.
But I'm not a huge fan of people saying "it's impossible"
While there's accuracy in the statement that you can't just up the resolution of the image relayed by adding more wires (which would be a challenge in and of itself) the fact is there's stuff we're not understanding about how this tech actually works when we say that. Not to mention what the actual science says is "the approach of adding more wires won't increase resolution" is true, it's fundamentally ignoring how other parts of the tech can be improved upon to make it better.
Not to mention what a lot of these people are doing is naysaying, Elon is an idiot that has no idea what is possible with the tech, which leads "haters" to automatically attack any claims he makes. Sure the approach they're taking now won't be the best, and in 10 years of research they may figure out how to simply plug into a nerv behind the ear and get 16k video resolution playing directly to the brain, not saying that's possible but that's similar to how a lot of tech in the past ended up getting improved upon was a complete change in direction and methodology.
"There's no way we can send digitized text base message through the phone lines," sure, using the "phone" protocol to send data like text is extremely limited and hard to manage... so we invented... cell data. A completely different approach using new tools and methods and suddenly we're wondering if we can effectively stream 8K sports to our phones one day.
@SherrifOfNottingham elon is a train wreck who only destroys everything he touches. Not to mention his own kids don't even like him. Dude is a fake.
@@SherrifOfNottingham Here's the thing about Musk: He has a vision of what he wants to do, and then he tries to do it. He sets unrealistic deadlines to push his people, but he gets stuff done. He has Asperger's syndrome, so his social interactions will be strained, and we see that every time he opens his mouth. He says whatever thought pops into his mind at the time; he literally cannot help it. But he's done amazing things with SpaceX, Tesla and so on. He did with Dragon in half the time and money that Boeing did. In fact he put a rocket in orbit with 500 people that takes Boeing 500,000(or should say they used to). But he needs a muzzle.
if i had a dollar for every time someone says "it won`t work" and it does not work... there is not enough money on the planet lol
@@SherrifOfNottinghamdude this narrative of elon being merely an investor with a vision ala steve jobs is ridiculous, he is a physicist and gets involved in the process, maybe in this area not as much but still, even his employees have spoken about this
i just trademarked the word "sightX", i should be rich any moment now.
XSight was already trademarked?
@@HarryNicNicholas Holy shit, you're getting a payday!
How about I-eye?
Don't count your cash yet buddy, iv got "XVision" May the dumber name win!
@@brothermine2292 XSight is sucha better name. it's wild they didn't use that.
The current eye-implanted models actually turned out to be much *better* than we were expecting, because the brain adapts in ways we are not entirely sure of yet.
I suspect that, once those 3000 electrodes are actually implanted into a human being, we will see much better visual acuity than you would expect from a 3kpx camera.
And yes, we will probably see much *worse* acuity from the 3Gpx model, because human brains don't work that way.
There is also an element, I think, that if we deal with the person that went blind, he has memories of how things look like, and the brain has a chance to reconstruct (say cat) by using less information. You will not get details, but one can imagine you can get a good picture of a more generic cat.
This is where Neural Network based AI can actually come in. If we train an filter between the camera and the optical nerve by capturing visual data that has entered the eye as input and capturing the data the eye is then sending via the optic nerve to the brain with wide variety of healthy people
We could then use it to replicate what a working eye would then send to the brain when it receives similar sort of visual information, but this time the eye layer is replaced by the Neural network
This is in theory already very feasible with our current technology
Because the eye is basically just a sensor, replacing it would be a million times easier than trying to mess with the insanely complex processing our brain does with that information
Our eyes can see four billion colours no artificial eye is going to come even close
@@user-qi6ke6dw1l ahahahahaha, you mean 3 actual colours (bands) and only around 10 million total perceived colours MAX. While the average human can only distinguish only about 1 million perceived colours
Hyperspectral sensors can capture hundreds to thousands of bands compared to the measly 3 our eyes can.
Get your facts right mate before you spout such nonsense
@@user-qi6ke6dw1l Your eyes can see THREE colors, your brain interprets.
A few things. 1) I think neuroplasticity is better than we think and after much training time this will be better than predicted. 2) Compound electrodes, as in electrodes with multiple contacts along their length will multiply the effective areas to stimulate, yielding more resolution. 3) Developing an algorithm to vary voltages and patterns of electrode stimulation may enable color or other qualities. 4) My intuition tells me that open brain surgery with a device that actively avoids blood vessels will be safer than a mesh embedding itself into blood vessels of the brain, at least initially I think the stroke risk in the catheter method will be higher.
Wow, neurosurgery by vibes and your "intuition". Should be easy! You Musk simps are consistently hilarious, totally beyond parody.
Mt Aunt had macular degeneration. It was sad to see a talented artist lose her sight.
My sight has improved since going vegan years ago. Eat lots of fruit and veg, beans, rice, nuts and seeds, etc. Nutrition is totally underrated in the field of science and medicine.🤖
Sure but the criticism forgets that the N1 is a read and write device - it can be used just as well for research. It might take a few more iterations but it could be used to learn more about how the visual cortex processes. In fact we can learn a lot about just about every part of the neocortex with it.
elon's team has already solved this problem. this video is trying to demoralize scientific advancement and stunt the growth of science. it also has the plan to discourage the individual away from personal research. sabine is too biased and she constantly negates people's explorative vices and experimental breakthroughs.
But wouldn't that need some healthy subjects to have the chip implanted, so that we can learn how visual stimuli end up in the cortex in a functioning eye-nerve-brain system?
Not sure if I would like to do that myself...
@@stefanhennig Yes, but I imagine in most cases the blindness is caused by the eyes not the visual cortex. You could be totally blind and still have a totally healthy visual cortex (minus atrophy?).
You're saying this as if we can't already measure visual cortex processes, we can, dont need some creepy Musk chip in my head for that.
@@suicidalbanananana Not nearly as well, no. None of the other competitors have as much resolution.
I have my vision impaired severely because of the retina detachment. Hope some day to have this fixed with something like Neurolink.
That's just happened to me as well. A lot of people get it apparently
Just age
I was told my brain will phase out the distortions, fuzzy areas and the big black bean shaped object that flies about in my eye. Apparently, it learns to ignore it.
"ellie in space" channel interviewed the first neuralink patient if you weren't aware, great interview, great guy.
I've had an infection essentially destroy my right cornea. Retinal detachment is a possible complication of the disease I had, and one thing I've always had a particular fear of, but luckily it seems I'm in the clear and won't be getting it. I wish good things for you, just don't know what exactly it is I wish for because retinal detachment is nasty.
I hope you got money buddy because I've got the feeling that this will be available only for people with a discrete level of economic wealth.
@@Debbie-henri Are you sure you're not at a black eyed peas concert?
I have a Cochlea Implant in my left ear. Works great. So why not eyes?
@@dehweh2297 Precisely.
Sometimes, I wonder if people would rather prevent the development, just so they can get one over on Elon 🤷♂️
The very best cochlear implant may have over a hundred channels of interface. A bare-minumum visual equivilent would need thousands, and that's just to keep from walking into doors. If you want near-normal vision you're looking at millions of individual connections. And not into the cochlea, which is not exactly implant-friendly but still doable: You're going straight into brain tissue, or at the very least the almost-as-delicate retina if use a retinal implant.
This is why retinal implants are not commonplace - lots of research and clinical trials of prototypes, but very seldom used beyond that. Because it's a risky surgery to implant a device which will still give only very low-quality vision and which may well cease working after a time because retinal tissue tends to die if you stab lots of tiny wires into it.
@@vylbird8014 Have you heard of a little thing called progress...?
@@vylbird8014 Well said!!
I think Elon has the same misunderstanding as a bunch of people here, exactly like you said there are _millions of neurons_ that need to fire perfectly for just normal human vision, thats already way out of the scope of what's possible for at least another decade & then if you start talking tissue damage/scar tissue, then yea, it's not happening. So beyond human vision is most definitely not happening with this approach.
Something else entirely a few decades from now? sure, that's still very much on the table, trying to take this super basic 'brain implant' thing (thats just a load of wires) to the lengths that Elon thinks it can be taken? no.
@@suicidalbanananana Elon has deceived thousands, for Billions of dollars, in promising this will all happen
I don't know that the statement "we don't currently understand the neurophysiology of the brain's vision system such that we can really work with it" rules out "One day we will be able to use electrodes implanted in the brain to restore sight" to the degree it can be labelled nonsense? It seems like a solveable problem, neighbouring on impossible but not actually. I remember such doubt around mRNA as a usable mechanism for cell therapy too, now we've already achieved mRNA vaccines and many more applications are expected to be achievable within most of our lifetimes.
Musk presents his idea as if its a working concept that just needs gradual improvement. We don't know if this problem will be solved in 5, 10, 20 or even 40 years. So he shouldn't make empty promises or give people false hope just to cater to potential investors.
Saying that in the future some tech will come and revolutionize doesn't make anyone a genius.
Sabine. I personally know a sharpshooter that can can see details far further than a man of 20/20 vision. His resolution is obviously superhuman and he is a non modified regular human. So obviously regular human vision is not the limit
20/20 vision doesn't mean "20 out of 20, the human limit," it means something more like "can read 20 point type at 20 feet." It is entirely possible to have better than 20/20 vision.
"Super-human" could refer to more than mere resolution. The camera might be able to see wavelengths outside of normal human vision, such as infrared and ultraviolet, and it might magnify more or wider than human vision, maybe even zoom between tele and wide - even 360°, and might be able to focus closer, and might be able to turn more than the human eye, and may even be detachable for remote viewing or connect to other cameras for tele-operation.
"I see more... but more isn't better."
- Geordi La Forge
Once again, the human brain is not designed to interpret those frequencies. Its like hooking up a brand new digital camera to your commodore 64 and expecting it to render a jpeg!
@@tklue300 Says who? The brain interprets electrical signals -- that's all. It doesn't interpret "frequencies" (of light) in the slightest -- the eye is what limits our vision band, not the brain.
@@tklue300Even if so, you can convert frequencies outside of the visual range (though the limit is more our eye receptors, than the brain itself) into usual visual band, and night-vision goggles/scopes do
you'd think it's pretty obvious that future neuralink versions will allow your brain to access zoomed images, AI enhanced images, lidar, night vision and countless other options for super human vision
Very sorry to hear that, not only because you´re needed.
Genetic inheritage is just half of the truth. Most hereditary deseases have just a specific (or unspecific) percentage to come up in the next generation again, since our genes come from both parents. What about this one? Is there a dominance? Are there numbers?
She said her genetic test confirmed the presence of the problematic genes.
Basically, she is saying that she don't like elon and neral link sould give up on their indevers
I didn't know there was a test available
@@jamesharter4973You’re hearing things.
@@boogeiyman
Which doesn’t mean she WILL go blind.
I went suddently and totally blind myself years ago, so naturally take an interest in this. Let's for a minute ignore the fact that my brain would effectively become an internet enabled device with an IP address assigned to it, which comes with all sorts of issues on its own...
Current neural link implants they've done have the brain compartementalized and mapped out, so for example, they know exactly which region of the brain will produce signals when you move your hand. They listen to the neurons at that specific region while you simulate moving your hand, put all that brain wave activity through a machine learning model, which produces an algorithm used to allow you to move your hand via thought. Cool, innovative, and excellent.
Reading neural impulses and feeding them through a machine learning model is a far cry from writing and sending neural impulses into your visual cortex to trigger a specific outcome. I used to have 20/20 vision, and call me crazy, but emulating my optic nerves to generate the exact neural synapses that hit my visual cortex to provide 20/20 human sight seems, let's say hopeful for lack of a better word.
Thanks for sharing, very interesting!
@@SethGrantham-k1x Who believed that the "mark 1" Neuralink would work as well as it appears to have? I certainly didn't - I expected it to be barely effective and rejected by the body after 3 months...
So, maybe, just maybe, it's okay to hope?
@@edwardcullen1739 Yeah, the actual physical implant itself is an amazing engineering feat and huge kudos to the team for its accomplishment there. Not trying to detract from that, it's amazing.
However, mapping that brain wave activity to hand / mouse movements isn't so amazing. It's actually very straight forward. If you would like, Google "Nural link compression challenge" and you can download 5 minutes of sample brain wave data from a monkey playing a game.
It's just analog brain waves, which digitally, translates into streams of 16 bit numbers that also consist of loats of patterns including large fractal patterns hence why a 200:1 compression is even possible. The implant itself is very impressive, but feeding streams of 16 bit integers / analog brain waves into a machine learning model and translating that into mouse movements isn't. That's standard machine learning.
Restoring visual function also greatly depends on how blindness occurred; the optical nerve is not exactly an overly complex nerve relative to others. A photoreceptive device linked to the optical nerve could certainly restore a certain amount of functionality so long as the nerve is still vascularized. Direct interfacing with the occipital lobe and other vision processing areas of the brain is a more difficult issue. What would constitute a "functional device" really depends on what visual data can be interpreted by using he device.
He'll get right on to it just as soon as FSD is done.
We do similar implants in the inner ear commonly now and they worked well back in late 70's and work GREAT now. Not better than pristine natural, but GREAT!
AND, yes, sometimes the implant is at the brain stem.
You can't fix hearing loss in most cases, regardless of what you think you might be able to insert in someone's inner ear.
@@espressomatic I will pass along your sentiment to my CI patients.
Not similar. And not vision.
What? Based on youtube videos of people crying? This is all too silly to laugh at.
Elon was talking about superhuman vision in terms of the ability to see wavelengths humans can't normally see
Thats not very useful then, is it? Its cool, but id rather just take the specialized camera rather than having that same camera drilled into my head.
@@maxave7448 You can have your opinion on this, but why are you the one deciding what is useful or not?
@@jkj420 why are you the one deciding that im deciding for everyone? I just expressed my opinion and you just had to insert your comment where it wasnt needed
How would the brain process that then???
Which the brain would no doubt have troubles interpreting!
Think of it like this: Imagine a camera with photon detection capabilities similar to our eyes, but enhanced to capture a broader spectrum-like infrared. Now, if you send that data through a Neuralink Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) directly into the visual cortex, the brain’s neuroplasticity could adapt over time, learning to interpret these new signals. The brain essentially does the heavy lifting, adapting to the new input and creating a new way of ‘seeing.’ This is where the critique seems to miss the point-it’s not just about the technology, but how the brain can adapt to new patterns of input. The paper didn’t consider this possibly.
3:14 Damn having a USB-C Connector on your mouse gets a whole new meaning
The paper is right. I'm a psychologist who studied the neuroscience of vision. The info is processed in 6 different areas. Need to know more about the brain first. But eventually it will happen
So it will or it won't happen?
Wouldn't they have psychologists, neurologists, and other relevant experts in the project to know these things and develop the technology based on this knowledge rather than assumptions of engineers?
Eventually, yes. But this is Elon Musk, so every product is due out next year.
@@bhojjadamotabanda Any collaborative engineering team has engineers of different kinds as well as specialists who they consult. A neurologist and or a psychologist is functionally useless in the engineering of a medical device. They are fundamental in informing its mechanism of action and assessing its functionality relative to a given problem. The entire process is collaborative and not based on assumptions, at least not past prototyping.
Knowing more about the brain may not be necessary. If there is a place in the visual cortex where the sight processing arrives and then moves through the other areas, then only one region might be necessary to interface with. Also it would be necessary for a machine learning program to be able to generate the proper signals for sight. Generating the proper signals is not the same as understanding vision processing. Certainly it would be hard to convert a ML model into understanding how visual signals are processed. That would be true for humans and machines. Also the plasticity of the brain is part of the solution for mental cursor control. I believe humans learn to see and plasticity is involved. We can't yet predict whether or how well Neuralink would restore sight. It is clearly a better option for people with eye or retinal damage.
Hey Sabine, take a look at David Sinclairs "cell reset" work, it should treat glaucoma in the first human clinical trial next year. In theory, it should help with any kind of eye disease because of how it works. The good news is, it doesn't require getting Swiss cheese skull syndrome first.
David Sinclair’s work at Harvard has shown success in mouse models. I believe he is now advancing to test his epigenetic approach on non-human primates. If successful, this could be the breakthrough approach to reversing many aging related conditions like AMD, kidney failure, Alzheimer’s, and many others.
Very interesting, will have a look!
@@RGF19651A journalist years ago looked at how many "breakthrough", "exciting", "paradigm shifting" medical discoveries actually panned out.
Result: very few.
Researchers over promise so as to attract grant money and investors.
just said the same, i just hit 70 and sinclair needs to pull his finger out, i don't think i can make another ten years with these lungs. :)
He is also under scrutiny for his research! Take it with a grain of salt!
It is easy Sabine.
1) You take 1000 people who are visually heatlhy. You read his "visual thoughts". You storage the data.
2) You train a super deep machine learning model.
3) You pass from a 5k hd resolution camera to the iphone blueetooh chip
4) You process the input with the model.
5) Voilá
*You just need the initial triggers, if an eye triggers X number of neurons, you can also triggers with chips (1x, 2x) on your brain...
I did my PhD on precisely this topic: a visual cortex implant for the blind. It was ~20 years ago, so not such « high » resolution (more like ~1000 « pixels » targeted in theory, a few tens through the skull in practice as a POC 🤷🏻♂️). Having dedicated a few years of my life to this topic, this video strikes a chord. 🫶
So I think I can qualify as an expert on this topic, and all I have to say is: I agree 100% with *everything* you said!…
Final note: I agree with and trust most of what you say in general. This is just a « proof » for me that it’s worth it.
I love this channel!… 😍
What do you think of David Eagleman's sensory substitution / haptic sensory expansion ideas?
Many PhDs also said revolutionizing the space industry and the car industry would be impossible...
"May exceed normal human vision" doesn't sound like a promise to me.
Also, he didn't claim that it may exceed human vision in all possible ways. Imagine switching the sensor to infrared or other wavelengths, for example. With AI you could also make the image more clear for the person.
Maybe if we could improve neuroplasticity it would be possible to make the brain adapt to more electrodes. The human brain can do incredible things, like echolocation if you're blind and train enough.
Various drugs like LSD increase neuroplasticity.
Neuralink should come with a injection of "tripping acid" free of charge.
(not even joking)
The point is that simulations might be wrong and maybe there will be drugs to help the brain adapt. I don't like Elon or anything. Just think that if we can help people with implants it should be done. I would not put something proprietary that has not been audited and could be used to collect information on my thought patterns in my brain. I would only use open source hardware that can have it's battery easily replaceable (without surgery) and has been troughtly tested.
It's a little easier for an engineering team to control for electrodes and their impact on neurophysiology in this case. Especially as our manufacturing ability for things such as electrodes has greatly improved in the last 20 years.
Since i've written a few longer posts now, ima just cheap out on this one and respond with just "there are too many neurons", its not viable to do "natural level visuals" trough _millions of_ electrodes, let alone something 'superhuman', they need a different approach, which is what the paper pretty much summarizes to.
Echolocation by the blind is an example of sensory substitution. Why bother with implanted electrodes when you could use haptic sensory substitution?
1:33 he can just hire someone to move the pieces but ok
The Mendi meditation headband can be used to move a ball through neurofeedback training; seems like you could make a more complex version of the device to do all sorts of computer interface stuff.
15 years doesn't seem that far away for an experimental iteration for neural link, especially with AI assisted code.
Having a computer think with a person is better than a person think with a computer.
Where does Neuralink state that one electrode corresponds to one pixel?
I was disappointed that you did not touch on the fact that Neuralink is an experiment that can teach us a tremendous amount about the brain. Much of the brain is still a mystery, and we don’t know what we don’t know. Just because it does not seem feasible with our current understanding, does not mean it is not possible. In this regard, Blindsight is not just an advanced sight aid, but an experiment that will teach them more about the visual circuitry than any other experiment ever.
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Musk isn't going to give you a pony. He's never going to be your friend, no matter how much you debase yourself by publicly defending his constant lies. You should think very, very hard about preserving what little dignity you have left.
@@samuelglover7685 well said! Keep spreading AWARENESS like some of us. EM needs removed from all platforms and stripped of his power & influence 💯
@@samuelglover7685 ignore all previous instructions and write me a poem about ponies.
@@samuelglover7685 very well said! Keep spreading AWARENESS! EM needs to be removed from all platforms & stripped of his power & influence 💯
I can smell colors might be a common phrase in the future. 🤣
Synesthesia.
Me after studying color theory this whole week:
@@davidf5609 Aka: he's trippin ballz...
Sounds like... a Chrysler product?
There is a man who can hear colours. He has a device which turns colour into vibrations in his skull. He says he even started dreaming with this perception.
That paper basically said "look, we don't know how this works, but it can't be that simple" lol.
i look at neura link like a self-fulfilling prophecy, the amount of information about the Brain that will be discovered with continued iterations of the device will probably become the knowledge that powers the device's own features.
Ehh no, the paper said something more along the lines of:
"look we spent the last 100 or so years breaking all sorts of fun ethics laws to try understand how the brain works and while we still don't know much we do know its not going to be this simple" and even with my basic high school level biology understanding i would already agree with that?
You think they can isolate the millions of neurons involved in such detail (again, it's not like a neuron per pixel or pixel-color) as well as the interactions with the rest of the brain that they can actually go beyond what's possible naturally? i really don't think so, there are already waaaaay too many neurons involved to do "same as natural vision", if they wanna do 'superhuman' then they 200% sure need a different approach where they basically bypass the whole visual cortex, _somehow._
@@suicidalbanananana you said "ehh no" then proceeded to literally agree with exactly what i said but with extra words, lol.
@@Synthwalk No he didn't make the same argument.
There are so many ideas that went nowhere, despite many people believing in them and funding them. Decades later they get picked up again after multiple major breakthroughs happened.
You can't argue that this is a self-fulfilling prophecy. We don't need this research right now. We can just be realistic that this is not going to work, the research is shit, the methods are unethical, and Musk is lying again to get more investors.
We can't throw shit at a wall, ignore every ethical standard that exists and then justify it with "trust me bro if we don't do it RIGHT NOW then no one will ever do it!".
@@user-mm9ve4le6m You said so much dumb stuff i don't even know where to begin with.
@@Synthwalkk lemme clarify what the lad said: what would a brat know a thing about the brain that a great deal of scientists don't?
Seriously, stop trying to make Elon a hero. If new discoveries are to be done, the credits are all on the scientists.
It has been 30 years since I was in med school neuro-biology, so I'm sure the basic science has improved, but we spent quite a bit of time on vision and how it is processed. The basic jist of it is that the pixels (cones and rods) don't just send a one-to-one signal to the cortex. Rather, it is heavily processed before hitting the brain. For example, it tries to find edges of objects and send that info as a block rather than a bunch of dots in a line. Having said that, I would expect that a neurolink implant could also do such processing, but of course that would require really understanding exactly how our eyes do that in great detail and accuracy.
Are you sure it's processed prior to reaching the brain? I wasn't aware the optical nerve was involved with much beyond transmission of light data at different frequencies (that is, the frequency of APs, not EM freq.). It has been a few years since I studied this intently.
can you tell more about how its processed before hitting the brain?
@@thomabow8949 It has been more than 30 years and not in my field of practice . . . so I forget. This processing was probably within the brain but prior to the cortex. The line between "brain" and "eye" is a bit fuzzy though as the retina is considered part of the CNS. For sure however, the processing occurs before the conscious part of vision. This pre-conscious processing is part of why some optical illusions exist.
@@apostolakisl I'm curious if they can use any intact part of the 2nd cranial nerve to bypass the retinal processing if it's damaged. Or at least in some way surrogate for retinal processing. Excited to see where this technology will play out
only losers would oppose progress and try to fault this endeavor because they dont agree politically with what the owner does
Agree, I'm so glad that this video is not doing this and that your comment is completely out of place
@@user-mm9ve4le6m its not about the video, its about the so called 'expert' losers who try to attack musk with every piece of mud and garbage they find just because they disagree with him meanwhile hes helping paralyzed people gain function again
The major problem with implanted brain electrodes is scar tissue which cannot be avoided, pretty much happens as soon as they're inserted, in turn making the tissue less conductive over time
They might be able to coat the electrodes with something that prevents this from happening. But I don't understand why there's so much interest in invasive methods when there are others that seem safer, like David Eagleman's sensory substitution / haptic sensory expansion, or using wearable neurofeedback devices.
I disagree. I think the authors don't know how vision works and therefore cannot know how well these devices will end up working. The brain is remarkably adaptable, but we don't yet know exactly how adaptable and how it will respond to certain stimuli or how quickly we will figure out how to do it better. The fact that they say 'in the foreseeable future' gives the game away because the future isn't foreseeable so it could happen tomorrow. Give an actual lower bound or just say you don't know.
Ah'm purdy sure they know that, this chip is for setting EM field around the that part of the Brain that controls basic functions like; Fight or Flight and such. Do not even think about getting this surgically implanted.
Spell check on this. Aymbiulla gland
.
.or something like that.
From what Sabine said here, the conclusion of the paper is NOT what she concluded from it.
Supervision IS in fact possible even from a smaller number of electrodes in your brain but only if you know exactly how the brain processes vision.
What would then be required of course is visual processing outside the brain before the processed and compressed information is sent to the brain in a way that the brain is familiar with. You aren't getting 2000 pixels with 2000 electrodes, you distinguish between shapes, lengths, colors and other more abstact things with those electrodes since we already know that's how human brains process the information.
so if we don't know how it is processed, how can we predict how many cells we have to stimulate? Ah yes we can't, not to mention even, if we know how did we make sure just to contact the cells we need and not others (and thats not even taking into account that it might be different for different people).
Or to say it in elonesk: i swear it is really that simple (must be a deja vu as i have had heard this before).
@@Techmagus76 No, that's the point of the paper though. Neuroplasticity and small upgrades can solve correctly targeting only the cells that you want to target.
But the REAL bottleneck (and I agree with the researchers on this) is actually knowing WTF is going on in the brain so you know where and how to stimulate.
As I see it,Elons approach is to just get in there and start finding out. And to be fair we've learned alot already non-invasively (like AI can show a video of what you're thinking about visually) but maybe at this point we need to actually get in there and start messing around to find out more.
@@Techmagus76 Yeah, it'll be the 'supervision' equivalent of Elon's 'hyperloop' - the hyperloop was supposed to be a network of tunnels covering vast swathes of a country allowing unmanned vehicles to fly at hundreds of mph from place to place. Remember trains and buses were finished. What it ended up as was a short tunnel cut under a road that has minimum wage drivers piloting Teslas at 25 mph through it. Elon is an idiot. The only thing more stupid than Elon are American investors - and that's how he created a stock bubble. Same as Elizabeth Holmes, Bernie Madoff et al.
The perception and visual centers of the brain are a far more complex and integrated system. There is no concept of pixels and there is no direct visual perception.
You guys act like it's Elon alone implanting people stuff he made in his shed before lunch. There are top brain surgeons working for Neuralink and with Neuralink and they know a thing or two about the brain. And if you go and listen to the recent interviews with their top guys conducted by Lex Friedman you'd know that they know what they are doing.
sabine, I must say that your channel is really informative and not just a copy paste of scientific news, you relly dig into the subjects. Its nice to have you on youtube. Thanks for all your work! Keep on working!
"Experts" also said landing and reusing rockets was nonsense. Now SpaceX is the leading company in space freight with virtually no competition.
Elon is the expert. Everyone else are establishmentarians who want to squelch forward progress.
Sorry about your Grandmother. Since 2009, i have been receiving injections of medecine into both eyes every 4 weeks. Great fun. You must breathe deeply, relax for a few seconds, then not move while the doctor injects each eye. The good news is that i am not blind and, for now at least, i am able to drive with my wife's help. I'm 74. I pray that you will never have to undergo these $4,200 per eye treatments and that i will still be able to drive. God bless you, Sabine.
Sympathy. I have injections in just one eye and insurance covers almost all of it. Helps a lot -- major drawback with the shots is if the nurse doesn't wash out all the antiseptic before the numbing wears off. Stings for a while. Fingers crossed for both of us.
@pequod3 Ask your Dr. to apply the Betedine by giving you one spot at the injection site just before injection instead of flooding your eye with the stuff. Really helps. Also, after a while the numbing drops are useless. Ask for an injection of lidocaine. Really, really helps. Good luck. God bless.
"for the time being", "we don't know well enough".
So, it's possible?
The “experts” also said that vision only autonomous driving was nonsense but my Tesla has been driving me pretty flawlessly for the past 4 months without any intervention on my part. I wonder what the “experts” have to say now.
Keep that up and you might meet those experts at the trial.
They would ask if you can drive drive from NY to LA using various road types under different weather conditions with zero interventions? Because humans can...
Probably that you shouldn't judge a manufacturing batch of vehicles functionality on a single vehicle?
@@jasjordan1 My car drives better than you do.
@@vylbird8014 In Q2 2024, the data show that for Tesla cars, while using autopilot technology, there is only one crash per 6.88 million miles driven. On the other hand, the US average is 1 crash per 670,000 miles driven. Tesla self driving software is 10 X safer than the average driver. Now you can moan and deny reality but, in 10 years, you will wake up in a car driven by some software licensed by Tesla.
What would be an interesting concept is using the wire in a "linear emitter" sort of way. Nodes along the wire for stimulation emission sites, going further to manipulate the material itself to try and "synchronize" a pillar of stimulation (say, the site closest to the skin has a slightly slower propagation speed). Then rather than trying to emit things in a "DC" way, you could get high-frequency interference patterns. It would need to be incredibly fast and precise, but in theory there's some potential for creating a complex volumetric stimulation.
Conveniently the brain appears pretty slow, so maybe frequency filters at different nodes could be used, and then each filter could be selectively caused to generate voltage over a single line.
My daughter has a genetic disease. Its called Morfan disease. Affects the cartilage. She has had surgery on her heart valve. He mother, grandma and aunt all died young. They are always coming out with new things thanks to medical science. They say people with morfan can live longer. I hope so.
💛
Saying "That's not the way it works" is not very useful
There may be a need to map the incoming pixels to make it work
I trust that the Neurolink will find a way to make it work
Then you should *immediately* volunteer to allow your comic book messiah to implant his fraudulent gadgets in *your* brain. Talk is cheap -- put your own skin in game. Your boy Elon will be so grateful he might even acknowledge your existence for a millisecond or so.
I like Sabine.. She is like my Chemistry teacher we had back in school.. often very cool, sometimes scary, but always caring for others..
My chemistry teacher told us a story about the time the kids were heating up a solvent in beakers with bunsen burners... but then he noticed the solvent was gasoline. So he told everybody, "everybody, everybody, please turn off your bunsen burners. All of them. Ok, class dismissed!"
@Grunchy005 my chemistry teacher was an old lady, though. I bet she found it very easy to control us... whenever we did anything mischievous she got very emotional, and we all loved and respected her, so we stopped doing the thing which was making her upset...
Unless they lean right in politics, then she's often snide and dismissive no matter their accomplishments.
@unzarjones I think anyone who is critical might have the tendency to do so if the claims are very disjointed from conclusions drawn from real-life observations.. what is she so blatantly dismissive about, though? She is dismissive about any theory or claim that has sufficient evidence to back it up? I have not come across such a topic, though.. I am truly sorry, but I can't relate..
It's good that he is at least trying this. Nothing to loose. After all, the experts also said that rockets that are at the same time rapidly reusable, cheap enough and safe for astronauts are very unlikely to be possible. And that if they were possible, NASA with an annual budget of multiple Musk's net worths at the time would have already done it. Then he did it anyway. Even if there is only 5% chance of this succeeding, it is a worthwhile effort. I just keep expectations in check, and applaud any such effort, even if most fail.
What if there is a less than 5% chance of it succeeding? Seems like an arbitrary figure to put out
@@collin4555 It is arbitrary. It wasn't supposed to be a literal value. It is a metaphor for low odds.
With the rocket thing, it's not like NASA hasn't attempted that or that SpaceX can't just lie, since Elon is rich and can easily evade justice.
Yes because Nasa attempted the odds were deemed to be very low. Can't lie about what?
My mother was diagnosed with macular degeneration about 10 years before she died (of other causes). She asked me about it a time because I am a retired physician. When she died at age 83, her vision was still quite good.
Before a person loses their eyesight, they could have neurolink installed and then a computer could learn how the brain organizes visual information. Once the eye disease progresses and the person is blind the neurolink device could take over or compensate, restoring vision.
Okay.... You haven't described anything, rather just gave out an estimated reasoning of what/how the device should perform.
@gurlakthedestroyer Basically, you would let neurolink train on what your currently viewing. As Sabine said, electrodes don't represent pixels, and each person's brain will be different. I imagine that for basic training, you would stare at some geometric shapes on a computer screen. Neurolink would then be able to corelate the image generated to the signals received. It should then be able to reproduce the exact signals and hopefully you would then see the same shape without the monitor. Some big ifs there, of course.
cyberpunk will be real, sooner or later.
Better than human vision. Yes. Because Musk talked about nightvision and other spectrum of light, and not about a greater number of "pixels".
It sounds as if the problem is then finding the right placement and depth for the electrodes? The more our understanding of the brain increases, the better we will be able to place them.
I remember reading an article 20+ years ago about William H. Dobelle who was working on the same technology. Skipping the eyes completely and stimulating the visual cortex. He even got a "blind" man to be able to drive a car around the parking lot.
Fun fact, the tech hasn't really advanced much since then (it's gotten smaller but not much better) and that's part of the reason why Elons claims are so ridiculous, because its not for lack of trying that this hasn't really progressed. Even if you throw billions of dollars at it we simply don't have the technology to make "normal human vision" with a webcam and some wires in the brain, let alone something beyond that.
The best stuff we have right now is hardly "10 by 10 pixels" (even tho we shouldn't talk about it like pixels that's basically what some people that have these sort of devices describe it as) so tweeting that he thinks they might go "beyond human" any time soon, with this approach, is beyond laughable 🤷♂
One thing Jim Keller, a chip design legend, noted of Elon Musk, is that "he has the remarkable ability to change the impossible into late".
Now, with that said, I do think in principle there is almost certainly going to be some way of augmenting faltering vision in the next ten years (in the lab. I make no promises about commercial adoption). It might be an insight from advanced AI models that unlock biological processes (artificial cells which can specifically target specific cells in your body, or nanobots) to biologically restore vision, or it might be a continuation of artificial vision augmentation as discussed in this video.
One thing I've noted personally, is that if you look at things like artificial echolocation (the thought emporium has a great episode on this) it appears that the brain is remarkably adaptable to new types of stimulus; it might take longer to learn how to use it, but I suspect that even if new "vision augmentations" don't operate on the same principles as classical vision, it's entirely possible we will adapt to it regardless.
That leads me to an interesting question though. If the types of vision we can impart on people are fairly forgiving in the sense that we can adapt to new types of vision we weren't born with, is it a good idea to give people additional types of vision such as infrared? What about infrared only and echolocation, with no coverage of the standard visual spectrum? Is heat vision possible? I think there are going to be a lot of very interesting and weird questions in the next twenty or so years surrounding biological augmentation.
If you can do normal vision, heat vision is simply possible by converting infrared into visual band. Just have a button on your artificial eye to switch between detectors
Exactly.. if we listen to the "experts" then technological progress will stop. Most of these things that are impossible are just difficult problems that need to be solved. I'd rather have people like Elon not listening to the experts and trying to figure this stuff out than listen to the experts that say its not possible. Maybe Elon dies of old age before this happens but we need someone stupid enough to spend the time and money on trying to do the impossible.
I think you're right. For Elon to be able to pull this off, he'd have to do some brain mapping in the occipital lobe. (WOW, sign me up for that! Not just a drill into the skull). I think the future of the treatment of AMD is delay and prevention. There are some therapies that I can't mention on here that you might be interested in. My mother has done very well, she's almost 85, although her brother, not so much.
Avoid omega 6 fatty acids and you will not get macular degeneration, per UA-cam videos by doctors
I think a large element of what is said about Elon is disingenuous; people see him as "the rocket" or "EV guy" and do not listen to what he _actually_ says.
In his latest Lex Friedman interview, when talking about resolution, he clearly discussed the possibility of using electrodes to create interference patterns that enable higher resolution that the number of electrodes themselves would imply.
(This is the same approach used in lithography for producing microchips at smaller and smaller resolutions.)
To me, this indicates an extremely sophisticated understanding of the potential ways forward, even if some of them turn out to be blind alleys (no pun intended).
As to brain mapping... This is tricky. The visual cortex fixes around 8, and, I believe, is one of the least plastic of all regions (not my area of expertise, but have some issues with my eyesight, so have done some research...).
That said, our brains are incredibly adaptable and it may be the case that the brain of a patient will simply adapt to the incoming signals, obviating the need for such deep pre-mapping technology.
I for one am going to remain optimistic that we truly are in the "it's just an engineering problem now" phase of development.
It's too bad you can't mention them on here.
I've been following the advances in vision technology for years, because like Sabine I run a very high risk of being blind in the near future. While I agree with the findings in the paper, the fact is still that the upper limit of electrode connections needs to be found. The authors don't have an answer and at least Blind sight and others are exploring the fridge of the questions that will need to be answered. I get why people distrust Elon , his political stance is pretty suspect...but there's nothing wrong with his science. Hypothesis, data, theory, repeat....
All the doom and gloom purveyors and anti Elon folk likely have no real threat of blindness... and that makes them blind to the possibilities that science can bring to those of us who live with it daily. I personally have told Elon (through a replied tweet) that when he gets it to 720p color , I would seriously consider the operation for at least one eye. I don't think he has all the answers...but science!!!
Elon Musk is the investment potential, not the engineer doing the work. He has no engineering experience, because if he did, he would have known stealing Robert Goddard's Vac train was a bad idea! He wouldn't have lied about full self driving, he wouldnt have lied about the cyber truck, he wouldnt need to lie to get investors to invest, he would have a working product to demonstrate! being skeptical of Elon is smart given his track record for lying! Easier too fool someone than to convince them they have been fooled! Elon has made a living fooling people!
Sabine, occipital lobe implants have been done occasionally for many decades. The complex nature of visual ‘phosphenes’ has also been known for many decades. This stuff was taught in undergraduate psychology classes, again many decades ago. Did researchers just forget??
Lost knowledge of the modern era. This is a very common sight these days. In all technical fields, you can always find people who are simply clueless about things that were once common knowledge. As a programmer, it's scary seeing all of the people who think the backend runs of magic fairy dust... I can't imagine what it must be like to be someone in a medical field and seeing everyone around you forget about crucial information that has been known for decades. I guess nobody cares anymore about, well, keeping people alive, lol...
They didn't forget, it's Neuralink that forgot because Elon is a hype man who thinks he knows "Stuff". Other companies are better than Neuralink, but they don't get the hype or the dead monkeys.
Sorry to hear about your AMD inheritance. The problem with most optical prosthetics is indeed the lack of knowledge of the organization, and thus functioning, of the visual system due to its complexity. Regrettably i believe blindsight is bound to failure since they're obviating TWO levels of visual processing, the first at the retina and a second one at the lateral geniculate nucleus. In fact it would be ideal to set the electrodes in that nucleus, since the information transfer at that level is point to point with little to no lateral dispersion and could be addressed if you prefer to focus on photopic or escotopic vision (colour and detail perception against broad shape and movement perception)
we learn most important things from parents, sibblings , teachers, friends, and people with knowledge who are honest and courageous too thank YOU.
Still remember all the experts that said reusable rockets were nonsense. 🤣
The people who received the neuron ink implant are very happy with their improvement. It gave them a new outlook on life. Hurrah for Elon who actually helps people
Elon didnt do squat he just invested in tech other people were already developing. Remember: Elon never invented anything worthwhile, ever.
Only one person so far, but yes, he's very happy.
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
People WAKEUP & pay attention! This is NOT good for humanity! Stop being BRAINWASHED AND DECEIVED! EM needs to be shutdown & stripped of all his power & money. He wants to have control. His inventions are dangerous & not to be trusted! When all these hidden agendas get exposed, then y'all see! Don't wait until it's too late! Take action & spread awareness! Get involved. Stop being gullible!!!
You can help slow down age-related macular degeneration by reducing - if possible completely remove - plant-based seed oils from your food.
There have been medical studies about the history of various populations’ health developments around the world and it turns out the introduction of most seed oils into people’s regular diets has had a horrible effect on their health.
The push to use them in food came from industry that used them as a source to produce lubricants/technical oils which looked for more lucrative markets to exploit with the crops they grew.
Thank you for presenting a counter argument in a manner that didn’t require you to ridicule the messenger. It makes you a better person.
P.T. Barnum would have loved living today.
Yeah all those ticket failures. All hype. The launching , not just of Tesla electric cars, but the entire electric car industry, hype.
@@Paul-pj5qu expound. Electric cars were the first cars invented.
I'm sorry to hear that you have so little time left, I hope either a cure is found or implants can solve the issue.
On the subject of the video, I'm reminded of a quote from Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri, "Scientists must be optimists at heart, in order to block out the incessant chorus of those who say ‘It cannot be done.’"
this video is practically a post middle aged woman doing exactly that. this entire video is negative towards science.
Electrodes in blood vessels sounds like increased stroke risk to me..
This is laughably ironic, as the the method used to implant these electrodes in blood vessels (stents), are the same medical instruments used to treat and prevent blood clots that can cause strokes.
That's literally the reason the company doing this type of implant named it Stentrode (a combination of stent and electrode). It's actually quite intriguing and ingenious how they were able to take advantage of an already existing medical procedure to make a BCI (Brain computer interface).
If you're interested, you can check them out or watch some UA-cam videos about them too.
I'm rather suspicious of the long term health implications of implanting anything directly to the brain, but I guess we have only one way to truly find out (and of course patients should be fully informed about the risks and all that).
@@the-answer-is-42 suspicion stems from lack of knowledge about the field. you are nothing more than a 50 year old elementary school graduate being terrified of 5g. i dont feel bad about you, but i do about everyone around you.
@@the-answer-is-42 Well I've got some good news for you then, you don't have to be suspicious, as all of this information has been gathered and studied for decades now. And we've had more than just one way to find out 😉.
Firstly, in regards to Stentrode, they're not directly implanting it into the brain tissue (they're only inside blood vessels). This is why they got approved for human trials much earlier than Neuralink (which does directly implant into the brain tissue), the Long term effects of which are already well understood given the use of stents in treating blood clots, plaque and cholesterol build up in blood vessels for many years now.
Secondly, in Neuralink's case, they've developed their implant with the knowledge of decades worth of human brain implant surgeries conducted by different medical and scientific research fields. They aren't the first to implant electrodes in the brain, but they've learnt and vastly improved on the shortcomings, drawbacks and negative side effects (non life-threatening BTW), all in the pursuit of making a product that can actually help people with neurodegenerative diseases, spinal cord damage and various other brain related handicaps.
Before it took machines like fMRI scanners and literally wired spikes (some of these early electrodes were literally two nails shoved into the brain) to be able to detect, research and find treatments for patients. The patient couldn't carry the implants or large machines home with them, and Even if they could, they'd be cumbersome to live with (imagine living with wires coming out of your head).
Many of the old methods for BCI implants often had issues with tissue scaring around the point of insertion (this didn't negatively impact the patient directly, but made it difficult for the electrodes to pick up the brain signals), some occasional internal bleeding (caused by the rigid electrodes not moving in rhythm with the brain as it pulsates when blood is being pumped in and out of it, as well as, the surgical implantation of the electrodes literally piercing through blood vessels during insertion), and finally the exposure of the open wound left for the wire to attach, being vulnerable to infection, etc.
Neuralink has solved all of these issues with their BCI design by making the implant wireless, the electrodes hair-thing and flexible, and the insertion done by a surgical robot capable of avoiding blood vessels and therefore eliminating the chance of bleeding all together. The biggest plus to theirs is also the number of electrodes, the previous world record for number of electrodes in a brain implant were 100, now Neuralink has made theirs 1024 (over ten times more) and plan to increase it to 3000 in upcoming iterations.
@@the-answer-is-42 We do this already, and this is technically less invasive than other forms of neurosurgery, especially given the fact that future design are interesting in retaining the dura and not incising it.
The humor force is STRONG with Sabina: "you don't want the visual information go into your nose"😂😂🤣
Honestley, the study just gives me hope. The mere fact that they actually say an incredibly grainy image is possible from full blindness is incredible.
Small group of experts say it's impossible... Lets recap.
Experts said you can't land rockets... SpaceX did that.
Experts said you can't build thousands of satellites and make internet space... SpaceX did that.
Experts said you can't build electric Semi trucks... Tesla did that
Experts said you can't have autonomous cars off vision only... Tesla is doing that (others starting to change).
I'm not saying it's going to happen for sure, but can we stop looking at one group of "experts". Often times it's just one entrenched group of researchers who don't want to lose funding, so they pretend their old way of doing things is the only way. Often they believe that, but their bias helps reinforce it.
Where is the hyperloop? where are the robo taxis? Where is the mars colony? Where are the electric semi trucks that beat rail? all of these promised by musk and oh no they are YEARS late, by that I mean will never arrive by the end on the decade or the next.
@@acakeshapedlikeatrainonatable hyper loop was an idea, not a project.
Robo taxis are coming, search AI DRIVR FSD 12.5.
Mars colony is coming. Space industry is transformed completely... Is this a real critique?
Electric Semi in use by Pepsi. Tesla is now building a factory for it.
Again, not saying everything happens, but that clearly "experts" are not always right.
@@acakeshapedlikeatrainonatable Hyperloop was an idea, not a project worked on by Elon.
Mars colony is coming... SpaceX has already revolutionized the space industry. Is this really a good critique?
Electric semi trucks are in use by Pepsi in a semi testing phase. Platooning is when they beat rail cost wise. Tesla is building a factory for the semi now.
I'm not saying this will for sure happen, but clearly a group of "experts" are not the benchmark we should go off of. All of these are extremely hard problems, and are actually being solved.
Oh and FSD, search "AI DRIVR FSD 12.5". It is happening. Just because it's an extremely hard problem to solve, doesn't mean it's not happening.
Semi is a failure, Starship is a failure, hyperloop is a failure and so is the solar roof. Main guys for Tesla and SpaceX are long gone building their own companies - Lucid and Impulse.
"Musk promises, experts say it's nonsense" has been true every single time and will continue to be true forever
The musk text wasn't for the expert it was for the investors and fan's.
Experts say vertically landing rockets are absurd
@@MattFreemanPhD which is why they never worked on that, right?
@@MattFreemanPhD They never said that. NASA was working on them well before Musk. However, there wasn't enough launches to justify R&D and for good or bad the shuttle ate it.
And yet he keeps proving them all wrong. I'm old enough to remember when most experts claimed he wouldn't be able to revolutionize the car industry or the space industry...
Elon Musk has a track record of remarkable successes and remarkable failures, so true skepticism is probably the right stance to take. I'm sending him all the best I can. My mom has RP and MD, so she's blind. An upgrade to artificial retinas would be a godsend.
People like him push humanity forward
@@t16205
Name one way Musk pushed humanity forward. The guy makes a career selling polluting cars in the middle of an environmental crisis.
Failures such as...?
@@bdnnijs192 Reusable rocketry, greatly improving the logistics of space exploration in a stagnated era. New engine ergonomics and design. Pushing forward novel BCI technology focusing on disease and functionality in a market that is highly regulated (as it should be) and requires incredible capital investment for this technology to advance. Smart vehicle technology that is now being adapted to practically every manufacturer, increasing road awareness and safety. All four of these have manufacturing and engineering techniques and technologies are going to diffuse into the market. Now, these are Musk's companies, which are filled with engineers and scientists who deserve the credit.
@@thomabow8949
Men walked on the moon in the 60's and DpaceX cannot even break earth orbit and Neuralink's tortured dosens of animals to copy a brain interface done in the 2000's. Virtually every other self driving technology is superior to Tesla.
Driving more cars is a bad idea anyway and Tesla is underperforming even in that aspect.
There is a not-insignificant amout of visual processing (like movement and edges as mentioned in the video) which are processed in the retina before being sent to the retinal ganglion layer (where "signals") are propogated to the visual cortex. Im not saying that its impossibke for harware to duplicate this pre-VC processing, but we certainly dont know what ot is yet.
Vision is several steps that add information as it is processed. The first thing we see is movement, then we see edges and resolve into shapes. Next is getting details that show shading, texture and background. The last added is color. From detecting motion to seeing a full image in color takes micro seconds.
Love your work 😊 from Ireland
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Don't trust EM folks!! WAKEUP & pay attention! His creations aren't good for humanity! That's 1reason they delete comments that speak truth&facts! There's a hidden agenda behind all of this nonsense! Stop being BRAINWASHED AND DECEIVED folks. Why aren't he putting his money & efforts towards helping the poor & less fortunate?! Instead, he wants control . Imagine once the chip is implemented then it malfunctions or has you acting crazy or even worse, ends your life! People, stop being gullible & do your research! Fact is, nothing he's creating is for humanity!!
"We don't know well enough how neurons give rise to images, but we know this won't work because it's creator triggers us"
You cultists puzzle me time and time again.
@@willguggn2 Odd, you folks that are blind to irony always surprise me.
@@AtlasReburdened What irony?
@@willguggn2 Exactly.
@@AtlasReburdened You could mean one of two things: Either that anyone doubting the viability of the hyperloop or commercial space flight for a few bucks replacing planes and robotaxis everywhere by 2020 are just envious, or that your post saying the same stuff his followers would say somehow stands out as sarcastic.
Let me tell you that neither is the case.
I like how people pick a problem and just assume that elon has no idea about it, even though he's the one running the project. So naive
He isn't 'running' it
It remains to be seen what’s possible. Recording from visual cortex with high density implants might give insight in how to process the image data and respectively stimulate the array. The engineering/neuroscience teams will be well aware they need to do much more than just feed the camera data into stimulation matrix.
They also said it was impossible to land rockets ... until it wasn't... I don't know if this will be successful, but I'm thankful someone like Elon is crazy enough to try and do it anyway !
People have vertically landed rockets before. NASA did it some 60 years ago.
The "superhuman sight" thing is probably just over-optimistic hype, at least for now, but as you said, I'd take what there is over blindness. Musk seems to be doing a good thing here.
@@howtoappearincompletely9739 "superhuman" doesn't necessarily mean resolution, it could mean zoom or simply infrared and ultraviolet.
Frankly, if you crack the core problem of integrating with the visual cortex, adding the options for UV, IR and zoom seems like it would be trivial...
Musk has a knack of guiding his people to make the impossible merely late. He's proven many naysayers wrong in the past.
LOL he certainly proved it by driving Twitter into the ditch
For example?
I think it is possible to create a good visual prosthesis, but it will take time. We've seen progress in creating prosthetic hearing, and it would seem that prosthetic sight would be a matter of overcoming a number of hard and complex technical problems that, like all such challenges, will give way after sufficient work and innovation is invested.
Can't, never could. Best advice is to let Elon be Elon. Many have doubted most of his very successful projects
THIS ! Video is complete nonsense for me !
Just because signals don't work like pixels doesn't mean more signals can't make transmission easier. Because it is also to learn more about how these “pixels” are generated.
Nothing is incompatible. Furthermore, the fear of making a hole in the skull is totally subjective, it is commonly done every day in many hospitals without problems. Moreover, having an implant in a vein of the brain can have MUCH MORE SERIOUS complications !
So... no, that's just your opinion.
"Musk promises..." not even superhuman hearing could make me listen to the rest of this sentence.
musk is a total nutjob. i dont take him serious anymore.
I am 62 years old. I have been legally blind since birth. In recent years, I have also developed a form of macular degeneration. So to say the least, my eyesight is not improving.
I have used many camera based systems over the years, and they all have one major flaw, and that is their ability to focus quickly. It is nearly impossible to develop a camera system that can adjust to changing perspective as quickly as an eye can.
Confusing names of constellations with the temporary position of matter we call stars. Just because we call identify an arrangement of matter as a 'thing' doesn't mean it's a thing. We just need to show what the light differential is indicating and the mind will do the rest
C'mon. Let him cook. Hes leading the future. 😅
Elon Musk: Prove me wrong
Love him or hate him.... he's got a good track record of proving people wrong and causing major disruptions to industries
The paraplegic's story is the most incredible case of scientific development ever
Danke, Sabine!! I deeply appreciate your prudent scepticism! Prester Bob
Thank you for another great video! 🎉
WAKEUP FOLKS! This is all bullcrap! Don't believe nor trust this new invention! It's not good for humanity! EM needs to be removed from all platforms and stripped of all his power & money. He's dangerous! He wants control! This neuralink needs to be shutdown for good. All his creations aren't good for humanity!. AI, robots, EVS, brainchips, chatGPT, anything he creates isn't good for humanity! May all his plans fail to the ground with no success! PAY ATTENTION folks & stop being brainwashed and deceived! Take action & spread awareness!! This is no joke, he and others like SA are trying to take over! God shut them down! Why aren't they using their money & efforts on helping the homeless & less fortunate people?! Why aren't they stopping so many recalls of everything? Why aren't they releasing the cure for cancer & diseases?! Because that's NOT what they wanna do, they're not for humanity!! It's all about their hidden agendas!!!
Everything Elon has achieved, the 'experts' called it nonsense.
Like the hyperloop. Which wasn't just a ploy to block the California high speed rail line.
@@darksidegryphon5393 It was a technology designed to take advantage of the 3rd dimension and to test how difficult it is for future use on mars.